Learning Activity No.

2
I. Definition: Give the meaning of the following
terms.
a. Buddhism-Buddhists believe that the human
life is one of suffering, and that meditation, spiritual
and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways
to achieve enlightenment, or nirvana.
b. Hinduism-the dominant religion of India that
emphasizes dharma with its resulting ritual and
social observances and often mystical
contemplation and ascetic practices.
c. Karma-Hinduism identifies karma as the
relationship between a person's mental or physical
action and the consequences following that action
d. Nirvana-(in Buddhism) a transcendent state
in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense
of self, and the subject is released from the effects
of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It
represents the final goal of Buddhism.
 e. Dharma- an individual’s duty fulfilled by
observance of custom or law. Hinduism and
Buddhism. : the basic principles of cosmic or
individual existence : divine law. : conformity to
one’s duty and nature
f. Reincarnation-Reincarnation is the religious
or philosophical belief that the soul or spirit, after
biological death, begins a new life in a new body
that may be human, animal or spiritual depending
on the moral quality of the previous life’s actions.
g. Samsara-is a Pali/Sanskrit word that means
“world”. It is also the concept of rebirth and
“cyclicality of all life, matter, existence”, a
fundamental belief of most Indian religions.
Popularly, it is the cycle of death and rebirth.
h. Doctrine of Anatman-In Buddhism, the term
anattā (Pali) or anātman (Sanskrit) refers to the
doctrine of “non-self”, that there is no unchanging,
permanent self, soul or essence in phenomena
II. Identification: Identify the term being referred to
in the following statements.
Bhagavad Gita 1. It is known as the "Song of the
Lord".
2. It is a Hindu epic that has had enormous
influence in Hinduism.
3. It is the dominant religion in India, Nepal, Sri
Lanka and in some parts of Canada.
4. It is based on the teaching of Gautama.
5. It is a doctrine in which an individual is
released from the cycle of continued existence.
6. It is the proximate goal of rebirth.
7. It is an handful of disciples organized into a
monastic community.
 8. It is considered as the world's third largest
religion, after Christianity and Islam.
9. It is needed to make men better than beast.
10. It must be observed by man to suppress his
suffering.

III. Filling the blanks: Fill in the blanks with the

correct word to complete the meaning of the
statement.
1. Man is divine, and to be divine, man must
embrace ______.
2. The universal belief of ________ is the belief in
reincarnation.
3. The most famous religious writing of the Indian
tradition, the _______.
4. Morality, wisdom and concentration are the
three _______ of Buddhist faith.
 5. The four Noble Truths is the _______ of
Buddha's enlightenments.
6. __________ is attained at the moment of death.
7. __________ is only for human beings, not to
gods.
8. The universal justice is ________.
9. _________ is a major world religion found in
Northeastern India.
10. _________ has had enormous influence in
Hinduism philosophy and religion.

IV. Critical Thinking:

1. Why do you think Buddha, who was sheltered in
luxury, renounced early attachments and embarked
on a quest for peace? Justify your answer.
2. Explain elaborately what you understand by the
four Noble Truths.
 3. Do you think that the modern man can achieve
the Noble eightfold path? Justify your answer.
4. Explain the statement that "life is a renewed
cycle of birth, old age and death" in the concept of
Buddhism.
5. Compare Buddhism and Hinduism with respect
to their similarities and differences.
6. According to Hinduism concept of man, "man is
divine". Explain what this statement means.
7. Why is Hinduism did not prosper as a philosophy
and religion in the present times? Justify your
answer.