REYNALYN M.

ABAO March 04, 2023

 A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY FOR GRADE EIGHT

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of a 60-minute period, the Grade Eight students should achieve the
following with 75% proficiency level:
1. Describe the transfer of energy in trophic levels
2. Explain the importance of the transfer of the energy from one organism to
another
II. SUBJECT MATTER
TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN TROPHIC LEVELS
A. Reference
Science 8 Learner’s Module. Campo, Pia C. et al. 2013. P273
B. Materials
Visual aids, pictures, video clip, manila paper, markers
C. Ideas
Producers- autotrophs or the organisms that can produce their own food through
photosynthesis
Consumers- heterotrophs or the organisms that can’t produce their own food and
feed on the producers or other consumers
Food chain- a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of
food
Food web- a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains
Symbiosis- relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together
Biomass- the total mass of organisms in a food chain or a food web
D. Processes Describing,
identifying
E. Values
Collaboration
III. PROCEDURE
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Checking of the attendance
3. Checking of the assignment
4. Review of the past lesson
B. Motivation
Pictures
 C. Lesson Proper
TEACHER ACTIVITY
Let’s start our class with a prayer. (A
student will lead the prayer) Good
afternoon class.
Before you sit down, please arrange your
chairs and pick up pieces of paper.
Class monitor, please check the attendance.
Please pass your assignments forward.
What was our lesson yesterday?
Have you learned anything from the report
yesterday? If yes, kindly tell me about it.
Today, we’re going to continue the lesson.
And these will be our objectives for today.
Kindly read everyone.
Thank you. At the end of this period, you are
expected to be able to describe the transfer of
energy through the trophic levels and explain its
importance to all organisms, including us humans.
In yesterday’s report, we encountered a lot of
terms and one of them was ecosystem. What is
ecosystem?
Okay, so an ecosystem doesn’t only include the
biotic and abiotic factors but also the
interactions between each other.
Some interactions are beneficial, some can be
harmful to the other organisms and there are
interactions where organisms neither
benefitted nor harmed.
Interaction with other species is important for
survival. The quote “No man is an island”
doesn’t only apply to humans, but also to all
organisms. We need each other to survive.
To survive, what do you think is our most
essential need in our everyday life?
STUDENT ACTIVITY
Good afternoon ma’am Rose.
Good afternoon ma’am Jean.
Good afternoon classmates.
Mabuhay!
Yesterday, the reporters talked about the
interactions in the ecosystem such as
mutualism, commensalism, predation,
parasitism, and competition. They also
reported about the food chain which
shows the interdependence of a series of
organisms.
The Grade Eight students should be
able to:
Describe the transfer of energy through the
trophic levels
Explain the importance of the transfer of
the energy from one organism to
another
Includes all the living things in an area,
interacting with each other, and with their
non-living environment.
Our most essential need is food and
water.
Why do we need to eat food?
So, in an ecosystem, what are the main
sources of energy?
That’s right. Because of that, plants and other
autotrophs are called as producers.
They can make their own food through the process
of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis class?
So that makes the sun the ultimate source of
energy in the ecosystem.
But you see, I don’t eat fruits and vegetables. I
only eat chicken meat and beef. Does that mean I
won’t survive because I did not obtain energy
from the plants?
Very good. So, it means that there is a flow of
energy from the producers to the consumers.
What are consumers again class?
There are kinds of consumers. The primary
consumers, the secondary consumers, tertiary
consumers and the quaternary or apex
predators.
What are examples of each one of them and
why do you think they belong to that group?
Our example has formed a food chain. I
will properly illustrate it so you will
understand.
Now, let’s do a group activity. We will divide the
class into 3 (count off).
To obtain nutrients and energy that will
enable us to move, grow, repair damaged
tissues and reproduce.
The main sources of energy are plants and
other autotrophs because they are the
only ones that can produce their own food.
Photosynthesis is the process where the
energy from the sun and raw materials
such water and CO2 are converted by
autotrophs into chemical energy and
store it as glucose.
That’s not true ma’am because chickens
and cows eat plants, so the energy from
the plants must have transferred to
their own bodies.
Likewise, as you ate their meat, the
energy from the plants that was
transferred to their body must have
transferred to yours.
Consumers are organisms that can’t
produce their own food and must eat
other organisms to obtain nutrition and
energy.
Rabbits are primary consumers because
they primarily eat plants as food. If that
rabbit is eaten by a snake, it makes the
snake a secondary consumer and if the
snake is eaten by an eagle, the eagle
would be a tertiary consumer.
 For each group, I will give an envelope that (Students may ask for further
contains pictures of animals. You will have to instructions)
imagine a scenario where the animals interact
with each other in a food web.
Paste your work on the manila paper provided.
Put arrows to indicate interaction and label which
trophic level does the animal belong to.
You will be given 3 minutes to complete your
work and after that, your group representative
shall present your work in front. Is everything
understood?
So, this will be the rubrics for our activity. (Explain
rubric)
Criteria 5 3 1
Content All answers 1-2 answers Most
are correct incorrect answers
incorrect
Communication Reporter Reporter Reporter
Skills has has has low
confidence confidence confidence
and but and
presents in occasionally speaks in
fluently in speaks in vernacular
English. vernacular.
Collaboration All 1-2 Most
members members members
participated did not did not
participate participate

Each group representative will present

You may start your work.
(3 min. is up)
Please post your work on the board.
Each representative will be given 1 minute so
keep your explanations short and concise. (Gives
scores and comments)
Now, who can come here in front and create a
pyramid of biomass out of this food chain? How
about the energy pyramid?
their work.
Each organism can support the biomass of
the next trophic level which is 10% of its
own biomass. So if there is 20,000 kg of
carrots, it can sustain 2,000 kg of rabbits.
In turn, the 2,000 kg of rabbits, can
sustain only 200 kg of the biomass of the
snakes, so on and so forth.
Not 100% of the energy from a trophic
level can be transferred to the organisms
of the next level. After all, not all parts of
plants and animals are eaten by the
consumers.

Producers have the greatest biomass

and the greatest energy.
 The quaternary consumers have the
least biomass and have the least
energy.

Let’s look again at the two pyramids. Which

organisms have the greatest biomass? The Only 1%
least biomass?
Which organisms have the greatest energy? The
least energy?

So, imagine how much energy will you get if

you are strictly carnivorous?
No ma’am.
That’s right. It could be only 1% or even lesser.
That is why it is not good to eat meat all the
time. We also need to eat vegetables and fruits
because other than how they can provide a
greater amount of energy they also provide
vitamins and nutrients needed by our body.
From now on, are you still going to eat only
meat all the time?
That’s good.

D. Generalization
What is the importance of the transfer of energy between each organism?
E. Application
If one organism is removed from the web of interconnected feeding relationship, how
will it affect the other organisms and us humans?
IV. EVALUATION

Formative Test

Identification

V. ASSIGNMENT