FARMER’S PARTICIPATION

Prepared By: Group 5 – BAT3C

COVERAGE :

• What is participation?
• Farmer’s Participation Definition
• Barriers in Farmer’s Participation
• Advantages of Farmer’s Participation
• Different Extension Teaching Methods
WHAT IS PARTICIPATION?

In a broader sense, participation is the act of taking part in

something through information, consultation, intervention,
partnership, and involvement in decision – making.
FARMER’S PARTICIPATION

• Farmer’s participation is defined as the direct involvement of the

marginalized groups in a development process, which aims to build
people’s capabilities to have access to and control of resources.
• In Agricultural Planning, farmer’s participation is regarded as an important
tool for successful sustainable agricultural development. (it is an important
factor to achieve sustainable agricultural programs and livelihood in rural
areas.
FARMER’S PARTICIPATION

• It is also considered necessary to get community support for agricultural

development projects (Cole, 2007).
• It refers to people’s engagement in activities within the rural. It plays an
essential and long-standing role in promoting quality of life (Putnam,
2000).
BARRIERS IN FARMER’S PARTICIPATION
• Market inaccessibility • Unavailability of land.
• Inadequate technical knowledge • Lack of funds and limited
• High agricultural input cost resources

• Farm size • Lack of commitment of extension

workers
• Farmer’s age
• Credibility of extension workers
• Gender
ADVANTAGES OF FARMER’S PARTICIPATION
• Economies of scale.
• Higher productivity.
• Reduced costs and increased efficiency .
• Building of democratic organizations to implement agricultural programs.
• More sustainable agricultural livelihood.
• Newly acquired knowledge and skills of the farmers.
EXTENSION TEACHING METHODS
• An agricultural EXTENSION WORKER, also known as an extensionist, is
a person who is responsible to extend knowledge, skills and technology to
the rural farmers.

EXTENSION TEACHING METHODS are the ways or techniques used by an

extension system to influence its target groups.
FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN SELECTING
TEACHING METHODS
1. Nature and complexity of the subject matter.
2. Changes expected in people as reflected in the objectives.
3. Extent of learners knowledge and/or use of information.
4. Number of people to be reached.
5. Status of people to be reached (econ., social, education).
6. Relative effectiveness of the method.
7. Manner in which methods selected or used complement each other.
CLASSIFICATION OF EXTENSION TEACHING
METHODS
An extensionist uses different extension teaching methods in order
to reach as many rural farmers and citizen as he can and thereby, make
them engage and participate to the extension programs.
Extension Teaching Methods are broadly categorized into three:
1. Individual method
2. Group method
3. Mass media method
CATEGORIES OF EXTENSION TEACHING
METHODS
1. INDIVIDUAL CONTACTS – the most universal used extension method
in both developed and developing countries.
• Farm and Home Visit - Farm visits are the most common form of
personal contact between the agent and the farmer and often
constitute over 50% of the agent’s extension activities.
• Telephone/Cellphone Call/Text or through Letters
• Demonstration
• 2 types Method demonstration and Result demonstration
CATEGORIES OF EXTENSION TEACHING
METHODS
2. GROUP METHODS – are extension teaching methods wherein the
extensionists are discussing and communicating with a group of farmers to
address the issues of mutual interests and concerns.
Example:
• Lectures - is an oral presentation intended to present information
or teach people about a particular subject, for example by a
university or college teacher.
• Meeting - An assembly of people, especially the members of a
society or committee, for discussion or entertainment.
CATEGORIES OF EXTENSION TEACHING
METHODS
• Field days/Lakbay – aral – is a planned and visit of a group of
participants to a specific site or sites for the purpose of obtaining f irst –
hand information about an organization and its services/products.
• Seminar – Workshop - is extensively used in the training of extension
personnel and local leaders who participate programs.
• Role playing - method of adopting roles from real life other than those
being played by the person concerned and understanding the dynamics
of those roles. It offers an opportunity for practicing skills in ‘’Doing’’ and
implementing
CATEGORIES OF EXTENSION TEACHING
METHODS
3. MASS METHODS - used to address a mass of people. This is very
effective for the extensionists to deliver the information however, the
inquiries and concerns of the audience may not be heard.

Examples:
• Campaigns
• Print Media: Leaflet, Bulletins, Newspaper, etc.
• Broadcast based
• Indigenous folk media
• Modern information technology
Farm and Home Visit
Group Methods
Mass Media method
Prepared By : Group 5 – BAT 3C

Members:
Aguirre, George R. , Jr.
Gaboyo, Promise H.
Jeniebre, Mae Antonette J.
Lasala, Aisel A.
Oliquino, Jimelyn