1.

1 Prime Numbers
Sieve of Eratosthenes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Sieve of Eratosthenes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

These are the prime numbers between 1 and 100

Sieve of Eratosthenes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a. Smallest prime no.? 2

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 b. Largest prime no.? 97
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 c. How many prime no.? 25
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 d. Is odd no. a prime no.? No
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 e. Is even no. a composite no.?
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Yes, except 2.
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 f. Last digit of a prime no.
greater than 5?
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
1, 3, 7 or 9
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Worked Example 1
Determine whether each of the following is a prime or a composite number.
(a) 387
2 : 387 is odd, so not divisible by 2.
3: 3 + 8 + 7 = 18 which is divisible by 3.
∴ 387 is divisible by 3.
∴ 387 is a composite number.
(b) 47
2 : 47 is odd, so not divisible by 2.
3: 4 + 7 = 11 which is not divisible by 3.
∴ 47 is not divisible by 3.
5: Last digit of 47 is not 0 nor 5,
so 47 is not divisible by 5.
7: Use calculator to check that 47
is not divisibe by 7.
11: Do the same.
.
.
∴ 47 is a prime number.
Practise Now 1
Practise Now 1 - Solution
a. 537

2: 537 is odd, so not divisible by 2.

3: 5 + 3 + 7 = 15 which is divisible
by 3, so 537 is divisible by 3.
∴ 537 is a composite number.

b. 59

2: 59 is odd, so not divisible by 2.

3: 5 + 9 = 14 which is not divisible
by 3, so 59 is not divisible by 3
5: Last digit of 59 is not 0 or 5, so
59 is not divisible by 5.
Check with other prime no. using
a calculator shows that it is not
divisible by any prime no.
∴ 59 is a prime number.
Practise Now 1 - Solution
Homework

Do Exercise 1A Questions 1(a) to (d)

in page 14 of your textbook.

Do it in an exercise book.

Take a photo of your solution.

Whatsapp the photo to me on 012-3038817.

Worked Example 2

If p and q are whole numbers such that p x q = 13, find the value of p + q. Explain
your answer.

Since 13 is a prime number, then

13 = 1 x 13 or 13 = 13 x 1

Given p x q = 13,
∴ p = 1 and q = 13 or p = 13 or q = 1

∴ p + q = 1 + 13 = 14
Practise Now 2

1. If p and q are whole numbers such that p x q = 31, find the value of p + q.
Explain your answer.

2. If n is a whole number such that n x (n + 28) is a prime number, find the prime
number. Explain your answer.