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 前 言

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 目 录

Test 1
• LISTEN ING ... ·······.. ··· ········· ······· ..········· ··· ··· ··· ··············· ............... ··· 1
SECTION 1 .................. ............... ······ ................................. ········· ... 1
SECTION 2 .................................................................................... 2
SECTION 3 ·······................................................................. ······· ..... 4
SECTION 4 ............ ················........................................................ 6
., READING ............... ........................................................................ 9
READING PASSAGE 1 ·.. ··· ··· ... ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· .. · ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ···... ··· ..· ·.. 9
READI NG PASSAGE 2 ········· ··· ······ ······ ······ ··· ······ ··· ······ ······ ··· ······ ... 15
READING PASSAGE 3 ....................................... ··· ········· ............... 23
• WRITING ...... ········· ... ······ ......... ··· ······ ...... ········· ········· ...... ··· ...... ··· 31
WRITING TASK 1 ............ ······ ...... ······ ······ ········· ......... •····· ......... ··· 31
WRITING TASK 2 ··· ······ ··· ··· ·.. ·.. ··· ... ·.. ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ... ··· ··· 32
• SPEAKING ······ ...... ··· ······ ... ······ ...... ······ ······ ··· ······ ............... ··· ...... ··· 34

Test 2
• LISTENING ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ···· ·· ··· ... ··· ··· ·· · ··· ··· ··· ·................. ·.. ··· ... ··. 37
SECTION 1 · ·· ..· ··· · ·· ····· · ·.. ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ...... ··· ...... • ·· ··· ..· ... ··· ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ··· 37
SECTION 2 ··· ... ··· ·· · · .. ·· · ··· ··· ··· · • · ·.. ··· ··· ..· ·.. ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ..· ..· .. · ... ··· ··· ..· ·· · 38
SECT ION 3 ... ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ·.. ··· ··· ... ··· ... ··· ··· ... ··· ··· · ·· ··· ··· ··· ... ··· ··· ··: ··· ... ... 39
SECTION 4 ··· ··· ······ ......... ············ ······ ······ ... ········· ........................... 41
v READING .................................................................................... 43
READING PASSAGE 1 ....................................... ········· ·······........... 43
READING PASSAGE 2 ··· ··· ··· ·.. ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· · .. ··· ·.. 50
READING PASSAGE 3 ·······.............. ······················................. ······ 56
• WRITING ··························.'... ........................ .............................. 62
WRITING TASK 1 ·· ··· · · · · ··· ..· ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· · ·· ·· · ··· ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· ........· · · · ··· ·.. 62
WR ITING TASK 2 ··· ·.. · ·· ··· · ·· ... ··· · ·· · · · ·· · ··· ··· · .. ·.. ·· · ··· ·.. ·· • ·.... · ·.. ··· ·· · ..· 63
• SPEAKING ··· ·.. ·.. ··· ... ···..· ... ··· ... ··· ·· · · ·· ... ·..... ·.. ··· ·· · ··· ... ·· · ··· ..· ··· ··· .....· 65

Test 3
4P LISTENING ······ ········· ............................................. ...... ········· ······ 68
SECTION 1 ··· ··· ..... · ... ··· ··· ..·......... ··· ··· ...... ·· · ... ··· ··· ............ ··· ··· ... ··· ··· 68
SECTION 2 ...... ··· ...... ··· ····················· ······ ······ ............ ········· ········· ··· 69
 SECTION 3 ··· ··· ·· · ··· · .. · ·· ··· ··· ··· · ·· ··· ··· .. · ··· · ·· ··· ·· · · ·· ..· ··· ·· · ..· ··· · ·· ·· · ··· ··· ··· 72
SECTION 4 ··· ··· ... ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ........................... ··· ··· ··· ... ··· ............ ··· ··· 73
• READING ··...................··· ··· ··· ··· ...........· ..· ·.. ··· ..· ··· .. · ... · ..... ·· · · .. ...... 76
READING PASSAGE 1 .................. ··· .................................... ··· ...... 76
READING PASSAGE 2 ........................ ··· ............ ........................... 82
READING PASSAGE 3 ··· ............ ······ .................. ··· ........................ 89
o WRITING ··· · ·· ·.. ·· · ··· ..· ·· · · ·· ·· · ... ·· · ·.. ·.. · ..... ··· ·.... · ··· · ·· ··· ...... ·.. ·· · ·.. ··· ··· 97
WRITING TASK 1 ··· ......... ·· · ·.. ··· ··· ·· · ... ··· ··· · ·· ··· ··· ··· ............ ··· ··· ··· ··· 97
WRITING TASK 2 ··· ...... ·· · ............ ··· ··· ... ··· ...... · ·· ··· ··· ··· ·................. 98
• SPEAKING ... ··· ·....· · ........... · ..... · ........ ··· ... ··· · ·· ·....... · ..· ........ · · ........ 100

Test 4
• LISTE NING ............ ·.. ··· ......... ··· ... ··· ··· .............·· ..................... ··· ··· 103
SECTION 1 ·.. ·· · ·.......· ..... · ... ... ··· · ·· ··· ··.... ··· .....· ··· ··· · ........ ··· ·........... 103
SECTION 2 ·....· ......... ··· ...... ··· · ·· ··· ................. · ..· ...........· .. · ..... · ··· ··· 10,t
SECTION 3 ··· ··· ..· ... ··· ..· ·............. · ......... ··· .....· ... ··· ·....· ..· ··· ..· ··...· ··· 106
SECTION 4 ·....· ........· ·.... · ..· ·.. ·.. ··· ..· .............. · ......... · ....· ........· .....· 108
• READ ING ... · .... · ..............· ........ · ..... · ...... ··· ... ·..... ··· ··· · ........ ·.. ·........ 110
READING PASSAGE 1 ..· ..· ...... ··......· ··· ·........ ·· .. ·.... .......· ......· ...... ·.. llO
READING PASSAGE 2 ............... ······ ............··· ......... ··· ............ ··· ··· il3
READING PASSAGE 3 ··········.. ······ ............ ······ ··· ······ ............... ··· ··· 117
• WRITING ··· ··· ·· · ...... ··· ...······ ··· ··· ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ..· ... ··· ··· ...... ··· ... ··· ...... ··· 121
WRITING TASK 1 ...... ··· ··· .....· ··· ..· ... ... ··· · ..... ··· ··· ·.. ··· ... ··· · ..... · ..... ... 121
WRITING TASK 2 ··· ..... · ·....· ..· ...... ··· ··· ··· ..· ·..... ·· · ..· ·· · ··· ··· ..· ..· ··· ·· · ··· 122
• SPEAKING ··· ...··· .. · ··· ... ··· ··· ··· ......... ··· ··· ··· ·· · .. · ·........ ··· · .... · ...... .. · ... 124

General Training:
- Reading
- and Writing
- Test A
• READING ··· ···...... ... ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ... ·.....··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ... ··· ··· ... ··· ·· · ··· ... ··· ... 127
SECTION 1 ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ... ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · · ·· ··· ...... ··· ... 127
SECTION 2 ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ··· ...... ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· · ..... ··· ·· · ... ··· ··· ·..... ··· ··· ··· ··· 131
SECTION 3 ... ··· ··· · .... · ..· ...... ··· ··· ... ·· · ··· ··· .. · ··· ··· ··· ··· ··· .. · ..· ·..··· ··· ..· ··· 133
e WRITING .....· ........ · ...... ·................· ........ · ..· ............ ·................· ·.. 137
WRITING TASK 1 ..· ·.. ·....· ··· ..... · .. · ... ·· · ··· ·.. ·· · ·· · · ·· ... ·· · ..· ··· · .... · · .... · ··· 137
WRITING TASK 2 .......·· ··· ··· ··· .....· · ·· ........· ··· ··· ··· ··· ·.. .... ·· ··· ··· .. · ·.. ... J 38

General Training: Reading and Writing Test B

• READING ... ··· ··· ··· ··............· ··· ...... ··· ... ·.. ··· ··· ......... ··· ··· ··· .. · ··· ... ··· ·.. 141
SECTION 1 ... ··· ... ··· ·· · .................. ··· ..· ·· .. ·· ... ··· ......... ··· ··· ... ··· ..... · ··· 141
SECTION 2 ··· ··· ·.. · ·· ..· .........··· ··· ...... ·....· ............ ··· ··· ..· ·........... ·....· 144
SECTION 3 ··· ..................... ··· ··· ... ··· ............··· ... ······ ··· ... ··· ··· ...... ··· 148
• WRITING ··· ··· ··· · ....· ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ··· · .... · ..· · .. ··· ··· ..· ··· ··· ..· ..· ... ·· · ·· · 153
WRITING TASK 1 ··· ··· ··· ... ·· · ..· ·..... ··· ··· ··· · .. ··· ··· ··· · ·· ··· · · · ··· ·.. ··· ...· .. ··· 153
WR ITING TASK 2 ··· ·······" ··········-- ··· ··· ······ ··· ··· ········· ··· ······ ······ ...... 154
Test 1
. LISTEN.I.NG

SECTIONl

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z.-' Jlt;r Jt:%mi9: ¼-lfL�F'llt�f' Be�tl2i!io
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membership n. $;911tf �, � In. �15} folly licensed ;Jt���.!} i.q:iiJ 1¥J

facility n. W:¼, �Ms option n. �'I 83��. �f-f{X
tennis court ixxJJ:Jt:tm scheme TI. i.-1·:JW; ¥m

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primarily adv. tl'�:lt, �;ljs:J:. annual ad). &� £8
badminton TI. 3J>j :'§J'Jjt subscription n. ��
vice versa &Zl)J'??.\ assessment i!l!Hi\'.;- {ti5E
11.
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keep--�t TI. {it� instructor n. tt'§ , ttJfili
judo II. �ilt trial n. W:� , W:ffl
yoga n. J't!g{)JO

soccer n. .IEilt shaping n. ��' �;ITT

season n. J¥* track and field BH�
check-in n. �iU:tl baseball TI.:ftf:.'t
rugby n. ;j!1!(t!\tf:Jt softball n. ��

cricket n.:!&f:Jt hurdle n.��

hockey n. dtl.ffi\J'Jjt referee n. �jl!lj
squash n. �f:Jt

1
 1. They've got a lot of facilities we don't have and vice versa. fl!!.111 ;ff" -ill§ 4\ ffl :i!.Jll ;:_t �-v.1 ill:.../;}., &.z # it o
Vice versatEJ.!.fils<J�!J!,¾"mfflttL1,P'fN.�{tl!.fl1&�a<J�f-&" o
2. We're currently running a range of yoga classes, too. �111 lsl ilt �,W. �- 7f.. 11] {1-J *{m,i,'jt� o ;ijl:,j;J 9" range�1f.
�fflj�jg "11Hfil", {9tl�n: This range of collection is of great SUiprise. i!,- .:f·. 11! il-J �t� i. il:A.:l:r--!- 7 o :!i3
jj,, runtEJlt'PJ9�PJ!V-J111ftff.jg "IEtEili:/'r", ]!!jg'i,1'J:IH/Jw.J:X.jg "fife.if", fff1Hm: Ifs challenging to run a
business all by oneself.
. , . ,
3. We'll also have a fully-)jcensed restaurant by the end of the year. 4 /.\at�1fJ ½� - � ,t �+'f .i1Hf•r �-·,� il-J
�Jr o Jlt�fully-licensedJJRJW1jg"=j=-�jf��" o
4 .... oh, no, l'm sorry, it's just gone up by £50, sorry about that... •./\, �F- � .t/!.,li\k, JJI!,,(£ ill< 7 50ft o go up byEJ9]f:,\l\l­
¾ '' ijfT $ j,'f'l" o
5. Well, that's Silve1-it's tl1e same as Gold except you have to pay a small fee of £ 1 per lesson for any you do
and you can only use the ccnter at certain times. JJ]>:itJU!l -f.-, � 7 .ft-� �.:f:-H I**� 'f •u ill:.:it� at fa)
fll�•]1r, -ill-t�½-tJl-#il-Jo
6. Well, it's still rather more expensive than I thought. of :i!. #ttMt.4t � � il-J-J!t-i-¥ J, o rathertEJ.!.fil��.91 �f'Fffl,
·tl!'i'iJJ:.JJl'Jfar more expensive*:iMf:llii]�J'.!lf.,W- o
7. Ah, then the Bronze scheme would probably suit you best. JJ� :i. 41'} f.-Jli. � iili!¼1;r. o
8. We book you in for an assessment with an instructor, who will show you how to use all the equipment. �ff1 ½
�f.t.-ffit9-+�i¼.ilt.fti31hR.. -/i!!.½¾-ifFf:l:,t-:i. ft! fo)j-*{1-J �;tit o book sb. in :t?f-jg"1hcA-lt; El!W', �J�□,
You will be booked in at a really fancy place.
9. I'll give you his direct line number. �½t•:H:j,-j1l!.{t<J A.t! "tA!!i o direct line �::h"!ii::ll�", ?t-:tJLjgextension o

m I ~4»J.i�f�t./tSECTION lJftU:m�, �1E/f:tf-�*• {E!,':!:l:£1).l T!f'frl.%ti11'f,@, o ��*□ *lm�tfi?,!U!i��

�rffii!iHif.@, o Jm § r-p�.t,\rm,�;1$A�{j§j,@�:/f�!JJc'f-Kingswellf:19, f.@.;trnil!Jr¥1J�tennis court;ff:l footballW¾
:!i3-* fll!� r.p,C,,tlFF'fEl<J o judo ;f□stretchjj=:;r-}%��, IJ;I JJft!!.1f]:fl).ltE;mi£1:;(if:J:JH!t, ffif�soon, BIT J:J�tE�t'J<:; ,R
;;ff yoga, Jt r.p tlj :£1).l 7 relax after exercisemmJIIJ 7 �4�:lmi'F r-p a<:; restaurant, ��{IHH'J jg (a) salad bar.
�5~8/ill�jgff-¥/fil, �P�l!:.=f'f1 �1ii]�.in B<J�W &i-1i1ntH�J!H1<.Jll.J-laJ, FJTJ:J � ili�if-� lii]��fj§j.@,o
{§_/fil § 9" s<J�$¾f.lcJ®i/f. �:\ �s<J, 1151.1JtP.frA�-�16·1:11l:* o �S;®i i1��·m ���Jf�.\i!-1tIE, oh sorry;tFojg.iEfeffl
fiL@,o ffi8:lmi�JH}ft!fjoining fee;filannual fee, ilu#:1-J''A�if'. Fo;/J':1-J"1¥-·Vf' o
�9, I0/ffijg5c)i'<;'i:iJ-=fo �9/ffi/fil'F"F1 ::l·\:JJJ\7@:JC�B9joiu. :$If�*• fE!\'m�i'.±�assessmentH<:i:t-lt�o ffi
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ruvenden City Theatre 11!tlffitl�{�jr:£\�, .@tl:J:mifJi�;tl::;)c�4¥" Jn. tt§l: T �:li!!.11/ttit!. 'El if1*iiI o *iJiPHiitb'liU/1J
:J:m:m:AA�1t,FgifJ�AflL ij[l* ,&;Jf.ill!_,Fg�-$J:�ifJxt(m1f��lnJ:ui:!B-tfaJ� o ;(£�00, �?J{tl:\11HA.��1f �J!f
i��(high culture), �0Jf.!li!tm-·Jilttt�;Ht�J£iJl;tJ:�ii!J!.'.;ft.WI-JWlti::fi, fE1t1t01miJ:1$J{:&� lttltjHi\'.J!fi-f�o

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redevelopment n. {l};lf 1,t wheelchair n. �tfu"J

foye� n. n ff ; :it}ij lift n. 1�.f:i'J
repainted ad). :i:AA.lutl�ifJ performer n.*��
box office ffi�5lt backstage n. }§'(,
reorient vt. :m:JE1fffi: convert vt. ....i& �
�m:
-··
access n. :ill:A; airy adj. 2'.�;EJE B9
pr�mises n. @��11[,&flij � :1$J:itl1. electronic adj. it!.!¥J
suitable adj. if.ill! if) , 'lit � if) lighting n. !ffl i:J,EI
audience n. xl\1.A install v.:ti:�
auditorium n. P)T f).ff!; , xl\1.Am' experiment n.��
leg-room n. .@lH�fl'iiJ (t{J!£ � curtain n. �1j]' wm
stuffy adj. 1:c.3if); z.lJ;/i:if)

corridor n. :it/Im lines n. �i,1]

costume n. �Jt/J�
supporting actor !Jg ffc:lfl

Jt 7js:. ffiJl,Ui fiilf-:f'fr

1. The first thing people will see when they go in is that the foyer has been repainted in the original green and
gold. A.1fJ:iH:;lf<.l':J.,f, i-� j1J Ii'� Jl :k.fritifj}-�1J-,i'r h\!\t. t,,�P,i:-� 0 original-!W:11Ul.!llm � "JJJl)l!:ifJ' .OOt,fl:
a�
a<J", ffii.2(1:1,JJllU;lik "AA "iir, Jrr!, o
2. Then the box office has been reoriented, with its own access from the side of the building. it ��-il!...lt.t� T {t
.i.., M..,tt�1ll•]!ilaf,-:J.Ji.#J�:i& o reoriented{E2f;:1,Jr:j:i*-itB9�}rr),PJV).ffl situated;fil located�� o J37'!-, :(£
ffl,frrJ,;lji;it r:j:i:iI #�orientation, 'f::-%1:m��;Jf�J§'m-JWJ i.J:��m$:fif-:!JH191l-!BW� o
3. The shop that used to be in the foyer, which sold books and CDs, is the one part of the redevelopment which
isn't yet complete. /!f.;if;.$.:k.JT 'F #-��CD� i8i J;!;�Jl �JtalJ--lljl,t, 1!1. lil ,ilf.if.i.lt�'.it..:r.. o ye�Jf-; "f§.
¾ , � 1m" zj[ o
4. We already had a few seats which were suitable for wheelchair users, and now there are twice as many, which
we hope will meet demand. � 111.:t.. ,iif � --'ll:?i!¼�#i-1.t.lfl ¼� Hi,,0., J�$, '8111 � lt.i:JlbJ'Ju T -,fg-, .rdn
·�l$.���}t 'I; >"Ka
5. The small, dark dressing rooms we used to have have been converted into two large airy rooms, so they're
much more comfortable now. .i±-¼ f,FJ �, �;l,J, aiJ .Jt.;t( :£�$.;/Jtr.l439 il>9 fa] ?i'. � ifrj'Ht llffi! � :k.& la] o

3
 convertft"B.lO!"iJJ:llt..R fjl§ EB 1],B.l(�.¥.:k, im�f'i� EB j(�;J,, 191HH-1collegerJJ v,,(convc11ed to university, {I§.&
z.9llJ � Jtt:v. o
6. We've got a very exciting p roduction of Peter Shaffer's Royal Hunt of the Sun, which is currently touring the
country.� "f :il?-.J¼J:.¾J:.i1fafJ ,l.£,fl.1:- 00 ilti'.iii<f.JPeter Shaffer l'l� Royal Hunt of the Sun o

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r

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part-time ad}. �9Rff<l qualified ad}. 1i�:tt\-ff<J
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integrate V. ?-i' ITTi :j-J-; �it journal F
II. tJ/ f➔]
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presumably adv. 11£jjlHt!i, ®JE:!t!i cassette n.�m'
refectory n.
'frff, �:!it manual n. .:f-il/]-
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in advance •mr laptop 11 •
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4
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diploma n. �{il optional course :i1i;ffW

*ffil ; ii·t1J &,{t•

certificate n. iiE=t5 mandatory course
prospectus n. 45 thesis/dissertation /l, ·Vt::Jt
t
seminar n. -lvfi: � tutorial rt. ( � !}iji�@i(ll,J )itil'.:IM!l
:vorkshop rt. **:�IMH-tit- field study �;;:J
essay n.i:'t::Jt defend v.��t
assessment n. Wfti presentation fl. it)( �5.£

I. We prefer to integrate reading with the course, so we don't give out a reading list in advance. A 1n Jt;:q;-�;j-e. J)l:J
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:/1.Hllio
2. But would it be possible to sit in on a teaching session, to see what it's like? �t� -iA. g.li'- Ti ilt, � :lt- r Jl1t
:i.t+-=r-�w? sit in*ff,":®=1m", ITTiEfilii'.J{Jft-imoni;,l#B'h"&teaching session a
3. Provided you warn the refectory in advance, it won't be a problem. J; �-ft-�•¾�� fr , YA'..�½� i"l ,ijj_ a
providedif ii] 9·' B'-.7 ,I=§� :ttl �=fas long as, #!Hrl Provided you pay us by the end of the month, I promise we
won't take legal actions.
4. Then she's eligible to join the nursery, which is supervised by a qualified Nursery Nurse. /ljl :i. :k\l!. of �;.t # ,(I.#,
JLf!ff, ll�..2�-t .:lkfr-;1:fc�½,i!!!.#M!. 0 be eligible to do stl1. :t}:J::r"mii-=f" 0
'f '" ;i:ni
5. The centre has a lot of reference materials, and staff qualified to give guidance on a one-to-one basis.
f�*##,��4f ♦ .:lkfr-J.or��ff-�-ff�fr-Jl�a �S:�55�iJ����#���
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head V. :tJl•··"•jEti economically adv. f.£rkt�
livestock 11.�N alternative ft. ill;:J;'i,
feed v.11/:!ff marshland n.ffl�
invasion n. f�P� drained adj. EJff:7.KffJ
tribe 11. fflll'i port n. Yi □
leather n. HZ.�. EVJtJrfli poverty n. it�
conquer v. 1il:nli! , %Mll suffer v. :tfr!f!;i
prosperous adj. �JR ff] , �fl.I El'9 appalling adj. � A. =§•t.Jl'!f'Ji¥J
restriction n. ISJrl.111� sanitary ad}. ]!� El'9
n. ffMIE 8"J A n. -Oilf', J%-;g.
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newcomer tenant
merchant /l. it'li.A. landlord II. )�·_:E,
money-lender /1, fM'M;:.,,A_, 1M.:E elecl:ticity 11. It!.
dock n. fjf:l-j:\'.½ implication n. '@;':(ff:, �ti\f
construct v.�:i.1lt.�N nutrition n. 11fff

lifestyle 11. �r.sn::r.t primarily adv. !!i*M, :roitJJ±I!!.

�du�try n. I.ill!., i"'".ill!. particular adj. �§JIJ_�
-
cattle /f1lf retire v. 退休
coastline n. �)$� vital adj. 致命的，重要的
downside n. �r}}, tr-9± cultivate v. J;)ii�
afford v.fJ.t:!'lH�® nourishing adj. f-f 1,rff 1¥.J

6
 I. Back in the first to the fourth centuries AD, when the Romans controlled England, London grew into a town of
45,000 people, and what's now the East End-the area by the river Thames. and along the road heading
north-east London to the coast-consisted of farmland with crops and livestock which helped to feed that
population. -!,..'- jc,li!Hi.f./,-.'- n.A-t!Hi, � '5 J!i -t OO #t.ii; ���at , 11?;-J/l�/kA 1--t--1/ll�4 7iS-t A.f11J.JA
tA, -itt.t:1V.!l!.4'-f11J 101.t if. lR. o 1-e:-rt t IR {i. --t !-n¼-±-5.YJ!ff:ia., nr �11?;-:Vtiidl'.. k 1f;J hiJ -!,..'-!It- 1Li.ffi. ,f;J �)f, ,(f.
���»�.-#1�-¾�tatA.�M���f11J�A.
2. 1n the eleventh century, in 1066 to be precise, the Normans conquered England, and during the next few
centuries London became one of the most powerful and prosperous cities in Europe. ,tl:.11-llt-fi, �.sRJ +JJ�il,
.;t,tE. 1066.if-, w� �A.1i .!i 1
,tE.4 T :J!!;.f11J JL-t--llt-� 'f, 11s¥k.h\.5lJ 1 iEi:}>� iiUi :k.:f" 1'1l iH�:
*��o ;jf �n�
z-o *$�)d�J.!l\4-�l!�.A.. 1066<¥.J§, �OOx;J-��� >l.:itHrT ...t.s&fa<Jt.fcrii, Fl3.l tl±lJ:J.\1T''Efffo
兰 l
i'&qi." tJ.���zfsJ �4-fril+r-:t:E ff1aicxt•l'ilf� o
3. The East End benefited from this, and because there were fewer restrictions there than in the city itself, plenty
of newcomers settled there from abroad, bringing their skills as workers, merchants or money-lenders during
the next few hundred years. 11?;- ¥k it- -!lfl ,t lt -t iH:, , ,7ii JI. � Ji!!.fr-J Hl �J -1h9:. � 10:R i/f P'l J, o it J, A.,tf. 4 T * fr-J
JL-t-ilt-�'f�®�:J!!;.�I�&.�1A.,.A.4���½.
4. In the seventeenth century, the East End was still a series of separate, semi-rural settlements. ,tE. t 7-llt- i:c.., 10:R
i
?t-�11i t.-!Ut.-:l�::i$i-ieta!J, -f 31 #ilH} �&1i.�. i!lra<Jseparatei:iJJJl!ffllfc:1-J''��B'f'. semi-1fti!Ml lJvtq:i
X1-J"¥", {;"a:tm¥llil.D�4:!ili�semi-skimmed milko
5. There was a shortage of accommodation, so marshland was drained and built on to house the large numbers of
people now living there. JJJI at{i..«J :Jl--t- §. :k.lr!J i"l �, � i<l:.ir¼ if-�tH,b-t ffl :Jl!;.�:iit& )1.., Y-111�I lr!J 11!:. j,
.A..�1# 11i.!tJ:.. Jl:!:/aJ1=1:ia<Jhouse:1gigjiilJ, lll!�f-�1J":1g---···:J:!H!Hl::!ll:".
6. Those who could afford to live in more pleasant surroundings move out, and the area became one where the
vast majority of people lived in extreme poverty, and suffered from appalling sanitary conditions. 1)J\ � �t � ff!
���LM�1i.�-�A.-kT.�-t-�IR.AhTa�@A .�/r/J&ft�,*41:.a?�lr!Ji±A•
il-'};J;j-J.It.
7. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, and they had to be housed. Ii��� ffi {J-/J :ft>±
;�:iit�/to-/JA.;/t�I /r/J 1'ft;fll,½•l1l31 ii:J!!;., ,Iii ll.-feffl.Jk, f; �� Jil!.�1i. o
8. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that was the major concern for tenants and
landlords alike. tj-,% /f-7.l&.:t-:Jl!;.-iit., � "!" �a<J laJ -��i.lt�&-f-, r1ii ::,�.;l&-f-n'l +.#"l(Uf-J" 0
9. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used, like coal for the fires which heated
perhaps just one room. n�at 1tl:Y � &-=r- fir.ffl J:. �, i!J i<l:.-lt;;J,•J m -A-fMt ii.it, f,,J-./lu A. fn m !'$.#:..�- ;k_, -/Jl1)J\-ik,
I'- �r,;JJ----i'-& 1•11#1Ji o

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1EW-xi:p¾JflltJ.!ll, �.�1Er:tiu1-�tlfl<JP-J?e!*�"��tEJJ.il>Cq:J:,HJN'R'�. i!f,lt�>Jt�1::n��f£HllfMi"fq=i
rt.J�,1'..•1,iiJ]jUl;:i/iJl�, 1'ftf:U}j'a{J:.ti;@ 9:i�tl:J'l9'!:�DZ.J.i!Z o

Situation Tapescript
Produce from the area was used to feed the people of ... consisted of farmland with crops and livestock which
London. helped to feed that population.

7
•
 Situation Tapescript
I New technology allowed the production of goods made The technology they introduced meant that metal and
of metal and leather. leather goods were produced there for the first time.
Lack of restrictions in the East End encouraged the The East End benefited from this, and because there
I
growth of business. were fewer restrictions there than in the city itself.
Construction of facilities for the building of ships In the sixteenth century the first dock was dug where
I stimulated international trade. � were constructed.
And in the late sixteenth century, when much of the rest
Agricultural workers came from other parts of England
of England was suffering economically, a lot of
to look for work.
agricultural workers came to...
---------
There was a shortage of accommodation, so marshland
Marshes were drained to provide land that could be
was drained and built on to house the large numbers of
built on.
people now living there.
... and the area became one where the vast majority of 1
Inhabitants li\'ed in conditions of great � with
. _ people lived in extreme �. and suffered from
very poor samtat10n.
appalling sanitary conditions.

ffi 38~40/m :,._, � ;j$:Jm o ;It r.p , ffi38im a<JovercrowdingtEJJilJt 9� a<)*�:,._, crowded; � 39/Hi J2\;)'.]l r.p A9
heating-ii/Jtl:Jff:Jt r.p j;Jheated perhaps just in the room o x!E,�tE'fffi40�, :i!;J]lF!'l{Jpoor standard oflivingtE.@:
Jt i:J=1 �f-ilsl.>l ii'/J�ml, ffl.J:f:J:J:IM���f?.tAJ �1i:±I��, � :,..,j3 ,i� JL1-�t»it£Jtr.rm:;jl:i9:f-i7'J;lL

8
 REAl>IN{;

READING PASSAGE 1

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CS:.: i/'k ..Jbw11Jiltt,,41-tJk:$i--tfr
E-R: 4't-tJkir-J�f.f-S.Jll
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D-l'l : :fk ..-fij iJ]lj ilt :f'P 41-ilk §;-- -l/f ir-J �1,,J
F.ft : ;,- of Ji..%'] {r-J A-1/1

fair ad). �JiA-9 pro_ n. ll,'lil!,:@;f) ffi.

demolish V. ttr.u&; �tr-' �tr­ un�e_r th� �¥� _of :t£ .. · · · · B-96:�'"f
rival n, �$-:1f,
·· ·- ·-
�I=f body n. ftl � . t!L¾J
seeming ad). *ffii..tA-9(:lm'/it�FJ!rult) finance v. �··. ··•m��Jt
ease n. �!/JljJ, �t� excellence n. i!t%' , .!j!�
extensive ad). r-rzA-9, riv.&ffiir-a� intensive ad). il!iHt �
underpin V, V,J.••····:1:/ffilm£?il!J nutritional ad). if��

centre stage i:p,(.,:lt!?,iiL squa�h n.��

collaborate V. �f')o instrument n. -!Slfi, ,n�
golfer n.:JTiti�x��A ethereal ad). �A-9, 5l$1J�-f;JJ�!Ws�__
BMIIJ
come down to ( sth. ) i:iJ Y3 ttf :1:1 wire-frame ad)����
second-by-second '&tll� slice v. :lWJf; -IJHf
output n. t� -·t±l slow motion 11;/Jf')o
wring ... out of Ii.JU:( :1:/ill, �Ilk, Jlt!ll: ':ii $ 1J side-on }A{J!j ffii
1A · · · · · · i:p C �:i:!� tJ )�1i stroke n. :!Wro, tJ7J<
tweak v. m, ffltJm spine n.1H.t
world-beating ad). *ttl:M\i 13 B-9 swivel v. 'Jifi!.!ili
prototype n. .DJ(� biomechanical ad). �1o/.JjJ( � )A-9

9
 profile n. JiRSl.J;Jtt.®, 1Ht. J.l:t:91:� velocity 11. :itl!t, ii$
J;J�:@ lap II. -lffl
budding adj. aJl 9" 89 spit out 1iR Sl £ ll± ili , Jlt 5/F;, I $ J;J .ll1 jr-
frame :1. ljIJtr, iii!iffii 1:l:\ , :5H.fr tl:\

IWltAH
j
turn time tft!�]'El; i'a] immunoglobulin n. :%15E�ffl:E]
unobtrusive adj. �JllU!la<J, �M § f!{J present adj. :{f;(E f!{J
sensor n. W�r.-� saliva n. llj�
embed v.19!t/E)q i9!ftx.A ease v. �f2. ��ij
sweat v. ilif . afff
remarkably adv. liVi:itl L sl ),J± §:II!!; ��
experimentation n. �� , W::!J& '/lr:11!!
immune-system :%:ISE��fj{J

complex adj. ���f!{j transfonn V. ��' !ft�, pj(�

championship n. jjif�� arguably adv. iJJ ii:iiE:11!! C iJJ �Ht :II!! ) • �
gear V. ifnl�, ( i9! )m1t l1I! EEi i.JH!!z
segment n. 'ffl�:$1-

1111111
unveil V. �jr-(!frf-'£);
-- - - JBf
-
altitude tent �JiRqijf:�
coolant-lined im:�:@W:� replicate V. !!lfiij
endurance n. fut;IJ ; P.J, f!ff )J encompass v. 1:!l:�-�'§,m�$ ¥-a
slice v. ��. �fiji

1. A lot of their work comes down to measurement-everything from the exact angle of a swimmer's dive to the
second-by-second power output of a cyclist.

�,!':-�:SC: ilf$I�1M�El.J!l.�jj!jfil, �:fil:�?g:'§.ffilAWf-W:jgZ)IJJJHfJ](a<Jffififfi:ffl)j]iU � fi$jgZ)IJ� &ttJJJ

$t1tr ili fj{JYr� fiffi 0

'£.·""",5
In Fi, .. ,:

come down to: Y3 � -Jg ; � El. If a complicated situation or probl,im comes down to something, thm is the
sir1gle mo�·t important thing
It all comes down to money in the end. �3 .:t!l.J1J � ' -+JJ :'Bjl � � ;i!J 4� 0

2. No gain is too slight to bother with.

1
�" 5°�::.t: �it$.z.vl!uNi<Jt&��ffiJ!§.J;J;t�.1J o
'"E.�"·,t;
tn i=i, .. ,:
( I) too ... to ll''Jffl#;;: *jr-��f!{J�5l.. i-fJ;J".::t···• .. [:JJ&r�6�" o :;j;:1iJi151il��. �f;511;J�no:a�-µ,J
frltoo ... to1'J:@mi tl:J 'li',il 7W�1¥.J�;,ffl, f;51JltJHMrtl:� o iJJ �j.ffl:!J.s"frt :fB. lf .iE "f!{JJiR!il1J1I�� @:'P) Im
��W�l¥.l�.ID, ffrlfil!mo

10
 (2) gain n. �1i
CD [ C) an advantage or improvement, especially one achieved by planning or effon
@ [ U&C] an increase i11 the amoulll or level ofsomething
@ [ V] financial profit, especially wizen this seems to be the only thing someone is interested in
The party made considerable gains al local elections. ii '.lt v� ..(U!!,::'5" it.4- 'f �{lJ--i4- l :t1) J.t o
( 3) bother v. � jJ �: to ,nake the effort to do something
CD (not) bother to do something
He didn't bother to answer the question.
@ (not) bother about/with
He didn't bother with a reply.
@ (not) bother doing something
Many young people didn't bother voting.
don't/didn't/won't etc. bother
'Do you want me to wait for you?' 'No, don't bother. '
Why bother to go abroad when there are so many nice places here?

3. You design the model to make that time, ... A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast,
with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.

� �ff Jt: .A.ffJiJ/:H-#m:i:tk--lit�JffiWHJ{Ji!fi, -�m:r.U�5:E T /:H t.tBtiaJ a<J*�, '&IX�1J7Jc (!{Ji!$, -�

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:i:t "rM'ffiWJ a{] at i'aJ , J!Jt � o
i#�,1.'l:
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CD frequency of
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Questions 1-7

• l,!§�ru!: MATCHING
• »11! 13 mm=
imJi½ �fu:ffil Jtlfl�mlr.a
exchange of expertise, B./&: , ..and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research
between different sports/ centres. AlS scientists work across a number of sports ...
I I
collaborate, across a f/fil'f J:Pt!f iti� la]*ff ®i:b.ix;a{J� .ill!.1miJl3'.l:vitiE:iltiFU�Jt 9'1 ��la]*lf 4i
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11
 a� �fu:ffil Jtlfl�mlr.a
Cl3l::: ... shows off the prototype ofa 3D analysis tool for studying swimmers.
2 visual imaging/3D, image / It collects images from digital cameras ...
imu•-=f 4' B9i!il�:md�i'iJ !V-1��� tta1J£�Jt i:p 'x;jrE. Er'J3D;fildfl o
Brul:: We can't waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions thatJ
don't help the coach work with an athlete...

3
a reason for narrowing/
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�t1]�1
can't waste time
•'xtm.�H'xt-=f1iJr�•§a<.J�•••o
TIPS: :i±riJ !V.imi:tmi §i:p l'J<Jresearch activityliff§Im;JJ�J.ij(Jt 9'189scienlific,
questions;f4� fiijlffifeffriJ-.J!Jf5:E {l"'l i'J<.J fS!Jrt. o
---------------,
AJS ideas reproduce/ I FIB:/:: Of course, there's nothing to stop other countries copying ...
f�ilJAJS ideas;E'.{i1.ilJ:m:.1§-·.§!:, lt2i-=f i:J=i R9reproduce•� %11 a<.Jii:.�, z)§
4 I copying
从文章中发现句子有复制copying，即可以直接定位。
DIB!:: ... to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor I
that might have an impact on an athlete's a bility to run.
Ob stac le, investigated/
5
impact, monitor
■
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thousands of sportsmen and women.°
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6
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, . . ,,,
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7 using �ata, well before a
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后
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�i5l�f.u��.$t;fj%:JX�1 @ § • fll-%r1Utfil!B § o

Questions 8-11

• IW§l�lli/: :fr�Al.fil. Classify Jm-=f]!jcj(;J-JJ1l o

• @§f{p'(.tfr,
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12
 �§}I) �fli'],�;
A 单单只有澳大利亚人目前使用的(currently, exclusive)

B I§! ::fc;fi) ilf A¥]'-�:(:E**flffl� ( in the future )

C l!l:x;t1Ji!f.A.::f1lftkff1B<J�$:'j!flfliETT1sl:'.J=l'l(!J(currentlythe Australians and their rivals)

imJi½ 答案 :x::i:rxtmz,� im�M!HJf

digital cameras是对应词。而前一句已经提到该系统
C段：...SWAN system now used in
已广泛应用于澳大利亚各项全国赛事之中，而没有
8 A Australian national competitions. It collects
提到其他国家，因此可以判断应该只有澳大利亚人
images from digital cameras.
在使用。
找到相同对应词sensor，读其前后的句子，发现有
D段：...With the Cooperative Research Melbourne，断定是澳大利亚人的发明。之后要特

9 B Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, 别留心动词develop运用现在进行时，表示正在开

发;而且注意之后的定语从句采用了将来时，所以
they are developing unobtrusive sensors that
可以断定此发明还没有完成，应该属于将来的成
will be embedded in an athlete's... 果。因此选择B。

D段: … AIS and the University of 非常容易在前面第一句话中找到跟题目protein tests

所对应的词语a test ...protein。之后细读前后句，发
A
Newcastle in New South Wales developed
10 现后面一句话对于此项科技成果的受益者文章中只
a test that measures how much of the 提到AIS运动员，即澳大利亚体育学院的运动员，

immune-system protein immunoglobulin… 隶属于澳大利亚，所以应该选择A。

文章中很容易找到用引号括起来的题目中的名词短
语，因此只要细心读原句，就会发现开头的‘The
same has happened...’同样的事情也发生在……根
F段: The same has happened to the 据经验应该顺着文章向上追溯，发现跟‘altitude
tent’相同情况的是1996年奥运会上澳大利亚人受益
'altitude tent' developed by AIS to replicate
11 C 的流线型散热运动服现在全世界都在用。因此
the effect of altitude training at sea level. ‘altitude tent’也被世界各国应用。所以答案应该选
择C。且根据此段话大意可以了解文章只提到两种
研究成果被别国运用，即髙原帐蓬和流线型散热
服。所以可以间接判断前三项成果是由澳大利人独
享的。

Questions 12-13

• @.§�ID!: roJ�N! Answer questions fil·=f:t::x!.!l.N.fil o

• !m§ffiHfr,

13
 iffi� x: g:i :x-tJstz .� iffi§ffl1Hff
细读原文发现有单词developing与produced相对应，则答案必定是开发之
help an athlete 后的名词。
plan,produced/
12 prepare the athlete
by, developing

正确答案是（a）competition model
1996 Olympic Games¾--'1'-1�:!1Hr-JJE'Uliiu o
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1996 Olympic Games, sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists' and rowers' times. 1�-l;Rj]i",t� t:J tt fLl
-' _
13 :!llfrc'::--;z;-L..1..
wc.-ri=17JZ-o
cyclists, improve
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正确答案是(by) 2 percent/%

澳大利亚的体育成就

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behind the scenes :(:Efit !§- risk V. � ·• • "• • i'.!<Jflt�
innovation n. "i&1fi, fW� crane n. jfi\:JHJL
·-· ··· -··-····-· ···· ··-· ·-· ·-· ···- ·· ·- ·- -- --··- -····- · ····-·· ··

broadly adv. 1rz:lm capsize v. ( t#ffiflil )flii(ffl

containerisation n. ���"fHt adoption n.*ffl
intermodal ad). Jf;H;��tf(J dual purpose p;!jffl' �11:ff%-

.,..
- · ···· -· -

transportation n. 运输 loose adj. ��a<]

swift adj. 迅速的，快的 deck n. Ej3 ;t&
productivity n. �f= jJ , �f=$ vessel n.l,Ja

intensely adv. �?--�±ti2 haul v.11it�

dock n. -!ilb�, �!}� dramatically adv. 51.A.ti: §±t!1, !Ut±ti1
by and large .�s<J,!H>l(1A* 1Imi*;i, :kf* trackage n. W,;tHJt ill:� B!
_t, �Jli: ..L
··
�mi!il!) locomotive n. J<.$�. m*'!:f.
tariff n.*61.
restriction n. �&#itJ , t":1*

toleration n. if¥ P.2.

......... ·---·-····- · ··-·-· -····-·---···-··-·· ·-· ·-
, if¥il
···· -···- · •·· -- .............. ·- ...
monopoly n.�lt/i
anti-competitive practice Iii,�{p,:fj-1:, deter V. J!HJ.t

1. f:oreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world,
and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation's borders.

-��x:*oof'�A•�&oom•�mmM•a•••�ffi�.r���ri�����m��•.oo
�rr!f.t!!IE��c}J•JJ�@».*�W*•l'..'itrfli����rtilllml'f.J{d�o
r±: Jft1iJ-i!:.f&!'l--@-1iJ, '§.*-1-:@'.i!JA 'AJ o that J§ffii��ffiJA·'iiJ, �tflibusinesses o
':E."'=',';;
"J:n l=I �•., :

( I) play a role: .®ft::ffl

Genetics clearly play a role. :i!:ft �Ji#.,� i!.:ff W-J.::!f o *
(2) tempt: 5lm' to try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem attractive
He was tempted into making a false step. -!11!,;/;l .iJ I *.riJ1;1t 1 --f<Ht � o
( 3 ) beyond: im:tt on or to the funher side of something
Beyond the river, cattle were grazing. ,-1/!,:i:U•r 1]<-, 4 .{f. '1,.f. o

2. Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in shipment tie up working
capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages.

参考译文：廉价劳动力可以使中国的纺织业在美国市场具有竞争力，而一旦货运延迟占用了流动资

17
 it, #-�Wx�*�lL�*�,1-jg:Jt § Er!J±IB, }.JH,J!�3tM,¥t�;tc¾it5l�1:Jti\o
H:: Jlt�ir'AJ i:J:t1Q.1?�p;q,&**, ffi-.&�butlfr*ff- B�lffl1'r**, mi�=.&¾ El3 if sl �(8�{4:J;lc� JJ-_ 'AJ o
�tlrfi=*fil*lr�flf:**, f&Jlt�:5Hi!l'.±t?-:o

( 1 ) delay: Mii/R to make someone or something late

a. delay something until something
The opening of this section of the road is delayed until September_ i!Jli..i:Ji fiJ fr-Ht.;f; at faJ �;,Ufi�l1l
ft..}] 0
b. delay something for something
Our meeting was delayed for ten minutes. �111 {r-J ½iilii.Aft� T -t-7J'"{'f o
c. delay doing something
Big companies often delay paying their bills. :k,�\..,§j M�t;ftk.3t�f'l�.i:Ji�l¥- o
( 2) capital: �r" money or property, especially when it is used to start a business or to produce more wealth
The government is eager to attract foreign capital. .Jt)ft � � ':&3 l :!--ht o

3. Computer software can be 'exported' without ever loading it onto a ship, simply by transmitting it over telephone
lines from one country to another, so freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in
deciding where to make the product.

��if.X: i-r1-f:1'Jl$',,c{4fl'-J" ili Q "��::F\!W}��jg' irri�-OUlHiit ii!r�ilr.PJ J;J.tf�OOzfaJfW� 0 f&Jlt. ;{£�

�1litlrit:1!!1�M, mjg�ffitil:fi-�4?/J�iffJ*BnlZ:1:rx*��fl'-Jf&�o
W,�_1;\:
(I) export: tl:l Q to sell goods 10 another country; (Jj_) import: iii: 1:::J
The company exports tuna Lo the US. ¾a) foJ � 00 ttl o ;(i.*1L,
(2) transmit v. f��, !f!t:i2s
a. to send ottt electronic signals, messages etc_ using radio, television, or other similar equipment
The US Open will be transmitted live via satellite. !k. @l ii.<J Jt1,:--Jt .f.'1tll!ii±J!. £.:it fr JL.fi. o
The system transmits information over digital phone lines. A',. M.i&.iiM.:. � it +t�#-ft1t .to
b. transmit something (from somebody/something) to somebody/something
Mathematical knowledge is transmitted from teacher to student. 4't�f.\'.l-iY-.ifil.i±:t' 9iJi*;ltt¼� 1.o
(3) insignificant: x*��f.19 too small or unimportant to consider or worry about
You will realize that your problems are insignificant in comparison. ll!ii± tt. � 1;r, ½ $.. j: 1t- {r-J lvl M £ {f
.ftt -1' i\'._ it 0

Questions 14-17
I
• )W§�ru!: MATCHNG
• � § /fjlff)r :

18
 iffi� x: g:i :x-tJstz .� iffi§ffl1Hff
I.I:9: : Bringing these barriers down would help the world's economies
grow even closer.
f=I.1c�· iu II!-=f i:p fir:� rife (r'J at rsJ ii.J ":(£**" o il·tHt�� , riJ � *'IJE
J.ilZ�¾X�B�if!J§-¥1a
suggestion, in the future /would zm�JWFf9:ii':J':1XE{.1'l.iii'Jsuggestion*mJiiSl, i:EX:il;'rt.'i�$:5ta<Jfii
I 14
help )5-'A]i.!, riJ t:J��:iillf�ilJ't'. ;likf'l=:\1rx.J-rm:?£5
J)'i� 89-1'-Jli)l,
%�xtillL
.!iHl-:0::riJVJJltviH!i!, suggest� "�i-Sl"i.Jta<Jatf�Fo illl a<JJA1iJ!ili:tt
fflrni1tlit.fE{., mi would helpiE.1.lf:%fif a
�__t, ���13: o
FgQ: ... simply by transmitting il over telephone lines from one country
to another.
15 electronic delivery/transmitting 题干中提到电子式的传递，很容易跟文章中关于信息产业的F段挂
over telephone
�.zm�••*3:M=1iJ�•riJ����•ffflx-t!ili:a<J
transmitting .. : over telephone o f§!lt, ��¾F�"
E3: : ...manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger
freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than i
purchasing them on the domestic market.
l":5bJZ,@i*ffifillf �J�,�-, ®if¾ill."Jc�¾l1�iir¾OO pl;J 1¥1, tE
similar cost Abroad, local/ ���!jefJJl:f"µH�ffiili:nlt*a "i:l!�,lt¾ill.11p;]a<J�Wtr�1111,ia<JiliWu,Git
16
Singapore, domestic *�:zli:�'i=lW/J, lsJ�*� 11f���nlt* t�:tll1lta imX�lf1Jlt1iJ�a<J
J&:,�¾ "&n1!i!»-t1r-n
□ :!ltv1 □ lil<l(,m,::ggi;/J�rm�¾i:E 11 pgnf:l:mWiJ�.
B :zt;:�� 11�t 3'fiir'Wr1·M i't!Ji.t�t!LiM:o!i:lftifntll.��imx<t:f.t�;@j 1:1:l 1�
.
�B����l'f!" a Ji] VJ�tl:lftiJ�lftiffl�JIHt�H&�a<Jili�, .i:E:!!Hf!
�ff;l<§MJ.ili o f§JltJ.ilZtP,:-ji\;:Jt�o
D.@: : ...world output has shifted into goods whose worth is unrelated
to their size and weight.
-�r.i]"�fttt®if��ili-���-�-��-�ili-nlt*�*
Weakening relationship, value of
¥, f§Jltmtw�f-f½*�' riJ��5n�H1:�lj�J.ilZW:�:::iciltmlm¥.i!:M
17 goods, cost of delivery/unrelated
Jili:o
to
Z Fo glll w; ffi Im®: , 'it.. ml fi" W aA lfil. a<J M Jili: o fill -=f 89 weakening
relationship( �HtEf'�*¥), £liJtjµunrelated to ( �;!<§* l¥J )lHs �
-1'-�,[!. a t
� JJ:'Gr.iT VJ1i:i-Bifil±l!!�JUx- J.ilZ� � a

Questions 18-22

• fill§��: True /False /Not Given

• ■ § ffll'H1r :

*
'\8. International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy.

�5\fw::it oo � m � ttt!t���!1 {-t·1:Jc11tt o

----------------------1
JE'Uliii'l international trade, world economy

19
 Miffi*tlhiil at a greater rate
Afl!: : ... global economy has been ;xpanding at-a bit over 3-� year, the volume of trade ha�
been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that.
X*���
1��1ii'�L'lL twice¾R]III�, ;&ff-.:trade¾global economy(:J<jv;gffl, /YrJ:J.f.·tlJ@l�.fi$}!Htt!t�
I�tlrit-lf tlc1�$ ' iEY.JxtmL.tJE {lLWJ ;f'!l@'f 0

答案 TRUE

19. Cheap labour guarantees effective trade conditions.

1 -
���X- -1f!ffr%'�.1J�111T��B9.fi�ffi'� o
! JEf})j� cheap labour
�A!_!*fflr¥ guarantee, effective / but

B � : Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in
shipment... trade may lose its advantages.
JltA!!m �J it� flt 1i , iEM-cbeap labourffl iffJ-.f-t' o *
Z..1§" X]j'r� l\fiM.fiffr � � jJ -ft1l @I #i
t'U1:tE�®Jl.���jJ, fEl.�tl:��tfr� 'but', 1::1Jl!�,IG',2t1:.��o F□iliiB<.l'PJrliJ��
X*���

*
1:1:l, �U:!lHJl:�M-89, &At89:@lru, tl�-z..m'.�-tl!l)t;}(:� T ft� (lose advantages) o ffi!JltiEM­
l¾mtf-i: TA!!'f 9" rfifft 93'i9J .1J Mr m'. � 891%i.iE*� , II;! !ltn!'f J:.i X�B9 �-'!'-�fflr,f o

答案 FALSE

20. Japan imports more meat and steel than France.

*��x: 日本比法国进口更多的肉类和钢铁。

:J:E:fflim '.Japan, France

M�*tJhm Import more meat and steel
C@: : ... agriculture and manufacturing were the two most important sectors almost everywhere,
Miffi*tlhiil
accounting for about 70% of total output in Germany, Italy and France, and 40-50% in
I America, Britain and Japan.
' W.��xt'F B ;;ti:fnr¼OOtt-J��;filffl�BS:itt l:J :li:ittfi lt�o X:iJ*C�iEM-1fxtl.itrBS
f

�� fa B ;;t;:o mx• W.:Sl¾''.�� ;fa 1WH!bl1'.JL:P-1r ¾�:Im.HUI� 89� ::krr� • lt ttm: crffi
X*���
, :@'.::k;f!H-Or¼@l.�.ffit89�70%, ��&�00, �00*'1 B.;;t;:,�t':l.:8940%-50% 0
"tl!�J�
oo�s;;t;:$�¾��®••��at'•.liTx9"*m1f•&*r�•�m•�ill1:1M
l.l!il o ittn!H:,JlPl\!llYn!�:xtx, lz;JJttJ.i\Ii.tiz\;ffNOT GIVEN o
答案 NOT GIVEN

21. Most countries continue to prefer to trade with nearby nations.

*��x: 大部分国家都继续倾向于和邻国进行贸易。

:J:E:fflim trade with nearby nations

M�*tJhm most countries

20
 D-IB!:: Countries still trade disproportionately with their geographic neighbours. if X:.lik "i't 00
-03ft�:i:.�fii:(£Ej��i'.t9'.6'l�tl:*J::" 0

�·
xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra ;lit r.pgeographic neighboursEj nearby nationsX•J li1Z, still;fllcontinuei:lLxtJ-@: o 'OJT�,\l:l i:JL�flfilFf
:�.W-7i;�rwJit-, fE!J.LtJl.tJWi@:itr,:nl;�TRUE o
TfPS: �§J1Jm-�tl:�, l;slJg JltJWir.p"13"�mostl!-WJi.g., �,&i,!it���rem-=f ,G-fix.;!iki'(gx;f
-Jm�mi�:izl;JiltFAL
- -- SEo xtJ--'f-112:ttJm
--- § �J.illitr,:�,
-·-- -'f�fflttJ:5
-· -- o . -
L!_RE

22. Small computer components are manufactured in Germany

� -.. �� _: 1MrgFt!.H��fti=1£tiii��f'fliiJ:iilro
�uz. J _ sma ll _c�mE_uter components
W

M�*tJhm manufactured in Germany

@:* tt . mi:ttHiE@: m� i'.t9 {�-� . *'$5H� Ft!. /li&iWe{4 :

E@:: Most of the world's disk-driw manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia.

�·
xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra tr 5t� )E11, i'.t9 Ft!. n��{4 r-t im :t£ E fa F
z--ij!.id11:t£*1¥isit�f' o mi;lfm:�mtLlFt!.JJw�H:t£�oo�t:, E5JJ.Ltxi:lf'm:�m 1
-1 lJl.. ' ��Ft ;;Em��;i'.:(£:(rJ � �f' ;J \ i'.t9 Ft!.lmi::?{4 0 l2il J.Lt••m·��NOT GIVEN O

l NOT GIVEN

Questions 22-26

• � § �'Jj/ : Summary
• Jl°!7fli7f�:
1. xt-'f*�if,J$i'.t9surnmary, t1=P.f!'AtJ.!i'.:$�ffvt®ii'.t9 jl,jll;f, @:itr,:9c;fi-�·i,fJ$i:p i'.t9.WJ, *mPJ i:,).f!Jffl
WJJl'.r.p.WJ(tgWJ��***ili�@�o

��,
2.�mJ::-:klm�*i'.t9m�i3Ji:,).��*m§:(£)(���$* o
• ffil@ ffrHJr :
定位词 Jtlfl�mlr.a M�*tJhm

:tt.Htffil-=fifx "tmit:W!J&J�ifJjff!(!{j�n(rij", i3J!V­

��ili-•m•¾-� lt-Mai'.t9affi tt« WJ o
significant effect ZJEtti!JEEil:ff�'<iJ 'To see how this influences

** �
on, business of trade', i3 J l)J�:i1l�i]iJiJ::-IBl::W����1l:.Eii�
m : To see how this influ-
E .-.Jl
moving freight,, t11tr o Q5J .llt � business of moving freight
23 ences trade
increasingly becomes increasingly streamlinedX'J@: , mi Jl Wi �-µ;j
streamlined i'/:i-effectfainfluence*itffljl,j:�.:x.' E51.llti3Ji:,).z�
influences Elm�trade( �� )f1=1g3* o miffi-=fi,fj
)'!j;: r.1� .IE:!cf�trade-µ/J' PJ l)JJ!JJlz��-G 0

21
 �� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r
1ltliilHt, Jlt��J.)tJ:j'{:g_,-,t-�ioJ,fffifffi-=f�#ili�
-1-:/IHJ���:kiIJ!w.l 'for instance', -!Jll.-W!.a'�*-f9tl \
. . �, rrri.§.l!.t!iz.iliJ�computers i/t"i'iJ 121,�{l'z{EE�,
Ef;2:: ... m Japa n or Texas will
lzsl:;/:JEf.li:�,C,,.£-1--f§lff O Z.F□i$t:/��JilHl!!"iiJW$
computers, for not face hugely bigger freight /J:l)jiziffe:£�/fruB��Udiverso @¾ j
��ili;l]!![!_ffii
instance,/ bills if they import drives from ;(s R
24 tp ¥5!: f • im � � tm * � jl;1/j _�A<] w.l y[
overseas, rather Singapore rather than
componentso
than, local purchasing them on the
*•��-1-i'iJ121,mfi�-f.l'z®�•A<J�-f.l'z�.•·
domestic market. I

¾illl:u248:£FouifA<Jrather than, ��?t:ffr1�1±l;l:t i

t��WJ:jl/f¾overseas;f11local supplier, -ltHiZlitrI6 f
fffix;J--=f-E®:(J-9 Tffl!f, ·tl:!.r.iJ 121,]iJt�{iHUEf:il: I

G�: But, behind the scenes, ,!ttli:2#}liuffiifmintroductionr.iJJ;Jjft,1±Hifi�:J;il1ifB<J

25 introduction containerization and intermo- cargo-handlingJo.i zx- Jj)Z O

t
=
a series of technological I �-ftl 1jf?tg!Z.:jl/ffl/-@f .liltlll: o mHN!\%..t r>C;flliffi §
innovations known broadly as * � I,'), D.� uL -iii] =It itl {E G 6: � 1i] � If! , �
zs;gitl)N�* If! liP :;Jg
1
dal transportation has Jed to j]J;jftj jfi't;, �{Uf!i:@J1if;fi!$;i:.\'.;�;iE, ��¾ i'iJ 121,fJJ
swift productivity improve- �riunovations;filintroductionHt'i1.j Jjiz o fffi _§_��@:W:
ments m cargohanding. 跟container有关，答案应该填写C。

H fjt : National governments, .lf:!governmentr.iJ 12l.'1:Jc:il!IJE-f.l'z=fEH6:, TTIT .13.ffl.t\sa-=f

by and large, kept a much r.j:i ffrW? D. f8 domestic cargo sector Ti)' J;J ;fil truck and
26 governments firmer hand on truck and railroadx;J-Jjiz, lzsltlt��mt:(£J!'15Ji!lfl o :im:u?t:ffr,
railroad tariffs than on charges iW 13 �:£�JiiZ-Jt.J;i\1if"IWf1[£"A<J1€i'.fro WOO*$.
for ocean freight. ��f1£.®>C'15Jlflfi<Jtariffs(*f51, )o lzslJlt���:J$Ao

货物运输
国际贸易规模的巨大扩张应当归功于货运业的变革

A OO�MS.iEl2l.fflA�-OC���-o�Bftm���**••·�3%,fffiM&•A<J��-��**�
;,r �r
00 ri.: rfli J11J'-=f£ R:l- 00 t} � tllffiiJq{f n\t:hU:i:�A<J ff.J-@., f' r\'M11 Em i D.� �1jjtJ Jl, itl tJL
rWi :itJltltt::j:: A<Jili: WJfr§ o
��{)- o 00 :9prp:Jjrtf1.if :-(.f� 5 I 1'g)�@JA*,FI� �,C,,jt� 1\'b:(£ oo;,ptj!_j�A<j '.if:.\Jk o
B oo�--�-�-A<J.®�¾ft.z.�?lliM,JtJJ¥:�z-¾MS9£��ttt#MOOA<J•a•�.��*
&A<J��®:izt 1::J!Rt!DiA<JiiRl±l o 33-ffilzsl¾:;/:Jft��Sl.t.ma,J,OOB<Jt.2�:Jfti!(o ?tim, tf:lztl±l i::J f.l&�llf�
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t
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22
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1

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•�ill'.�1:.�•�m•••.���ffir�A��•••ili•�$�aili. �+•tt.ut:ili □ &Hmff•
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txili�JL-f--t-•• rfef ��•••oo- o
H •• ffi B �-i� ..t:iE�ff � 11-f:!1 �l0$flk iWi .El.�$ h �iii�fi �t , {§.·$ Jj'f �:iE tt .ijx; -�� !i!b� � tM� �
*
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*n!J.�f'•�H$mi\1li$E1i Te*a�Iilt�,. fYtl�Q, 19ss1¥�1996•1'aJ, •oo•�ili•�w.·�A�1nt:-e:m
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0

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READING PASSAGE 3

-(it.tit i51..i�X.
:EH �-!ii ?t:.1t..!,j m f.H.4tA.
�� M.lt: .jaJ£,�!:,�� .Jt •14� of.J.f-t'I' ea,mtt#A.�rr.r-���-�a/JLS
C.fl: �R't;'��{f.J ro i.!;1H4 D.fl: 1.n;-¾·% J'o *V-f. 111]#,�J'o
E.ft: ¾i!,1,.n;{f.J .ill im{J "f.J FR,�fu#A.�f-.tr-�a/J�i51..����4�t4
G llt : A.1f1 it T £r- �Jt aiJ iJ.... iJt -r '.$} ;ff Hl

23
 (J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

incident ll. �f!j: abstract adj. :tlk�a�

snowmobile ll. �JI!!,�$ shrink V. ll1{!fri

thaw 11.lil!t� ice-free adj. ;;f-l'fi;(¾(J

i_glo<> II. ll)ll lITT �111: knock-on adj. i&'fli� B<J
ins�latini;; adj. ��BY precipitation n.r�tl.](
permafrost It 7](.0,.(.ljcm:(;,.k.0-.l'Ji;±. ,i<..0-.l'Ji;:J:l!!.) canary n.���

urgent adj. �3.fla<J, jt�EJY, jt�.SY hard-won adj. x1H4JBY, *z:;r.;£(¾(J

- precarious a . .;;r-ref05:EBY; ��at autonomy c. El ?ii . El tiit!

threat n. �/Ill} lie in tE'f-

content adj. m])E� combine v.�'€l-
stand back :l!J§(titFAM, :;r.;1r A) ancestral a. 1El.ftJ� . -tll f1f �

vast adj. Jl}liJ at vanish V, tl��

_ P?lar adj. Wi��J, t&1!k(¾(J adapt to :ffi@
venture V. 'ilfl� cope with x,J-1-t<@f- , 1i!:Bi)
terrain II. Jfil#f Thule n. 15 A ffi #.f:rf tE -'f ttt.W. � t � (¾(J
meagre-
---·--·-···· ... ..
adj. !jl � , _;;r-)E ay OO*. ��tz:lili
exploit v. ff�. ff:j'f.j kayak n. ( �Wr¥�Affl � > &llJfl-
mammal n. Ulli!}lLi;IJ!fm sled 11. �lt1

descendant n.-f-11�. J§f't rely on 依赖，依靠

harsh adj. x&��; ��Ji'lt provision n. 供应品，必需品
H
indigenous adj. :;js:±� replace with Il t. �-·····{-t�
abandon v. 1$:_1:f- scarce adj. �z�,
_;;r-)Ea{J
nomadic adj. �1H:lci'IY

curtail v. #ii�. o�Y identity II, �{y}; *'Ii

ob�sity n. JJM1" , JJE:;ic depression 11. m�, ffit?HI£fi; tt1I�'lil:
diabetes n. ,)iffi<�

at stake :{£� ®: i:p ( �-=f �9& :;le� ) credibility II. r.iJ f�•!i
tease out �Jfil. �t.'±: consult V. �i,)l; iJ!f�
vital adj. .¥.���; Yf§!/Nfi(¾(] agenda n. i.>lff\
wisdom n. fJJ:l 'fil' 1¥Jfi ;:/;J ; 'fil' i\'. impinge V, ·ffHE
24
 occupation
onslaught
n. ciff
ll. i�ttr
... tremendous
capriciousness
adj.
12.
e:xat, W-A □9
fftt; �1!:
prediction n. fjjj°1f, ffi1oc

I. While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate -c hange, there has
certainly been an impact on people's health.

-��X:: ���-��m�TRffi�--.�ffiM,A_��&���e-9••��.@�M��e-9--�T
JdfJB-9��0
:li�
1-n r1,i.!
..1, ..

(I ) starve: fsf�jj:, •1'.'J.:WBt:

a. to suffer or die because you do nor have enough to eat
(i) Thousauds of people will starve if food doesn't reach the city. �"*it-� .tD ;;f- T J,,a_ rjf , JM. f- J: 7i 61 A¥f­
,t�JE, o
® They'll either die from the cold or starve to death ( =die from lack of food). #An ;;f }li.'!< JE.i.t.>l-M.JE. o
b. be starving: to be very hung,y
You must be starving! 1:i� -�)" ;t -ffi. T o
c. starve somebody/something ofsomething: to not give something that is needed
The schools are starved of funding. <Jf::tt ·t !k-1i:-�"
( 2) curtail: fcfiil$: to reduce or limit somerhi11g
(i) The new law will curtail police powers. I/Jr�1f¥f-i,(� -f �#J 14' jJ o
@ Budget cuts have drastically curtailed training programs. fffi. Jif.. �,J i,tlt;tll_:k.;fI.Jl�;A '.J,· 1 ;!¼-ill! >Jli � o

2. ln Nunavut's 'igloo and email' society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have
been out on the land, there's a high incidence of depression.

0 4'J if x: = :t£�gpJi\'/lt:tl!l.lK "[llilTm{lj(filJ1rF I! -=r-1111Wf:" tit:J:±ii,,i:t=1, ::z-ltJ: 1±EttEi'!Jcjgz. 1��. rmJet-=r-::tz:1nI!x1if.h,Ut:

?:il:1f¥1J!lff7'rft�/e\'EJ',J�)Jj", -tJt�:ifE!PJ)!��� o
il:: Jl:l'.:i'iJii°!i15°1fw-i1-J}da], -1-¾where5 l�F.J-9:1l!l,,�:jj(i'�J}v'a], J3-1-:filwho'31 �e-9�i¥,.M.1'iJ o

( I ) it!!,,ri,��i'I§-)},/ii] :
.:l!!!,,1��1:1-i-.M. 1,Jjm 'lit 13:J where, wherever 5 I � o
�I]: Where I live there are plenty of trees. .R{t���;µt,Hl $ o
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. ;;f-,f .R,/'.f.•Jlil£4\l://)l½i!].J1J1fi: o
< 2) �ittJA1i"J:
**1-t if.Fi I � e-9� if..M.1i"J
J:Effi.M.1,J( Attributive Clauses ):(£1,] 9"1/t,(�i'/'f, f!'tim-1-� ifiJ�{tillJ, flf*i"f!iEIS� ifiJ, iii]tll.� {-tii,J �4
$'errill.Jo �ill.M.1iJim 'lit ,':l:Lll.\\tE1cfiWzfi§". El3 **W(**ftillJI!x:k�IUillJ )5 I tf:\ o *�f-till.Jif:
who, whom, whose, that. which�o :k¥1UiiiJ1f: when, where, whil o *¥f-tillJM'f-t�a<J$lcrrillJ¾.A.
�-��W-ftW.*r£1iJi:j:t��±.i.f.,�fi.�ffl•�*•**ftWtEJ:Ei.f..M.1iJi:j:tf1':±.fi� . .M.
1'iJi\!fif:l·i;/JillJ e-9 .A.ffJ-t11tt� tM1c fi·ill.J i:ftl:��-� o
l) who, whom, thatf"ti'e-9$t:/iiilJ:fil.A(l��iflJ.ftiffJ, :t£))._1i]1:l�f1':±.ff,f��i.f.:

25
 Is he the man who/that wants to see you? -ki!,;r;t;,l�.�ft fr/:JA0l.1
l ? ( who/thatf:EM 'A] 9'1fF.:EiWi-)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. fM)G;il�l}f .f��fr!:J ll� /i'-A o ( whom/thatf:EM 'A] i:j:ifF$.:;ifr)
2) whoseffl*l�AM#J, (,RfflfFJEif,, �Ji\!Vl/, 'f::ffaJlv.fi'ilof whichlr�). ·ffiHm:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. ll�A 4- ¾f- 1 , :k.. � ::lf!liYe.ii-k-fi\1 •1i: o
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. -rn-iA'c��JI�*frJLtfr/:J � a
3) which, that Elrftl'i¥JJtfiil1J�$Vl/81Ji;il1J�f-ti.l1J, 1:EM 'i,Ji:j:iiJJfF.:Ei'IL �iWi-�, Yll:
A prosperity which I that had never been seen before appears in tJ1e countryside. -it.# t:l:J #il.11Jlf Ji.Jj" ::f..� 61
f'-*-Jr.�o

The package ( which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. f.t, � fr!:J � -1:k:. 1/t 1 o ( which I
thatf:f 1iJ i:j:ifF;i'f�)

3. And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as · Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit'
or IQ.

��w: X : W1f 81lf4� * fflm fHfti� m,� 11� fi!Mf1'!¥ mj;[J i,Jt ' #:#:f-�f* 7'J" lzH.B.tifW :f,K "MlQ 0

';J:c""'",!:i
to:,a.iil.:
(I) draw on: 9r,#/{, ;fijffl to use information or your knowledge of something to help you do something
a. His novels draw heavily on his childhood. -lt!!.61 ,J,iiL(f1!t.:k..itll.tJ:. v).-/-1/!.,fr-] � 4 :I;-!# o
b. She had a wealth of experience to draw on. 1'1� it Jo -t-'t (r-J �� of )f] o
( 2) refer to: ii.R.& to talk or write about someone or something, especially briefly
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
���t%I,����1��-��•�±�o

Questions 27-32

• :II!§��: List of Headings

• .llii'if=lffl!HJr:

�� Utffi:::l::Ri'f:iJ Ri�ffill*fi
B !\I: : They believe their best hope of B段主要介绍了因纽特人不满足于自己袖手旁观而让外
国专家们告知他们北极的现状，他们要把祖先的知识
survival m thetr changing envtronment hes
27 和现代科技进行结合来解决环境变化问题。很明显可
in combining their ancestral knowledge with
以看出，这是对于环境变化的一种反应和对策。因此
the best of modern science.
答案为i。

C Ell: ff *: The Canadian Arctic is a vast C段详细地描述了位于加拿大北极圈里面的地貌，而且

还提及了因纽特人的祖先顽强地适应了下来并定居在
28 treeless polar desert that 's covered with
这片土地上。因此逐个分析答案可以看到只有vi符合
snow for most of the year.
原段意思。
I
此段重点描述了过去因纽特人依靠自然提供食物和衣
D 3: Ja"-*'$� : Jt � iwJ : food / clothing I 服，而现在则是更加先进的飞机和船运进口必需品，
29
provisions/ meat 所以可以看出一个转变的过程。纵观题干，不难看出
答案是iii，即生活必需品的替代的来源。

26
 �� ��±�� ��Mm

people's health. --
1eon ·--�-
首先E段开头用while，则可判断主题句应该在后半
. ly been an t.mpact i 句。意思是这些气候变化会对人们的健康有影响。通
Eli:\!:: ... there has certam
30 过下一句的举例：肥胖，心脏病和糖尿病就可以判断
出是一个负面的影响那么对应题干negative effect，故
答案是 vii。

F段首句提出了因纽特人决定在应对北极环境变化要
F段: ... the Inuit are determined to play a key 起关键作用。后面第五行的一句话，说“IQ已经逐渐
31 role in …in the Arctic. / ...in recent years, 显示出其可信度和重要性。”因此可以确定与答案iv
IQ… weight. 相对应：对于因纽特人的意见和建议越来越尊重。故
答案是iv。

G f& : There are still huge gaps in our ifil�t-=f.±®i1iJ:itlJr:5tVT, mT*1iJ:UH:Hxt\1..�. Fo¥'aJtt
environmental knowledge, a nd despite the istl!J:l o Efr!V,, f!=:*;;jl:f&Ett)xtl'.,�@W:¾"�{lla-tJfF:ti�WJf
32
scientific onslaught, many predictions are no q� li!Lz " o gaps in knowledgeq� �£ ll&IFF iii1\;JJJ! i:p Ettl
more than best guesses. understanding limite�@. lzs!Jltlt/i��;ti1\;ff;iio

Questions 33-40

• /Hi§ �lli(: SUMMARY

• Rfil§lf/J1Hfr:
JltRfil�Jf.�i:i-J: 'i;:q[UUil;, f§.;fik[l :1'1fm § c:p B �� tf:\Jll..{;f.f&fi, il1J n€:l!k�ft;I; T !Hi§ xftili o l!!Jlt.R�:i:
1,�f!?Jw;:::ie�El-tJCf&fnD¥.lH!PnJ o

�� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r

lrt:£:#l�>/t�-,t�t,iJ, lzsf 1'Jengage in ��"�.!,;j�
��-�, J§ffiiinfi.iz-�if¾.�iliJo ;f;r{m § i:r�2 El-tJ!lftjJi:(,f
• • • -,timpossible, ��-N�o i!.f-f11Ht § Ettl¾f��c
Canadian Farm.m g IS out of the question an d f&::::i(J;t' nT .J.tit:¥t 1iJ�
33 � li! o t&tts:5tVT' x•i:ra-tJout
Arctic nature offers rneager pickings.
of question;f'!l Jm § 9" impossible.l!;J'@ , � Jlt i'iJ IV, tt fiJ
out of questionl¥J �i!i- ep farming�¾�f1Tn!r� Ettl�
;t, mi.§. iJtengage in farmingfil�'El"'�J.i;fili!f��JJ!IJ

首先看到and并列连词，所以34和35题两个是并列关
系，这可以帮助我们找到答案。另外一点是可以判断
出34和35题要填写名词，做catching的宾语。这样到
catching, ..surviving by exploiting sea
34 5
文章中去对应可以找到这句话。看到exploiting和
1 -3 and
mammals and fish.
catching完全对应，而且后面的两个名词是并列关
系，所以可以说轻而易举就找到了正确答案mammals
和fish。关键的连词如and等有的时候是解题的突破
口。

27
 �� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r
由于空格附近是people，因此可以断定空格处应该填
一个形容词。而且这类人是latter的一个example，而
且是“后者的一个例子” 所以此题要通读有空格的一
The environment tested … 句话和空格之前的一句话。可以看出要写的一类人
pushed
36
limits / ...one group emerged …the 是成功生活在艰难环境中的。找到pushed limits 作为
limits Arctic environment. / These Thule 定位词，在文章中找到对应句子。但是答案，不在
people moved in from Alaska... 这里，我们需要找到成功的人群。因此继续往下跟
踪，看到文章提到了成功的人群，但直到最后才找
到本题的正确答案。Thule人，注意要忠实原文，一
定要大写T。注意此题阅读跨度比较大，很容易出
错，因此要细致。

Nunavut is 1.9 million square :ft itl o z..Fo X. f{i: 111 fili :±1 m1, 7 'rock and ice, and a
题干很明显的定位词Nunavut可以在文章的D段开头

territory of
kilometers of rock and ice, and a handful ofislands', 2'.#��1Fi��:!l!!f!1B.'.fx;t@
37 Nunavut,/
handful of islands around the J:, 129.Jlt1!Jt�Ll:islandsi?:XilT t;..( 7 o
ice, rock
North Pole. t;HJIJ�ii�B9*, B.'.f��irufmffl 'a few of' *�I
'i'/Ji, lz9.Jlt}fj[Hj��£&,ffl¾��
B.'.f�•A•���tt��ffi1i�,l!l.!ltW*•-
in recent
1-* � i1iJ:;!Eftt1fi � M :ff 5:\:lifestyleo mi At fil] ��i1.f in
recent years¾*�� {.llifiJ o
years/ been
Over the past 40 years, most have m�37/Wtl:""fw; o il'J�:,(�·�tl-·i'·B;J'Ja]�i1foverthe1
38 obliged to
abandoned their nomadic ways... past 40 years .iE :/8'· Iii =I'll ff] � in recent years :X.j@ , mil
give up/
abandon£5give up, waysf-r.llifestyle;l:!j.'x;J-@, ��E.�
lifestyle
t.UJ, &llabandonFo fiii(J<J�ii:fwayse<J{ll:-tliii%foornadic o

!�!!i&s:io _ -d
112Ff1Fi:l;i=i:, @E.�,@ $!/!IJ WT :±1 depend onFo lffilti¥:IJ{
�-1-�ijj_), '1[l1«"Nf;.ff.z..J'f-i!!i o ifri Folffie<Jfood and
depend on/ ... but they still rely heavily on
clothes¾�� iit:!lr-El<J;E f.iLijjj o 1!.H:�tEX�� ailT l2Ht
39 food and nature to provide food and
!JJ ;;:.j@ depend on (J<J rely on, ifri Fo im "'5l.. � food and
clothes clothing.
clotheso l!l.Jlt��il'Jt;..(1!Ul!Et!Jtl!.f:1Jli9rtl:lrely one<J�i1.f
�¾��, &Pnatureo
iffl.j!]i'r.i)f&, ���®*�o ;)ti:j�, �-jlj{jBffl(l{J
B ffl 5/i tll?m'� fflcostly( � :'JU� )f.lti� :iiUlJtrlbx1'f°tfJll
:x:imuir�f:JG:iiL costlyX;J-@expensiveo Folffia1,1r�:
40 expensive D.@:Fo ]i 'AJ-iti· •m•*•�����•a•¾�* □ B<J.�a¾
imported( :iii: i=t a{J), ifri�$1it�importedo llt.lffi\VS�
I

*ae<JMMtt,����-�•••o�l.ilZ-�$I
7!li :VJ B;J' fa] o

28
 气候变化与因纽特人

北极地区气候变化造成的威胁和加拿大因纽特人面临的困境

A U!Hi�, ¥!,l!,lH4tE:lt& �:l1!1.71'1ifriit� o i!f$�tll.�*Jl!tE�e*�:lt!!.�$� ff J5fi::l1!1.¾1U:!'!*t-i'#.tsi

7!':11!1.fijrfUiBt. �::kJt�:m')r-ffllf�ffii1�JiltffJVEYmWil!frT im�B':J�o tl3*:ttl:mi:m:±l71'�, mJJ§i;,;Jc�s<J��tE
��-MF□XW��-.-�T::kfil�--�;�±mm�.m•*•A-�;·;,;Jc�tt••�-li$. ■
ms<1/i$;,;Jc�•�*i1J Tffl'AfllJJ J9r,F& a':J}rtHi!IBJz;,� o Jt�111 * a{J::k$f,(J01E�, ec1��1-t�i.ti:lf¾-
�ffi�Mas<1a�. fflt1::lt&:l1!1.��Bfl�� T § ::ks<1•�o �••*•*�•�s<1•�••m•. ��
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30
 WRITING

TASKl

The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.
Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purposes, and this
increased dramatically from about 500 km3 to around 3.000 km3 in the year 2000. Water used in the
industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From
1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km3, while domestic use rose more slowly to
only 300 km3, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.
The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas of the world by
contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km2 ) with that In the D.R.C ( 100 km2 ). This
means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for
water consumption per person: 359 m3 compared with only 8 m3 in Congo. With a population of i 76 million,
the figures ·for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries.

de� OOJlVF T 1900.¥.2000�1l1Jill:JH[Bfil i;f;JJ..ki't<11Y!.if1·1ff 1Jlc

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j(&!Jf.17.)(iJ:t!l.f-T�-K, {§.]fiJJ20fittc."FWJ7llJ�jit/�{ifJto 1950�!:J,Fo, I_ill,_Jf.17.)(�$f�*i)J I 000 .ft1J*tc
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tla :i£ T tit JII!. __t-�:1'1!1. IR:.&ill'. r!H11 a<J � *

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information about water use worldwide, r11Jt�1'.Jhow the amount ofwuter used worldwide changed o
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31
 -�--�T-ffl. •m�UT�D��-�*�fflR�W�-�a
.:,fs;JMIEl3 Wi#�ffiJ(-101¥J�g_]i�: ftll��(graph );f,lctHiH table) o

TASK2

Today, the high sales of popular co11s111ner goods reflect the power of advertising and not tlJe real needs of the
society in which they are .l'Old.
To what exter,t do you agree or disagree?

··,Wffil¥.
■
��ftfittfflg£��ffl9 &-�£r��h2W�£tt��-��*o���--��ffiJ-��
�-;g;?

Nowadays, there are lots of advertisements on television or on the streets. Some people think
that the advertising boosts the sales of goods and it encourages people to buy things unnecessarily.
This arguments may be true. In my country, many advertising companies produce advertisements
with famous and popular actors or singers. People, espedally youngsters, buy goods that their
favourite singer advertise, although they do not really need the products.
Also, on the television screen, a product may look gorgeous and good quality. As a result of it,
people often buy goods without enough consideration. Consumers may not actually need it but they
b uy goods impulsively soon after they watch the advertising. Furthermore, as many customers b uy a
particular product due to its advertising campaign, the other people may be affected by the trend,
even if the product is not of the real needs of the society.
On the other hand, there are various aspects against these arguments. Moreover, it is people's
choice to make a decision to buy goods. Advertising may be not a cause of customers· buying habits.
Individuals have their own spending habits. If they have got enough disposable income, then the right
to make a decision is given to them. No one actually can judge whether the goods sold are the real
needs of the society or not.
In addition, as there should be a limited amount of disposable income consumers are able to
spend, people try to allocate their budgets. They cannot be simply swoyed by those advertisements.
In conclusion, as customers have their own strong opinions and standard of good quali1y goods, it
is better to leave them to make their own decision in buy goods. It is fairly difficult to soy everyone
is swayed by advertising and buy good impulsively. However, in sensitive area of businesses such as
toy industries, it may be necessary to band advertising to those children as children have not got
enough ability to control themselves or to know what they need.

32
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=¥ EL .soon after they
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�buying c
:t:Jr5f: :11:J§-l[ll: ...it may be necessary to band advertising to those children... JI; 9"bandf.i.\Z.1-Jban( � 1.1:) 0

33
 s·rEA.KING

PART 1

�•-•*·�•�*•�a*•����&.Mgn*�•m�.mili���•-��-•A•�
�fllf,1/l!,o � ff1tT*�ll���a<J*33 • .I11=. 1:1:ffiwlJtft!rttl!-t��IIHm1o1 o

Dancing
I. Do you eujoy dancing? ( Why/Why not?)
Yes, I really like to dance. It is one of my favorite activities. Ever since I was a little child I liked to watch
dances and participate in them also. It just makes me feel so happy and free and gives me a chance to express
myself artistically.
participate in :t"- q artistically {f. t, ?It J:

2. Has anyone ever taught you to dance? ( Why/Why not?)

Well, you know, in university there are dance classes that you can attend. The dance instructor that I had was
very nice and showed a lot of patience with me, because at that time I felt like I had "two left feet", if you
know what I mean. So he really helped me to have more confidence in not just dancing but also in other aspects
of my life. I really miss him.
dance instructor 1,1: J1f'l tt !! two left feet f.ft .f * N-J1
3. Tell me about any traditional dancing in your cunntr;.
You know I would really like to tell you about traditional dances in China but the younger generation here in
China are more interested in hip hop and break dancing and things of the West. I know there are a lot of
traditional dances in China, like lion dance or Yanko Dance, and some of them are quite pretty, but to be
honest I am not very good at them.
hip hop #Jn break dancing :If, '/J1 �
lion dance n �:iii -=J- Yanko Dance � if!:.

4. Do you think that rraditioanl <lancing w:11 be popular in the funire? ( Why/Why not'/)
I think there is a place for it in the foture, but I am not sure how popular it will be. It would be a pity to me if
we didn't preserve our dances and culture because it is so unique, but how all this will play out in the future I
am just not sure.
preserve -W.# unique �;Ii tH�
play out �Rt, zt :i.

34
PART2

�'jg��'4:--5[E:�;'m-l�( Cue Card ) o ;\;·'4=_,(j I fr'l!t�*A•J-i'fflJ, ;}f i'iJ t{1M[�ic o Z.J§";;-l}-'i:.1$1-2:$:}-tip(l(J�

�o��W�§,�'jg�-�'4:����---��ffl��-.i�'i:MM•@·o

Describe someone in your family who you

like. You should say:
how this person is related to you
what this person looks like
what kind of person he/she is
and explain why you like thjs person.

I guess off the top of my head I would say my older brother is someone who I really like. ____
Although he is five years older than I am, he will always be my hero. He is pretty tall and thin although
he eats quite a bit. He is one of those people that can eat what they want and not gain any weight. He is
j
pretty athletic and loves to run and play football and row boats, and just pretty much challenges himselr
to succeed in any sport. You should see when he jumps bow high he gets in the air.
Even though he is a good sportsman, there are other qualities that I admire about him, for instance, he
is also a good student and gets good grades in school. I think that's because he is the older brother he
feels he has to set a good example. I know that my brother is not perfect and he has his faults but I
still admire just everything about him. One thing that l really like about him is that he is loving and 1
kind and considerate of others' feelings. When he got married I was his best man and had a very
good time at the wedding, but at the same time it was hard to let him go, knowing that now he was
going to have different responsibilities, and I wasn't going to see him that much. All in all, I have
many good memories of my older brother and we still see each other now and again and are able to
catch up on what is happening in each other's life.

off the top of my head JJJ J:. !,!!, j1J best man 14!- ��
athletic t- J,k iE i}J �� now and again lf nt
set a good example f,#: t- :/if�# catch up on 1Hi ;It 1Ji:
considerate of others' feelings :;Jf � -ft!!. A iJlg },JSj, �

PART3

;;-I}-� ��1::00� rnm=tM·B 1 $ tl:l*a<i-@ttttllll�(mmf!Qiill:fiiii:r; o �-=til:5ta<Jm��x&�=-tm:5t

�� ""F p;J � a<] �1t;fll1fi � 0

35
 Family similarities
l. In what ways can people in a family he similar m each other"'
Well, there are many ways that people in a family are similar. One way is tbat they have the same blood; they
are all related to each other physically. I think that the other way they are similar is that they live with each
other , so they begin to pick up habits and traits that each other has. They can begin to talk alike and react in the
same ways.

2. Do ym; think th�t daughters are always more similar lo mothers than 1o male rcl:it1ves·1 What about sons anti
father.::?
Daughtera and mothers are naturally closer to each other just because they are of the same sex. They just seem
to understnnd each other better than a father would. Of course there are things about their mothers that some
daughters do not want to be like, but usually they are able to come to grips with this issue and develop do8e
bonds. A father and a son can be close; a lot depends on how much time a father is able to spend with his son
and how much respect they are able to show to each other.
come to grips with !it JI, � )Jc close bonds '/fr It: /1,7 � "Ji,.

3. In terms of personality, are people more in0uenced by their family or by their friends? ln what ways''
Well, of course people's personalities are influenced first by their families, and then later on, when they are
attending school, they are much more influenced by their friends.

Genetic research
1. Where can people in your country get information about genetic research'!
I suppose, like in most countries, if you want information about anything, the place to look would be on the
h
Internet. You start your search there and see where it talces you. Genetic research is not the kind of ting that
you might find at the comer store in any neighborhood.
genetic research £ l!l qf- �

2. How do people in your country feel about genetic research''

Well, I don't know so much about this topic, because I am not a scientist or anything, but I suppose that there
are pros and cons to this subject. Sometimes when I think of this, I am a little scared and think about mad
scientists and Dr. Frankenstein and that kind of stuff. I have heard that there are some good possibilities in this
type ofresearch, but off the top ofmy head the only thing that I cao think ofis stem cell research. But even that
is a bit controversial.
Dr. Frankenstein ll-* •t!·A controversial * ii- i,l(_ a0

3. Should this research be funded by governments 01 private companies? Why?

Well, whoever wants to fund this kind of research should be able to do so at their own discretion. If
governments have the money and support from their constituents then they could invest in this research. Now,
ofcourse, private companies also have money and could invest in this research, and I should see of no law that
would prevent them from doing so.
at their own discretion It it 1fJ § c, �;t constituent��

36
Test 2
1�1s·TENINC;'

SECTION 1

lffi �: iJi.?ZJl!, ��JA-£�

���Bg: •fr·:±: J!.#-1-t .t
� •=*�M�tt�k��a••�oo���•�

* "nX-tiis r:p r�».-* �ii SynrnouthB<JW:�tit1JJiiJf�:tJHIHt<JnlHHll :1-J � :ltl!.J\s �ffl� B<J r.H/J o tE�� a1l :;k1J,
�rp 9"W1'i-1}�p-1}f-(;Et9�/jWJ�' ;Jetr.f=ifa::k��Jil:�·mM1o l�ilt' tE�OO�-=tHll�ffiWJ l'aJ/i'l���J;fiJffli!�
�i)j1,o

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craft n. .:f-IZ glue 11. Jl3l7.](

accompany v. �JW, fHltI decoration n.�ilfi
adult n. nx.J-.. cavern n. :;li:jfoj1(
label V. f;j(ti:, :/J□t)r,� splash v.�.�

sample n. f;j(*, ¥'¥&Ii build up 建立，培养

reservation n. fjj[JE _ �jl)ing he_a_rt_ ......... #lf}}.�,(.,�
in advance �HU

I. A friend of a friend mentioned them-the children do painting and make models and so forth. - -1'- /llJ � � JI/I
�.tUtl .ii , .:JB: -f 1n ,(E..11� £ -r YA � &1 , 11t-tl � � 0
2. Well, all ages from five upwards are welcome, though we do ask that children below eight years of age are
accompanied by an adult. 5 � vJ. J:. €fJ :ifl-f YA , 1!1.� 111�¥8 # YA T {rlJ :Jt-f ;fij° J/§..J.....j!g- "'1 o
3. And I do need to tell you there's a security entrance, so you need to press the green button for someone to let
you in. $.1i¾i{f1-i, :i!JLa<iizttl::�¾�%m, 1;r-•.U.·19l#--T!t�#-4ifl.•➔A..jH1:izt� o i!��letyou inAJ
l).J_;Gk*�8,ttEm fa] l7'J B9 A 1'r1ff-uiJ!E �i!.t ¾ HU f=l' ff JfilM iJ:f�u:B!E 0
4. We're driving in from out of town. .fl 1/l»... rjr !>'Ht 4-:i!A rjr P'l o

37
 5. Your best bet is to leave your car at the back of the library. 1;\:JJi,#;Je.$.i,},tf. II] .:J,; 1:s 16 tin, :i!1!.E1%e1tl[ "�
�", �□ **:iM!o
6. Should I have rung them instead the main museum number? �;$..E. iir�-le1il-TT ie, i.5' ,,;:, ;f: Jl..tT j1J.t-;flL, Jl:_ •.Bi?
7. This involves quite a bit of glue. :i!½ Jfl J1J�RJ /&'..1J<. 0

;;ji:fi 1~51'M.if9:1'fxft./J!'. �:1/if'E!r n]r �flfiM.f/,"m,:)i!lj' ��:/!R�JAij HJ, 6~1 O/illffrl" �'L' jit],(£/ni:)t r:rtMl!{i!J 7
C

:i(l:!1\0 .R ,(ef� lO@ir:p A0 silvery paper1E frf-X r:p n!: k'.J. z;/J"liij i.iiHll.%5'.l:J�, l.W.E10: but if you wouJ.d reach out so�e
silver paper to b1ing along to usc in the sessions ... tl:i.i:;;$:firp/ill El �*:1-JNO MORE THAN TWO WORDS o

SECTION2

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�:l!D:W:1f-�[(:yow1g person cartl, 1£fffnJat/Wi:�.1<.�-::•'ffll����l/3" '!lrHfHi��Jt:l:llrntriWml!EiUE!:lrliT�, li!IJ�
lL!li:�1�/.iiia0tt�u j3;5'�. 11!i.:ffil�f-1lf:t:is�li0firt1W!*��; ��$.lffir:J:i:last,tm�'d::JJIH�- 0

(J['),,!.t'
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i=J l,DJ / [

leaflet n. '.§'. f� lf!. excursion n. 'dtf '%, r.IT:iftrfif.Hr

commuter line JI�� surround v. ffil�

�*�
buffet car (*$)�$ acclaim v. ��, ,:!XQlj'-, ffl;ljj!'
refreshments n. �B, �-tit, t.x)f-,J. climbing wall
open ticket ��&nt!'aJl':!<J� aquarium 11. 7](�1.1{
r
discount n.lv. t tlr, fft].f!; anticipate v. WWr. ��
fascinating adj. ifil.A.a<J , � .A. Bt1

brochure n. 1NlfFf gymnasium n. �1HH

brunch n. !j!Lf-� magnificent adj. )!:l:filfl i¥J
cramped adj. :fffl�ll9 marine adj. � i'¥ (t{J
energetic adj. ;ffl jJ 1ti$ i¥J platform n. iTiS Ei
expense 11. ff#! spectacular adj. )i±xl\\Bt}
gallery 11. @i)liii sunscreen n. ;;k �13{i):

38
 I. Well, I can give you lots of details about all the trains going from Trebirch in the South West. �¾. of I) t1Ht-1ll $,
lf-. i" M. iffJ rfJ lr-JTrebirc�4- lr-J #�1t .t o
2. They leave Trebirch every half hour on weekdays and every hour at weekends. M.Trebirch ttl %... /)IJ .$. fol - .f. fol
.E..�.f•Ht-,li!i., f-1*�,J,llf-ilEi. o
3. Only a certain number are available and you have to make seat reservations for these. Y-. -1f ;J,· �4- ;J:.. lf.J 4- #--11
.:!Jd0, ,Tb l1 .1�:•¼· Hi� ,\ff-1.hT o ( [zsJ :;/-J�it��-)j\':f'fll�. -%/:,R;f;f �lf!n�, ;;1-��f1t�flj l::t$3(f![i1[fl{J*� o ...t
;k$at, 1$;J:-�r fl{J�i\'z%xifJilZ[l{J{flJ�il:%!i�-�iheservedf;f,1't, rriLEl.::Gi'iJ J:J�J§H.i'i: o )
4. Your children will find it.just as fascinating as any theme park and they can ride in the original miners' lifts and
on the coal trains. 1:1; lr-J .U:-f-½'.!lt.t-'f :il( Merthyr Mining Museum )ft, _i.�1,..'- gj -,tlq-A.�-<,J-, ,Tb 1L-l1!!,1f1 .i£ of
�����kiA�Mlr-J�-fc,���klr-Jk4-.
5. Alternatively, you can be in Birmingham in only an hour and a half, where there's lots to see and do including
the new and internationally-acclaimed climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium. A¼, 1;1; of v:.l ,ff. fa
8}l � # - 1-.f , J, at , Jl� JR. ;tf 1!l $, of v:.l ,JI, ;/t. ii<J Pi!, ;t , -tl!, ;tf1ll $- of v;I. {M:. lr-J • •ti , �t. � ft. of vH1j ,t 1]<.jl,ig !El
J-.u:¾�;t"#�lr-J, t-'tf1J � f;r-1tr'.¾lr-J$-�tilfo <*'aJtEJ:TX4':lH�fU;i'ff1I!Jl1r:J'f:$�J;k$�n:!f/::(£f13�Jl�i:j:t
!r-#9J� B'-Jiti, ffr�il:J!!f.!l!E'.o 1-1 TiM.!JIHll;J��, ��1f�11til:�Uc1:iJ IJ;J��fl=iJI.� o )

11-14!1@1-J:!:R�!lfilo l l@i'.tii::��mtX 4' fl{Jregional;f!l/l�Ff 4' fl{Jlocal o 12/12.fffiT i:j:t fl{Jnationalf:Emt>C lf''.m:
ml , ;;$:Bill�� J3i o 13 !I@:±', :£JI\ m ffl ·11: f/,f .�, , m Yti at i'EiJ :5t 1-J weekdays f1l weekends, !I@ §I If' Jo] fl{J ¾ each day
. l±J:£Jll:(£��Z.Fo, :/.lll*i'.t•JJ;f�r.J:t1����:i:1:�� 0
during the weeko 14Bt$:,t'.,,if,J
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l±JEJ<J�j;'t/!fij67eo 17!/@ili��Jl o
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SECTION3

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;tj �: it�

;if>:� If' fl{J X'f ijs � !:E :(£$':!:E. Sandy;f;U *I!! BI.Ji' A4111� ;�Jili Z l'EiJ o i:-J'iBa<J P-J �.l>Ut X � !ll:ffi:0-:tfi , 1ll!ffl �X 111=
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i!JJ11!�J'-J :x)-Jtt 0

39
 (J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

dissertation n.i't;}C discipline 11. 9illi.Q®I�,t (jt:J'�*�Bt )�

tutorial n. �!)jji:!ffli.� ;f:4, fJj.§

target n. § l,j; loan I!. f� ili ' t-HJ::
n. Jttfj-
I§*
analysis statistics n.�:tl;i;
catalog_ll� n. draft v. fT1;'i �fi
survey n. if�1t

lnJ'II _j"fi Jl€

abbreviation n.t,&� drawback I!. $!:.�

handwriting n. �� paperclips n. ffi;:!k;-y

*Ez }Jj;E_�*
historian II. paperwork n, 1'{¾1±:.
A
manilla folder ft\;}( flj::!k; plagiarism n. £9�
margin ll . .:j{jj:f.ina<J� B�; fljjfij pledge \/. �iiE
.. marketplace n. rlf:l:m practical adj. J!,\l�(t'�
memo ll. {!I!�, �;\!;,� precision /l. fti.feffiJ:f
methodology n. -JJ'ft.( �) pressure ll. ff7J
observation n.x!\1.� professor n. ��
opportunity n. tJl.j� proficiency 11.�M'/F,
overflow n. il\a.rilli protection �:tr'
/l.

critical adj. :ttf:flj 5:\: E!<J reflective adj. !{'�lli(fl<J; .1.Uta<J

criticize v. tttW representative adj. Jl.ft�t:El¥J
deadline n. ii§ WHl!l reproduce V. �1:_
decoration n. �'((p respondent n. 5f:iJj�
demanding adj. �xtlUJt'A� responsibility n. JIHE
domesticate V. Q.e:;zjs:±ft roundabout adj. ff.lrtfr EFJ

x.. .-1,: & � xtl= fWf. ffr

I. How have you been getting on with you dissertation? 1/2, <r-1 ft .:t..'.l!i ./!f· ,t ¼ ;/-'f-1 ? How have you been... :&:: t:l ir,·
��-�ffl���A¥$Mili*•�ffl���o
2. Do you want to talk me through what you've done? -1,1�;,l T, ,W.i!lA -i>f. ix.1t,fflHR 1 '.lE1t z.? talk sb. through1�

'*�
"f\:l.······�··· ···Ai.$1.-i!fil"; talk sth. through, m"ff··· ... �$-WJI" o
3. But I also thought it'd be worthwhile talking to a lecture. A� '.lit: ./f if,:t 4f- �;µ -il - r Jf_ �f f.11� al] o be
worthwhile doing sth. �j;J"ffi1fH!i'i··· ···" o
4. She's the new Head. #.,l Nj- aiJ ..i.. if o
5. I'd say your first two sections are spot on. � '.lt-ll1,t- aiJ 11'fy ,Jrr-t--&fl¾ �F- ·�'rm:i\!! o spot onilJ l)JJ'lHIEj�,g .A��?'-c
�F#M-, �jUTffi:,�.L
6. Well, short and to the point. J\l'i ;·-g fr JI.mM o
7. I would aim for the end of term. � aiJ lil �;f.,l,i1.J!;J .;/;.. aJ ,tA o aim for sth./ aim to do sth. § ;j:jf-:J!···· · ·

40
�NJIT 13 ff�tfr
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t:l:l o 21-30O¥*?5!:�•ll o 26B�a:'.@:juJ\:ey, ;1,t�B§�l��,i:.,if/JtN!� o

SECTION4

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*
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hoof (pl. hooves) n. � tendency II.��

�allop v. �!@ tension n. ��JE

succession n. :ii� loop II. l'ffi
fellow n. 1:k i-t. l<ilf:¥- sensation n. �'.l.it��j] • �'.%
primitive adj. !J¥-ftt/B'�; W•� faint v. �
motion n. i9Jf'l=, i;/J� craze n. -at�®1¥1�E1r..���
projection device 19:��- sound effect �,&
line up mflA. subtitle n. =¥=� , IM tt-B
rival 11. M-¥ compensate V. iH�

admittance n. rfl:Jlfi!tA coach 11. Kit�:$

architect n. �$Hili collection n. ®:b'l
�a�a.$e n.rr,$= consignment n. 3'.tN
bushwalking n.�� cycling n. �$�Ja
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cancellation 11.�rl!i desirable ad). 4-A%.1¥J
challenging ad). �1Jt�t'£B<J discontinue V. �J1:.
cheque n. �JJ

41
 distraction n. /JR.� package tour ffilfflrh'f
entertainment n.�Sf- painting n. ttiilli
exhibition n. l'ik:Ja reproduction 11.llffi�
explorer 11.�lti� roan "· l'fl�
glimpse n. '1!/f--ll� round trip f:1:.i!&
guidebook ll. /Jr( �-[t/j f.f-j rust v.1::tJf
intenuption ll. 1Jt!C

I. To set the bet, a photographer was asked to photograph a horse galloping and the bet was settled because you
could see that all the hooves were off the ground in some of the photos. ;I.; 1 JW;,ltii/i�.fttii. i'.;J ,t@,, --'i�:fl �
���*�-����{f.JAAX • •*h•fr-J�*�¾*a1.���������-x��-�£�
/li-JT-:tdil aiJ o
2. Actually, he didn't do the work himself but rather asked a young Scotsman in his employ to design a system,
which he did. Jji: ��, 1t!!.*i:!t� ro e...-idlt , m� il.111!.A}. /fl aii-+.lf-4£al;J $�-±A.it it T j!,/i' t tJt..
employt[;'f>:1',j 'f' -J.J � WJ o
3. Now this young fellow was clever because the first thing he did was study other systems-primitive as they
were-of moving pictures and then put all the existing technologies together to make the first entire motion
picture system. j!_+.lf-tzA�J;-1,rJ!i-llJJ, fiil ;/J111!.1.lt {f.J � -14-:f·rhk.::t '.f' 5J Jt.1MiJ#J �J.,Ht t tt. hl-.111!.·ill iii
�*fr-J��t�.M��¼��{f.J�*.��ili*J-+#J�--l�o
4. A continuing problem al the time was that the films had a tendency to break when they were being played... �
at-+M;*::,(@.M-r.k:fr-J 1',;J.,ij_Jt, �.:6t�a�.i!l:A1. '17, ntX 4j;. ';Ji"$.J& JtJr�. filmt£;$:1aJ'f'�"JlllJt".
5. 1 guess the next big step in terms of development of technology was to have people actually talking on the film,
and the first step towards this was in 1926 when sound effects were first used on a film. .A. iA.jlJ , 4 T ��.:tl
*�{r-J ]L k.:£.)1,_Jf_ il.A.111� q,, 1J 'F 1it,ijf_if;, i/r;j!_� 1926.lf- /J J!t.� q,,. 'f ;j/t:ii£.Jll z,f;tlf �;.I. �JJlo
6. lt wasn't until the following year however that the first •talkie', as they were called then, was made. it\ i7r, jLJij
�.::.../f-<11,�;,J-�T )-t o

3 l-37Nli�:®�l/N o :®�Nliffk:k(r-J.xfE.�tE=fw;mliBH:1f.!�l-i\Ht$.ll:k, lli!Jlti2t.N2ifl;J-J3ll.R i2t®.i"f, tr- l±J�,t:,,

iiU. ;$:$fH] l3 !J6,@i�it1l.1.-El!frifilW.:Jta<J�TitU.• 34mli�xi®I, W-xi:J�f!HIJ Theard about, ill�(:tf��Bt��
�5jf:, ��Jt.:£%\1.JIJfUrJA.1:J�iHI.J\.fJs\'fflT ��.J\.(f,Ji't*o 35/ffi��!M:fiJJfUrC'j,Jj:£:/ijO��, {fl�i:=£�j!-$:,r
W.:Jtr.pf!HIJBY:/mr/f¾Frencho
38-40Nli:3/-J5\:nlt'AJTo 38mli�:&rnHtl��, fIH��� l±l J!ilt}�'.§Jfl}�. 39*i140.IW79:�xifl, iJJ�J/I�Jfl�
,1'..,il,J�{fl�tflJ�� o

42
 . .
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READING PASSAGE 1

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i nAt( BH:): l!l {r-J /� � f, M.�,lit Jf; ll 1 A. {fl /r-J iifi. � at in]_,
i + Jt cat l , M '8.' ,t;. •.il· � •-t � *i-� 4'- ir-J iii 1t rn •.
� +-R(N.Jt ): #�4'-£..'f-�»li. *foJ/��iH.IL£..'f-�;Al_ •�·H:.a<J � �.
� f- �Ji.( E.f.U: 'fEI :X:AflJ�lr-JA.-ffl ;1-t,tf-:¾,.:r..ft :;,J-�-€1) iiLf.l, fJr �:.i,Jm_. A. o � /llB. �#>!i�-:.t..

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

Nil18
conduct V. ilHi wealth n. 'MM°
demonstrate v. *O}l, �jf- pour into 1Jt.AiiJ
compare V. tt� private ad}. �..A..i'.19
proportion /1, tt{91J

�
minimal ad}. :ff1uN�9 create V.���

attrnct v.!&sl

PEIII
comparison n. tt� inner adj. r);J$f!{J
describe V, t/a� suburb n.�IR
surround v. l!i]� structure n.�;j:1;]
dependent adj. f&fef4fl9 accommodation II. {±1N
tram n. �$It�$ preferen�e - - n. {lijj}f

43
 case n. M1151 ; $·!']If; loJlffi adv. ;f-tl�:l!ll
_justice n. 0-.iE inadequate ad). ;r;;,@tt�
7
economics n. r:?:rJi- in... tenns :t:£ · .... · J If:ii

MWZ
reasonable ad). 1-t-:J.ill�J; m.lJlEJ�

common adj. ·rn· Jii!. i¥J , 3Mf jfil a� objection n. &M, t;ti5l

-
reject v. t-11:f-i::; &X1 climate n.�f�
model n.:m� correlation I!.**

argue v.�11'l';mffif.

physical ad). !lo/JJJl!l¥J; § �� respectively adv .�F-1

lobby /1. i/i1i-Jtt·

RDdf;'IU•
democratic adj. � I WJ spectacularly adv. !Nf§JiJ:ltJ!
grant v.�r dramatically adv. t&:;f;;:±lh
referendum II. 01]:&�J/ density n. W;)j[

81111•
stable ad).��� keep pace with E,j ...... jis);!p
avoid V.j\) t(k, sprawl n. tn!E
initially adv.:lf:sl:171 massive ad). §:;fa;:�
destination n. § �:lt!! congestion n. Wt1f
infrastructure n. �w.lliifi8I commute v. jfilfi:/J

iililtlli
widespread ad). J?Z� counterpart n. x,tJ.iiz WJ A� 11m
wealth n.lM'ii\' generate v.,F�
viable adj. r.iJfr� starkly adv. Hfl.�.:lt!!
refute v. �FF traffic jams 3ejfilJ$.'/�

mcna
convert v.!f/t� prop?sal n.�vl

BEW!IJ
assume v.ffi'l%: valuable ad). :fii' fftffi �
telecommunication 11. it!. ffi field ®j:flit
II.

dispersal n. ?t-1-fl creativity II. MllH.£

constant ad).��� flourish v. �§tR

decline n.T�
44
1. The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public
transport.

研究结果显示，西澳大利亚的首府珀斯是最低限度发展公共交通的典型例子。

( I ) example a{]fflr!:
CD example: ffiJ'11 , �rf a person or their behaviour when considered for their suitability to be copied
He's a very good example to the rest of the class. fi!!.,lJJI...l:.Jt-11!!,fii] ?!fr# SJ i1H-H�# o
® set an example: f/jj:/:l-l;jl}J$f to behave in a way that other people should copy
You should be setting a good example to your younger brother. f;r, E. %1 ;I:; 1,t- {try !.f, tf,ftt ::I:! ,!..:f!, o
@ punishment: J� W � A , Wm fill A ( a person who receives) a punishment which is intended to warn
others against doing the thing that is being punished
The judge made an example of him and gave him the maximum possible sentence. *'tl1J 711!!,:ifi_ 1<-.ii!J·M
.Jtll, l-A,fllt�;t o
( 2) minimal Ef{JigJiW]�;r.tminimizea{]ffl�:
(D minimize: 1§:. r.tJ��:l:t!!l/r£.Y to reduce something to the least possible level or amount
Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to minimize the impact of the oil spill. ��A
± ,rf.i1\�± :h ,re.Ai ldl ii!tiffiit� (iry-§} t>f.J /l$-f0 :iil ,J, o
® -ft�•
i:t: minimize Ef{JJ£S(WJ¾maximize
:ffi: � ·Ii l¼t ff£ , lit Be:�� tt � !liK 1J, to make something seem less important or smaller than it
really is
She accused the government of minimizing the suffering of thousands of people. :W!..t� -k J.t Jl1' ;/J. i.R, [!j 4t­
-� � + ...l:.:;5' A{i!J�*o
2. Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most 'bicycle friendly' cities
conside.red....

�� f X ;
i
§ fi $ a� ue:m t1il:1f iQ.1'.#.JJt�?iff-� a<Jm: ff,!� p;j O � mi , tHJUUUIH-1:l �� ]I: Ef{JWH� § fi $ �»..
.$.:ll � Ef{J !Jlx rn · .....
·l::1i::J,.,,:
'ti.
. '¥;!;

( 1) note &:iffJ�:
CD noted: Ji! T ;J;t;fijt�,11: mi:i= i, known b'y many people, especially because of particular qualities
Swnmerhill school is noted for its progressive policies. Summerhill #-l=i[!;) Jt.l! -ffe J.t� ,rr, ¼# o
® take note of sth.: tt:@'.��lajf., ji�jt� J:rjt:i:�•11: to gtve attention to something, especially because it is
important
You should take careful note of what she tells you because she knows their strategy well. � ;l:;:W!.1!l 7 Wf.
tll!-1fl{I/J�4-. ff;,;i.,f,r-E. :kJ W:t:¼tl!.tj-1,t--iJLft-J-it o
@ make a mental note of sth. : gjJ ic1± to make an effort to remember something
I made a mental note of her address. A Jfl •'I...· ic.. T 7 :W!. {i!J 3'.!!. J.il:. o
© strike a note: :1Hti§,)Zf!fi5�1-4'if'-11J�x!il,�lit�1\t to express and communicate a particular opinion or
.feeling about something
At the end of her speech, she struck a note of warning about the risks involved in the project. ,rf.-i1H&·!tAl
ilf , :&\!!.#)!1] �jlj �.lf-•t; it� 1§1 it ;Jfr ft-J Jiil. � o
(2) -friendly f:19ffl�

45
 CD :(£iii]��� "X � e<J " ( used at the end of words to mean 'not hannful · )
environmentally-friendly detergent J:f-{t.-1'1 i3t.ilt:-�l ozone-friendly refrigerator Ji:., 1l.. {/IJ *;fu
® :(fill.J�li�*;ljt-1'\f�},._�( used at the end of words to mean 'suitable for particular people to use' )
a family-friendly restaurant it¼�ftt�-1-iY-J �/& user-friendly software -It Jll � 1t 6lJ � 1'f-

3. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice
considerations rather than economics.

过去在解决公共交通问题时我们通常关心的是环境和社会的合理性，而不是经济情况。
'.ii� 6.
i.., re, .....
case a<Jffl�:
CD argument: 5[f�l!ltN.i1;f-;llt$1'19x!\I..�, $�;fn:0!Ei::r argumel!ls.facts a11d reasons i11 support of or against
something
There's a good case for/against bringing in new regulations. � Jc..jJ-6Hl. lfJ .l.#/.&..tj- �I A.-.11j-Jll.,t o
® make a case for sth. (UK ALSO make out a case for sth.): i:AJ;J;ljt$:Jik:lr1:�-Mte<JJH€;tl:JJl!EB to argue
that something is the best thing to do, giving your reasons
We wiU only publish a new edition if you can make a convincing case for it. -;It,,* {,t. itlti¼ tl:l 4--.A.1t ml {/IJ
.l.! d-7 , � ,((1 it tl:l X&,. # .Ila� 0
® situation: ffi% a particular situation or example of something
Jobs are hard to find but in his case that's not the problem because he has so much experience. .:L��!l•
ft.��tj-�-��4�-.��M&a�S o
@ a case in point: 110f (Jg,&JJiiE an example which shows that what you are saying is tnie or helps to explain
why you. are saying it
Lack of communication causes serious problems and their marriage is a case in point. :lilt .z.. if.J � ½ � 1 �
k�-.�fil{!IJ*•a���+A-1'l{!IJ��o
@ as the case mig.1-it be ( ALSO whatever the case might be): ;l§t �r - f� iiJ fm /Iii � orie of the stated
possibilities which is tnie
When the election is called in April, or June, as the case might be, we shall be ready for it. ��:&$.,t,.,11.
4}] B:.,l6Jl :tit-.ft, �UfJ;IJl½�fi:.�a!J;tt� o
® r
in the case of: *T, :(£;ljt-1fil£ with reference to, or in the situation of
The law will apply equally to men and women except in the case of maternity leave. -it i-!-# tj- J1J *::kJl-t
*
it .Jll , ,{£ � it JlJ -t ft 1ri O
et) in that case: EE TJ:i£ffl% because of the mentioned situation
There's no coffee left? In that case I'll have tea. ii:.'l½o"-l� 1? ��:M,•86:l--e. o
@ (not) the case: ;fJM¾�f-f (not) true
If that is the case then I will be very disappointed. -:i<o*�l.�{.f, �;t/(,;k_!k_� 1 o
® in any case: Tflf.§. also
I don't want to go and in any case, l haven't been invited. �.:r,; �¾, ,7i, Jl.A. ��it *�o
@) (just) in case: Ill T ;It$ iiJ � J.lt 1:: im � � because of a possibility of something happening, bei11g
11eeded, etc.
I don't think I'll need any money but l'U bring some just in case. � '.lt 4l� Jfl ;r:; :I-� . �B:. ,l '° � �;i_ �
'lf- o
® a case of: ffJ"f;ljt-��ffi/£ used when a situation is of a particular type
She doesn't want to work full-time; it's a case of having to. ���±l!R.:c.ft, {£.ft �,l��.f;f .:r,; c

46
Questions 1-5

• 11.fil El �re!: List of beadings

• a§ffjfJ;-,
*••�•M•••.D���•••���-•�•.m*•n��T�•��*•*·
�� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r
±MiroJ:fii:: "The more democratic the process, the
I more public transport is favored. "

1EliM�@@·•���:A����BfiT�
AEJl:�- 1P] 9" (r'� . ;ii1J. ;Jt�tX.JHF.f!fafff,�::t-iiiJ.

.:::::�='lf
1 people power exercise
politics f!ldemocratic "�::t"*�-�A����.A��+��­
�itlt!f!fi,i�. ■ § �31 {WI. }!l!iJ��tt
j•�::t-�a��*���r�����.
"/i!tiElff���ii.

:lw..Fo--'iil '1' B�Howevcr¾:itJlJl:t;W � ;iJi O :zlefi ·

-�-�����ftrt*��*N.9'18-�
. I �5£: ' qf!�-ifr!-�ft J:l� , {§.;l�J-Jfr)\,!: ffg However JI..
Ba.lK
I;[],
-cl= r--1
51 tf:l ...causing massive congestion problems which
PJ commuting
2 increase travelling time
times far higher
now make commuting times far higher.
commuting i;J-$heading9'1ffJtravelling.
I
-/ilciETif(J*�;!'i/::viio

c�-�� 9'1wid pre�d-iii.l��:IJ □ l��/m, �{i;J.

�
{I{/. � - Jlli: ;� :!'ii:: 'fit � • ,r!;i, • tl'.. �I� H=J popular / I
widespread/ prevailing/ overwhelming�if,Jcjj 1±1
i; _,, · 1.;­
I higher incomes not more Cei
3 lJUWi P] i�-���ft#�ffi+.ftrX�tttt�•�
�W. ft.FoX9'1ft#������ rn��+�
cars

�Jli�lili'i.iJx�.�.•
tJliETeffl��_:fii::ivo
instead是一个转折连接词，后面的观点与前者
刚好相反。上一句说 pushing everyone into the
city centre was not the best approach，刚好证明
4 avoid overcrowded centre D段句末
我们应该避免造成一个过度拥挤的市中心。
故正确答案是i。

.. .it is valuable to place people working in related

fields together
5 working together E段第三句 ii. 1£ � � i:j:i � f,j ;i!;; ill.l , �n once...however... the
explanation for this...
JEliffl**:Jf::iiio

47
 Questions 6-10
• IHI��: TRUE/ FALSE I NOT GIVEN
• ..l!1i § fn¥ ;t[r :
6 The ISTP study 6Xaminad public and private systems in every city of the world.

�:;lt�x: ISTP的研究涵盖了世界上所有城市。

�f.ltiiil ISTP study

m��ttiiil every
第一段第2～3句。
Jt i:p :xt /i\IJ#,
原文说的是thirty-seven cities around the worlds，与题干表述相互抵触。

�* FALSE

7. Efficient cities can improve the quality of life for their inhabitants.

�:;lt�x: 高效的城市可以改善居民的生活质量。

�f.ltiiil efficient / improve the quality

m��ttiiil improve

ffi.=�: ...these more efficient cities...creating a better place to live

Jt i:p :xt /i\IJ#,
"i�:ii1i tlll!:l!H9Jl'.!HHf1ff'il'Jt:l¾"��'i!f T@�a<Jnrtl:lf:ti" o
�� TRUE

8. An inner-city tram network is dangerous for car drivers.

�:;lt�x: 内城的有轨电车系统对私家车驾驶者很危险

�f.ltiiil inner-city/ tram network/ dangerous/ car drivers

m��ttiiil car drivers

第三段的第三句谈到有轨电车系统使汽车的使用率降低了许多，但并未谈及私家
Jt i:p :xt /i\IJ#, 车驾驶者。

�� I NOTGNEN

9. In Melbourne, people prefer to live in outer suburbs.

�:;lt�x: 住在墨尔本，人们更喜欢住在远郊。

�f.ltiiil Melbourne/ outer suburbs

m��ttiiil outer
ffi=131::!&Ja-,j:;J: The exp1osion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of
Melbourne suggests a er cent change in many people's preferences as to where they live.
Jt i:p :xt /i\IJ#,
as to= concerning gt .... ,,:;,li'ffi; 3c'F
这句话正说明人们喜欢住在近郊而非远郊。
�� FALSE

48
10. Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only averagely
good.

���Jt 对于自行车使用率高的城市，即使公共交通水平一般，交通效率也很高。

'.iE'.{JLi� bicycle/ public transport

flli'f!W*W! =? efficient
第五段：the two most"bicycle-friendly" cities considered... were very efficient, even
Jt i:p :xt /i\IJ#, though their public transport systems were"reasonable but not special".
averagely good与 reasonable but not special是同义表达。
�� TRUE

Questions 11-13
• im §�ID!: Matching
• JmElffJlHfr:
�� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r
第二段第一句说Perth有minimal public transport，即相当于
11 Perth 题干中的limited public transport system，下面又说Perth之外
�=l&�-li,Jln� !mli,J
的一些城市是more efficient cities，所以正确答案为F。
提到 it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a
really good rail network，所以 Auckland 当然是hilly，既
12 Auckland �-1::;l&�=li,J 然“难以建立很好的轨道系统”，当然是不适合建这样的
系统了。正确答案是D。

A段The rail proposal won and the railway worked spectacularly

13 Portland Af3t well.轨道运行良好肯定是盈利的。正确答案是C。

公共交通的优势

'1k�sl::k�!¥.J�j.:J:itili,t�fiff ;'EJiJf ( ISTP )1'.11:tt W.tlH'f !�1¥.J:llHirfiff ;'E*aJJ , 0,!:t:x:@I$li'l'13'.!i0�� -'-f 1J,7\
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Bt!¥.J ili,tJff =& A lfl 1-,A..JH!1i o
m;'EBffl.WM::k�il!¥.J•Jffm�¾•fil�&�R0x•mt¥.JAID!��o�*¾,*m!¥.Jxiil'i•*ft
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t
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1
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49
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READING PASSAGE 2

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50
 -�tt,�♦�·AL�•*��-�o
JA·:�A-4t�MM*ftT��-��L�.
i :,\-tt: 1':..tt 1f tJ.Jl,t! �;I//,** 0

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� ;/L.f,lt :
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...
J��tt,��M*��Y�$����4�

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

in the pink ���� associate v. 相关联

...
independent adj. MuH'-J afflict v. 折磨
announce v. 宣布 strike v. 发作

gather decline V. ""Fn

*71�
v.1&�---
arthritis n. accelerate v. :/JniJl!.
circulation n. ifl'iilif dementia n. tffi*
complaint n. :tt!!.f'� stroke ri. '1=1 Jxl.
trouble V. �t)t arteriosclerosis n. �J!J;J:W!{t
_proportion n. lt191J emphysema n. /Jifi9'.nrJi
confirm v.i[�
--- -

demographer n. 人口统计学家

beat a retreat !J!illl predecessor n. fir�

nutrition n. ft'lf.

on tbe downside M. 1tl;J:& im i}� subtle ad). �;J�lt<J

surge n. 上升 subject n. ���;jfll
bronchitis n. 支气管炎 expose v.,i:�

correlation n.;X:* be attributed to EE':f

uncover v. i.lt}Jll, m� attention n. tl:1!:
schooling n. ilf{rlf

51
 --
assess V. iffi'.i complex ad). ��a{J
striking . ad). ·�,A(!<] calculate v.i.t�
survey n.�li grey V. ;,,t'£.,A Q �ft

reliance

maintain
n. f&ij!

v.f'l�
- massive

neurotrophic
ad). e;ks(j

ad). t!Jl�if�B9
function V. iJ!lfFm course v. iltii;!J
neuroscientist n. fflt!Jl�* honnone n.f.f��
treadmill n.�$ neuron I!. t!J'�J[;
11. �ft

....,..
derive v.*§ deteriorate

�
epidemiologist n. mifrffei�* challenging ad). J!.�jj��·l1:a<J
self-esteem ,z. § � cortisol n. ilJB<Jt't( 'If J:Mt&:n�ii�)
simulation n. flt£).

••••
drawback isolated ad). 1/ll.ila<J
emotionally adv. ffllfilU: fare v.*:IJ.\l

underestimate v. ·(IMi'i

l. The results of a 14-year study to be announced later this month reveal that the diseases associated with old age
are afflicting fewer and fewer people and when they do strike, it is much later in life.

-���'*R�ffl�;fjja<J-��-*�14�a<Jm��-B�.-��-�mfi ■ �A•*�Y.��¾
�a<J�m, etf•-mrtJlft1t:lls T�Yo
'_n..ea-,5
lti r:i , .. , :

( 1) announce (t(Jfflr!:
CD to state or make known, especially publicly: -0;,fjj
They announced the death of their mother in the local paper. 1\l!.111 ff � .>il!, {r,J - #�IU1U:.1�:l\, 7 -!lJ.-ffe-¼
-\lt-{r,Ji)!i,t o
® [+that]
The Prime Minister has announced that public spending will be increased next year. ,it, J.'ll. 'E. ;i\i' B}j .+ 4� �
7}11/��jf- i. o
® to show that something is going to happen: *1Yl�$:{4 $:'£.

52
 The first few leaves in the gutter announced the beginning of autumn. ;}(;f.) .W. -afr;'&./Jry JL Jt ""l--=f-f9i ;j'. �f:k.
k_/J-Jjlj �o
(2) reveal B9ffl1't:
CD to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret: ./lit�� ,A.nz:•�'¥-il<JJt-g!j
�fl1:*a<J*illi
He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians. -ii!!, ll;J /;J �1� � Aittf;ldii AAili.. 0
@ [+that]
Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought. ,kl!!,(i./i §J 1t .N. ;j.�.jf-;r-1tA1f1 � �
'f' i!91JF;/f '$;� a
@ [+question word]
He would not reveal where he had hidden her basket. i<!!,,;f- .I!} i! %,�te,� (ifJ M. -=f-fiG..,{J;. 7 P/l� .W."
@ to allow something to be seen that, until then, had been hidden: �A fl1:;f;;r3!1Jz�trflt�iltt<J1J;g!j
A gap in the clouds revealed the Atlantic far below. -i- If:: le] /J-0 ':£ r:¥-1.l�� /J-0 :k. � if �AHR. 'Ip o
(3) afflict: f!A�$4t!Jmi-t4'
It is an illness which afflicts women more than men. ,\h.:ii:if'l•ffeia-lJ-:Ji:-,t:itt. � •t:l} o
affliction: mi'I!:r something that makes you suffer
Malnutrition is one of the common afflictions of the poor. 'lr.ff-;{- RJk..'ti A.Jjl ')f," Ji!,aiJ��.Z.- o
2. According to Manton, slowing the trend has saved the United States government's Medicare system more than
$ 200 billion, suggesting that the greying ofAmerica's populatiou may prove less ofa financial burden than expected.

��ilX: !HWi��.
*
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�1Li!:i_:
( 1) suggest:
CD to communicate or show an idea or feeling without slating it directly or giving proof: fs]:J't*j,s�-�yt
There's no absolute proof, but all the evidence suggests ( that) he's guilty. JJll..,{J;. ;1:,� �tj-/J-0 i,1.,ilk, ,{g/'Jf
�'f i,1.,ilk #. fuJ i-Xl ;j_ 1e. ;tf lR ,
@ to produce an idea in the mind: /Jrur Htr"'-E�?t
Does anything suggest itself (=Have you got any ideas about what we should do)? � ffl-�f-1t z. , 1� �
-ili-v.!!J?
(2) �*grey�g�•fflii,Jt.fi:
grey area: "''�� Y BIJJff!J,1, �_w,911J"'r�11jfr(Ji]:f.�.g- a situation which is not clear or where the rnles are not

*1t � z
known
The difference between gross negligence and recklessness is a legal grey area. Ji.t.,t-:k. ��ff
le] (ifJ !.19-� f'*#J:.e-0 .& � !H� o
(3) burdenl¥J;ltfil!.ffl\lt:
CD burden of proof: �iHiE)tff
@ burden v. :im:ffH!i"f�A
I don't want to burden (=trouble) you with my problems. �;f-iffl.il:1;\; ffil � i!9 )'a] Mil.$.ni o
burdensome: :Im�� causing difficulties or work
a burdensome task ���t!'f{Jff*

53
 Questions 14-22

• @§ ��: GAP FILLING

• !1fil §ffrHJr:
��� -'f-ffltsf&ff. 69 /m� 0

�� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r

proportion/people over 第二段：smaller 根据第二段中…are troubling a smaller proportion，可知
14 65/age-related medical proportion 正确答案为B。
problems

speed 第二段：accelerate 根据第二段中the rate at which these diseases are declining

continues to accelerate，rate与speed近义，可知正确答案
15
是I。

past 第三段中1982/not 第三段中提到the problems doctors accepted as normal in a

appearing 65-year-old in 1982 are often not appearing until people are
16 70 or 75，第二段提到数据是1994年采集的，所以1982
代表了the past，疾病由65岁推迟到70或者75岁才发
作，显然是later。正确答案是F。

due to developments 第四段中medical 第四段开头提到certain diseases are beating a retreat in the

advances face of medical advances，表明有些疾病是被医药进步
17 打败的。advances和developments是近义词，medical和
medicine是同源词。正确答案是M。

improved 第四段中 根据第四段中there may be other contributing factors.

18 contributing factors Improvements in childhood nutrition…，可知正确答案是
J。
other illnesses 第五段中poorer air 第五段提到An increase in some cancers and bronchitis may
quality/worse and reflect changing smoking habits and poorer air quality…
worse pollution 和...been exposed to worse and worse pollution，changes in
19
personal habits与changing smoking habits相对应，所以原
文提供的另一因素poorer air quality就是与答案相关的
内容。正确答案是N。

第六段中 第六段第一句中的correlation和live longer分别对应题干

link/life expectancy correlation/better- 中的link和life expectancy，所以原文的better educated就
20 是答案的原形，被选项中只有K项的education与此相
educated/live longer
符。正确答案是K。

considerable/reduction 第七段中 considerable与significant、reduction与drop分别为近义

21 significant / drop 词，再根据第七段中a significant drop in the number of
disabled old people，答案应为disabled。正确答案是G。

less/predicted 第八段中less of a
predicted与expected为同义表达，只需找 financial burden
22 financial burden/
的同义表达就可以。正确答案是A。
expected

54
Questions 23-26

• Mi El�� : SENTENCE COMPLETION

• B 1§1 forHrr ,

�� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r

第八段第一句The increasing self-reliance of many
elderly people is probably linked to a massive increase
in the use of simple home medical aids.许多老年人自
理能力的增强可能与简易家庭医疗辅助用品的广
23 home medical aids 第八段中home medical aids 泛使用有关。题干是将这句话反过来问简易家庭
医疗辅助用品有什么作用，self-reliance与
independent表达同样含义，所以选G

regular amounts of exercise与physical activity近义，regular与daily

24 第九段daily physical activity
exercise 近义，所以选E。
根据第十段中challenging activities和those who felt
in control of their lives pumped out lower levels of
feelings of control 第十段中felt in control of stress hormone. challenging activities与difficult
25
over life their lives situations近义，lower levels of stress hormones自然
压力就小。正确答案是H。
第十一段中emotionally feelings of loneliness与emotionally isolated近义，所
26 feelings of loneliness isolated/higher levels of stress 以选C。
hormones

老龄人口健康依旧

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READING PASSAGE 3

{21;:t& -jjf_B}J j:
±:� -i-Hti'..�:l:.
fi!i� ;f;-.ft: iHHI.J :l �;t: x.,
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,�a:-4i:��M4ff��•kft�*�**•
�t Ji...f.l: lt q: ;J'i!J �-{l!t. .-t-� 11:j A"
' 7' .ft : if ft -f Jt}l %..ffi.. � 1/lbl.1I} ?.� fB ;/i.<} :.I;_ if.;/i.1it Jll al; JL # if t° � 't' o
,�a: !M:.-�fithal.Ji'..�=

56
 (J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

R�
numeration n.Tr� facility n. Di�, .IJ:l.
intellectual aaj. ll JJ ..t im remarkable a<�i- ,��(fl
feat /l, ){±��

BBU
sequence n. }¥:91] settle v.5:Ef.5
concept n.�� sophisticated adj. ;'!{ti1,l'J{J
tribe n.$fi paramount adj. f.&j;Jj[�!'J{J

�-*
engage V. �.!§' serni-pem1anent adj. �1'K�Fm
reflect on

�SEffl�
arithmetic n.�# confusion n. 7l'e&
indigenous adj. 4'.±im suffice ad). Jt)E(t.)
accompany v.#� aspect !I. 1Jffil
resolve V. ifi!{,tR;

taamtt.::!
· trace back *WI denote V. ¼_�ffe; fetffe
version n.Jl&:$: witness 11. iiEA
interchangeable ad). r.iJ 1Lltk: Ef{J
--

fundamental adj. **im elementary adj. £:$:a{J

abstract adj. tll�l'J{J hindrance n. �ll.�
attachment n. �Hit& register V. ic.JR; :ill:A
conceive v.�,� notational adj. 1'ff� fm
distinct adj. :;F�im; J!!!Wff.l

trace n. J�i2t relics n. illti2t

canoe n. J!.lvt:f.J- diversity n. $�1':E
measure n. lJ!IJ ffl:J¥!.1:v:.

intermix v. ?!!it ultimately adv. l&�

pebble n. 1]\l��JE memonse V. ic.·tl
oonvenience 12. 1J-(gf

57
 Questions 27-31

• �@I �ID!: SENTENCE C01v1PLETlON

*
• ll! 13 fWftfr :
ll!Jftl 'F �:J'is@: :§: B<J/l! � a

Ill!� �ffi:im 3tr:f:immz,� lm§lffi!H.lr

As they began to settle，grow plants and herd animals，the
need for a sophisticated number system became paramount.这
developed/system 第二段倒数第四行As 句话中sophisticated和number system分别与题干developed
27 of numbering they began to settle...
和system of numbering是近义词，因此只要找出与grow
became paramount
plants and herd animals近义的选项即可，显然farming可以
代替。因此正确答案为B。

根据第三段中But in real situations the number and words

are often accompanied by gestures to help resolve any
第三段第四行gestures/ confusion.和这句话之前所举的具体例子中表示数字的词
28 hand signal resolve confusion 有限，即题干E表达的the range of number words was
restricted，gestures又与hand signal互为近义词，所以正确
答案是E。

The average person in the seventh century in Europe was not

seventh-century as familiar with numbers as we are today. In fact，to qualify as
Europe/count to a 第四段中最后两句 a witness in a court of law a man had to be able to count to
29
certain number nine! count to nine与count to a certain number近义，a
witness in a court of law与题干A的fulfill a civic role近义。正
确答案是A。

第五段：abstract idea/ 第五段第一句说…see that a number is really an abstract

particular objects/ idea...最后一句说…independent of the object being
concept/physical
30 independent of referenced，the individual is...from there，to arithmetic.题干
objects
中concepts和physical objects分别与abstract idea和particular
objects互为近义词。正确答案是C。
第六段中：the very 根据第六段开头the very first stages和第二句中the class of
31 class of item first stages/the class of the item得出正确答案是G。
the item

Questions 32-40

• � § �� : TRUE/ FALSE / NOT GIVEN

• Im F-1 ffllHfr :

32. For the earliest tribes, the concept of sufficiency was more important than the concept of quantity.

���x 对早期部落而言，充足这一概念比数量更重要。

5E{\'ij� the earliest tribes

58
 ffffnM;'IHJJ!'.=1- sufficiency/more important/quantity

第二段中...their considerations would have been more of the kind Is this enough? rather than
.>C 9" X•tli\L� How many?(他们会更多地考虑“够了吗?”而不是“有多少?”)sufficiency与quantity

��
分别和Is this enough与How many对应。
TRUE

33. Indigenous Tasmanians used only four terms to indicate numbers of objects.

�;;1§-�Jt 塔斯马尼亚土著人只使用四个词来表示物体的数量。
JEW:iii.l Tasmanians
ffif.1JJ:i5dlt\"¥ Four

X9"Xt$.,?!,
第三段：The indigenous peoples of Tasmania were only able to count one，two，many.只
有三个词而不是四个。

�� FALSE

34. Some peoples with simple number systems use body language to prevent misunderstanding of
expressions of number.
�;;1§-wx �@.Rfffiil"1iiit!i&�¥a<JR;�UAA:�i!�*llJi.Ll:.x-tfl"¥*:it%.i\:a<J�Mo
JEffr-i/iJ peoples with simple number systems

ffffnM;'IHJJ!'.=1- body language/ prevent misunderstanding

tfE::::31: 9" But in real situations the number and words are often accompanied by gesture
.>C 9" X•tli\L�
to help resolve any confusion.

�� TRUE

35. All cultures have been able to express large numbers clearly.
��.>( Ffr ff 89 X 1-t� �� Wt� lt* :it :k�"r o
-
JE{fti'ir.l large numbers

Jw'Hill*W!"r all

� ll!l 6: � - 'AJ : The lack of ability of some cultures to deal with large numbers is no
x r.p x.-.t1.i'iz,� really surprising. ( -�::X::1-t/JiRY:lll:3:fil.�:k!i&"ra<JtilijJ, �#�� A'tlllWo )

�� FALSE

36. The word 'thousand' has Anglo-Saxon origins.

��w:::x:: "=f "� 1-i1u 71&\ -'f1,H�fl--fflH'l�ift o

JEf.ftii/.] Anglo-Saxon

mflfil*ffl!"r thousand

59
 � !ITlf.\!JJHIJ: ilJi;5c7 lHc., "teon" -i��:fi nJ t;.t l:j��::@--fitisl�iif cp a<JifiJiit
t

.>C 9" X•tli\L� *5f,;

"tachund" Ei,li;"hund" ;l<!EIJ<:� , 1251 Jlt I oo·ar jg "hu11d teontig"I&� ·'-HI�+" o :tHif'i
t!HIJ"'f"o
�� NOT GIVEN

37. In general, people in seventh-century Europe had poor counting ability.

'ft'�i-f-:::ie 一般而言，7世纪的欧洲人计数能力不佳。
5:E{.lL� seventh-century Europe
Jw'Hill*W!"r poor counting ability
X cp 1;f; lTil f& : The average person in the seventh century in Europe was not as familiar
.>C 9" X•tli\L� with numbers as we are today. In fact, to quali(y as a witness in a court of law a man had
to be able to count to nine! �ilJ9fM'.nJ!;.lfFiiEA, JE.!R.:l-tf.{fjjgflz.� o
�� TRUE

38.In the Tsimshian language,the number for long objects and canoes is expressed with the same word.

���:::ie 在塔斯马尼亚语言中，表达长条物体和表达独木舟的数量用的是同一个词。
-5:E{ftiiiJ Tsirnshian language

Jw'Hill*W!"r Tsimshian language

� T\ i3i cp ...distinct sets of words for numbers according to the class of the item being
.>C 9" X•tli\L� counted: ... for long objects ... , for canoes....
�� FALSE

39. The Tsimshian language contains both older and newer systems of counting.
·�51J·l>f-x 塔斯马尼亚语言中既有旧的计数体系也有新的计数体系。
5:E{.ili,ij Tsirnshian language

)ijlj\��ffl1* older and newer systems of counting

�/,g\l:fflj��-=-'li]lt seems that the last is a later development while the first six groups
.>C 9" X•tli\L� show the relics of an older system. ( �-®,!�:lil:F□-t.fliiiJii¾F□,lt�.RikB<J, mflfir;;�;Ji)jjlj
*�r!5"1-t+t�n�B<J*�o )
�� TRUE

40. Early peoples found it easier to count by using their fingers rather than a group of pebbles.
�51J�>C 原始人发现用手计数比用鹅卵石更容易。
5:E{ftiil) early peoples / fingers I pebbles
Jw'Hill*W!"r easier
�-tt.li�r: it�:5j�*;f!!{�B<J%JixJf�F1i::J1H§�' �j<J�ffl�:fr::�nJ��ll.ht��
.>C 9" X•tli\L� �8/iffl-·:ltU:1 T, -�i:;ti-*-1l�*it��s<J-=f�·f-tt¥*:iltfiiHL ��tEl:f!J.=.#%5�
JJt a<J tttl't o
�� NOT GIVEN

60
 计数发展史

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61
 .·WRITINC

TASKl

In 2000 the most preferred mode of travel is by car with 4806 people. There's a noticable
decrease in public transportation locally where it dropped from 429 people in 1985 to 274 p_eople in
2000. However the long distance bus rides is much more preferred by people as its figures are more
than doubled in the last 15 years. People who chose to walk or cycle are decreased slightly in 2000
which probably made people to take the take the train more often. There's a significant increase in
the numbers of people who travelled by train. It jumped from 289 in 1985 to 366 in 2000. This
makes the train second popular mode of transportation. The biggest leap in the chart is the increase
of taxi users who are tripled in 2000 with 42 people, where it was only 13 in 1985.
Apart from all this modes of travel, there are some more different types of travel as well of
course. Number of people choosing different modes of travel is rapidly increased from 450 to 585 in
2000.

20OO&f-lii'.W:�iffii'!�3(ifil;f�;JiHJUM�:!f-, ::feI48O6A. o {ll!J:Jl�:!1!!0�3(:Jm�,A..�::{ef lY:JH�"'f�, M.1895

,lf-�429A.��¥1J20OO,¥a{J274A.o {�**�0��$�1'r£'.W:A.fr1�ifl!, :f:E:i:J: =tI:: I 5,¥.111,A..flil* 7 -ffl
$ 0 2OOO1f-:J2l;3:ttHT�!¥.f F-1 fi:!f-a<JA.�ffl1f"'f �f, -!!Hi.A.f1l1!$:!l!!**.;J<:!f-, M.19ss,¥a<i2s9,A..�;1Ja¥1J2O0O
,¥� 366A o J!{ll!1f;/($�1:Jffi ='.W:�iffi �3(:iffiI� o � 'fl � Kl&fc� �** /:1Hli$ B':J A� M.1985,¥� 13
1

A.it:t*�J2O0O13942A. JL-3f�l!kivJ1¥J�ffl
I 0

� T :i!®3(ii!i 1i:i'-UH'r, ��:iI1f JJLl a<i 1:1H=r1.r� o :l2l;3:t§lLl (f13(:lm 1.f;:t 1:1:rff� A.�M.4so.A.fil��1J□ tLl
20OO!ipa<J585A. o

?t�fr
;,t;.:x1f?t6o
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-�5f!l � z;/Ji!� a<J� .iHJ.lf! �ffl o
-�·ill': X:iJJ.i\ ti-f<jJQJ:introduction( �i-l't): The chart shows the average number of miles travelled per person

62
 per year in England from 1985 to 2000.��Ji�'§.'�OO*a<.Hiff�M:tRVJ&BtfEiJ:itl!.,1�0 :.t§�}llf.l/!!3iii'iin� § Ii 13
;j;TTIIl*siJiJVYHtJt*, {l�F!lNi1f-:;fff�P.�:tl,, im�1il-'JJlliJ:ll:� o
f1'f,\�1B9x{-I::
.:t:EJl/i3ti!t:4t�m-at.o\I�,tm!±\,g,:!ftJ:.WJ?!Ht, 11P#JA4i:i:<¥,�efi,({1,JEffil��!(Jif:/.IIJ: On average, the miles
travelled per person per year increased from 4740 miles in 1985 to 6475 miles in 2000.
In 2000 the most preferred mode of travel is by car with 4806 people. 1tJ/Urf,ii::ff �, 4806;.Jik3fl-:r1Jfij:)...&�
*1J��$)J(ffrag�_m-� , ffil:;f:Jikt!:Jfi A�o 4806 peopleJiiJ:ll::;l,J4806 mileso
tl§fUl:�iiiJ(t(J �i!=fmffl:
�-=: 1ut!i"Its figures"P EliJitsmfl:'..J:.-1i]i,si:p ${]the long distance bus ride o It jumped from 289 in 1985 to 366
in 2000. �-1iJ 4189 itm ftJ: 1iJ i:p (19 the number of people who travelled by train o This makes the train second
popular mode of transportation. Thismf-t.J:-'AJt!i" a
{.g§°lnJR2:
at�: In 2000 the most preferred mode of travel is by car... :f/nJ£E19¾2000<'¥-, @�ffl-�:u¾Bt, isi&:;1,J
was o
.± WI- 3&: However the long distance bus rides is much more preferred ...
distance bus ride o
* 1-U .1: i-! li!I 1,J 1ji � the long

4?; if/Jljt;l�: There's a significant increase in the numbers of peopie who travelled by train. :2(i.:1i] lflnumbers
@:19number o
1&'.#J i!�: ...as its figures are more than doubled in the last 15 years.
People who chose to walk or cycle are decreased slightly in 2000...
...the increase of taxi users who are tripled in 2000 with 42 people.
Number of people choosing different modes of travel is rapidly increased...
J.l.J,J:. !!Y1;Jtsr.p a%/.Jiii.lffl\:;f�� ffl�;/]ig� o double, decrease, triple, increasetl\i'iJ Ll.1..fflfF:;fliz!!w);/J�, .ffl
.±zs/Jfa-�o

TASK2

Successful sports professionals ca11 earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions.
Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair.
Discuss boti1 these views and give your own opinion.

;frl./A8J,i;1t1t!?.!J!�l\,q_illi_a�A±ffl ��. �lJJa{JM.l&�i;/Jm fi�¾°t1!$a9� o -@J.,. iA:19�¾%�-itllllsiJ, im

;1t{t11.Am1J19& w�-� o i-tit::��frm.�JHI¾.'±l-1/J, a{]�� o

As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and
celebrities, and those at the top are paid huge salaries. Just like movie stars, they live extravagant
lltest'iles with huge houses and cars.

63
 Many people find their rewa.rds unfair, especially when comparing these super salaries with those of
top surgeons or research scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing
the country. However, sports salaries are not determined by considering the contribution to society a
person makes, or the level of responsibility he or she holds. Instead, they reflect the public popularity of
sport in general and the level of public support that successful stars can generate. So the notion of
"fairness" is not the issue.
Those who feel that sports stars' salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals
with real talent are very few, and the money is a recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to
be successful. Competition is constant and a player is tested every time they perform in their relatively
short career. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. So all of
these factors may justify the lluge earnings.
Personally, I think that the amount of money such sports stars make is more justified than the huge
earnings of movie stars, but at the same time, it indicates that our society places more value on sport than
on rnora essential professions and achievements.

��-����*�.am��OO-�!Ul��;/Jm•T�£��A.U�M&B¥RmR• ■ �Aa
�OfliJ�JljajjJIHJ�;W, {tp,f(J:tJ:tf�i�B-)4:f.s, 1±��, :ff� $a
i,t-J;A:w.;1iJUljl�;!Jm (i(J�R/jll�i)-J:!1!, Jt,;!t:llHfl{tp,ffJ�jl!/jfJHn]H».@.:4:, f4�-, �:M";fll� :f/Jj�JJ!OO
*!Ul-�ili��-�-��Affi���-affl•• ill;IJm��A�¾EB�ffD<ttt���-m��.;fll�ffJ
�ml'l{J!iRJ1fjl!/j1�-ili.1j;{ef**o {tti.11l��A&��--�-�..t�1f�0�vitfiJl;fn.�l'l{J�1fim£§'r�:/i�0
�:si:*fio l?SIJlt, 0.iE��agffi��Jlt�jj[fflo
��@1.it:/i�1fim&��t&A�il-i.i�Ja<JJ-.iJ-;1;J: W1'f$i.iE;;j--=f�ll,q��791mf{t:mP, fi!!.ff}J,l'l{J��
JJ\\ TM.lflt1i-�Jifr&H'li�ttfrtl��•agiJ..1:iJ o ��z;11mffi�§iii'tUl'l{JJiRjl�JJilf!, Jt$JG:91:;r:a:. m-=F-4iJ­
& e{J *�Mll5���� � 0 -�x;j{tp,{f]fll'[Jlo � lli:JJ:/ltk , ftMrJJL:P. Iii1'f tt-z.
l\Ml. 0 Jifr � �� � trPJ � ff!HfiWi
1&A l'l{J ,frJj[·f1 a
�t1'-AiA.:1-J;fll�£(19 e i'i�Affi lt . ���"ff fj,fJ £� � �J!il-JJI! 0 {_§)=j Jlt J'il'J B;j ' � 1'-:WU� � fm±
r
�ffi: ¾\�ff 11: ;lt{t'1.1!�� a<JlfR�

:H·-rfr
;;4,;.Jc1.Jt±��ffllm, itit�JmM a fF1.Jitit:�!1£i:M, *Jc�fl=::tnt;:,fjl;��-��I iliffl/l!i, 51:ftfll.)Nli$
lf::ag� a : W� � £l'l{Jr,lli �A:Ji\:�il-JJ!!a � =EIHJ!ili &::trx!il..� , -mnJt.iJ.-1.JlfR��z;1Jm �A:tJ:illli :;f-frJJ!.&

ffiliil � &�a
� =f.9:m:
Jll!EB o 5HJra-J�illi;IJ.m �ilfli1&A;fll;ltfl!!.:i:�fi�.A.±��A:itl:fi T ;;(•jtta fl=�:(:Em:te&:ti:fdl!Etl zsillfi 7
ili iE 1f m1..� , -ili.�¾v-1.J llfu&� ;/J m ill!i t&A-frJJ! l'l{J A B<J x!il..� ,
� a ils��it:l&!tL�� El B a<Jx!il..�, :J-ii ili !�ff PA £:Jt�J; B9-fr:l.l!!z.6d: a
*:izl:fiieiil: , :/JO � 5i:

�1=. �ff��111JcFt-J 1'iJ �.i'l! !!j!: :53 �:MJ...t �.iJZ-�tt VJ..&�nMJJt:i:1:i<t ttill:fiitfilJl �w :±Im a

Jl-lif.J�t-Y::
"t&Aifli", Im§ i:p .ffi B9¾earn a great deal of money, Jcr:p JL6d::lil!:tf :$}§Jijill(�•Tare paid huge salaries,
super salaries, huge eamings o
"i,k.1.J", Jcr:p:,HJiJ.ffiTfind, tee), ;filthink� o

64
 SPEAK
', I NG-.'

PART 1

:t£ffi-til?t. �11�11-m § c..:JHJeiA�1:!J-15L �Fo:JT:Jf�1HJL1�. �t1:1�m:��, a1feJ, :IIB.���

m:f�.!f, o �'§ijfF*�IE��1:!'.!9�33, I�, {Hili.tl'tft!!;j{j�ffllffi�:JfmfoJo

Musical instruments
I. Vlh1ch instrumcnt do you like l!,tc·mng ltJ most'' ( \Vhy: )
I think I definitely prefer listening to the guitar, more than any other instruments. Especially acoustic guitars.
There's just something very beautiful and soothing about it; it can sound simple, but you can also play more
complicated pieces of music with it
acoustic guitar ;;Jc. tf -ft

., I lave you ever learned to piny a mu,ical instrument'.' I Wind1 une'!)

I learned how to play the piano when I was younger. But I can't stand it It was too boring and too difficult,
besides, I didn't like to practice.

J. Do you L11mk children ,hould !t:arn lll.play a rnusiL'al 1n,1n11n••n1 a: s, Ji,,l>I' 1 ·., hy \\ hy no,''
Oh, I think that music is a very important part of a person's education. Being able to make music is a wonderful
talent to have. As with many other things, the earlier you start learning, the better.

4. l lo\\ easy would it be tt, learn to riay :rn m;tru1rn:nl w1:hout a 1ead1Lr'' 1 Why-! I
That would depend on the instrument, I guess, Some instruments are fairly simple to play, like a mouth organ
or a guitar, and you can learn from books. For other instruments, I think you'd probably need a teacher.
mouth organ tJ '¾f.

PART2

�'g��1:-*ffllffi""F( Cue Card) o �1:_:ff 1Jt½lrfi4klltfa], .:J:f:pJ l),J,��i,c, o Zfa"�1;:��1~2�Ef9�

:i!o �1:m:5cm, �11�:tt�1:!'.!9fi'p]J!p;j�!ft-im�ffi�fii],W, ea�·1:_#lf(fllr�lfil� o

65
 Describe something healthy you enjoy doing.
You should say:
what you do
where you do it
who you do it with
and explain why you think doing this is healthy.

Well ... um, you know I'm not a particularly sporty person-I'm actually quite lazy! But one thing J
-�Ila
do like to do is to go to the spa.
fil:Ifn
There's a spa not too far away from where I work, that [ like to go to on a regular basis. Sometimes
JdiUI:
my morn or my sister comes with me, and sometimes I invite some of my colleagues after work.
14:m#J
There's a really big pool there, which is great, because swimming is one of the best forms of exercise.
My morn and I could swim back and forth for ages! We go swimming in the pool, take a long sauna,
have a massage, get our faces done, get our fingernails manicured-the whole works!
Afterwards you just feel so relaxed, and clean and fresh-it's a wonderful feeling, especially since this
rnt�
city can be so dirty, grimy and polluted! Going to the spa is great for your skin, gives you good
exercise, relaxes any tense muscles, is good for your heart-and most of all it relieves pressure from
your mind and gives you some time to spend with others. After you get home from the spa, and go to
bed, you always have deep sound sleep: which is wonderful for your health.

sporty � # 7-.V,_
. a<J get our faces done 1i\l im fH!i'c�
spa ?)<fr manicure 1�� Efl
on a regular basis 00 ,it at fiiJ ii� grimy /ii£�
sauna !fc:$: tense .i)llj 'f e9
massage *IJ deep sound sleep il)Jt It a�

PART3

�'g .q��oo�m�=$?tcJI $ ili*a�-� 1:ttitlla��m;nl!iiti:frit� c ��$?t�ia'.®.i¾�tffi=ms?t

tlliff--t pg $ B9l'3iHtfrl ffi Ji€ o

Keeping fit and healthy

1. What do most people do to keep fit in China?
It differs from place to place, and person to person. The older generation enjoys Taiji, some aerobics, walking
or jogging in the park. Yollnger people often like team sports, such as basketball or football, and many go to
the gym. People drink different types of tea, go on special diets, or take some sort of herbal medicine to stay
fit and healthy.
aerobics ;(;j°��:;h herbal medicine :f. Pi
go to the gym i-� Ji!' fir

66
2. How important is it for people to do some regular physical exercise?
Very important - your life could depend Oil it. Everybody needs to have regular exercise; I read somewhere
that even just 8 minutes of solid exercise to get your heart pumping is enough to do the trick. A lot of diseases,
heart attacks, and health problems could be prevented through consistent exercise.
solid exercise � �{[{£ a(Jtfl!.1% consistent#� il�
do the trick f ffl

Health and modern lifestyles

I. Why do some people think that modem lifestyles are not healthy ?
Well, with so much processed food and so little time to exercise and pollution in almost 1.:very ,phere of life, it
is easy to see why tl:ie modem lifestyle is not healthy. With so many people moving to the cities and the cities
becoming overcrowded, which leads to congestion and massive traffic jams, you can see why it is becoming
more and more difficult to have a healthy lifestyle. Pressure is another big issue that comes from today's frantic
way of living.
congestion i½ �

2. 'Why do some people choose to lead unhealthy lives?

A lot of people just can't help it as they are almost forced by the circumstances to lead unhealthy lives. It is so
much easier to light up a cigarette when tension and pressure levels rise than it is to go out for a walk or a jog
to relieve pressure. Likewise when the day is done, why not relax with your buddies over some drinks at a bar,
than take a little time to get quiet and mediatate and feel your worries just melt away.
likewise [ii]#, -t!1. meditate��-

3. Should individuals or governments be responsible for making people's lifestyle healthy?

Governments should just stay out of people's lifestyle. Individuals should take responsibility for their lifestyles.
If they are leading a life that is in effect killing them slowly each day, then they should look around at what
other lifestyles are available to them.
in effect f}..11' f¥l J:. #: ft

4. What could be done to encourage people to live in a healthy way?

Well, there are many methods to encourage people to live in a healthy way. You could have athletes that lead a
healthy lifestyle encourage others to get exercise eveiy day. You could have actors and actresses promote a
healthy way of living. Of course educating people about the advantages of healthy living is also important to
encouraging others to live healthy lifestyles.

67
Test 3

SECTION 1

� �: �ic.:I.A-'.£
��:Jxfl�: �-l'f.1-t ,[.
$:i • : {!lfr-Jf- i'

*tm:Stf'r-�BT �lrrf r' aMIH'c$=E'.o �-1'-:%1:���l±l 00 OO�zfl54H·t��JE(l9 o Jill;:? H9#�lHfi

$, �ll: fis:Wlt?�(Br. Current account, Am. Savings account), �:Wlt?�(Deposit account), :ltli'il�r' (Joint
account)�� o � i:p;Jtli'i.JJill;:? ffi{ffiiJ-1IffiiPT �.1-lflt�, ��¾ffi��-UHrb"!lc? , lflt�at &:,®ilf W,j 1'" A
��o

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

current adj. t)iii;IJ B9 detail n. ��

application n. $m' deposit n.&v. ff�
spelling n. m'.51 leaflet n. �·; m:vr
previous adj. J:-1'", �y(J(l9 joint adj. 19c-€f (19
profession n. 1z .\lk ' !Ul.\lk occupation n. l{H.\lk
securi� -n.;tc� . -· identity n. :!itf�
minimum n. &adj. :iiVH·-·- H9),
·
:lil!Mil:C H9) Indonesian n.&adj._�Ji)eIDf]E( B9)
statement n. «Hr1flflt�ic¾
- transfer v. �' �.illf
insurance n.�� register v. t±Jllr

current account ffii;IJ.OOlcr'' mWJJill;:p deposit account �Mf?�r'

joint account J9c1}Jill;:,P , ���r' credit card {�ffl�
Visa
- !t�{t.ffl� Master card JHJJZi�-·-- -·

American Express �00��� Barclays B % �@fi-� 00 il'Uf � H9 ffi fi

City Bank �tdHtHr-� 00 :lUf ii a<J@ z-
fiz- reference 介绍信
ATM(Automated Teller Machine) § i;/JfHl�1JL

68
 I - 1i.'... ·,L ii.. n1, I

•�*�� *
1. We have different types--! see you have got our leaflet there. �-111.;tf �# ;r,;: J6J �� ftlJ ( ��f' ) , 1,t- e.,�;ff �
1n <1J �##.!f. r o �rrff 45-flt �li5l �mur1Ji 13 , oo Ji . ::k$�11H'rffil�*1JJfH� 1trilnt1Jt�
� § :l!l:fi��iit�;JU(tgfi-m O tE:Jf ,P zmr' ��:ltk00��c@fi-m¾+5f�,��o
2. It's a less common spelling of the name. :i!t-.£ � ft!J#-15 ;ff J,;r,;: :k. � ..!t o fzslt.JJiiJi%'.¾-1-f.i �A, lrr�l�
5¥ tJ<Jt#'.&i .!:§"�tlf tp �A��:;tc-f-f o -!iffl & "f , �Wt 9-1 �1-J...i. 9-1 a<J "n" �Xll'.&i B<J o
3. But we normally ask for a previous address in that case. $',\ft�1lfl#ft/Ji�, -ilt.111-M:.-�*-ill.*--'i'" i·:l fr. 61):l!!!,
hl. o �E� �jJ� r1 f:l9$::@:$� o
4. Now we usually ask for a piece of information which we can use Lo check your identity, for security reasons..t�
111-M::k��-,-JU,t,.t,t*-*-"1t.t, m �.iJ11,t 1t-ft/J �'lll'- , i!.;t;,,; T �1:-�Jt, :.2fi:'i'iJJ:j"J "now"-Jf:::FiH�"�
:ff", mf ..R¾-1-i-R�Ili. riiiJo l:t�ll: Now if you'd asked me yesterday, I would have said yes.:izfl:lf!:iB,fl1.=:3c�>.K
tJ<Jl!fr, �gt��ti:T o
5. Well, I am going to transfer 2,000 Euros from my Dutch account,just till I get paid. J1l> ¼, �����.t,/f ::t {r-J
;it/' #2000W:.it( .f1J:i!t-J1tci' J::.), ..1i..f1J .tUt4UHl o 2fi:1,J 9-11¥J"we ll"tf!¾-1-i�fl;/. iiiJ, ��t¥JJ1J�*
r

J/...o
6. Ifwe have links with them we can do a direct transfer. $'At-ilt. 1f1:f"11!!.1f1 ( .t�ii!r j:.t,Utl ftlJ .Q,./-H/J .l. ft/J#i �A
4Mt )� ( fi.ili:&- ):i!-t.i�1'.t, �1f1-T v.A1i..:IHHt a
*
7. How often would you like to receive statements? 1.1�� J 8']-Jal ilt.f1]-ik.4Mt4�itie. fit�? "How often"
�µijfii]�$(t9:litllt .ffll'l9�fiiliil.l o "st atement"E19!ifl:f!t�"lf/i;:i!", tl:Jlt'3I $ jg"fflfi�.&i, -1:IH'rflli§-B.lt:tf¾
.mfi:{f-llit.�ic�-"f:l(J�.mo
8, I was thinking of registering for your internet service at some stage. 4ll!Jl.;(E.-;t.t'rlJ !lf1t.t£.1,t-1f1J!jt ii-/lJJ-ll.iJ it,.
Jll¾ o "was/were doing"¾i:t*ilifiBt�, �jgtE{fil iM;i;s(iJlltf!%E.r£:i:£li1T o "at some stage"ur�¾"tl:;w_:
1-l!fl"f&B.ltat 1�" 0

� I/ffi~ffiI0/ffi¾�i2�£R!, xlr:ll:#[l�¾:;h;:::ko ffi-R!��-"select"m.t?.iffi:�, {§.-@�1::"PJBEfl

�jg¥fffli:i:lr¾>!tl!1-ip.il\'.ltJ<J� J/...�m'�mf:&,� tll�-, JlUU�·*fJlfffl"FB<Jir;f,J, -�¾ "ffi·ii\;(tg, .liiMs
(tg" o ffi2/ffi89xl,�¾. tl:r.:Ji-S-lf!, 1&j;-iiJ....�11::l"-J] "iJI.Jilt¾"the first" a ffi3/ffi89�•1iH'!.'l¾-1-:tt!!.�,@
¾��9-1*mii��*•m�.M��•��El9��Aff�ffi�o M4■•1t•••.l§ffi�-�:i£.•fflA
"a month ", i!¾�Jit��fi§�EltfiiJ, mf�¾tEmTimVli!J�:tt!!.t.l::r.stt�Mi'aJ o ffis®i� -1-fl1f,t�H�.iE, mrmHJt
¾"six-oh-six", .l§uiH.lt¾"six-one-six" a ffi7R!�•mrffi� -1-:i!R&{�.til, "my wife's" o ffi8�i)itrUiiii�1-:i£.�
{�,@. "50 pounds"f!l"75 Euros" o

SECTION2

I! �: it.it, stl!I, '.t.m..6J -'f

��:It�: J1.#.1t .t
iw :II: �.,11.-!f--�

69
 •••®•s��ffi������ffi�.���•
-��*ffl�-��a<J. *H**fflt'.!<J¾�a
"Sebastian George" B<J@Nr. X. �1:r-J;"'f-.�1!1*%17 {tll� !%-=f fl9
••m&.@-=r-a<J���m�R•.�••��&••
�i)l��.

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

tenant n. !%� hesitation n. a)tfg(

running water 13*7.I<. devastate V. 19!,t,& j;J fl!Uffi'
haven n. lllfx!EYi' privacy n. IWffL,
mullion n.&v. UH)W��:tk<*ff) sandstone n. :rt!,·:'5
tile n. 1ff.. brick n. "Ji·!f
chimney stack Wl®'ilf clay It. ia:± . i� ±
oak n.�� orchard 11. W:lm
greenhouse n.1,W,,� exotic adj. :>1l·INB'�. 1/fJF�
mulberry n.�E wander v. �WJ. mtv
souvenir n. 21t�1 far side :ii!;�
estate 11.!%F signpost 11. 1 �H:, �tff-
footbridge n. }._ :jj;j,Jt-, tv"fiffi' woodlru1d 11• .#11!!
welcome adj. ��if!!a(J, �H<J shade n. �JlW.:
mill n. �E'i;· stunning adj. •t)l-(}._Ef<J

i�nr¾�
valley 11. Ll1� dale fl. �
rocky adj. $�a<J citrus /l. ffl��
pomelo I!. mi-=r- grapefruit II. lfl�flil
guava I!. ffi'�:m, cave ll, YlfiJ1(
hike v. tvfi hike out ii'&�
drift 11.&v. �mi villa n. j}I]�!
·-·

manor 11. El:P.il rose n. �WJ,

lily fl. 13'1!, carnation n. �P1!)f

l. At that time the owners let it out to a tenant because George was too slow making up his mind to buy it. 1li at ,
,¾ .i.;Je.'t;{Jl.Ul--1-,t-.¾:t., ll;J :JJ ;ff.H,#,�;r- ,t., ;r- ��G)j r ;Jc•�* r 'S. m'PJ�
a<J"be slow doing sth. "ff:!
11HF!�zi11.
2. He was no longer on speaking terms with his brother and had been devastated by the death at the age of seven
x
of his elder daughter, Josephine. 'ki at, 1�:ifo-itt {i/J J1... if, ;r- iJL-i�, ,lii1� 7 P -l.c Josephine fr-J Jt � i.1-!tl!,;t&. :Ji i!!;.
lfl'1 o "be on speaking terms with sb."El<J:i,l.,l!'.\¾"Ei�A��fi-l'f1firriB'�3Cvrt''.

70
3. George regarded Rosewood as a pure example of a traditional country house of Lhis part of England and did
some of his most successful writing here. Jf-i1;iA.�Rosewood.>l.:Jit:t&-�:i$.-� IR # itu ft tHi.� 11'1 �ti!:, ilri
A�,(f.�£��T�AA�ir-J-��Ao�M���tt��a���--�*�•-·���-�o�
,.r. JNJiil��1ii#lmflltiiJvn:. :i-,�:1-JltFJ �Ht� D

4. The house and its grounds became the family haven and their escape to p1ivacy and quiet. .i!.fa)f ,%-t;fo� it.±.
M!.!i'x. 1-!tl:.1f1 �� ir-J i!U/U!f, ,(f.iJ-t.1tl!.11l.:/¥f1J 1 l!t-�;fn4c- 'r o 21>:/4:iJ*�a::i:1¥.J¾ "quiet", B2'>::!1r;f-fJf�?g'.il'iJ;ft:l
��m#*�-��m¾����*�m.
5. Follow the palh marked wi111 U1e arrow and the first area you come to is the orchard on your left. 9.} ,tH.f.;tf t,\'
#dr-J ,J,�-1i-i1fr k., 1;\:f1J� ir-J 1f;- il IK:!,\1t,l.,(f.1,t-li..it!, il<J ,'Jt I&) o "orchard"Ef{J�.�.¾"*Rtl", {E!:i!BJ:iJ l:J;Jt;
�Tflt1!i�:J.:7rst��l1 •t.{f'™ o "come to"�j�};N,¾''jjljjis" o
6. As you go further down the path, there's the kitchen garden on the right :md as you go round the first sharp
corner you will find, to your left, an area where different types of pear tree have been planted as well as some
lovely flowers, and this is known as Pear Alley-designed by George himself. il} $ ,J, �jili fli ;/.i iJlf k, 1fi, ½ .(f.
;t-.i/!.�f1J �&* � 0 � 1-btf1 � -.-t .t�n
'I'::.:.., �-,i1.li.itl.�f1J-#.:M!., JJ�£# � �#�.ff-fr-J #1:#;fn-�
"f :t c� :.'t-n- o ,H.t.1Vt- :¥dH- i!U-l fr-J �# $ o � =l\i':J'el $: 1iJ :5tJiX.=.1'J t2i* fflill� , ¾1.J Titi.ti;:lOl!Jm iitl� �
fflffl&ffl��-�jj��-�.��¾1iJr��(t(J�&�#o $:'i:iJ*�m-til'iJillfi����-=
"kitchen garden"B{J.Jtl.�:/!"JI;fJ%1-t�I", rffl¾"*ru;�@", !z;I 1Ji!-tlfclr!1 illi#ffiattil¾Jlii.f!%*�-J:J:l
(t(J*-i,�l1 Wit�; "sharp corner"(i{J;i1.t}[l,¾"1'5Hf1li!i1,(:191/s'" o
7. Follow the path round the second corner and on your right you will see the entrance to the Mulberry Garden
with its 5OO-year-old tree. i11- ,t ,J,,)'.$.J1j � .::..-t-�n
� j(j:, f:j:�,(f.;t-ii!.,�i1] ��Im {r-J Ao , £ do ;tf :W;!it JJ 500
Jf-fr-J :W o "Follow the path round the second comer and on your right" */4:i]� =. 1-*1Fn{il:(t(Jili]ill�:tf­
Jm, i!t!Li,f�X;fi,q:����/vt�llf<� o
8. lfyou would like to purchase any of George's books or other souvenirs, then leave the house by the side eotrnncc,
where you will find our shop, which is situated between the house and the garage which contains the magnificent
old Rolls-Royce car which used to belong to George.1it';'lt it�� fr-;f; Mt-; A.½.>l.-J:l:.1\t!L¼,o"a , h\.&-J-{i/JfM1 f1
�*�½A�Amir-J•�-����&�;fn44�Mo$4I�;tf-M�.{i/J���•�.�i1fr����
i
aiJ n ·$:/4:iJ*Jl�j;::, 1Y.*-1"-�f4h'- -1:iJ;fill!Y-txi'.fflM./4:iJ, yj;rp�m-t��llfl�t1'£)E .1·h'-/4:iJ o
9. Spend a minute or two watching the water pass by underneath as you cross the footbridge, and then contirlue
r
along the River Walk through the woodland. � {,t, f .i± ffe {i"f1Hf..J !t,j"{tt, :t.t-vfl ;½'-{1•ot Ji:ilJ.!,i!,\l)i:.- :iff.JiUf,.,;f.J
fr-Ji"f,)<.., t�J59.5$i"Til!..•l•4"f¥�-.1i.l.i±!I'rti ,#.;;!!, o "RiverWalk''B�.,�.¾"111J!ll'i1J,JIB" o

� I l ~ 13Rii!¾m�N&I 0 �tj:1� I J��CJZ\;J'Jfi"was unsure whether to buy it" �Jnt)'C'was too slow making
up his mind 10 huy it"xff)(!}..f§ji'fj, �JflB0:/!lfiix..i;'iJ. :m 12!.\Ni¥.JAmlJii-J%X1·Jntx ",iliB;j', {1!!,;f11{tl!,!¥Jfl�:::Gi-,$ttii,
ffif{-tl!,7 ;1, ·lx3!: Josephine��:!!! il:ftM1t1'.7i!.f-rrti o "a�,�-� o � 13@i..R�tt�CmJJn * 1¥.J"typical, region"�W-Jt
*�"pure example. pa.rt ofEngland"¾ll'i1�'i.IT.IJli/t1l�?e�qUU�� o � 14/Mlitl� 17/Ml¾J:il!.II!JW, ,R�P.Jrz�trt£
:til!.IILttf�tll "lc;ti", l!Jl1-@���:t:xita * 14/Ml¾:tE*--t".�ffi�:il):"a{Jti:Jtl, J.i5ZW:¾H; � 15@:/!tE
m=-tm��;tiui, 1i?g'.J1iHUF; ffi 16ftl!i�».mrt¥�fb!tlfl �:1*, ini..E1.rrmrfl.l$�,zn3.1, mw::f!B; � 11
ll!�JUi;©:¾�$1$: !¥J JJ-Jtl, JYr IW!§H\�J1LW:�Do
� 1s~2O�:.!Hcnlt1iJr o xft�:a:=r, ffi11@�*�J§";'J{� �Wlfli, zJ§"��W.,'Bm 1 sRii!ffltt'H 9�1¥.1�
�, rfflfti!M1-���)(lfl 11\:f.mi'.t{Jf/e� l�$.lcilio 9:\ :71·, ''footbridge"r.iJfl��!z;l 1.Jti=� B{J�-/bjffiP.Jr1��:kt,lr� o
*2O/i&if��tt:\l'./ijj"'=flflB<J"go up to"��Jti:pi'.!<J"climb up to"¾!l'i1�** o

71
SECTION3

fffi � : ,t � GJ --j- ' Jl ie. #i- '.:£

��it ,ig: -A-1-f.-it .t
� :I-: ,ff:11:.-;j,JJriJll½

��IE ffi��l¥.J�-7X.fF��r-1ir11i:�, 12iJ1q�-1Xfl:�f:19J.ffi::fil�llin��!ttliX·WFl¥.J fP�o �n*�-?X.fF�

���lt65tl¥.Jils, J!:m-*-� �:lt�Pf, �JJ!U M����t:�*-*1tlf:19J.t:'#lf a

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

assignment n. fF� classical 11. &adj. ti"Aif >f.;

carry out uHr. H:lltl concert n.i'->f;�
instruction n.m� live music l3ll�1iffii¥.J-j?j->f;*��
entertainment n.�>f; department store s:Wiffim
branch n. :$}_;[ disco n. Jl!!Wi�-ff
industry n.r"'� pub n. ffiili
questionnaire n. i/3]� f\5] � club 11.1JU�$
face-to-face adj. mix�·mi 1¥.J opera house ft@Jff
observation n. XW.��r4 • XW.�!tirtli!l karaoke bar -FmOKffinE
preference n. �fk ; t/t,$t;tt leave ... out ttr�. f-lF�
pop n. mifri'-* time-scale n. (ffli;J.��$f4$t��$t�
jazz n. m-±* -�B,j-fii](ru )B.j';f;j;
folk n. &adj. �� ( (ru )i'->f.;

extension 11. �AA deadline n. :ltll �

conducta swvey :ittrr-:rvf� reference book ���
return rate @l ®:$ correspondent n. i}jfo)..A.., 5miR.!¥.t
respondent II. t/!liJi fo) A

I. Lucy, we really need to get working on this marketing assignment. .4:uJJ, � 1flJ.ft,tE.,Jl.•jJi,ff 1f"-i{.11t �fil!*;fI.
¥],ff :11:.1 o itlaJa<JJl:lH�:''to get doing sth.", 'f::f:19ff,,�,¾"3fM.lU$" o �lw-.l., J!la]ijsi:pf:19"we really
need to do sth."-ta.*:ittl:l 7 ��f:19�,m, tl1.ilf*�JiJ3cfF�f:19AtfiiJ E.¥£:iE!.:ilrf:19tili&o
2. We've only got five weeks left to the end of term to design it, carry it out, and then write up the results. iii .JIil �
�ffi����¥J��·��-�ff�a��M*Y.¥�•.:i!laJ�i:pgmi����-ffl8¾��*
*, -tli�JiHJt�tEnJIJ ZP-1 t�:i!� f4$ >1'l'J�tliH��.

72
 3. Can we mail out a questionnaire, or do face-to-face interviews. or maybe even observations? � ffllt 1f tl:! �½
l'oJJ/f., i£;t1Jt:w iitoo �m-foJ, �;f¼�Jl,�-T'?lt? "Can we do sth.?"¾tllH!:l�iS/.i&'lit J�H!(J*:it o
4. My preference would be cinema, since that's when! I spend most of my money. � �it.# <I!, ¾J 1%, l!l 7'J i!.Jt
�.;'U�iit j frliJt;t o "my preference would be ... ··��:i1:; li:1 c.Im-ft:a(J·m•,mi'if.]£1'1., ffiJilt���� o
5. Let's make it music then. J1JI � A-In ttit.# {-ff;.•�� "makc"tE�ifrr.p �-Ji" ]J�i;/Jii\'J, J.l:t:ltl:ffl � 'ftJ(, i�i:p
s(J"fli'l. r,r· o
6 . OK. we're on a roll now! � 1'i"JJ.9!..{:f.ilb'!'d,!f�it.J10i :.f1l ! "on a mH "a(j�}J],Jik "�ij�::l(.�;g, 1£���:9- rjJ " o f§!j
JIU: They have been on a bad roll. -fil!..1n#-..::..j!...=..J\l!;,fi,J$_: o
7. OK, We'll leave that out then. !ft�, -i�1fltt.:11}1\t.-'t�, �{;Jfl�l L�M:"leave ... out", �.\ll:ll!:"�'�, �F�" o

*• �21Jm~ffi24/W¾%�1D -t- o iili:ci'f.iJijj!!, ft1fHiU1£ �E\1J#21�f!1�22�J.i)ziffej;f{/6 00, ffi23�:l;t{f{

�24,'m�"listeners"(t(J5Ei�, .6Y.�¾:m�001!l�•,g�o Jtr.p, �21/!N�tf�:l!�Ff r.p (t(J"investigate one part
of" .5j J,i¥- ){ "look at one area of" 89 1i515L.. ii11 :X: � o � 22 Ii :J'li Jilt /l[m ff D.li: .!ilLl J.ii1 � '£if :IR J§ l!Jr Jtl f!-J "telephone
inte1view", ��t&'tllTiiiil'l'���ftf .@.�P{ii] o m23��ff�ffl"i n total"5E{1l. o ffi24/m�t.�$�tlj�, q;�J.jiz�:ll,
Htrrffi�2§:mi'JB>'.J"Male and female", illi�¾�Jl}§rffiM'iJt(t(J"different age groups" o
�2s:llfilitl�3o!Mi:ll!:�ic:lJ:£ o �2s:ft!;¥1:1�261ffi(t(J�:�ti:xi:p l±l �(.i<11Ie:� �t.�:llr, �29Jm��30Jmmll'iJ
JJJl.o ;l;ft!?.i'ciJ�tlHt.�iffi J'f1, !;§ jg� -=f 9"J (t9 B 9:il{f:f.fi!, it�$, $,rh JE {}L o

SECTION 4

lffi �: �#,'.iLJ.\GJ-f'
��:It�: Jl..f;j;..,ft ,!!J..
� � : ,1t _.ti f.l. a-J-1\ ·Ut-.&

tl:�15�.t, ·:?.i�B-Ht¾1:i"Ua,Ht(t(JJ&Fo-1-M'f&, ¾
VJ. {!i!ffl }ff futj :?.i. :kfif-;� a<J A�!fto nnx
1tZ1:Ji llfl' f& 0 )! -i'l �::lil,
;fOO�i5�l(P{B:R:'fl8651f:1sB\:tlh':!:lifl o �-t-A;f-1-\:;l'HilB:?.i
uatftz.Fo, �t2u"P:?.iU1t-Htifl:ttmtrnI�Jin(t(J, �'f:?.i
U-ft(t(]FoAAo•:?.i ■ -ft*�MIJJit:Htr*M.M*"��
!Ee�5000$� �2000$�/f, -"? 0

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

hunter-gatherer II,��'*** continental adj, ::k�(l{J

hypothesis /l, fllx.i�. fllx.ifrl viable adj, "� � }L � ff ifl ' fj� �!II }L Z1:
add up ijU�Jfli, 11Ui@*�¥1J}]l1\l(t(JM Ji(t(_J
:!fJ:( □) sustain V, ,{Jj/;#f-

73
 exceed v.MU:i scatter V. Wl:ff
restrict v. ��#Jtj descend V. ""f*; :iJ!t,ffl'
fleet n. /mllA., JJf}ll,\ assume v. fl!i·�
wheat n. 1]\zlz severely ad.Flt:11!!.
pottery 11.lil\i!-Jm colonise
�*kl
v. :JF11i,-1m:t.%:tli!., �llnr
botanist 1l. �!lw.l�t-� cereal n.
excavation ii. :bt:JfJl barley n. -;k.zt
husbandry n. ;&�1'., 'IP1%.�11 embed V. fl.f;f;

permanent adj. j}()I_ ft''.! plough V. t!Jf::li/! ' ��:11!!.

axe n.-:W-=f cultivation II. 3f�;&B3
exploit v. -fll!ffl ; �mu shelter 11. &v. JfE:Jf' ( P,Jr)
ample adj. $i'H-9 dwelling n. �{E:lt�
--
hollow systematically
*:O�
adj. &v. ({le):£ ad.��:lt!!.
stitch II. tt quarry n.
Neolithic adj. l);/rn$-Btf"ti¥J innovation n.1fi.�
archaeological adj. �-r5$a-9 thickness n. JJ.!Jt
practical adj. �ff}t'.!g

lithic adj. 1:i#Eltf-\:fi{J anthropology n.A��

flint II. �15° Egyptology n. � n iJf��.& 1¥J�"i:!i'$
geochronology n. :it!i.J.iJtif::f"t.� mummy n. 木乃伊
obsidian n. ffllll\'t* ( ffl*lfj!Jfj:::fi�fi{J:0
�, -!Jlt¾)< LLJ*)

1. Today, we are going to move on to the period between 4 and 6 thousand years ago, known as the Neolithic
period, which is when a total farming economy was introduced in Ireland. 4- �, A 1fl !I. �-i1t-4~6-t.!f-1iti¥)

"period"; �=
irk--AA:.-..tfr ,1; g llt1\, i!.�:!l: ir, ± �l A;t<...,lldi i]}lt-.J llt .JIJJ o �-1'-�ffi "known as the... " {�1llilluffil¥J
1'-�l=f!!(!�tt�m-.M.1Df�i'{jj"Neolithic period" o
2. Now there are several hypotheses about the origins of the first Neolithic settlers in Ireland, but most of these
contain problems. * i"-$1-.Jig llt1\i-;j)t.;fH�.. ¼#J �il.f., ;jj° Jt,#1Fl:iJL, 1J!!.kk. �?)-:iJl;jj°foJMo "first "tE�
Jt!)F¾m�-1'-, iffl¾fij�-W:o
3. The evidence doesn't really add up. i!. ��4.% ;jj° �;.ji,;:r- i!o "add up" 1¥J;t:,li!;f,;Jik "i!UlHi, 1JOitiDli:ffl.�Jll!!� l¥J
ti11:W:", �¾ □ ii�r"l�'litilil1Hl1Jffl�o
4. The farming economy would almost certainly have required much larger communities to do all the work
needed to plant and tend sufficient crops to sustain them through the year. ;t<..,li\- t:?. �½ 1; � � !, ll9 A. :iAt Ji
4�hmJt4. �-#�m-•lt-.l±�o�1iJ�ffl�¾SWM�.--¾�H-��1¥JAO���-�
;&�� 7tf o :!i3 �r, W:1i] "needed to plant and tend sufficient crops to sustain them through the year" ff:Fo .JtJi'.

74
 ii!½, {ftffi"work" o
5. There's also evidence of pigs, but it is possible that these could have been descended from the native wild
species. -1!:.,*i,:E..J;li-�a}].#j-{/J ,/},(f_, 1£--1!:.. 'iiffl't.i!.*-#l-�Jl!f .1.#1#1¥-J x;*,
6. But this method would have severely restricted the range of the colonising fleets.i!'!.�i!.#� ik-'iif fi'@.½? ][;<;j
•� '1$ � AtYJ.. €J<J ;t!t� o ";Ii! ":tililtr i'iiJ m JJJ 09 "J'!Hl.ItM� 1¥Jfl'J* :iE :i! tt lf'' , � '1 it f-f 89 fffi R.·t ;;piJ ��;:k
-:ko W<tiJfflffl-tl!�J;fHWg�o T:ESJ�ti�ffi*l¥Jffl@r./ 1, !N1'1uEtiFffi':��¾�1t!i.Jffi�, ���fflmm
{fr� o
7. The main evidence for their presence consists of impressions on pottery, where a cereal grain accidentally
embedded in the surface ofa pot before it was fired. ,J, _½,ft, k¾ ill J,t{/J 'j-�i,:E.{%,f;..il,f. -t )\i;J �.1. a<J J3i*, ( �
vf fl'@. ).,l�#J {/J #·l-tE J'l;J � it* ;!'k i1]:t.. )ifp;j_:,:'J-ilx.,ti it� eiJ � ,ii ( ,7ii e.. ) o "cereal grain":ttt 09¾�1JJ):JJUlJEi':J
"1Nlt�:k£" o
8. These so called 'axe factories' were really quarries rather than factories, as the manufacture of the axes wasn't
regularly perforrned on the quarry site. 1111'.lffo)f-i.W {/J "�.!),:LT" � f.FJ-Ax.1x.�-.:!!?.,r.h 5J,rm e.., � Ji ,till��
}.tx; c%, *�#d0',/; ]tj,jf �:lt.-�f};l\lA:i':a'-J o "so called"�j-J"Ji.Jri,ll'/IJS" o
1

9. This would have helped the pots to retain water, as they were glazed. �fl'@.il.!l�'.llc4ft-t-1it-47t, � f:J rt;; 1f1 e., ii
iA:.1.:i±:fili T o "help"Jf�,fil,¾"'WHl:IJ" !Y:J;�,1[1,, if;Q(JJ!:ttt"n�-l.l· .... •{ij�$'." o
10. This could have been an imitation of earlier vessels which were made ofleather sewn onto wood. i!. of/it�-tl
��M�-��-.��+•�**�o ��•M�ffff¾ffl��-�**L,k00·���-�­
%sS1f,f&-·HfJtll, !9rtJ·(:£J@Mili'H1-:��fmrr.t1�. �if�#!H1-!JJll.�tnL-��Wa��'ff!io

'A;3 l ~34�¾:izl;ff,\f.ii, �::J.J:izl;J1Jj� tt:.tit!l�, .eirVJx!E/t;l:ll�::k o ffi3 lf¼nl�F-f (�t �"it is not clear" :M�{IL
09*iBHli.l, -'=iffii:Xl'.f "hypotheses...contain problems" )(<j-£lZ; .!iHl:lf�tt:tt,iil;:rJicq:r� "came from" .Ejffii:X
"origins"¾�Sl**o m32�r.iJ ��·fllfU"300", ffifilft�{!ltPJrfU'jl;"(j:i!ii, �Bt A:i2P.vlf.f¾'/ti,R, x!E/Jt�:.liH&:ko
m33�1'iJ I)). :f!Jffl Pfr ¥Jj !JS "livestock" 1I�il!:fi:izl;ff o ffi34/ill,R, �PJrj1Jm;:Jt. "t' 09 "The main evidence for their
presence consists of impressions on pottery, where a cereal grain accidentally embedded in the surface of a pot
before it was fired", 8Jt��mH-.liE!iJil��B o
�35~40�¾Jc$:,t,J� o �"t', m3sJMI�tt�®I-=f 41 W'pulled" J:§_m;:Jt_ r.j:t'"drawn"¾liil.:X.*� o ffi36.W
tt:.4Jl!Ji¥£, ����tt:.�ffo!lio ffi37JMia��.$:lf'Scot land", fillt��J)!,nJr?tU o ffi38»!�tt:ttm,l1ruit, [l::J.J
J\:;ilfr�J�;t "outside", r,�,Fo;,J-fmPJr :fU�1.i'z.1llf ,l�l- "polished" o Ea�ffi39@:5J�38.®Ia���ifX "t' H:l JJil.sS.lie� It
4llili, f.§.R!!ftt�n� "t', -tl!�¾.:(cx!Eo ffi40�:::f�1L

75
 READINC.

READING PASSAGE 1

�� -Kt:si:.
.±.� itf;ir-Jill.1:.:fr,-fJ!Jlj'._.J&_
�� Ml: 1:!t-iY-J:.i-* it f;F.U!Ji�.1:. o B$l: te. :f}Ah201:!t�c.:ill�;'t jJ :fr,i}"F1J1 <r-J t;;fU!jA.o
C$l: g ;f;..�JL./f-, iil:...fir-J-.g� it JJfF J'., o D.1l: ,t ,JJF;ttj-,t!, §} aH}"Fl o
E$l: it� tj-1:!t ,)'f. IIJ JJ of.J o F$l: it JJ tj-J5 � IIJ *-ft 'r-l,
0$l: ,t§JrHt 7 it�llJl.£ 0 m.t, it�Ei�*.1:.�o

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

stunned adj. W.:fi!J 1¥.J , lff filJ 1¥.J flat adj. 3Jl,1¥.)
thrilled adj.�1¥.)

ordinary adj. �il!l.1¥.J extraordinary adj. ��1¥.), �JJUl¥.l

routine adj. '/ii'�a<J, :J:!(till�3JI1¥.J unique adj. J!lt!j,;¥1¥.J
determined adj. JfJ:E fk:,i'.,,1¥.) hypnotic adj. 110� 1¥.J
grasp v. !JR{± dynamic adj.1Ewtifis.1J�
initial adj. :ltHJJa<J

platform n. 月台 crush v. 粉碎
panic n. 恐慌

confusion n. �� imply v. llffff-

familiar adj. ��1¥.) objective adj. �Y!l\1¥.J
!
embrace v. :tlll-f±(t L¾�); Wtl!i. capture v.1$�

effect n.效果 overwhelmingly adv. llifftlf.:l::lt!!., ::k$iti{

76
 intimately adv.1&f.!i?.!!i:il!! encyclopedic adj. Eff4���Em
classical adj. ti"Aem detail II.��

massive adj. e;k� preceding adj. .$triJ 1¥J

consequence II. �:lf! magnified

t
ad). t ;k�; 1J!t'�Em
immediate adJ.1HM1<J; �$� enduring ad). t�.0. (r�
inevitably adv. -1'iiT:i!!�±t!i. legacy n. -iif=, J§'��a(,ij
appear V, fpj. 3f

a new lease of life r l£ �fir :J: a<J tf L�

"&itH,tA..:k fade V. 1.J!-@.
novelty n. ftirjjlf gimmick n. 11'fic;'&:JL
wear off t!li* fairground n. �51;:m:%

narrative n.®tJt doubt v.tf�

medium n.�1t- reel n.�$
originally adv. JJit,t;: dominant adj. �fu'.�
conceive V. ;j>i;J}�, convention n. tmf;rtJ

scream V. �p�
__unbelievab_ly adv. *�Ul:f�:il!!

I. Indeed, some said that, once this novelty had worn off, cinema would fade away.
参考译文：的确，有些人断言，一旦新奇感消失，电影就会逐渐淡出人们的视线。
语言点：
( 1) 1f�weara<Jiii.Jffi
CD wear off: �'.%, �*�141rt/ll;li: if afeeli11g or the effect of something wears off, it gradually disappears
Most patients find that the numbness from the injection wears off after about an hour. :k. $, M. � A.:#..)N...
�.i.t,J-Af fr-J $.�!S,(f..:k.il-J- ,J, !l,J-�$ )'/i iJ!. o
® wear (sth. ) away: EE 'ff'&'iitli1l fil!J=J:.1�$:�rni1e���lli;li:, :s.x:n�:JZ:JtMMc to become thin and

* �� *
disappear after repeated use or rubbing, or to cause sth. to become thin and disappear in this way
_
In some diseases, the protective layer in a joint wears away. .tf_ � 'f , -y; {r-J 1i-ir £-½�� lt,t91
m�o
@ wear sb. down: ile::lit.A.�j!;J.Bifi, xr¼:/lt!zf J.ilZX;j"j� �� to make someone feel tired and less able to deal
successfully with a situation

77
 Both. sides are trying to wear the other down by being obstinate in the negotiatlons. ;/J.-i;t!. ;1'1) 'F , �;r -:k!i M:.
+HHJr.. � l!J � Jt-t ;r :M!,Uf- o
© wear sb. out: ��A�fUt&19�frt to make someone extremely tired
Walking around a museum all day really wears you out. :!f:x.;/J. #f#J'i:t .lf.#-i;--il1!i�Ni�JJJl-.o
(2) 1i*fade89iiilt!l
CD fade away: �'l§!r�9;:, ;lc*��•!ialt1t.\iij to slowly disappear, lose importance or become weaker
Thi! voices became louder and closer and then faded away again. P {-;!!;¥:.Ni,;/;:., ,tfi, ��i!i, ».?15 -'Z i#
;#i)\J� 7 0
@ fade ( sth. ) in: tlfr�gj, ffr::k: if the picture or sound of a.film or recording fades in, or someone fades it in,
it becomes gradually stronger
@ fade (sth.) out: ffiipj, i'4fr;j, if the picture or sound of a film or recording fades out, or someone fades it
oul, it becomes gradually weaker

2. Then, in 1912, an Italian 2-hour film was huge!)' successful, and Hollywood settled upon the novel-length
narrative that remains the dominant cinematic convention of today.

·�:,!yi.f. t = E*, -:im-tc:12siW1J,1t..tEl9'.f.::k:;f1J fg,J::ff 19121ttk::fij 7 e::k:89nx.JJJ. N-Jtt:ilf��fg��ff :liff �JFJ

J

J!;fiitffia��¥*0Co �4-, i!-%:r.t-f&rt::fEEt!.�:W-��ff•l1ltf§tl:a'.;89Mt�!tMuo

i�•:rc;-,;,.r5
, 1· i:=l , .. , :

( I ) � *settle 89ili.lill :
CD settle down: !i.'Mf::&Fm, �nil! 1i1.K to become.familia,· with a place and to feel happy and co11fident in it
She quickly settled down in her new house/job/school. :lit!!All:.+k:i!.& j �1:i:.P)f/..f/r .:C.,tj;:/,1,t��o
ffJ!f.l*Btl'r:U;fll�11l/i�m::fE;J\i;-:i1!!fr to start living in a place where you intend to stay for
a long time, usually with your partner
Eventually I'd like to settle down and have a family, but not yet. iik.��1,;--* ,t. T ;!)1:.f.11� ,t--,J, 1f..Jll(if],
{!!.JJ(l,,(f. :ii. if.Ju at 1� o
@ settle (sb.) dowu: ?3£:f!J.$:l't, wi;��.A.:t;; T, $:Ml to become quiet and calm, orio make someone
become quiet and calm
They settled down on the sofa to watch the film.11!!.1il*#.J.1$1:-if. ij,•£.J:..>t re. 1J o
® settle f0r sth.: ��wi;lil'.!��$, tk:���;ltt�, /r-'l:lt-if¾.f8'�l�i¥Js.x:lijJ-a9 to accept or agree to
sth. , or to decide to have sth., although it is not exactly what you want or it is not the best
They were hoping to sell their car for $2000, but settled for $1500. #-111 {r� 4-ila.*2000�}(., � #s *Y-
11500:{l\:.}(.�
@ settle on sth.: {/iiU±ltk:� to agree 011 a decision
Have you settled on a name for the baby? 1:!:1ili.k:,t.�¾:-t¾,:ft ¼ �� T •.!lJ?
( 2) conventioni'.!9lfl ft; :
CD [ C or U] *'1' 89:t±�:ff :3/g ;lJ ffl: (an example of) a usual or accepted way of behaving, especially in
social situations, often following an old way of thinking or a custom in one particular society
They defied/flouted/broke with convention by giving up their jobs and becoming self-sufficient. #.·!11 .tr
*
Ji1l: '$ �L , m.: .ff. .:i:. -ft- , jf- ¥.dl ru K. o
@ [ C] {�Mt-'f-jt: a common way of showing something in art or writing
the theatrical convention of the aside Jlll,J1l 'f :ts {if];t*

78
 --- d
Questions 1-5

• 11!§��: Matching

Joc•tionl
• 11!§WHJr :
'.ii!'Utifil )(ICp;{i[/jl"LR,i_ Ri § • '1r
I Ii� The Lumiere Brothers opened their Cinematopraphe, at l 4
� fust dn=• ll\A!lt
l
! IH J Boulevard des Capuines in Paris ... g*�5G�tf���1p'
li:X::k:iltl4%:fr{IJ9t T fil!.if11fl1Jt'i=B� ��-· · · ·· o iHifli��j;JAo
But what happened was that it became, overwhelmingly, a
I
2 focus on stories 第I段三句 medium for telling stories. �mi, $�..l:, ��Bt.£Jiltj;J­
#�HJ�t!¥1t-o iEfeffl��¾ lo
And it has all happened so quickly.
I 3 lspeed... has changed �JE:!:�-'f.i]
it:ID�.tltffii:¾*Oit!:m
lfil O iElofl��;,lil::J 0
Long before people travelled to America or anywhere else,
t.hey knew what other places looked like; they knew how
4 teaches... other cultures ffiEE:!:ffi .= 'f.iJ other people worked and lived. l't'-tf A fj ¥JJ� � �Jtit!!.:llE.
flftfiZfl.�m•s��-�§�-���.�••
1M�:liE.A�It'i=��::rtflAo iElofl��¾Eo
The 'star' was another natural consequence of cinema. "� '
5 attraction of actors 第G段第一句 .�·��Jl!Hlr*�:!r:l-1-f=�o TI:1iftl��¾Go

Questions 6-9

• /1! §��: YES/ NO / NOT GIVEN

• ll!§mtrr:

6. It is important to understand how the first audiences reacted to the cinema.

#��Jt B�-ffl:xl\\��1·Ft!Jl�l!1tfl�&Ell*ofa �f!fil�o

J

�{i'rillj first audiences reacted to the cinema

me;lo'.:•* important
But it is worth trying, for to understand the initial shock of those images is to understand... I
!U...A
worth -I=J unportant !r::: ,,1 o
)(ICp;{i[/jl"LR,i_
·

�* YES

7. The Lumiere Brothers' film about the train was one of the greatest films ever made.

�:;lt�x: 吕米埃兄弟关于火车的电影是最伟大的电影之一。
�f.ltiiil train
m��ttiiil the greatest films
X:Jtl:xtEil,� described the film as a work of genius
�* NOT GIVEN

79
 8. Cinema presents a biased view of other countries.

�ffJt 1ceJ!iW£( fil(�!'J{J It!.� )X;jJtftl!.OOlf(� ffi fil o

�{i'L� other countries
Jlnll]I;1cffl!� a biased view of
>( 9'1 ,:;jJtl.�, For cinema makes the world smaller.
�� NOT GIVEN

9. Storylines were important in very early cinema.

�::tj-tlJt t&$·1i'ffj:tf �WJ a<J it� 9'11�:i:� 0

JEffl.iaJ very early cinema

•Jl!;1cill!* important
Cinema might, for example, have become primarily a documentary form.... Or it might
)(ICp;{i[/jl"LR,i_
have developed like television.
�� NO

Questions 10-13

• Iii§��: MULTIPLE CHOICES

• /m§ffJlHfr:

Im� �fftiro )t qi X1t Ji1Z,?.(

题目：作者提到拿部关于火车的电影是为了说明：
A. �AA a{) ���q�M. B. -'F-WlitW!'J{J�111�
C. �Wl a<J $..�1�'.l;iI D. lv!Wla<Jit•1��:m�JJ
10 film of the train 文中对应C段：塔可夫斯基写道：“随着火车不断驶近，影院里呈现出一
Jttm�I'l9�t#.: J...fil'W-11ri:�ttt. lmffiCffffii§oiM1Ei!-itl, itW][%M�L W:
?'� ffJ ��in X � tfl f�ftkffJ ;f;:i· j1J a--'.J 1J.-t'Sl¾-� $_. It · · · · · · "
iErefn��: B
Bi�: �ml:i\lffJ!-x:Wri!iWJ:IJil.#,. $..�(fJi!iJJ:tE'f:
A. ��AOO"'f��tll;fl� B. n!OJI.iMU��*M-
Tarkovsky/ the attraction J
11 C. tili:itil, jeJ fl<Ji'/ii:Jlli D. tln:itJ...ifJJM$.B9$f4
of the cinema
o•ilm-tJ: �mi, iti!HP��$ntl'!JE��.l:tim�:IJil.!'J{JfltfBJviti;Jo
iEl!Jli��: C
Iii� : $_.��JIJikttl:lt, .A.·ff]i}..� :
A. itJJ#f-11¾�:i:£1&$ m
B. it IMZ �:tf at� :IJ.,fflt&
C. $_.·%il.�!-f:�11ffxk$_.. D. $_.•(fJ**-Jtn!Yrt;

12 first began
em•=�1m�:�B*•�•�1t��oo••�•�it•��-��
a,t, ft!!.frHl!*�Wf�/iiZ�;.!;.WJtiffl�� o :lrHJJ, :i:�i.19.R¾nsi;/Ja<Jt!Mlo 1t9
(!)ij, � �.A.iMtt'r11f,
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���m.��J...fi;<;J-rt!..£M!'J{J**#�M•.
IErefn��: D

80
 Im� �fftiro )t qi X1t Ji1Z,?.(

18.i�: *xA<i:ilk1iliflNFl Jg:

A. it�im�a<Jdiiilm\ B. El!JllJ�;Jv�zJt�
c. �H'i'Oi!'.l{]�.i::ltl!{JL D. ::k-W.4Jl¥.JjJ:fil:
13 cinema/ flat screen
W,xll/.3t)'c, W1£::k:1'/HifiJj:F.[:!.l;t. big screen1tmit • o
Tips: :iJt>CJirlill §-�· ;f,f-::iCf ::k '$:5tilHtltr:1:Jtfr¼,lm� �� �'.J. ilis:Jt1{3t a
.iHfJ 1��: D

*,
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81
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READING PASSAGE 2

1.$:t& iii.SJJ j;_

:till! ,t£. iVt 9" •• I .:r.
�� i-.fi: i.,}-.3J,f£.A*JfMt.,t£.�:il!..»J�$'..!bitt&bPi .:r. o
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J�a,m�nEJ.:r.�.:r.����?�•-�� o
t•&:9m¼�4-�#�l.:r.•��4m#,*�l.:r.�.:r.��ea*•�o
��a:9£¼��-.:r.�n•��A.:r.�o
Jr-.ft, 9m¼�*••lHHto
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-
'1\...ff: 9£¼�.tJlM� � };.it B}], Rffi. .:r. �!1 ] 1.,}--f'-*lj-fe.1fJ {fJ .flAA.u:.�t. 0

(J[')
lQ'.;;) ,,!.t'
'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

.
adverse adj. rflit]k(Jg, JIB;:t (Jg entice v.J!&sl
motivate v. iJl!loJh shrinking adj. i&� (Jg, �pag
decline V. "'fjli'(? mobile adj. vfi ;/J (Jg
expand v. tt%: be prone to �r
promotional adj. :ft· llfl (l{J voluntarily adv. §l!:fl!!.
associate v. �...... ;.jfi�,¥ unfortunately adv.:::F$:li!i.
dynamic adj. 1M��jJag option n.��
optimism n. *xW,

morale n. ±ec retrenchment 11. )ljlJ�

redundant adj. '.JL�(Jg outline v. �lj�
rumour n. illnf

82
abundance n. $jf candidate n. {��)._
evidence n. i.iHI& affiliation n. �Jf-
motivational adj. �J@Ji'.l'-J inconsistent with � · · · · · · �-3&
autonomous adj. r-l .±a<.J moderately adv. �Jjt:±m , ell}�
bureaucratic adj. '§,f,1,W{t�a<.J feedback n. &illl

literature n. 文献 perception n. �'.% • ;i$;

external adj. 外部的 resistance n.;ffl;M
internally adv. r);J,l'.,,:±ll! incongruous adj. �iw,�a<]
assign v. :5HR manipulative adj. t/ki!Aa<.J
in conjunction with �- .... · :tlHc

appraisal n. if·fi!i valid adj. ���

personalise v. 个性化

contingent on 11Rtk:'f-' t!li······im'.if'. remuneration n. ffl.ftltl

reinforce v. :/JU5Ei , �.Mt bonus n.��
attainment n.�J.!11. allocate V. 7:tl'JC
maximise V. :Al::k1t lump sum -?Jz1t��1©!, -ix.Ht,t
visibility n.-0:rf entir" adj. �$1¥.J
eliminate V. flll� j)Otr.ntially adv. mc:(£:JtB , riJ �!1!!
surround v.f'fi!�

distribute V. 7:tjfc: outcome

clerical
n. �*, .!it*:fiW{If-1:i'.!'-l
adj. �-��,
equitable adj. ,0:ijl-t'.!(]
transparent adj. ,!lj)3� accomplishment n. !ilt:it, .ill'.�
simplistic adj. flti�� equity n. -03¥-

1. It is a great deal easier to motivate employees in a growing organisation than a declining one.

�,tyitx: :(:E�ttlr:tt:::k:�fE:.ill'.i:J:l�Jjj/J.!AIJHt:(£ B ��1!�11::.ill'. i:J:l���l$o

i:i:: a great deal ¾ilBli:{f1\'jj 1:t��l¥.J, �{P.La�:ili� a lot, much�o
'li=,lj
i, ,· F-i .... :

deal�Jt{11!.fflr¼:
CD package deal: -M-riw-'.if'. a set of arrangements that must be accepted together and not separately

83
 ® deal with sth,: *llRfi-i#J:511:$, m.x1"�$ to take action i11 order to achieve sth. or in order to solve a
problem
How do you intend to deal with this problem'! 1,t--tr .1,.-Jii,for ���- f"l�?
;!cr�-1--m.l/ili to be about or be on the subject of something
The author has tried to deal with (=write about) a very difficult subject 1f::t'-,(!.-;} :h 1;; --'i'-4F 't'1t� {r/J

*��
-if.�o
® deal a blow to sb. /sth. (=deal sb. /sth. a blow) : � 9& llU , � tr J( to cause someone or
something, usually a plan or hope, to fail or to be affected very badly
The latest trade figures have dealt a severe blow to hopes of an early economic recovery. iii. ,iii- ¥-J 1ll' Ji M.
#a��-��••1<,/J·�-�7o
2. Unfortunately, they are the ones the organisation can least afford to lose.

�ol;�x: �:$1'.!t¾, flkffJiE¾�.illdt!�ri��¼l'.lt,A.;;t o

'Ji.""=' ,5,:
t1, i=i ...

afford l'.lt.ffi�:
CD can afford: ::{if�fj��lt��!im�::{ifa;fl'iiJ1ht�.!llf. to be able to buy or do sth. because you have enough
money or time
I don't know how he can afford a new car on his salary. � ;f- � .i! 1;t.-ft!!, {r/J ..:C. j--11!, :t- ¼ ½ � if� - �
;tr-$- 0
® cannot afford: ( l5Jj;Jffi&z1W*l'.ltl'i:ilfl2iim) *5¥:�® If you cannot afford to do sth., you must not do it
because it would cause serious problems for you
We can't afford to make any mistakes at this stage in the project. ,(!..!Ji � {f.J i!.f-)lfi--R, � 1fPf ;l'l?..;f-�1f-
1af4iHJ\:o

3. Regardless of whether goals are achievable or well within management's perceptions of the employee's ability, if
employees see them as unachievable they will reduce their effort.

��i.f x : x-� § ;/'ff-�� 8�$�::00 , filX it § t};;fil:� :tf 'i JJl!mi),.� Ef9m Ifj�jJ VH: III� pq , .R � IA Iff] iA J;J
x���HH,r-, ft!!fil���1l�¾J� t.J o
iFi·l L�:
well *ff-�/ll'.lt1t .!A!...ffir!:
CD well-advised: 71:i�EY.W: showing goodjudgment
You would be well-advised to book in advance. f,t. '..t1:-E. iift #rfUT o
® well-argued: iBt\!f ;E,tl'.lt described or requested in a persuasive and clever way
She presented a well-argued case for the banning of smoking in public places. �1M'J�,Jt- ih fo}f � M fa]"!
ft t!:l 7 -t-:n-- Jt::Si"m .5l4--A1t Ril<,/J � lb o
@ well-attended: t.!:\Jt, �)Jal'.ltA�-/J::.$ describes an event where many people are present
The information was given at an unusually well-attended press conference yesterday. et� {r/Ji,c.:t' .:ki#½
At!:l ♦ �f.�&��a�,(!.ii�¼-#½�L*� o
© well-liked: J;J-1)::.$ AJYri!'f� liked by many people
A colleague described him as well-liked and respected by all. -ft!!,{r/J-,(.i M •-iJLk �,tjl-4-�J:.ft., .lf;lft� o
Questions 14-18

• /ID§�� : LIST OF HEADINGS

• ®I § fr,1tf :

Rli� J1i m =Elm 1u ��WHJr

TIPS: )(;j"'f�t.s•�i¥J®!�. mrta9lfil1iJ;¥rJ*
KEY POINT TWO lfil 1iJ : The literature on
1iJ+*••·-•••mrti:r�1iJa M�R•
goal-setting theory suggests that managers should
••�-1iJ�.aey�ffl::l:lmMi:r�a -�m
ensure that all employees have specific goals and
�w•�•&��•i:r�1iJa9ffi�.��••
14 receive comments on how well they are doing in
ffiMM�*�A���a9-W.�gM�A�
those goals. "§ f;j;i&(}El_1l!ita9.#13i::t�• ::i:l. 1'
•M a9:g,\�It¥-ihfil* o W:M3f*1iJ �w-5 �3(:t_t
l_1l!:fffil16'ffl•ili1:M1'f a9w.rKi�aJHiffJ 1¥.l EltiJt..El.
�: specific goals;f°f.lcomments on..., *jJIJl§viii:p
���:rfl1:;••@ tFa9i:t�i:r��twfft o ..
1¥.ltargets;¥o feedback1/:i/r5l. iii_], 1251 Jtt�*1lvii o

KEY POINT THREE'§ 1,J : Regardless of whether

goals are achievable or well within management's -•�x.*:tag��--•i¥J3f�1iJ¥*•
perceptions of the employee's ability, if employees •w:f.liagi:p�1iJo *Eim-1iJ�-�ffl�w.I
15 see them as unachievable they will reduce their i)._1)§:t)Fey��-.ey���a9··��a9,
effort. ":;li:;it §;j:;j;;J/HHi���Jm, ·tl1:;li:;it § :t,j�� � Jlt � * J:i!I W: N:: iii. ensure targets are realistic
�Wl_1l!Si)..}E(l9fflIDhffiOOZ�.R-fflIITT (feffl{;ii/: § f;f,:1H.!ll�(l'-J) C

iJ..1.Jx���EltF, fmffJ�����.z.�hc

KEY POINT FOUR•.=. 1iJ : Managers could use

�JJt�ffl¾personalise the rewards( im-�lWJ-i'-·11:!
their knowledge of each employee to personalise the
-ft), RPttx;t:;i::: �,AJ�-=f��!!tol!J o mil9t:.fil�Jffi
16 rewards over which thr1y have control. "tEJi;:J1ffitl1e:
iiMiJt a9 match rewards to individuals ( im-�.t@l§
��.V•:ffey�--���fflI�7M*��
rn :mm
f 111 ag !!tuw o ..
� Art� )o lliiJtt�*¾iia

KEY POINT FNE lfil -1iJ : Managers need to make make...contingent on � ¾ ffi .... · · � %. il=iD!E ,
17 rewards contingent on perfoimance. "'lll'JM!�N&��t- achievement l§perfonnance ¾:i/r.>llii.l a it[��
�jij/Jl§!'ffi%'.:J!� o " ¾iv a

I KEY POINT SIX � 1iJ : The way rewards are

distributed should be transparent so that employees reward systemU¾1'f*rewardfi:iJ11JiHt<J$/i!il-, iQ.
perceive that rewards or outcomes are equitable and 1'i1i reward a9 * l1ic 1i j:.\'.; , -tl1 � ¾ ml)( 9=1 B9 The
18
equal to the inputs given. "!!tfil!Ja<J:r}l1ic::tfj:\'.;&,ffl� way rewards are distributed, ffif .§. fair;¥o equitable
�.�w.I�m��jij/J��*¾0�*..E!.l§�� -�Sl.WJ, m•"0�"a9:§:,ll'.l,a M���¾i o
il!:Afflxt� a9 a "

85
 Questions 19-24

• � §I #Htl : YES/ NO / NOT GIVEN

• iW El �.fJT :

f_ �i,;-
����
19. A shrinking orgarnsaticn tends to lose its less skilled employees rather than its more skilled employees.

--t-�illa<J:&.���mE�a2�tU��iWia<Jm�;littitU��i¥Jm.I0
�I shrink.in�organisation
Wt�*m::,: lose/ less skilled employees/ more skilled employees
When an organisation is shrinking, the best and most mobile workers are prone to leav9
voluntarily. Unfortunately, they are the ones the organisation can least afford to Iose-----1
xr:f=tMJ.ut.i: those with the highest skills and experience. "�:fblt:iitillBt, vlti;lr11::!lUI a-'.Jt't3't' Jn 工
••��•*·�•oo�.���nw�.&•$•a<.imirr¾:&�•�•���
A;;t o "EEJltriJ�, :&�1lillM?if.£v!t�a<JJil:�U�t1<a<Jmi
-- ----- o !9rVJill;NO o

�$ _ _t NO
--

2v !t Is ea�Ier to manage a small business than a large business

-���-�··iif:x -, t([--·:f:l!!-
1J ,-
1?:}]H-tl'-l.!Il
-.:x1?:_.llt_?if._£ o
�f.ltiiil 7 small business/ large business
m��ttiiil easier
KEY POINT ONE: For example, if the job is running a small business or an autonomoi
unit within a larger business, high achievers should be sought. However, if the job to be
! filled is a managerial post in a large bu�eaucratic organisation, a c didate who has a hig�
_ ��
1 need for i:;ower and a low need for affiliation should be selected. 19iHm, ;J,�11::��j;j
X:Jtl:xtEil,�

�:&.llt r:f=t §I �it!tla<J&�:lf, fi!I� ri1.lltfDf�tl:l:lftfl1f o f.@.¾. :!m*��a<J:.lit:k��

�t/Lftl s<1,i:JlllflR& , Y1tllitr�ilt�Mtl1Jm'>Jt t:fiiffl�;J-*¥ \'ffl3-Jt f�i¥.J Amo ":@:X: .REJ!
�'l'iJiiS q:t t!UlJ T small businessfillarge business, EEi Ii.i'i:Xi,f,,\!!. riJ �, f'):;ff :j:j: ri1Htfi=
;ff,i:l!IJ.a<JJ1££�/i, J9rl;J.:Xcj*Jm-f-1i], )iizl;i'{NOT GIVEN o -
�� NOTGIVEN

21. High achievers are well suited to team work.

�:;lt�x:
high achievers
业绩杰出者适合团队工作。

tearn work
�f.ltiiil

---
KEY POINT ONE r.p : High achievers will do best when the job provides moderate!y
m��ttiiil

X:Jtl:xtEil,� challenging goals and where there is independence and feedback. ",H � Jtl!R.llt � � ffl'*
Jl.� -�t� �·11: eg El� , �!l!JLfl;ffl & at , .lltf1Jt� W :&'-;,J-�:@:jJ i;J. �±w,I f'):. "��
i1t
"1'1lJL tt "•*�ilil . IRI tHt 11 � �.y llA. P-J
rrn m m *1-
�9'.t fi:iJ i;J. llfil-f-
:ttrn:1Uffi . rvr
--!�����������
�* I NO

86
22. Some employees can feel manipulated when asked to participate in goal setting.

-�i-f>C 当被邀请参加目标制定事，有些员工会觉得自己被人操纵了。
�{i'Liii] participate / goal-setting
Jlif/ffi3cf§i\'.¥ I feel manipulated
If participation and the culture are incongruous, employees are likely to perceive the
I participation process as manipulative and be negatively affected by it. "�ll*�--'=j:j:Jllt,tj--'=j
·��x��-B.mI���•���a�•��•�••�·*g��m�•
X i:p m-w:.� !!i'uJ o ".li?:t1Ffl9:1f�i±l�1-"�n*"Afl,¥.d4. {.E!:Ji!:J'frfsorn e, -ltl�-'f�& .�itH'i!Sllo feel
manipulated �perceive ... as manipulative;l'i; llil--t-�: )B o ,P,lr 1�.lltfilFf .Ej ffii:X:t\t ,\ll- -

�*
3&o

YES

23. The staff appraisal process should be designed by employees.

�:;lt�x: mitf'.tsm�w:�remi t'ht�

�f.ltiiil I appraisal process
m��ttiiil designed by employees

X:Jtl:xtEil,� I KEY POThTT THREE: For managers, Lhis means that employees must have the capability,
of doing the job and must regard the appraisal process as valid. "3t;f--'f'lfm!�im�, ��
�� .v:! I&HJHm�Jl':tff Iff. . mi .13.&'.,�YifJi:v-. U'!Ji� )Vl'-ti!iviEWHl':Ffcf !& tL "�¾� x�i
-m.&appraisal processi¥J1iJr, oJ �� 1Ht�if Ji�Ff J9r��a�:f:.�, !9r���¾:
�* NOTGIVEN

24. Employees earnings should be disclosed to everyone within the organisation.

L -��ifx - I .ffiIB<J1&AJ.i1l�Mill.tRi;l;J�&-t-.A0tfo
employees' earnings
�{i'Liii]
be disclosed to everyone
m��ttiiil
I KEY POINT FIVE�.by openly communicatin;-:veryone's remuneration, publicis:g
X:Jtl:xtEil,�
performance bonuses... "··· · ··:im:i105f-F:t IIWf!fx: 13 , 0;(µ�3&��/fx:� ······"openly
communicating , publicise;fLldisclose� � 5l.. WJ , J9r Wmif t'.fliJt��iET!lli � o

�* YES

87
 Questions 25-27
• �§�ID!: MATCHINO
• 1W !MiilHJr :
I!� jE{rriii] x:g:i�wz� AWl§:!Mffi
KEY POINT TWO: tbe existence ofextema.1
goals is less important because high lfl 115'�til § tr-:x,hJ�Wt?.t� th 1r #� +
25 high achievers achievers are already intemnlly motivated. 0--!It� , JiJr I�{!!; {fJ 1' :k r!fi 19H'fil §
"?'r� l!lf�i'f):j'ff':£Jt-�l:+0-i:�, 11):;};;ill'. I .t,r,o lfr LV. iE�fil � 3R: :1-JB o
��tll :it; E. Jl.-fft11�iiHtY V'l tr: 1)/J.::/Lo " I
KEY POINT SIX: The clerical workers!
considered factors such :.:s quality of work �fr� :tE quality of work :j:j� :tE Jru :V1J , � 1
�-
26 clerical workers
*
performed and job knowledge near the top iA 11�iHEi. !I!� , JiJf !.!J IE liffl � �
of their list. ":fi ®: T fF AJ� .::C f'f-!'&Fl. ¾
£!1ltflill'.9Hil1J{�f§�t1Ft£�.$.]NJIJ 0 "

�,
advancement Ej promotion ¾ :ili 51.. ii¥J ,
KEY POINT SIX:For example, production
*IA re� ,fi. r-1� :tr 1i i1i1i B<J fir. :'I.
27 production workers workers rated advancement wry highly.
" i.#)1j):Jfil!,f(H,\_j;J .i!.fi-1&:m� 0
"#'tl:!m, �FI.AiA.jJ-fN-fr�p1\t'.fil:� o .
.iE�l��:f!Ao

在逆境中激励员工挑战

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88
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READING PASSAGE 3

-f;ti:� -iM,aJl.9::.
±JI: �;t�,t-�4,,
�� '--l'!l: Z'Jf·,it.A...w 1ib.!tiO.tJlll>ll l Mt,]1[4.:l.A -r�:.i.JltUt-;tt, ;tt *A..4�,;4,�·o
1

'.::..K_: �f(!.1l f.ll 1�1l #.',-'ft 411:A-tJUil. lf} 4fl Ml -g, �t o

';...J'1t: fll 1t,1B;!l,1t41lAaHf� o
i 1!9.f!l.: itf--ffldt:iltfrMJ �•"fiibiE!!II fR $I ;t!<, i:"4lA�4il.l� !Jh �t A.� Ml ft Jfl o
�Ji.Ji.: �·�·lf.J�JR.o
'*R,�S*fr�*���--�•*ft���Mt.tfilA����JR.o
� -tK.: J�;tf €1-J fR ,iH-!<: i:"filA,tlAil. � 4fl2DGMJt.l:: ffill1rJ% o
*
i /-...a: 2DGa-!; ft Jfl ;jcJLJ..'II:f<ri!l Wf-:ft o

R9
--.J@l llt�
a- N[Wonwmn itlffi�,�'*iit�Jliil'.lffi:$ 6 • ffli:/f

'�,�LirJYC

WlliM
vigor n. i'i!itJ nutritionally balanced !H'fo:l:'91ml'.i':J
molecular n.5'Ff incredibly adv. �V).�{�:l'Ji., ��'W,'
cellular n. tm»ru longevit)' n.�'ffii'
vuln�r��il�cy n. ��� prolong v. .{[it
infi�icy n. 2:�� restriction n.�lf;ll
intervention n. "fr.Pi

�
�
maximum adj. lflj( 89 mimic v.�{jj
intake n. ffiA physiological adj. 1:JJII89
_ r<>_u_g�lx_ .. adv. :k� postj)one . v. Mi!s
_ �'!11i�al��! to_ tfi�=f arteriosclerosis n. z;/JJJUJI!1t
mortal n.JLA. A� informative adj. .m�i*-fil-89
harsh adj. ffl.m t¥.J fan v. :t;l@igJ, jJi!J�; �:/JU

•••
regimen n. ��� mimetic adj. ��Wi fl'-J , :ffH� 89
years on end �j:-� eventually adv. ��

practke n.1Aft� lifespan n. 寿命

incidence n.�1:�$ merely adv. 仅仅

MWiH
replicate v. j: fflij • ffi: JJil hamster n.,fr;�
creature n.1:!l'm rhesus n. ffi.iiiJffl:
spider n. i\ll� optimistic ad). 5k�l\\a�

-·
pancreatic ad). 11%Ml (j{] insulin n. 胰岛素
hormone n. ��, fi/jH(� retain v. 保留

indicator n. :tlU,r- tout v.��

triglyceride n. itilb=�Fli� fundamental adj. .j:&2jl:fl'-J
glucose n. 'imw-J ffi 1mderlie v. nx,:;k;··· ..·i'.!'-J�littl
diabetes n.ffi»Rm compound n. 1tir!l'm
chronic a4j. 'l�f'.:I:�_ fool...into... llfl.:�-. ". -i�;l\t $
,
multitude n. :.kii. !l$ TP..aintenance n. tftp

interfere with =nm, �n(rU dose /l. ,1'1jji

toxic adj. �:Il!EJ� trick n. liR:�, ¥:if

90
 NEW
ATP n . ::::�M!l§!ir hypothesis n. iR�
administer to nfilffl ( 1-ff� ) indicate V. IJlli�, �a}l
interruption n. 'ftit scarce ad). �ps<]
retard V. �gJ induce into i.�� ..... ·f/t{;lt$
emission n. fftO: mode n. ffi:rl::
free radical � rni!ll; luxury n. �1tr\'i'i

l. No compound that would safely achieve the same feat in people bas been found yet, but the search has been
informative and has fanned hope that caloric-restriction (CR) mimetics can indeed be developed eventually.

�olf tt�: ���{llffjj;i:;ff �!J.il��1i$$:{£J.ilUf:liUA�!lt _tftitiUfr.il:ff�J�s<JRilJqzf, {§.1ilf��.£�WJ:l*-7 !ffi"�

z;)(, �:fitfllffif�, JHr.l�filfflA�l!!Rs<Jt-ff!Jw.1���1ilf11l1Jili*a<J o

( I ) feat �JJ=fH!:
CD sth. difficult needing a lot of skill, strength, bravery, etc. to achieve it: l!lx/Es<J$ffi, 1/ff�:;k:i::tffit, fJ
il:¥!100�*��
The Eiffel Tower is a remarkable feat of engineering.¼:.$ iT-4�;1Jt.,l.:r..,f'l.t_J:¥];J±-z;t. o
@ be no mean feat: § :k�it to be a great achievement
.z.
Getting the job finished in under a week was no mean feat. - � 1-1-l � A:i!. �..I.ft ;;,-Jt..1+ $.. J; .. o
( 2) fans<J;ltfll!.J'§?!:
CD to encourage bad emotions or behaviour to get worse W1*:tr-•l'llfm�fi:;;i;J
The newspapers deliberately fanned the public's fears of losing their jobs. ii�Jljfil. if�� #J 1)::-� � •ffJ �
3k. i¥J -tt !:¼ 0
@ fan the flames:il11:Jocf/t1�s<J�ffl�s<J•tJ'i'ij\"��:rff!;!f1!ffl to make a dangerous or unpleasant mood or
situation worse
His speeches fanned the flames of racial tension. -It {i� -ilt-it-t¼# i* i'F � :k. ..I:. iJ't iii 0

2. When 2DG is administered to animals that eat normally, glucose reaches cells and decreases ATP generation.

�,1H-lx: �1tfilrr?lta<1��i;IJ!Jw.lM�m20ost, rm=®:tt:kiimA�ltt!!, mwo��.ll1.1::kmi1tffi�ffis<JftW,

ff9 fm l�{f£ATP s<Jtt �il:o
h, ,=;,c:­
'Ji-±· ..�:
( l ) administer s<Jffl?!:
CD to cause someone to receive sth. : {�JtA�3Llt!Jw.1
to administer medicine/punishment/relief �Jfl Pi 4hl�/Jo 1& .µj/.:j:{ *it*
The latest opinion polls have administered a severe blow to the party. :iillli.¥7 R, �-if.)½ �-ii: ;!tit.A J ?'
'i:¥7 ;t ¾ 0
® administer an oath to sb. tE;ltAiEA:�til'fttE:l:,m to be present while someone says an oath (=formal
promise) officially
( 2 ) abundant;fi.labundances<JJ'§ ?! :
more than enough: i.1F$, :kfil
a. There is abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on the environment. � ff.. �ii'E.-ilk � ll}J i' 4 �
J;f-Jt, � 1i C

91
 b. Cheap consumer goods are abundant (=exist in large amounts) in this part of the world. i!./4'-�;t ;LJf
;1$-�1ft-i;lj 1R ,Yr, 0
c. There was an abundance of wine at the wedding. -i\};rL..l:;ff .:j:-� {r-J ilo � ;lj o
d. We had wine i.u ab!Jlldance. � 111 {r-J Mi ;l/j )IJi ir-��� o
( 3) prevent ff(Jffl�:
to stop sth.from happening or someone from doi11g sth.: iltiJt;lj!;!!J:��, l!li.tl:.¥.A.U$
Label your suitcases to prevent confusion. ,if_·£{:*� +-ill:m ..I: J!,I; ..l:t,r-�- , v). l9i" '.@:',tU- o
!R:5h,revent l11 protect
CD prevent means to stop sth from happer.i11g
Wearing sunscreen can help prevent skin cancer. it-�� ll/Ii ith " i,;,t �Ji .il:.{f JK..Jf¾..'/ii o
f

® protect mea,�v to keep someone or stir. safe from bad things

The police wear bulletproof vests to protect themselves. � $- 't! FJi W. �ff,-.; �-:!r tlJ L o

Questwns 28-32

• Jl! § ��: YES/ NO I NOT GI EN

V

• l!§flntlr:

28. Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old.

�:;lt�x: fiJf�:& IJJle.U£ B1'f��nJ l�Uilitl:ft:B:il!:filo

�f.ltiiil drugs available today/ growing old

m��ttiiil delay
第一段第一句: As researches on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today
has been proved to slow human aging...”衰老问题的研究者们最近提出，目前市面
上 还没有任何疗法证明可以延缓人类衰老。“任何疗法”包含药物，所以“目前没
X:Jtl:xtEil,� 有疗法能延缓衰老”就意味着目前没有药物可以延缓衰老。

�* NO

29. There is scientific evidence that eating fewer calories may extend human life.

�:;lt�x: 有科学证明表明少摄入热量会延长人的寿命。
�f.ltiiil eating fewer calories/extend human life
m��ttiiil scientific evidence

�-'3i:l&:Jii--nJ: Those findings suggest that caloric restriction could delay aging and I
X:Jtl:xtEil,� increase longevity in hwnans, too. "j!�fllf��*:&llfl, �lfitj�:ffl:t'l<.ltlllitnJfru-ti?.�}lli
�•�, J!*.A.� 3'f1irf o "scientific evidence .Ejfindings�ilr5l.�, r.Jri;J.�l!=f o
�* YES

30. Not many people are likely to find a caloric-restricted diet attractive.

�:;lt�x: ���film.A.�����89.A.�flli��o
�f.ltiiil caloric-restricted

92
 m��ttiiil Not many people/attractive

X:Jtl:xtEil,� 第二段第二句：Few mortals could stick to that harsh a regimen“很少有人能够坚持这

样严格的养生之道”，喜欢的才能坚持，既然不能坚持，肯定是觉得不够attractive。

�� YES

31. Diet-related diseases are common in older people.

�:;lt�x: � /Jlht� .¥:e<J�iWtf �,q::A s:f:t'i-illl #t-f o
--
�f.ltiiil diet-related diseases
m��ttiiil common/ older people

X:Jtl:xtEil,� mtx 0 Mt��m��m.&�-t-:@.� o

�� NOT GIVEN
•--- - ..

32. In experiments, rats who ate what they wanted led shorter lives than rats on a low calorie diet.

�:;lt�x: 在实验中，自由摄食鼠类比摄取低热量食物的鼠类活得短。
�f.ltiiil rats

·- �::=:.fi!:m =/4iJ :
m��ttiiil Jed shorter lives than
rats fed a low-calorie diet lived longer on average than free-feeding rats
X:Jtl:xtEil,� uitPB! it1'1£�:fit-tt4&./e<J 19..�JPf:BJ:l�hftriE: 'f § mffll&it!l'PJil<J M.�", :i!JJl.¥:ii��ili:

I free-feeding� ate what they wanted�lff]-,t-�.�- o

�� IYES

� 3.f-37
• lm§�lt!: MATCHING
• ;ffl§R'fl�:
xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra
=
�� 定位词 IHl M:#r
ffifr.� ffi 'A) tjl : ... they have more
normal blood glucose levels (pointing to a
33 less likely/ diabetic , Ao
g(j��jJ
reduced risk for diabetes ) ".Ifn.ffitli.ffi'.tl!tl: j£ ..

ffi fi!: � =
tlliE'm Cl�)i�f!PRm e<JJx1.*tltil£ )" 0

fr. -tiJ : Further, it has recently

been shown that rhesus monkeys kept on
. . . _ rhesus monkeys �J1=: control monkeys
calonc-restricted diets for an extended tn�e mJL${1£, ·It!.
tt.�, titrif -� �tt
34 more chronic disease (nearly 5 years) have l ss chrome i �Jf:i,ji.1§�.'il�ttmJL$iii .iE
�. �
disease. .tit?�, � _¥:?i]f�:JR:ili:tli 1:1:l. iE: I �
:@b .. ��80
WHR#ilmtll:HIA ( �:iii: l Sil=- )�ffi fnH!Ui

1ittffe.le<JJL�-tll.tlt1'1£ 0 n
 �� 定位词 xltlxtJ.i.lZ,ra IHl M:#r
� 7'. &l:� 12(1 'r'iJ : They and other monkeys
They =&l'.J<J¾caloric-restricted mon-
must be followed still longer, however, to
keys, other monkeys m a<] wt ¾
know whether low-calorie intake can
control monkeys, DJ{ X �?�ii :i35
a longer than average increase both average and maximum
35 �£ $?iff 9t :t° fm:lil!Ji B 111 (!(J �fir
lifespan lifespans in monkeys. "{E!�,�%1:i1JJ&ff��
■
il:ffl:A¾N��-K �l¥.J31l-J5J�1f!i:f!J:II
¾N14'FiUM-K, -tl1�¾i.#.w-I� ■
*�fir.ff111��fflxt��ffl� �R ■
i��19:1'f*aA�fir1ii�M;-Ko iE

■
;tt1m �1n-KatrBJ a�mu1�-lifl-1{0 "
�%t�¾Co

reduced chance
I
�f-;,@:�.=.'P] r:p: For example, they have
lower blood pressure and triglyceride levels � 1iJ -� l!1i.l :l£ l'.J<J ¾ calorie-restricted
ofl (signifying a decreased likelihood of heart animal 1¥.J 'tw 2£, , tl! Mc ¾ calorie-
36
heart disease disease ) ... "-W� �n , E ffl 1¥.J .rfi!. ffi EJ tt rl!L:::: restricted monkeys 1¥.J •n!f {5t , .P,1f � iE
lWfil�:i::Mll tt$J):ff£ ( *�11t,l'..,Jl!tffeHm1'iJ 19fl��fil:Ao
fmfUlc1J\) " o
� 1i l3l: i:p : ...compared with control
animals that eat normally, caloric-restricted
ll&ffitJ�ffl:tlAffll¥.J•-=f ttxtP.fU.1!
monkeys have lower body temperatures
greater quantities of B-=f 1¥.J � .% � � Jl'. f� , i#. im ;tt�
37 and levels of the pancreatic hormone
insulin t Sh�JtM,:fiY-. �xtJffUll.1¥.J�.%
insulin" ttmLi.Eilt1:.x�l¥.Jx !ffUfir#J!lo/J, I!&
�?tllM'!c$o 1Flifl1��¾Bo
M�•fflAffl.-=fl¥.J��:f!J����Jl'.
f
ffil�{l ' o

Questions 38-40

• ./l! § ��: FLOW CHART

• Im llfWH1r :
Flow Chart ��-���--t-tl:�f.X:I�v[l'fil, £;;t,;.ti¾tli:)l©!/'f�, �-l,tf/ir:f:ttEx*ttFl-1 )§-W o Jffi§
.P,!f�ll<JHow a caloric-restriction mimetic worksEJffi--1::;13!:f!uff.J.f;"jltfilx;j-J.ilI, !YrW.��-�5:EtE.fr-H!Ja"ff.J�--l::;13l:;f!J
ffiA�r:f:to

11-fs- �iltiiil x i:f:i Jif& ili: RUHWffi

ffiJ\..Fstffi=-1lJ: By limiting food intake, caloric
restriction minimizes the amount of glucose ;im" i1: minimizes the amount of
production of ATP
38 entering cells and decreases ATP generation. ":im glucose t11 less.. .is processed ff] xt
is decreased
tt�����ffi��.��*A���ffi�ffi J.ilI1IHfc:izt 1±\ %t�J.ilI�¾glucoseo
�$!1Jiflf�, 12;1 .lll:;�j,-ATP1¥.J �$;:i,: o "

94
�� �fftial 3t i:j:I �Ell,� IU:!fA!Hff

10 '*�
ffl. w;1:6! W- X , free racllcals ·v;: .xz:z:
第八段中：one possibility relates to the
••
ATP-making machinery's emission of free -Y * IJ� . w. -�r
M diseaseWL"I' "1ll m!!., 111a I
cancer -<..'.;I<:
radicals, which are thought to contribute to aging :hll 1 ·hl,.t,i,;tni,\
(,{I]

,;,rt:Jfree radtcals!t!!!.9,
and to such age-related diseases as cancer by tf,tf' Jl@ ' �n�§ r:p fl
i;r.: ,
,
Wl�)j};j°11!>t
39 one possibility 1� ��-'.,l, o �,
damaging cells. "Jtr.J:i-fiH�r!�ATP-1:.nlt:tl;f§l n..
,, i ,
rr� ,I:(
"� ·,1i : cells less damaged byl
f,h

r:pf-lff.1frl;i¥Jfi �f&�::X:. A11J ,J...J1Srfl£z:J:iil:f% .

dis�ase, Jifr � � "' � Jg free
• • 0 .A

ff
:_ _ ._·

�Jl@, '31Jlti3lmlJt��.&·�lf.Hft:i!��$f� rad1calso

::X:B<.J�:f� 0 ,,

� J\.-Elt:ll½Fo-1,J : Another hypothesis suggestsr- ----7

that decreased processing of glucose could I
I
indicate to cells that food is scarce ( even if it
emphasize �J 1=: focus on ilr )!_ ,
isn't) and induce them to shift into an anti-aging s 5l.,
, m
_ ,
,;,::
40 focus on . . ., scarce m short supply1"i
mode that emphasizes preservation.... :93--:rti11R , +r.: <t.-4. .
1=:.
-J
� 10n
1'}�!fw� �)(•iJ.!.\L "'�npreservat o
ia:iAJJ, liil�:t!if"ti9J-1¥Jll/f.f�iJ:�Jl@�
JE < l!P 19!�'.Ik # � � �n JJt ) , ffii-fJi 1fJlll JK!!itt A :rJc�
老的状态，这种状态着重的是维持……”。

寻找抗衰老药

�4•�•�•�.#��m����ft��*± ♦�•#¼.�h�-�o�**t������
� fil �ij aA T tJl .ti- o

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���fili¥Jffl�ilJ�m�����.�*A��*°�o
o i! �&f�#.1 *� UJJ ,

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95
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O

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w..�' 1'Uf.1-Jtt· -zj(fj.ff1HffirJ�ftiM.!,_j ATPft �nJ V)J]E�:fl� Jt i:p-*�*�q ATP�"1tufil @I Ill� (l{J ff.
0 �r
m
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(mm�
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96
TASKl

The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silkworm. First of all, eggs are
produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on
mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread
around itself. After a period of about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons
and the life cycle begins again.
The cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. Once selected, they are boiled
in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage. Each thread is between 300 and 900
metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the
weaving stage.
Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk c!oth
through a very simple process.

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本题为流程图(the flow chart)。流程图要注意写作的顺序，这道题主要是根据箭头的指向进行描

述。
00- �7.KA<l.lBHt<J�-i'ilrffi�o t11P�nta:1lJ: TXft<Jffi�tto *f&f.ilUflT first of all, until, after, eventually
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97
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TASK2

Some people believe that visitors to other countries should follow local customs a11d behaviors. Others disagree
and think that the host country should welcome cultural differences.
Discuss both these 1•iews and give your own opinion.

-�AiA:11 ¥1Htl!.OO�rJ# a<JinHf @�31»- � il!z1¥.J !xt*

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O

00@-�3!iz:iffi:t1-t�:R!o Nif:�nAA\,gJH� ,':1:118, F-1 c. l¥J;{grt o

In the recent years, between the different countries, a lot of people keen on visit to other
countries. These peope like to learn the different cultural and reconize different things from the
other countries.
In my opinion, every host country should welcome cultural differences. Because the visitors
were stay a short time for their journey. They will travel and shopping in the cities. Sometime, they
can bring up the cultural and enconomoic were development. Althought, the language and the lifestyle
are different, but we shall learn from their language.
Some people cannot accept 1'he visitors. I 1'hink they afair to effect the local customs. And ... the
don't the visitors behaviour·were effect t,, their countries saft. Therefore the cannot accept. The
visitors might be the crime and escept frorr. their countries. However, they i!.lfaird the visitors whose
will destronye their countries.
In summerise, the people should accept the host country and welcome cultural differences. They
will earn a lot for other countries. such as cultural, religious, knowledge. Arts. etc, If they can accept
the other countries visitors. They might be benefit a lot than they needs.

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mu�lf/la<J$!J?ao
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98
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r
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JB)(t'J1C�o
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1':@!. �*l!Jjft�if.Jr[f!��o �f-Fim. i{f���tl11fHl!J��, �floJ; 1JJJt�1H1J iMo 1ii�fl&:��;ifEliffll¥J'PJT,
f.Elffi�W$, ���i'!r.Glti'��i!f;t�o
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*",
nl�: In the recent years, between the different countries... *1iJl¥JW;j-'j'-JiUtfiii.ltheffilJ.i!I�Jll'H�, 1N 1'.r" Jlr&j:c
"�llsJIE�Zl'aJ"�¾tzm, �;!Mfffio
iii.ltl:: ...like to learn the different culturaL..1:iJ lflcultural@::1:7 �iii.lcultureso
...effect the local customs. 'P] If! effect@:J;J ;/Jif.J a:Efecto
... such as cultural, religious, knowledge, Arts, etc...%$iii.lcultural5fllreligious@:1:7� if.Jculture, religion o
VF '.!iJ : Peope, reconize, enconogtoic, althought, escept, afaird, destronye, sumrnerise, earn� /.ilZ-lt 1:7 people,
-recognize, economic, although, escape, afraid, destroy, summarise, leam o
Jf.jif.J: I think they affair to effect the local customs. 'P] 1:Paffair.fi\l�jgare afraid o
The visitors might be the crime...@:�j;The visitors might commit crimes.
However, they afaid the visitors whose will destronye their countries. @:�J;JHowever, they are afraid of the
visitors ·�ho will destroy their country.
They will earn a lot for other countries.@:i&:'/-JThey will learn a lot from other countries.
1i:Jr%�tt: ... a lot of people keen on visit.../Wc.P;/Jif.Jare, @:J;Jare keen on, visit@:i&jgvisitingo
Because the visitors were stay a short time... i! 1-becausei:l I �1¥.J ¾J.A 1iJ , :f filrnk:1Llix.1iJ o
If they can accept the other countries visitors ...1:JJ.A1iJ, �flM!ll.:iLJix.1iJ o

99
PARTl

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iitffl.@,o JV0�°f°*f;;Em���B��-33, IfF, f:l:1'%11\li:;ltftkffi:kffifmliUHJHii.J o

Traffic where you live

I. How do mo�t people travel to work where you live?
Most people where I live travel by public transport to work and back. They will either tra.vel in buses or the
subway.

2 What traltic problems arc there in your area? (Why?)

Well, we don't have so many traffic problems where I live. I live beyond the fourth ring road in Beijing and
traffic is pretty smooth by the time it gets here. I guess the only problem here would be going into the city at
rush hour. The subway cars are a little crowded, as a matter of fact you feel a little like a sardine traveling in a
tin can.
sardine tl> T i!

3. How do trnmc problems alTect you?

Well, it depends on what kind of mood I am in, as to whether I am affected by traffic problems or not lfl am
late and uying to get somewhere to an appointment then I am affected quite a bit by traffic problems. 1 get very
frustrated and a little angry when I am under Ibis kind of pressure. If I am just going on an outing and have no
timetable and I get stuck in traffic then I either people-watch or listen to my MP3 player or read something.
get stuck in traffic :l.t -tE. JI} l.

..J How would you reduce the traflic problems in your area?
Well, I would call a moratoriwn on taking your car to work and have everyone go back to riding bicycles. I
know this sounds simplistic.and in practical terms, it probably wouldn't be accepted but tbat is what I would
do to help solve the traffic problem.
moratorium �4 simplistic :ii -f' fnl' .i(! 11'.. �
in practical tenns � � l.

100
PART2
�'fil���-*tlsflfil"t(Cue Card)o��:fiil:W#�t-1il"atfaJ, ;):j:pJt;.J.-fi¥i�-icoZ.€���1i¥iI-2:5-Ht�B9�
�o ��ijf5cJg, �'g�JM'.��BTift\'��p;j��-µ;t}t-t§*fiiJ)lli, ff(��-fi¥ifij�lill�o

Describe a game or sport you enjoy playing.

You should say:
what kind of game or sport it is
who you p]ay it with
where you §:}lay it
al1d explai.r. why you enjoy playmg it.

I I don't know when I fell in love with basketball but at some point in my life, I just felt that if you are [
���ing to p�y� S!!)!IC ai:!(_l_&et exercj_�-� n�t really make the most ofit.____
�
' I played on my high school team for a couple of years and then played for my neighbourhood team.
tmit I There is just something about bouncing a ball whlle running at lhe same time and looking for your I
Hit� w c ball to or throwing the I into the basket if no one is able to tak pass. I
I ;:;:::t :l!::.
j It is hard for me to explain how much l enjoy playing basketball to someone who hasn't played but I!
, will try. It is a fast game and ( think that the best athletes in the world play basketball. To me it is
ilff almost like watching a bailet on a hardwood floor. I play basketball with whoever would like to play,'
I
Jilfl,l which is another reason why I like playing. Jt is usually easy to get a game going.You just have to go I
to a court with a ball or even without and just l.tart shooting and jwnping and rebounding, and I
__ . _ dribbling and beforij!)U know it youhave a gaine going and some new friends. _ _ _ __

make the most of ft- il ;f� Jfl rebound ft .lli ;!Ii

bounce #Jtr dribble 117 xli. • :@tji_
take a pass � 1½ ll!t

PART3

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t!hrs-���(l{J�{t;fi)1fj� o

Children's games
I. How have games changed from the time when you were a child?
I don't think they have changed that much. Kids pretty much like to run and play bide and seek and outdoor
games. I think that the games are pretty much the same. I do thlnk that what has changed is the amount of time
that is spent outside playing games. When I was growing up, playing games meant going outside and getting
exercise, but now it seems that playing games means staying inside and spending hours on the computer
playing computer games.
hide and seek���

101
 2. Do you think this has been a positive change? Why?
This is definitely not a positive change. Unless monitored by IJarents, children are going to opt for the easy
thing to do which is playing computer games and eating snacks. This is going to make for a very unhealthy

*, �
generation unless something is done about it.
opt for :il\j_ ;Jr, make for 1r,' $:

3. Why do you think children like playing gamc,'1

lfyou mean outdoor games then I think that playing games helps kids to get exercise, make friends and blow
off a lot of energy. They enjoy running around in the fresh air and sunshine and competing with one another.
blow off.ff:5-k., �;w_-

Games and competition

I. Do you think competitive games are good or bad for children" In what ways"!
A little competition is not bad when playing games. But when it becomes the most important thing, it becomes
something negative and is not good for a child's development. Games should be something that is played for
fun and recreation and relaxation. When it becomes more than that then the game is out of balance.

2. I low can games sometimes help to unite people?

When you are playing a game as a team and working with others then this helps to build teamwork skills. Just
about anything that you do with others helps to bond you with them and helps you to get to know other people.
When you are playing games, more often than not, you are relaxing and letting your hair down a little, and
you can get to know another side of a person.
let your hair down -J/J.. ;j"IJ
i. Why is competition often seen as important in today's society?
In today's society because of increasing population and diminishing resources including good jobs, it has
become important to compete with your peers. A little of this competition as I said before can be healthy and
can motivate you to do your best, but when it is the primary reason for what you do then this can be unhealthy
for the person as well as the country.

102
Test 4
l,ISTENIN(;

SECTION 1

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reservation n.Bn uhuh inter. Pfiij
option 11. mft­ pack 11. tr'§
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con}.
delegate n. f-�*0j straight a.1H!H�

air-ticket ll. mm cinema n. Eg�il1c

hotel n. mi J;s discount 11.&v. :tfr.tJJ
motel n. f\;."$,mtl.1[ hostel n. N1f:fM tE"
railway station n. j(:$:}i'i holiday house f.3tfl!Ht
b&b n. !JiHJtJ;R{.i'.[:f111r-.a':J1ifH!'i

103
 I. Will that work out to be any cheaper? IJ�;f::f-½.:f:½ff'.lt-*o/l? *','iJ(i<Ji:ft�Ji/;"work out" 0 �jl.,-f;_t, 'f::;)-f 79:
fl°1t¾.��(t{J� 51__, �{�"f"tum out" a
2. I'd like to register for the full 3 days. ;f\l��-i"c...=..¾.k/0 (-)\-$) o �ID. "3 full days"=mMJ� "-=:�:J.;:(l{Jtl:'fii" o
3. They are only 15 pollllds per night, but they are very basic and you'd have to get your own breakfast, because
they don't provide you with that. ll�*.l.t-fiiJ*,kQ,l_l:-_.?- 't-fc-l5it, 1�il..¾iliJ .£.?-;tf-*}!.�it�, m ll.. it
-!c- ro E. �-f-�, f!l 1J't: 111 .:f:-tlt.*( -f�) o itlii'J i'.l<Jli�� ''basic", m i'.J<J�JJ;-lfiJ rJq .Rfl -@��·m· ;/;l;?illl (!{Ji&!:
fiflio

4. Or there's a very reasonable guest house which is 25 pounds per night. � ¼, ;/j" - +11t-·��!l.½ J£ {/J :f;..,¾, -ii}
QtK�25i:L "reasonable":tE:i!fil=m�¾"-fft�0i1L �J.lll." o
5. The details are all in our conference pack, which I will send you. tiri ·f f9 �,(f.� frl i¥J½i-x. *-ilf � P'l-¥. �#.-i.it.
11/J, -t�½w11:tf-�f.til1 o *'i'iJi:j:t(l{J"pack":j-li;(l{J�"Elrfl !p�f-13�11-e!.�i:E�i,l'l(:t<J�J-11;!'.:.pq" a
6. Otherwise, you can take the bus which runs every half an hour from the station-that is the 2 IA-and it brings
you straight to the conference center. i.t.¼, it "iif �:i. i[Ult.21 AAA,/,._'- .;J�i\fii, -fg:,+,t- ,J, 11,t-� •.ti.4J1] ½ix. 'f
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104
 (J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

staff 11. I ft= A ff.t chef fl. :kITrI

exhibition n. fiUA monitor \1,
llii:'W'
recruit v. fflb� considerable a. ffl � � a<J
color-coded a. t:).filj-@.J-Jftlil½fi{J orientation n. :tf [,i], m.l.ilZ, l��
handle v. iffftR:, �1:!11. temporary a. 1/ffiat(l{J
stamp V. 1m,� tax n. m
publicity n. 1r. f'!i, J 15' preseall.ttioa n.Wi;�

information booth 11§ ITU 15' buffet II. FI !VJ ft

JI� m ifiJ iL ffi f&

international exhibition center L� �ili.Ua rj3 ,t:,, decoration �fli
exhibition platform ll€i:.' bus station 0A 1i:$Yi!i
car exhibition $® subway Jfil�(�)
fashion show At�� tube ill!�(�)

I. We are expecting this year's International Travel Exhibition to attract over L0,000 visitors a day, ladies and
gentlemen, and you are among the two hundred extra staff recruited to help look after them . ;1:.1..111 , ±± 111 ,
4'. 11l-E!.JVJ4-.+iY-J Wl f.F;#<.i#-/J:.� �½<!&31 I 0,000,g ,f..,,t�, it-111 ,ltJi -1!-.-m �iY-J200,g .:i:.fl,A..,m • it-111 iY-J llR
-w.>lJi it�;;;t:.t;..ml�o 1et.%�ti::t't"be expecting"a<J�,\t'-:.l�"HU!1J" o J39�, "extra statr'm(l{J:l!.lfi1:m4",C.'*
*�:ffift=Ain. i!@A:JJ!::tlffilltffiJU� o
2. first of all, those who will be looking after the phones and handling all· calls regarding the exhibition, you will
be on the red team. it;\:., �4E � ir.ti•fr � )J:.1.r_.;j{] :!R: ,e, wiY-J ..Ltj,A..gl $.-tu.FJ-. o "regarding"lli(l{J¾" � �m
ffl;}c(t<J" 0
3. lbose of you involved in distributing entrance tickets will be on the yellow team and we've also put those of

*
you who'li be staffing the information booths around the conference center on the yellow team, so you'll be
getting a yellow T-shirt. JIJ',.l!:,;l(_a ll ;;iY-J ..Lfl,A.. 91 ,IJ, -t1tFJ-., .n -1!- � -t½ix. er,�
fol ml 1t i!, iY-J J:.fj,A..JQ
.tf!...«-;i-jtfJ-., it-1fl�A..½'.!t-1'f'if� T·Jivi. o -�,pJl'J{JJ!i.�¾"sta f", tE.i!.!Il.fti;/Jili1, :t?i:,�,:Ji!:":,g . ..... �1l
f

4. Now, most of the hospitality staff have been put ia the blue team, so the chefs among you and the kitchen
bands will all need a blue T-shirt, but, because of the sheer numbers, all waiting staff will be on the yellow
team, and this includes the bar staff among you. :k_ � ��41A.. ii :i)t:ilt, �,(f. 7 .ill FJ-. , ffr i,J. it- 111 'f iY-J :k..@t :fo N½­
/2t--W-t � 1; �-14 .ilt�T,Ji,.o �.1� � ;;i; A...iM.fr/J 1°1:N!, rfr;{f# B. 1.., .tf!..@,*'�iCi •E.:fa# .9l �� i-1tFJ-. o ff!Tlr<
'PJ�K.��Z6�����-'PJ.����*o
5. Right, now that everyone knows what team they're in, we'll get on with the orientation and training programme
and first I'll run through the rest of today's programme, which you should have in front of you, so that you can
gel a general idea of what else is in store today. :!ttiY-J, r,tf.'./,�/i'-A..;J/Jl�ilt in c..� -f•JJ)l/i'-FJ-. 7 , � 111 � � ;t�

105
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"in store"(f.J�,W,;/!: "��� :&1:=.i'.I{ " o
6. Anne works in the accounts department oo level two and she looks after all temporary staff, and so she is the
person to see if you have any problems regarding pay. Anne-tf_.:::.� alJ½it-!lJI .1.-ft, M:, � -t1f 1!1.PJ\':t1lt at .1.
*
#A.91 o Pfri;J., -1n> 1,t-1il;;tf .1. 1.- f-1 � a!J-i.f,"f i,:J. �Anne·k± o "on level two"�ir f!{J¾ "tE=�"o
7. He will also go through the security arrangements with you and show you the fire exits. ill!,½* 1;!: 111 ½ ;t ¾ 1:­
R�, 1f-%-t.,,1fi, 1f1 l!ii :k.. � o �,(fz.Ji. o "go through"tE�fil¾ "ff�ll1'i:f!t"t'J<Ji'.,\!!,o
8. We'll finish off the morning with luncli, which should give everyone a chance to meet and get to know each
other, and we'll be serving you a buffet lunch in the main hall, which is on the 1st floor, from 12 o'clock. � 111
♦�12A-t•r,tf.-�:k.Jr•t � .DIJ-?t-, i!.#-k. � "T'v.J.;t,ro.li.iJ...if--T, vUt.� ,t.J:-t-lr-J P'l$. o

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 reference I!.�� renew V. �11/i
sociology n.l±�� overdue a. .ctAA u<J
secondary a. 9''�E19 recall V. tf@J, l&@J
i
pr mary a. 1Hr-=a<J workshop lilfi.:t�' i# JJ fil
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familiarize V. Jl'ltl, dissertation n.i-ex

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periodical n.W-Fffl convention 11. .3J ·l!Jt , }Ji'Af
CD-ROM n. J�mB'tiJ.t bibliography n. �;ty4,; §

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main building ±� meteorology II • .ec�#,t

wing building �� sociology I!. tt�#,t
annex building �� theology /1. t1p#,t
ecology I!. �0$ loan card ff:\'-=t-HiE
botany n.:t.i'i�$ renewal II. �f'/!i

*
I. Access to online data bases and the Internet is available at both sites and each site has a range of reference
material on education. rl!i 1- l!J �-tlt$;i'.f -tf.�4lM-4, -l!!.,fit�J: f.iil, ,lidl.ii:-1- !Il � -tlt;KJ>�1ll j -J-,ti 1f �
oofl] 4'-;;1J--i# W:1iJ r.j:t"Access"��WJ' m"�:i!r' JU:lt, 1i}flj"
0 0

2. At Fordham we hold material relating to primary education, as well as special needs, but of course you'll need
A ·fll � � + �41
to familiarize yourselfwith both sites to make the most ofour resources. ,li=.Fordhami!l �-tit,
1f�*�-fi/4,-l!!.,ft·���#•t�a -�,i��-�-�A+E�1\t,.�¼�fflA��-f•o
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"as well as special needs"tl?-�l!l�'ilOf::(af�{t!i,::tfOO(!{J�fli:iJ l2J-/pij}E� J ITT!E19\mW- o "make the most of'�
}[',;Ji!" YMtiflJ ff.I n O

3. I'm living out of town, so Pm hoping I can borrow quite a few items, and cut down on the number of trips I
have to make. �{i,(i rp 31)1, r]f v'J.;1�,ij',� i'lt�Jj; ( -ik) J, 1{\' JL;f. �, v'J,,A '.),· 4\(..-fi_iH� ik.41 0 "quite a few"�
,�,J/'1�%"; "cut down"�)[!,¾"�'.'..);-" o
4. So theoretically I can borrow books for up to 3 months-is that what you're saying? Hr v'J., 1-1'. � J:.� iJI', � ,1t.
i (-,t..� )of ;,;i_i'rJi!J -=-+ Jl-{;\:�.i!+�.1£.- v.!lJ? "up to"�}[!_'':@'.$" 0 ��i}...)J.@:X� -JJHiiJ@"You
can renew any item a maximum of3 times"'li'j;,j\:=j:,;:Q½$r.iJIVJJlj/a\'.=1X o �11*¾�:/-+E19fr!i, Jl�-i.-?Xffl�E19
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5. Yes, provided they are uot recalled. lt flJ , ;i,, *i.lt� A.� Jlfl � � oiJ i'6 o "provided"ffl �T"if' o
6. Er, no, it's more to do with academic writing conventions, you know-writing a bibliography and how to refer
to sources in your text. •�- , ::f: k , S. -i$. Jl 'Jij 1t 7i $¼ , 'S ½ :4'i {,t ;!, t-f 'Jij 4- :,1J- :st. iil ;,;I_ J.l ,t, ;j.f ,(f. {�� flJ :st.� 'f iJ I
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108
1. But this hasn't always been the case. ,i!t)l f�-o{.-jf-:;f- ,\t,Jli!-½.f<r-1 o "be the casc"�-�-¾"tl'i'l5l£tf--:z,,.j,,j;f.t<J" o
2. However, Europe saw its last Asiatic lion roaming free 2,000 years ago. -i!tlf.. , ;JE ;,Jlj lit ,fJ.. l!J:. iffl :k. I¼- J:. ii� t.,
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3. Asiatic lions also have a long fold of skin on their undersides, whereas not many African lions have this. :lE iffl
fl1 fr-.) �.g-�-11 -¼c -¼c fr-J'ftl $1, ,i!t)l :k. .g-�j}-�F �I l#i!l.:. ;i\f o "not many":mit:J;tik "*ti17,)-t9:fl" ·· · · ··" o
4. But despite living in a sanctuary, which makes them safe from hunters, they still face a number of problems that
threaten their survival. _g'd& 't 1Jlf.!;-{£.,fi..1fdt' IR P'I , .ift� 1 �-A fr-J �-?,'.-, ,i!t,l 't {f1,fM./\ � drJ i,]--i')'- $ Ji\Jl-iJ.$.-
1:.4.e(J 1;;i,¥! 0 "a number of'(19;\¥J:!J.l�"ir'flt" o
5. When you see the Asiatic lion in India, what you sense is enormous vitality. JH!i� � .f1J 6p ;Jt {r-J ;JE �I ,l'/ji {r-J 1lf,f1:l,
1,t-½�1:ftl-,tf• e. :k.e(J if; /J o "sense"t.E�.fil!J{J�,\!!,¾"�§l:i1J" a
6. A significant proportion of the lions' diet is made up of the livestock of these farmers-goats, chickens and so

*1
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109
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physician n, �Jfili, p;Jf,j-�1: tablet n. mJt; ��;!&,{ii!��
promotional ad). -/JH� s{J ; tlfft a{J recipient 11-��:l
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attendance n. H:1/,W, t-l:\f.t89.A.>l{ effective adj. f-f%la9;

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extravagance n. !.!fit, fi!i9¥: conclusion �:W:
n. ti1/i't,
boundary n. J.!1-W-, :frJHi dispense V.71'A' :frllc
explosion n. :Ii�; fflr'F differ v.�-f c �!¥.II
glossy adj. ;f.f J't1't-B9; .!Rf.ft-l?&l'f{J prescription n. !11:"Jr' rfj"jj
brochure n. ,1'JJ1Ff grapple v.#-PI·
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deJjvcr V. scrutinize v.��
essentially adv. :,js.:&j:J:,

Qllestions 1-7

• iW�: LIST OF HEADil'l!GS

• �§ffiHlr:

110
 题号 答案位置 题解
1 A段 原文A段举了医生期望从制药公司得到回报的一个例子，因此答案为选项v。
2 B段 原文B段讲述了药品推销代表Schaefer的推销礼品预算，因此答案应为选项vi。

原文“……商业不会采取没有效用的策略，那么医生是否应该为药品销售的过度
3 C段最后两句 铺张受到谴责呢?抑或是划定界限的责任应该由制药行业承担？对应选项iii“谁该
为不断增加的推销负责？”。

原文“销售人员向医师提供急需的信息和教育。很多情况下，光洁的小册子、打
4 D段 印的文章和处方是销售人员向健康护理人员提供的主要资源。”对应选项ix“药
品推销的积极面”。

原文：“这些钱花得有意义吗？这一点很难说。“我一直接受一家公司的髙尔夫
球， 我也使用这些球，但是这并不意味着我会在处方中开这家公司的药品”，
5 E段最后4句 一名医生这样说，“我更倾向于认为自己并没有受到他们给我提供的物品的影
响。”对应选项i“并不是所有的医生都被药品推销打动”。

6 原文“虽然在这方面很少有综合研究，但是华盛顿大学的一项研究调查了药品试
F段第3句
用品的可获取性是如何影响医生开处方的。”对应选项vii“药品推销效果的研
究。”
原文“……制药公司就整体而言，在市场上的投入远远大于在研发上的投入。最
7 G段第1、2句
终在飞涨的处方价格中，病人会为分发的每一支笔、每一张免费戏票、每一顿牛
排晚餐买单。对应x选项

Questions 8-13

• J!�: YES /NO/ NOT GIVEN

• II" 13 ffff.:t)r :
�� �fftial 3t i:j:I �Ell,� IU:!fA!Hff

I la El : �{!;,(Kim Schaefer� f.t 1¥.l ffl 't!Ht � (!{J ffi � + 5r ;(f I

IBIBl:m _ / :;: "······SchaeferE!ratllHtta<J.R:fk�4-tl9��f-t�­

8 I Kim Schaefer, budget l 'ii - Mti15��i!ta<1*illi--:$..lfflfflrf>'Effla<11L4t!l:fll,J\m:t,
J 1 n11.1d-t--t ,Hm tR � f fH11 l!!l'.� e(J Eff 1f. , �s -t�:11o $!.I
l !

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, ... ···", �.llt��:1-JYES o

111
 �� �fftial 3t i:j:I �Ell,� IU:!fA!Hff
题目：医药公司提供的信息对医生几乎没有什么用处。
information provided by drug D段第二
10 原文：“销售人员向医师提供急需的信息和教育。”因此
companies 句
答案为NO。

题目：药品推销的证明在医疗环境中清晰可见。
E段第三
11 Evidence of drug promotion 原文：“病人几乎看不到医生使用没有药品名称的笔或者
句
护士使用没有印上公司标识的小药片。”因此答案为YES。

题目：制药公司在未获得医生处方的情况下可能向病人赠
free drug samples, 送免费药物试用品。
12 F段句末
prescriptions 原文：虽提到了药物试用品，但和题目的内容完全不相
关。因此答案为NOT GIVEN。

原文G段 题目：制药公司赚钱是合法的。
13 legitimate, make money
第三句 原文：“最终，事实就是制药公司总能获取利润，并会
不断发现促进销售的新方法。”因此答案为YES。

医药营销

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Questions 14-18

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Nicaraguan National 原文：“到1985年，全国有30万文盲人口学会了阅

第3段第2句
14 Literacy Crusade, 读、 写宇和使用数字，其中很多人没上过小学”。因
illiterate 此答案为B选项。

pubic health experts, 原文：“明确提到研究结果表明女性的受教育程度和孩子的

15 第5段
child health 健康有密切联系。”因此答案为F选项。

原文：“研究小组同时也调查了存活的孩子以了解他们的健
16 Nicaragua 第4段最后1句 康程度。”因此答案为C选项。

17 attitudes, eliminated 第2段 原文：“女性受到教育这一事实可能仅仅显示出其家庭比较

富裕或者家庭更为看重子女…”，因此答案为J选项。

ffi2.131:*1i:l
infant health and 原文：“这项研究的结果表明妇女阅读能力的提高对其孩子
18
survival 的健康和生存有直接影响。”因此答案为F选项。

Questions 1.9-24

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题目：研究人员调查的妇女中大约有1000人在儿童时期就学会
a thousand of the
19 了阅读。
women
原文：没有提到题目的内容，因此答案为NOT GIVEN。

题目：在全国扫盲运动之前，文盲母亲和在小学期间接受教育
的女性的婴儿死亡率大致相同。
原文：“研究者的发现令人吃惊。在20世纪70年代末期，文盲
Before the National 母亲的婴儿死亡率约为1000个婴儿中有110个死亡。那些后来
20 第5段
Literacy Crusade 才学习阅读的母亲也有相同的婴儿死亡率(105/1000)。然而对
于那些在小学期间接受教育的女性而言，婴儿死亡率为相对而
言比较低，为80/1000。”显然婴儿死亡率差异很大，因此答
案为NO。

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particularly adv. ��}tlil!!., �!ll�iili substitute n. tHtn"li
recalcitrant adj. &m(fl, ffillm1¥J assertiveness n. Flf�
depressed udj. 'l.fl-�(f.1, t,j�{L!.r#l'fJ victim n. '.W: � A. , mtt:tf
extreme adj. t&�(-f(J, t&llti'J<J worthwhile adj. -ffiHJi,fMlB':J, {ilHi H\ JJ B<J
suicide n. FI*, @J.§llt approach n. tf#.f., :iilf:fi':
interpersonal adj. A..!c.iA.zfiij(.f(J, A.�**tl<J supervisor n. �'ll'f A., �iJ:!!!.A.
violent adj. fHJ(f(J distinguish V. j3j}lj, mjjrj
consequence n. £.3/.*, l�!,f!�� boredom n. Ek.-/!&
severity n. F'.fil; .F� frustration n.�9&. �:tJr­
tackle V. @HOJHjJ�)' :!ll:JM!' frfftk: rP.duction n.lr£Y
evaluati.on n. if fir' {ii fir objective n. Elf;i;, § B<.l

Questions 27-30

• �!I!l: LIST OF HEADING

• Im 13 ff.f.:t!r:
题号 答案位置 题解

原文：“在我和Irene Whitney开展的一项调查中，我们发现在英国小学中，有四
原文A段 分之一的小学生有过受欺凌的经历，其中十例中有一例为持续受到欺凌。中学的
27
第2、3句 欺凌现象要好一些，大约二十五例中有一例是持续受到欺凌，但是在这些情况
中，受欺凌者可能反抗极其强烈。”对应选项iv“对英国学校欺凌现象的研究”。

117
 题号 答案位置 题解
原文：“欺凌显然是很不愉快的，而且会使经历过的孩子产生自贬和沮丧情绪。
28 原文B段 ……”因此答案应为选项vi“欺凌行为对孩子的影响”。
原文：“可能由此产生的一个现象就是学校经常会否认这一问题。……”对应选
29 原文C段第2句
项v“学校对于欺凌现象的反应”。
原文：“导致这一变化有三个原因。第一是对欺凌问题严重性的认识；第二，在
英国有一些帮助处理欺凌的资源。……第三，有证据表明，这些材料发挥了作
30 原文D段 用，学校也因此在反欺凌方面取得一些成绩。……”因此答案应为选项vii“学
校对付欺凌新办法的发展”。

Questions 31-34

• ;\!!�: MULTIPLE CHOICE

• J12!F-lfti!i'.:ffr:
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

原文A段 原文：“……我们发现在英国小学中，有四分之一的小学
31 A recent survey
第2、3句 生有受到欺凌的经历，其中十个案例中有一例为不断受到
欺凌。中学的欺凌现象要好一些”因此答案为B选项。

32 Children who are bullied 原文B段 原文：“受到欺凌的小学生成年后更容易在人际沟通中遭

第3句 遇困难。”因此答案为D选项。
原文：“到目前为止，我们对这一问题的了解还远远不够，
而且也几乎没有给教师提供处理欺凌问题的帮助。可能由此
33 The declaration"There is 原文C段
产生的一个现象就是学校经常会否认这一问题。“这个学校
no bullying at this school" 前两句
没有欺凌”已经被重复了无数次，但是绝大多数情况下都不
是事实。”因此答案为D选项。
原文：“在挪威，经过一次全国范围的干预运动之后，对42
原文D段
34 Norway 所学校的一项评估显示，在两年多的时间内欺凌行为减少
倒数第2句
了一半。”因此答案为A选项。

Questions 35-39

•;\!!�:SUMMARY
• J12!F-lfti!i'.:ffr:

题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

35 makes the school's

原文E部分第 原文：“证据表明，控制欺凌行为最核心的步骤是制定遭
attitude towards bullying
quite clear 1段第1句 遇欺凌行为的政策(policy)”因此答案为policy。

36 how the school and its 原文：“……明确欺凌行为意味着什么，并就其发生时应

原文E部分第 该采取哪些措施、保存哪些记录、通知何人、实施何种制
staff will react if bullying
occurs 1段第1句 裁方式等给出明确的指导(explicit guidelines) 。”因此答
案为 (explicit) guidelines。

118
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解
原文：“通过在课程(curriculum)中使用影

37 action can be taken 原文E部分第2段第2句 像、戏剧和文学等方法去处理这一问

题。”因此答案为curriculum。

potential, trained to be 原文：“对于那些容易成为被欺凌对象

38 原文E部分第3段第2句
more self-confident （victims）的学生而言，自信训练是很有意义
的”，因此答案为victims。
原文：“一个有效步骤就是培养午餐时段监督
39 playground supervision 原文E部分第4段第2句 员以区分嬉戏式斗争（playful fighting）和欺凌
行为”，因此答案为playing fighting。

Question 40

• ®'i'llii : List of Headings

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 V\'RITIN:G

TASKl

We are given two charts which show us a few sets of data about the marital status of the
Americans between 1970 and 2000.
The first chart compares the number of marriages and divorces in the United States of
America between 1970 and 2000. We can see that data is given for each decade; the number of
people who are getting married decreased slightly since 1980, as well as the divorces one.
Nevertheless, divorces increased between 1970 and 1980.
The second chart is more precise about the different marital status of the Americans between
1970 and 2000. The number of divorced people has risen more than the double during this two years,
and the data for the never married people has also increased significantly. However, less and less
people are married, as the first chart showed us; the widowed American number is also decreasing.
As a conclusion, we can say that the marital status background of the Americans has maybe
known the greatest change it had ever seen.

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TASK2

Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same thi11gs a11d avoiding change. Others, however, thi11k that
change is always a good thing.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

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1fFEl9�r!o

Over the last half century the pace of change in the life of human beings has increased beyond our
wildest expectations. This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing
the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. This means that change Is not always a
personal option, but an inescapable fact of Ille, and we need to constantly adapt to keep pace with it.
Those people who believe they have achieved some security by doing the same, familiar things are
living in denial. Even when peopie believe they are resisting change themselves, they cannot stop the
world around them from changing. Sooner or later they will find that the familiar jobs no longer exist, or that
the ·safe· patterns of behaviour are no longer appropriate.
However, reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that 'change
is always for the better'. Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because
they have good impacts for the majority of people. A lot of innovations are made with the aim of making
money for a few. This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose
changes ( such as in working conditions or property developments) that are in their own interests.
In conclusion, I would say that change can be stimulating and energizing for individuals when they
pursue it themselves, but that all change, including that which is imposed on people, does not necessarily
have good outcomes.

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123
PARTl

:(£� -ffj)f.r, �,g�1r ffi El B :J:HJl!i-A� ��ffi . �J§' tr :Jf JR-'/HJL/� , 1IUil �i5!:;g fF , ut faJ , �-� �;:It
i5!:{�L�o �1f1'1ff *�OO���l'.l<J�3:1, If'F-, 1im�:ltf1MB.::¥i:ffilmli:Jf�fiiJ o

Your friends
1 Do you prefer to have one particular friend or a group of friends? (Why?)
In some ways this would depend on the occasion, what I'm doing, _etc. But overall I'd prefer to have one very
close and dear friend. I'm a quiet person by nature, and I often feel awkward or tense in big groups of people.
I'm more comfortable with just one person, and then you can learn to lmow each other more deeply.

by nature *•li.J-. tense f * awkward jr:i[

2 V/ha, do you like doing most with your friend( s )?

I think just sitting around the table and talking over a good meal. The atmosphere is relaxed and informal, we
joke a lot, we play around, and have good conversations together and catch up on what's happening in each
other's lives.
catch up on 3-r-i+
3 Do you think it's important to keep in contact with friends you knew as a child ( Why/Why not)?
I guess so. It's always sad to lose a good friend, especially from childhood. I think that most people who have
kept in contact with their childhood friends have very special and meaningful relationships with them, and can
keep their childhood memories alive.

4 what makes a friend into a good friend?

A good friend has many qualities. Perhaps the most important qualities are real love, sincerity and honesty,
respect, believing in each other, encouraging each other. Also a good friend is always there for you, always
patient--a good friend never gives up on you.
sincerity;(*

PART2

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124
 Describe an important choice you had to make in your life.
You should say:
when you had to make this choice
what you had to choose between
whether you made a good choice
and explain how you felt when you were making this chioce

- -
A\B Let me see ... some time ago, I had to decide whether or not to move from the city I lived in to go to
I
i#� another city to study.
This wouldn't have been a very hard decision, because I wasn't really happy about where I was living;
I didn't feel like my life was going anywhere, and I needed a change. It wouldn't have been a hard I
decision, except for the fact that I'd be leaving my boyfriend. We'd been together for almost a year, I
and were extremely close. It's always been difficult for me to make decisions, and I procrastinated a
long time before making this one; I felt confused, unhappy, and so very tired. I knew that ifl stayed/
with him I probably would have been very happy .:. but who knows for how long, right? So I decided
to move to a different city.
Even though it was hard at first, and I was very lonely, I think that I've learned a lot, made a lot ofJ
progress, and my character has changed and developed for the better. I don't regret making this
choice, although I still miss my boyfriend and sometimes I wonder what life might have been ILlce, if/
we were still together.
---------- -
procrastinate :#2.�

PART3

�1f ��1=. 00� El:l ffi =-ffll?ti:i 1 $ tlj

m� -t Pi! �ag�ft:f.n :l'ti� o
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i�·Jlm*·f.Vlj
Important choices

I. What are the typical choices people make at different stages of their lives?
Perhaps some of the more important decisions people are faced with are, what to study, what kind of career
they would want, what job to take, if they should travel, who to msr.:y, how to raise their children, etc. Of
course, there are many little choices that we make day-by-day that shape our character and our future.

1. Should important choices be made by parents rather than by young adults?

I don't think so. Once a person has reached adulthoo<l he should be mature enough, and responsible enough to
make his own decisions. When parents make decisions for their grown children, it often results in them feeling
resentful or pressured, with both sides blaingm
each other. It makes the young adult lazy and Indecisive.
Parents should let their children learn how to make decisions, even if it has some bad consequences: the
experience is good for them.
resentful •� 'IR a\J indecisive ft.��tt'f t/-J

125
 3. Why do some people like to discuss choices with other people?
To get advice, I suppose, additional infonnation, and an outside perspective-which can really help, especially
if you"re feeling emotional about this choice. It's wise to benefit from the experiences of others. A person's
perspective is limited, and it is important to see the big picture, in moments of important decision. Also,
sometimes you just need to get the weight off your chest-just talking about the situation helps clarify it in
your mind and see the pros and cons, etc.
perspective tt ft! get the weight off your chest - ti±. fe •�
emotional tt it 1t /1(] clarify 111:.1! B!Ji-

Choices in everyday life

I. Whal kind of choices do people have to make in their everyday life?
There are loads of choices that people can make in their everyday life but most of the choices are centered on
what they are going to wear or what they are going to eat. You know actually most people don't like to make
choices because they take so much work to try and figure out what is the best thing to do in any given situation.
Most people, to be honest, would like others to make choices for them.
loads of 1il.. j a(] be centred on .t_ 'f' -f

2. Why do some people choose to do the ,same things every day? Are there any disadvantages in this?
As I just said, a lot of people don't like to make choices, too much work, they say, so they just get into a nit or
a routine and do the same things every day. Now some things are good that you do them every day, like
brushing your teeth but other things should change as "variety is the spice oflife."
rut - � .:f f (JiJ fei im

3. Do you think that people today have more choices to make than in the past?
Oh, people have a lot more choices today than in the past. You can see that as evidenced by the number of
channels on a TV, or the number of sites on the Internet or the number of brands of foods that you can choose
from in a supermarket. Choices just seem to keep coming at people and how they deal with these choices,
sometimes even tiniest details choices, can make or break a life.
make or break ��!Ix.,&

·126
General Training: Reading and Writing
Test A

SECTIONl

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emergency n. ��:lfi£, �t,t$14 insurance n. -f!il:�.�lliiz.lf!.
available adj. nJ J:i:liU i¥J, ff J:1:1 i¥J prescription ll. �Ji, pj;f
immunisation n. ��; �� symptom ll. 1il: !j;I;: ; fiE��

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�* , *
responsibility n. :ilt1f, l!RJ!f dentist n.3f12i
discrepancy n. }lg alternatively adv. =�:!$-ill!.
diarrhoea n. !ll7'1'5

Questions 1 :-4

• Im�: MATCHING
• »1i § :imm =
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

题目：如果在正常工作时间之外需要帮助应做什么。
outside normal working B段第二句 原文：“请注意，此呼叫是对我们工作的补充服务，限发生
1
hours
紧急状况时使用。”

127
 题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解
题目：需要日常信息与谁联系。
2 for general information Fm:�-ki] 原文：“我们的前台提供基本的信息咨询，他们经验丰富，对
很多基本信息了如指掌。”

题目：在健康中心注册会发生什么事情。
3 register with the Centre DliJ!:ffi-kiJ 原文：“在健康中心注册3个月以内的作常规药物治疗的新患
者，会被邀请和他们的医生一起进行一次体检。”

A段第三句 题目：如果需要取消预约要做什么。
4 appointment 后半部分 原文：“如果您不能在预约时间前来就医，请尽早打电话通
知我们以便我们安排其他患者在这一时间段前来就医。”

Questions 5-9
• /mi�: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN
• Im § itYrl:Jr :
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

题目：中心就诊每次必须选择同一位医生。
原文：“为了便于您和医生充分了解彼此的状况，我们建议您尽可
5 the same doctor A段第二句 能每次都选择同一位医生。”可见这并不是必须的，而只是中心的
建议，因此答案为FALSE。

题目：如果需要开重复的处方必须预约。
6 appointment 原文：文中没有提到题目中的内容，因此答案为NOT GIVEN。

题目：海伦∙斯尊奇(Helen Stranger)是护士长。
7 Helen Stranger C段 原文：C段出现海伦∙斯尊奇(Helen Stranger)，但并没有没有提到
她的职位，因此答案为NOT GIVEN。

题目：前台服务人员可能会让您描述一下您的病情。
F段最后
8 receptionists 原文：“她们会简单地询问您的症状和疾病的情况，这能帮助医生
一句
判断病情的紧急程度。”因此答案为TRUE。

9 new contact G段第一句 题目：如果您搬了家应该告诉中心您新的联系方式。

原文：“如果您决定变更地址，请通知我们。”因此答案为TRUE。

柯士顿健康中心患者信息手册

A fU�
ffi�lit��826969 ()1l]-�JWlli, _ttps:30�rlf s:oo)o '1 T�'f�fU��Jt:% TJi¥HJtJ.lt(ig:\kt£.
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128
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Questions 10-14

• RMru : MATCHING
• Jm §ffJ:lHlr:

�Ji;- '.iE f.u: iiij ��f.u:.ir ��

原文小标题“Meal 题目：只工作3小时的临时工应该___.
10 3 hours
Breaks"下0～4hrs"行 原文：“（工作）0-4小时无休息时间。”因此答案为C选项。

原文 ：＂（工作）8-12小时休息60分钟（分2次休，每次301
题目：工作 11 小时的员工应该·-。
题目：工作11小时的员工应该___.
原文小标题“Meal
原文小标题 "Meal
11 11hours
11 : 11 hours 原文：“（工作）8-12小时休息60分钟（分2次休，每次30分
Breaks"下8～12hrs"行
Breaks" 下 " 8-12hrs" 行
钟）。”因此答案为B选项。
分钟） "因此答案为B选项。C

I find out
find out when 原文小标题 "Meat 1题目：想知道什么时候休息，员工应该___.
whento tol原文小标题“Meal
题目：想 知道 什么时候休息，员工应该—_o
12
12 原文："各部门的员工公示板上将会公布应该休息的时间"。因此
原文: “各部门的员工公示板上将会公布应该休息的时
/尸比ir break Breaks"下最后一行
have their break j Breaks" 下最后一句
,
间 。”因 此答案为 F选项 。
答案为F选项。 1

129
 �Ji;- '.iE f.u: iiij ��f.u:.ir ��
题目：从事食品加工的员工必须___.
原文：“从事食品加工的员工应每年接受公司牙医进行
13 working with food 原文倒数第三行

_ 的牙齿检查。”因此答案为I选项。

题目：生病的食品加工员工应该___.
原文倒数第七至倒数 原文：“从事食品加工的员工无论在工作期间还是休假
14 Food handlers,ill 第五行 期间，一旦有任何呕吐、腹泻和肠胃不适的症状，必
须向人事管理部门汇报。”因此答案为H选项。

*�;f;lj ��4ft,!ij(i*
�Ji.fr1'f :iE"it Jn I ;fa 11{5 Bt Jn I

重要信息

sdt:fHt-.\l
( i� � if£®:{;f.� Bt fa) :!'Ii� )

IitBtfaJ {t,�B;ffe]
0-4 ;J,Bt :Jc
4-6 ;J,at 1 s:5}111'
6-811'Bt 30�P
8-12 ;J,Ef1 60f,Kll1 ( :$t2JX{II(' 4JJ-JX30�)
12-24 !)\flt 75:$tl1P(:$t3J'X�. 2lX30 :$-}ilP, IJ'Xl5:,t�)
各部门的员工公示板上将公布应该休息的时间

ffitl:�
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*���ffl=:fEff�;fJOI�&'l189iE:itlnio

130
SECTION2

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PASSAGE 1
enrol! v. jfi2, a::!lll­ duration n. :Jt�.:l;Btl'BJ. 1-JWl
appUcation n. $-iW communication n. 3cvii, f[fffi
category n.fir�. ��lj annum n. "'F • :;J
automatically adv. § z;iJ:11!!.. m�:lt!!. commence V.1f!tt/, ;g=f
otherwise adj. & adv. JH� , i!fJ)llj applicant n.$m�
outstanding
- - -
adj. �tl:l 89, lw.�89

PASSAGE2
database n. �i@]!t convenient adJ. f£l1Ja<.J,
-- ·- :1f{J!(l<J
electronic adj. �rl¥J librarian 00-#tt.m., 00-#�JJn./'A
. ·-· -····

n.
statistical adj. mtt89, m t$89 t introductory adj. 11-mflf!{J
download v.T� guarantee n.- &- v. �iiE, m�-
tutorial n. :/1j]¥j identification n. �5£. iJI�

Questions 15-21

• /W�: MATCHING
• Im§ ffiHJr :
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解
15 SCE exam B段 此题较简单，根据SCE可直接定位到B段。

16 overseas
GIB1: 题目：只对来自学院海外分部的学生提供。
branch 原文：“4个半额奖学金提供给布拉姆里学院新加坡校区的优秀学生……”
ll!§ : Jf���1f�HJ1:o
m!Jt: "*�*�fif�j4'.�$:-l"J,:, �*i@¾i&!:i.iiiE�·�;ffi\89�� o "
not offered F段
17 every year 第二句
题目：学生需申请。
18 apply E段末句 原文：“请注意，申请者需填写《布拉姆里学院国际奖学金申请表》来
申请此奖学金。”

题目：每年发两次。
19 twice each A段
原文：“此奖学金将在两个日期发放给在3月和6月加入项目的学生。奖学
year 第三句
金根据第一学期的成绩来发放。”

题目：支付学生的全部学费。
100%, F段
20 原文：“1个全额奖学金提供给攻读艺术和设计(摄影)文凭课程的最优秀
tuition fees 第一句
的学生。”

题目：提供半额奖学金。
21 50%,fees G段
原文：“4个半额奖学金提供给布拉姆里学院新加坡校区的优秀学生……”

131
 参考 译文
布拉姆里学院国际奖学金
布拉姆里学院国际奖学金

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Questions 22-27

• ��: MULTIPLE CHOICE

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题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解
题目：为使用图书馆打印机，学生必须有____.
原文第二 原文：“您可以免费搜索光驱数据库，而且还可以使用您的图书
22 library printers 段第一句 馆复印卡(photocopying card)在图书馆的打印机上将搜索结果打

／釭·将搜索结果复制到软盘上学生支付＿＿。 勹
印出来。”因此答案为C。

。
题目：将搜索结果复制到软盘上，学生支付___.
原文第二 原文：“或者，您可以将搜索结果下载到磁盘上，这个仍然是免
原文第 二 原文： ＂或 者，您可以将搜索结果下载到磁盘上，这个仍然是免费 I
23
23
l nfloppy
ppyd lsk
disk 段第二句 费(for no charge)的，只需要上您自己已格式化的软盘或光盘驱
1 段第二句 (for no charge) 的，只需 带上您 自 己已 格式化的软盘或光盘驱动
动器。”因此答案为B。
器 。 ”因此答案为 B 。
I 题目 ：如果 图书馆职员在光驱上搜索信息，学生应支付_o
题目：如果图书馆职员在光驱上搜索信息，学生应支付___.
原文第二 原文：“如果您不是很清楚如何进行搜索，图书馆的工作人员
原文第 二 原文 ：＂ 如果您不是很清楚如何进行搜索，图书馆的工作人员可以
24 CD-ROM 段末句 可以帮助您，但是每次需收20美元服务费，无论这项服务花费
段末句 帮 助您，但是每次需收20美 元服务费，无论这项服务花费多长时
多长时间。”因此答案为A。
间 。”因 此答案为A 。
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132
 题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

25 Internet 原文第三 题目：学生可以学习使用网络____.

段第三、 原文：“您可以使用在线教程Netstart，只需点击主菜单中的
四句 Netstart图标。这个教程可在任何时候(at any time)使用，通过一
些基本步骤教会您使用互联网。”因此答案为A。
26 library workstations 题目：为确保有效地进入图书馆工作站，学生应该___.
原文末端
原文：“请注意：想使用图书馆广州站的需求非常多，因此，我
第一句 们强烈建议您预定(book)一个工作站……”因此答案为B。

27 time, library
题目：任何一次，学生可以使用图书馆工作站___.
workstation 原文末端
原文：“……并且在任何时间，您的使用时间都不得超过一个
第一句
小时。”因此答案为B。

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SECTION 3

篇章结构

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Questions 28-34

• iW?l!l: LIST OF HEADINGS

• f.W § fWHJr :

Nli� Nli§�{:U: iffl HM

28 原文：“很多年来，人均用水量一直呈现出上升的趋势。随着国家工业化程度和居
A段前两句
民生活水平的提高，个人用水量也随之急剧增加。”对应选项ix“发展的需要”。

29 原文：“农业消耗了世界上大约70%的淡水，因此改进灌溉方式对节水的效果最为
B段第一句
显著。”对应选项vi“极其依赖水的行业”。
原文：“在发达国家，由于水价的提高、现代技术的使用以及循环用水，用水量已
30 C段第一句 经逐渐下降了。”接着分别举了美国、日本及德国的例子，因此对应选项iv“一些
国家采取的成功措施”。

31 D段第一句 原文：“许多专家认为应对这种趋势的最好方法是根据水供给的真正成本征收水
费。”接下来的部分均围绕征收水费展开描述，因此对应选项ii“经济费用”。
原文：“减少用水量的一种很简单方法是防止漏水。”对应选项vii“减少浪费的方
32 E段第一句
法”。

134
 Nli� Nli§�{:U: iffl HM
原文：“对生态系统的干预会给当地降雨格局和地表径流产生重大的影响。”对
I 33 F ��- 1iJ
/L ·-

应选项vii“自然资源的相互依赖”。

34 , G �3¼:*1i"J 原文：“从广义上讲，通常认为降雨带将会北移，这将增加非洲、中东和地中
海地区缺水的状况——一个确实很严酷的前景。”对应选项iii“未来的前景”。

Questions 35-40

• /lliIDf: SUMMARY
• :llJHlfWHfr:
题号 题目定位词 答案位置 题解

people living in 原 文 A 段 原文：“随着国家工业化的加剧和居民更加富裕(prosperous),

35 industrialized
第二句 个人用水量也随之急剧增加。”因此答案为prosperous。
countries

growing demand 原 文 A 段 原文：“在21世纪，有限的可更新淡水供应必须满足不断增长的

36 总人口(larger total population)和不断增加的人均用水量的求。”因
for fresh water 第 四 句 此答案为population。

原文：“在发达国家，由于水价的提高、现代技术(modern
原文C段
37 some rich countries technology)的使用以及循环用水，用水量已经逐渐下降了。”因
第一句
此答案为(modern)technology。

原 文 E 段 原文：“据估算，在第三世界的一些大城市，一半以上进入管网的
supply systems
第 二 句 水通过管道漏水（leaks in pipes）、水龙头滴水和损坏的装置被浪
38
费了。”因此答案为leaks。
原 文 F 段 原文：“另一种节约水资源的方法是更好的管理环境（management
39 environmental 第 一 句 of the environment）。”因此答案为management。

原文：“从广义上讲，通常认为降雨带将会北移，这将加剧非洲、
40 already suffered by 原 文 G 段 中东和地中海地区的缺水（water deficit）状况——一个确实很严
many countries 末句 酷的前景。”因此答案为water deficit。

水危机
提高水利用率以满足不断增长的用水需求

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136
 \\' R ITI :"i <;

WRITING TASK 1

You and your family are living in rented accommodatio11 in an English-spt>aking country. You are not
satisfied with the condition of some of the furniture.
Write a letter to the landlord. In your letter
• introduce yourself
• explain what is wrong with the furniture
• say what action you would like the landlord to take

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Dear Mr Smith,
I am your tenant from Flat 3 on Riverside Street. We met each other when I signed the rental
agreement in your office.
I have lived here for 6 months now and I am writing to complain about some of the furniture. As you
may remember, the dining table is in very poor condition and has uneven legs. It also does not match the
dining chairs as these are too low to be comfortable for a table of that height. When I first pointed out to
you, you agreed to provide a brand new dining set. However, you have not done so and I would really like
to resolve this matter as soon as possible.
If it is more convenient for you, perhaps you could simply replace the table by finding one of a suitable
height for the chairs. T_his would solve the problems without too much cost, so I hope you agree to this
proposed solution.
Looking forward to hf:!a�ng from you,

Yours sincerely,
M.M.Egil

137
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to resolve this situation without delay� o

WRITING TASK 2

Some people think it would be a good ideafor schools to teach every young person how to be a good parent.
Do you agree or disagree with this opinum? Describe the skiils a person needs to be a good parent.

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B':J:Jift�o

Every young per.son, male or female, should know more about being a good parent before having
children. There are many cases in which very young women give birth to little babies, without ·having a
clue what means to be parent.
In addition, school should provide courses, teaching young persons to be good parents. It might
seem as something very easy. Every woman can be a mother. the problem is what kind of mother she is.

138
 It is said that human instinct develops after giving birth to a child and every mother - father
instincturally feels what to do for the baby. But, there are some things that ought be known before.
A ch.ild is not a simple toy. A child is a big responsibility, love and care. A mother should know if
she is ready or not to have a child, and a couple should prepare before having children.
We can see many cases with families behaving badly-in real life, on TV, reading newspapers,
when children are very bad, when parents abuse their only children, screaming and shouting, smacking
them. Who is guilty then? The parent or the child? This r.ases can end really badly if the persons in
charge-here-parents and not the children-don't learn how to behave themselves, how to handle
their children, how and when to give them support.
In addition to all the things written above, it would be a very good idea for schools to teach
young persons become good parents, as this con help young people how to handle their own problems
and above all their children·s problems.
A child is the mirror of the parents.

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examples. A good parent must know how to set limits for their children. Parents should spend time with their

139
 children, talking to them and giving them emotional support.
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...give birth to ... "�:':I:::"
It would be a very idea for ...to ... " .. · · · · J:i\Z·�.. · · · ·"
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... without having a clue what means to be parent. fill jg ...without having a clue about what it means to be a
parent.

140
General Training: Reading and Writing
Test B

SECTION 1

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

PASSAGE I
emplo_r.m�t casual
opportunity vacancy
n.@ffl;
-· If'F
- --� adj. 偶然的，不经意的
n. 计划,时机 n. 空缺；空闲

PASSAGE2
cheque �14 wheelchair n. �1ilt
perfonnance n. ��. �1±1 eligible
n.
adj. :�f-�*flj=i'.19
inclusive � �*(l{J,
- - . �ffit'.l(J discount tfrfll-
matinee n. BJc*frt'.l(Jif>f-� refund n. &v. il!i:E, ill�
adj. - -
n.
-

disabil ty
....... -�- . i-
n. !t� unforeseen adj. x�ffi�i'.19
c�'!IP!'lion _ _ _ _ n. _fiiHf __ . ..... _ ..... . . _ . circumstance n. 11f �
advisable adj. {ff�tH1t#1¥.J , fJJJ 11 [l(J

Questions 1-2

• .18.i�: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

• IIUUltfi:

Nli� Nli§�{:U: iffl �J;{u:• IIM

?
"Saturda y Jobl 111;:1: :ttU!t11!!i-J:PJ!li',ljxffi'1ft!/ili
I' ffi )t ",J,-...::-tj; II!
,.e �- n 4,; &! .IJ)t: 1J\tf,Jffi"Saturday Job Guide"rBfilOCfi�I
.
teachers I Gutde ,- B � C tr JX. I, J 'l1l' -1
)"' ;J, � iii
Iii J!e " ti � A Jn ( Academic statT
1
o
"M nday- Frid y a Job H i hli hts"
�- g g "Monday-Friday Job Highli hts" rTUESDAYfiili
I ,·TUESDAYtr g
I -...::-

J:w."fUf(Edu�at�on)�o _

141
 Nli� Nli§�{:U: iffl �$ffi:I 题解

PI( x ,J, tf- Im "Saturday Job 题目：报纸广告中哪两天招聘护士？

2 nurses
Guide" r o +:r & ,J, f;j; ,m mi. :>I:: 1],t,j!ffi"Saturday Job Guide"rDfi"[2fl!Jt�
"Monday-Friday Job Highlights" ·,Mfr ( f2f%-Am)" IJ;.1Mij;@i "Monday-Friday Job
TTI-TIJRSDAY:fi Highlights"TTHURSDA Y 1i"f2f�;ffl�ffr" 0

Questions 3-8

• Im� : Matching
• !H!JlfHJr

0:-f} ffiij�f.ii:wl �J;{u:• fffiM

university lecturer
W- JC ;j, t,j 11.il "Saturday Job Iii � : tt-?J-:;Jc�-imifi It1= o
3
Guide"rB1i mi.x: "ifli�;ttW(tt�A!JJ. ) o "

4 start your own business

�:SuH•i-fill "Saturday Job Im � : �31<' i1J illctll � o
Guide"rHfi mi.x: "li:l �-M.ill!.Vl.�o "

}ffi)( 11':f,f,fill "Saturday Job RHl: �:>RnNJiscpt¥1KW!If1=:tJL�o

5 hotel
Guide"rGfi mi.x: "miJis�tkA!JJ. o "

Jffix1J,tj;J;ID "Saturday Job i!ij: :/t�-0�'1l!'l111JJlffit¥.!Itl=o

6 public administration
Guide'TMr mi.:>1:: "i;tJfflfRW:(�rwootm±rrl )o "

7
Ii¥. X 1],:j:;j; /1Ii "Saturday Job Ii�: tt�x1!12{1¥.J*.ill!_;jlmetJI,ff-Vl,� o
agricultural work
Guide"rlfi mi.x: "tl(ttIITT1fl.(,fgt5"�:l:mit1=) o "

8
W- JC 1j, ;j;j Im
"Saturday Job lffi�: tt�li{!iU;J-Iff-o
temporary work J
Guide''TJ1-i mix: "1lffia. I0 "

招聘专版（周六版）

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ml1'Iftffiffi
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B ��tt�(tt#/=A!JJ.)
C ;j,�;ff1�1:1$(��}.._fft)
D f2fll1£;f1l�ffr( �%-Am.)
E lT;f1frf-Jl:tJL
F �tt-;f11li!t *( � i'i'1t.ill!.)
G mi Jis '1:t 1;j,:}.._ff.!

142
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I :&ttl!R1fi( �.r&;&•I flc)
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周一—周五工作集锦
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mll!ll: ��;f1l�ffr
i&Kf 0;1:t-Jl� � �O!Rf.\'L ( �i¥5�}K ± :J-M )

Questions 9-14

• ffi�: TRUE/FALSE/ NOT GNEN

• !1.HI imtrr :
Nli� Nli§�{:U: iffl ��1:u:.W !Hi
,, Nli § : �APJ:im:i:J:jijjffl-i.Tao
mi: )t Jj\ tr, m "on-line
9 Internet mi:SC: "m'tf www. stanfieldtheatre. corn �J:Jir...t
;#Ji\Z,tJ
1f{�tf�i.T��f/£o "12S!Jl:t•• 1:JTRUEo
Nli§=•••�n•�@��...t��m��
@iiil: ljij § c. a<J i¥ ii&� $rnH1r10 o
lili:::iUJ\;jff,».fil"Saver"r mix: "16� �Jra<J:rtr. 60��...ta<J�A�
10 60-year-olds
�=1il ftllH��1:lfi:iJ f:/t;@2:!tf•f}J o ")t 9'1 £ ti:', ,?,\\ T 60;#
�...t�A.@•**•���ffl�ljij�B�
�tJ&, 12S!Jl:t�;t1:JNOT GNEN o
��=���ffl��a<J��A±m����
Someone accompanying a @:)t1j\:f,j;ffi AriJ��iffrtlJ o
11
wheelchair user "Supersaver""F�-1,J mix: "�11etA±�-1:u:�1:rlfl'J*PI*�*1ftm
111. o "1;,§Jlt•• 1:JTRUE o
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ffl� 0

1ili: Jt 1J\ ;j:j ffi "Standby"

Jni:SC: "*ffl:MiliH•tt-��.����
12 Standby tickets, 45 minutes ;f1lil:1HJl 11��{tj: i¥J mA DJ t:J.�6:ttf#Hl'-l'ln' }o fft
XtfiiI1iJ
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B 9'11jij••-����11��#.mJlt••
1:JTRUEo
B]i§: l0i;.Gl1;�mA�i*i.T�PJ�1i:tlrtOo
W- X 1J\ tf- ffi "Group
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Bookings";# Ji\Z,tJ
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14 get their money back
r�= 1D �� m m
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143
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*
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ffl: lll!:±Jff�filI-1Nr1", �il-'W�filifil�"il��{tf:a<J�it J:iJ��6-91'1911T1ll���iHiElH.i'L;

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■
0

illtt g : J.!Gff1��-{3t�-��ila Jl!Hr , � �F !iil ��nr ffi.u!.1'1912il � �fic:ilil: H:1 � jJ!j 0

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■
tE� �J:iJ���ffM�mt'19ft��o

SECTION2

(J['),,!.t'
lQ'.;;) 'J,:::llc.'3'
i=J l,DJ / [

PASSAGE I
arrange v. $:tl� - height __n. ��� �tt ____ _
-
pay off :il: 7i!1 < ffl9r � H-tn'f, ffl.;Ji , fill j� .posture n. (;!lt�(l(J ):!t;F�, ��
set aside •••• -•
ill±l, �)®i
•- ,_ , 00 OWO _,,,. -
alphabeticallt _ adv. fli*iij:J@if¥:it!!.
•-•• ••••"•-•••

allocation n. 7}� relevant ad j. :fif Jca{J, ffll.ilZl'19

-- - ·--- -- --- -·-·------------·-·-·- · -- ·- -··-· _,.,...... -·· -··-· -·-· -· ,,._, --
"'

recreational adj. �*1'19, #�1'19 comment n. & v. tl:ff., i.ifit

sche dule -
n. B;ffa]�, :i11:J.l�
•••• •- -••-••-•- •-•••-••-•----� •- • •••
concentrate v. #Pt'
tackle v. J.ill{,t(�1t$�). !ll:JID., ffHk: especially adv. �jlJ, jt;lt
physic�!_ adj.. �Jl![(i(J , . . (I(�. E!.�. _d�so�ganised adj. ��Ap, ��..Xiitt¥.l
_p�ef�bly adv, £mE'.
------ - - - - - -conversation
--· ___ ., __ -
n. �115.�iik -
-··---·--·-··-·-· ··--•-···-·-•-·'-•

!llentaJl� cmv_. 'ffi.M!...t.,_ � _f:L..t.. :(F.pq ,f,, refine I!, ffii$,_ mllP1

144
 Test B

PASSAGE2
particular adj. f#�a'�. ,t;}JJIJEi'� adaptation n. .m ii'l' i'Jl!.liu
owe to �3�Jr, �31z;l=f paragraph 11. ( ::x::lJ: )@:, @:�
popularity n. if&, i.mrr, Jl'fgJ plagiarise v. lJVJ, ��
request n, & V. ffl>R, �Jj( simulation n. {jj�, mm
notification 11. :iffim, 1!J 'er, '.!r� authentic ad). ���, riJf]f�
forum n. iQ:±i , i.J-iQ;� essential n. ,$:1.lff, �l.lff adj. *!.m�, £;;$:(!(J
venture 11. & V. �@. �-tJL, J'A.�

Questions 15-21

• »11:!t2: List of Headings

• »11 § �tfr :
题号 段落对应内容 题解
-- - - - -, mi�� ,-;-ft J;;WJ H�1J�-$5t��J;;�����ittl

15 B段全部 I ¥N�1-!·¾-�1t,:(f:,t;:WJ&,ffl�1Ut�, �i�UM.l:J!l!:.1& 1

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_ill�lj!xi"lii(i - -- o
1¥.1-tt7tJ@iff"
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C 3: "...�ak: sure that you have an area or space mi�: ":(f��&:�J:.��1�� --�����:�fa]j
16 . /
I for studying. . m�j$3:/, M@mJyj1v ��:iilc--1-Ift:2.laJ o
: D 3: "�a:e sure that a;l the p:ys�cal e�uip�ent f!tSI:� "lifeW�J;;J���;�������(!{JJifr�l
i

17 that you use, such as a desk, chair etc. is at al �J.ll!_i,9:4k�:(f{{r,IB'.fci'.�iffi/Jt o "�1"1.i!I�JmvffHIHl!J.!

, good height for you. " I �� .. o
.-- --
E Fil: "It is also a -good idea to log these �X: "-1-1tH-f�.:Ei':'%t�:!1J.�@1J,""FJtfli!ffl'.f- 1
18 alphabetically so that you can find them easily-� HJ:.DW!J¥:J:Htl l)J �ffr,��1!l�f'c±t!rf.UIJ�1fl, l!� I
1 li ftf.'i:#� ts-%fi!?i o "M@�:r.ITTix" § �ffi5 I" o
-
rather like keeping telephone numbers. "

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, F @: ... make a copy of the relevant pages before I g 1,., ,v -t-
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19
You Ieave.
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G ./31:... 1t may be that you actually need to takcj ta-b-h 1 J ..tr .
20 ., 1
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y�u� m�n� ri�� o�: :r a p�r�d o�ti�e.
____ I___
1 H Fil: "Bring your topic up in conversations a,I ffli:SI:: ":#fita<Jit.Jai{jHIJffl"l£M!'fJi.J-iQ;q=i1oc:ff�Jt
I
21 , meal times or with other students and see what! ft!,,ji'l1$-®�H.J-, iiE:1t-rfll!iil��!.l!. o "�;J-@�I
they have lo say. " Jffi-vii"i§ki'i!:1$1'1<.JT.ft" o
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Questions 22-27

• !ill� : MATCHING
• /!§§��:

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dealing with letten; R�: JltWWxt=f!lJ:Jll.l�i/Ff�H&�:/WW1,
22 K@:�-'r,J
of complaint fffi.)t: "-1-;;fif�e,'JMJ!-�ll{iiJ lfil�J®l�*m? "
R1l � : J!t���1fMll-fliJ;l:1Jffl 00 �ffi 0
C @:1J,.j:ii;Jm&
23 use the libraries /m.-.SC: ,J,tr-Jm"53t'IW-M.t4"; iEX"::zjs:i,\il:W19-1'l3cttfllL�J.ffifn
iEX:f&Fo-'1:iJ
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pe1formance at
24 I@: fffi.-.SC: "ftI{1=, $fii.IfF:J:f::/�ilJ�f3tI1t o illl�fil�AJfi�ili�?
interviews
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25 HJ]
your sources mm� f'j(Jjf�,m.;r,t;cJ LA:¥JJ{/J;a(])(f,ri:p �llfiiJ ��f!;�jjl]A�
x•' �ffi��o
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26 reading skills Gtll mix: " .... · -r�•l¥J11&��3J :7-Wllbffr-il!Jt�lllt!\¥., ..... -�Jffltf,
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146
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continent n. :kl!m, :km! remarkable adj. :iF-'¥-#1¥J. i�JLa<J, {tH!Jlt
appear v. tl:\J!.11. :(t.1¥J
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.x !'(g (l<J, �� a<J
=-�*
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Triassic n. & adj. =.fttc ( � ), impression n. ��. �:l.!l; ffi1(il
(89), =-1Hc.*-1:i"( 89) capable adj. ::fiT�1189, �-=fa<J
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colonise v. tom., m� survive v.1t�,1=_fE
_reptile n. �fi'iJJ� conclude v. ff-ilii!�. mim, ��
generation n. -ft, f=-1:. descend v. r*. r�; i!f�
liwrd TI. !lffm glide n. & v. tltfi', ffl-11!
awkward adj. *r.tl89 evolve into 3:/iOlHt)Jilt
decade n. -t-:lf-, + discovery n. 3'.J!.\l., 3'.ly:J89*l9
fossil n. ft-1:i" transform v. ��. i;\J(:'i:
prompt V. cm:�, a1JJ, flE-&! abdomen n. !tl, lll'lm
reveal V. !lf£Jt, ffl�. :1:U aeronautical adj. Mfi��l't.l
suspect v. t:f-�, ffi:© adj. 4r A 11'�89, hollow adj. �1¥], �.Ql89
PJ�89 sailplane n.m�m
resemble v.fl,�fi;I. slender adj. M*a<J, �*89
evidence n. iiEffl meteorite /1. Wn&, mt.!i.
_ C?ntroversy n. i£:$-, �H-e:, i-£:� comet n. �.i.
surround V. '@.[Jll, fill� vertebrate n. 'ff"ffi:iJJ !jm
natural historian it!f-lJ.I�* fragile adj. �Wa<J, Mi:a<J; llfe;�$ t':19
classify v.Jt�,71'�
---

Questions 28-34

• :Imm: Matching
• :lm§�tfr:

149
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f!itSl:: "�f:ft{f1:fE�J:¥:��-f;'( Santa Monica)JxltlltJ:i.jUJrn:rFooat, MacCreadyffi
28 J¥1�-1i] m
w }t;f!l ;l"f)t/L aMIH� � ' ITT! NUJHJ1.¾ �V-L i:p �$:Ii}:�89-� "�t $ !Mi § ". ::/U!l
0

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29 D��=1i:J
JN!Jfi?i/J!Jo/J, Jift89:5t�m:st� T'EB9�li o "Mw.lMI § '·�:tr:1t��tt\!a%El!Jl",
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30 F.§l:�-1i]
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32
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33 E.§l:$j)},j1,J
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Questions 35-38

• /lfilID!: Matching
• ®i §I 11¥Hfr :
lffi� W:m:itt@p;JJS lffiM

m�:�-�T�=f��*-��filffiITIT*�-�Xft¾��*��a
35 Gf.i¾:M-tJ f!ii.)'[: "]f,jc;flJ&l)t:'i\tFabio dalla Vecchiaill: 'lz;I jg�ff]J.lil;;{f a<i:lll•:Wl tlY�-ft,(,t:tj,
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Im� : ftl!,m:��ft¥1'ff-.-t.nira<JliEffi.
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 \\'RITI N<;

TASKl

You have just mo�ed into a 11ew home and are planning to hold a party. You are worried that the noise may
disturb your neighbour.
Write a letter to your neighbour. In your letter
• introduce yourself
• describe your plans for the party
• invite your neighbour to come

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3. :&f1Hll.@�1.J11

Dear neighbour,
I am your new neighbour, I moved in Last week with my son, I am working as a nurse in the nearby
hospital. I am planning to hold a party, I will invite all my friends and relatives, my son also will invite
his friends I would like to invite you too, I will be happy to see you.
At the party I will provide all kind of drinks, different type of food, I will prepare
intercontinental dishes as well as some Arabic food, in addition I will also get some Indian and Chinese
food. I will order them from the restaurant, so we will have planty of food and drinks, we will also
listen to some music and I will introduced you to all of my ferinds, also who ever likes to dance they
can. I hope everyone will enjoy the party and have fun including you.
If you decided not to come for any reason, please inform me, and I want to be sure that the
noise will not disturb you.
Looking forward to see you, as this party gives both of us the opportunity to be good freinds.
Yours faithfully,
Mahir

153
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TASK2

Using a computer every day ca11 have more negative thar1 positive effects on young children.
Do you agree or disagree?

每天用电脑对小孩来说弊大于利。你是否同意？

154
 I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer
every day. This is partly because sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes
and the physical posture of a young child, regardless of what they are using the computer for.
However, the main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract children. These are
often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather violent. The player is usually the ·hero' of
the game and too much exposure can encourage children to be self-centred and insensitive to others.
Even when children use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailing
friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. Spending time with other children and sharing non-virtual
experiences is an important part of a child's development that cannot be provided by a computer.
In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied. Their adult
world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the Internet is the key to all the knowledge
and information available in the world today. Therefore ii is important that children learn al an early age to
use the equipment enthusiastically and with confidence as they will need these skills throughout their
studies and working lives.
I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must
ensure that their children iearn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simpiy sit at home, learning to live in
a virtual world.

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