Disease Sars

Causative Agent Corona Virus

H1N1

Corona virus

Description Drug of choice Severe acute respiratory Antibiotics to treat syndrome (SARS) is a bacterial causes of respiratory illness caused by atypical pneumonia a virus which is spread Antiviral medications mainly by close person to High doses of steroids to person contact. reduce lung inflammation Oxygen, breathing support (mechanical ventilation), or chest physiotherapy Ribavirin and Solumedrol Swine flu (swine influenza) is Antiviral treatment with a respiratory disease caused oseltamivir or zanamivir is by viruses (influenza viruses) recommended that infect the respiratory tract of pigs and result in nasal secretions, a barkinglike cough, decreased appetite, and listless behavior. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a set of related diseases in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar (specifically, glucose) in the blood. Treatment of type 1 diabetes almost always involves the daily injection of insulin, usually a combination of shortacting insulin [for example, lispro (Humalog) or aspart (NovoLog)] and a longer acting insulin [for example, NPH, Lente, glargine (Lantus), detemir, or ultralente].
y y

Diabetes

Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin, or both.

Hypertension

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y y y

Smoking Obesity or being overweight Diabetes Sedentary lifestyle Lack of physical activity High levels of

High blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension means high pressure (tension) in the arteries.

y y

Alpha blockers Angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers

y y

y y y

y y

salt intake (sodium sensitivity) Insufficient calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption Vitamin D deficiency High levels of alcohol consumption Stress Aging Medicines such as birth control pills Genetics and a family history of hypertension Chronic kidney disease Adrenal and thyroid problems or tumors

y y y

Central alpha agonists Diuretics Renin inhibitors, including aliskiren (Tekturna) Vasodilators

Cancer

Dengue

Cancer is ultimately the Cancer is a class of diseases result of cells that characterized by out-ofuncontrollably grow and control cell growth. do not die. Dengue fever can be Dengue fever is a disease caused by any one of caused by a family of viruses four types of dengue that are transmitted by virus: DEN-1, DEN-2, mosquitoes.
DEN-3, and DEN-4.

Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, or gene therapy. It is advisable to take paracetamol to relieve muscle and joint aches, fever and headache. Hepatitis A: Fortunately,
99% of those infected will recover without treatment. Hepatitis B: nterferon alfa-2b and lamivudine Hepatitis C: interferon and a combination of interferon and ribavirin

Hepatitis

Infections from viruses (such as hepatitis A, B, or C), bacteria, or parasites

Hepatitis is a swelling of the liver that makes it stop working well. It can lead to scarring, called cirrhosis, or to cancer.

Hepatitis D: Interferon alfa-2b

Leprosy

Mycobacterium leprae

Rabies

Rhabdovirus

Tetanus

Clostridium tetani

Leprosy is a disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae, which causes damage to the skin and the peripheral nervous system. Rabies is spread by infected saliva that enters the body through a bite or broken skin. Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by contamination of wounds from bacteria that live in the soil.

Aspirin, prednisone, or thalidomide are used to control inflammation.

human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG)

y y y

Antibiotics, including penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, or metronidazole (metronidazole has been most successful) Bedrest with a nonstimulating environment (dim light, reduced noise, and stable temperature) Medicine to reverse the poison (tetanus immune globulin) Muscle relaxers such as diazepam Sedatives Surgery to clean the wound and remove the source of the poison (debridement)

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis eneterogans

Leptospirosis is caused by exposure to several types of the Leptospira bacteria,

y y y

Ampicillin Ceftriaxone Doxycycline

Pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Malaria

Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium falciparum

which can be found in fresh y Penicillin water that has been contaminated by animal urine. It occurs in warmer climates. Pneumonia is an infection of Cefuroxime one or both lungs which is usually caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) y Isoniazid is caused by the bacteria y Rifampin Mycobacterium tuberculosis y Pyrazinamide (M. tuberculosis). You can get y Ethambutol TB by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person. This is called primary TB. Malaria is an infectious chloroquine, mefloquine, disease caused by a primaquine, quinine, parasite (plasmodium) pyrimethaminewhich is transmitted from sulfadoxine (Fansidar), human to human by the and doxycycline.
bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.