Υ(10860) 0−(1−−)

Υ(11020) 0−(1−−)

Mesons named with the letter "f" are scalar mesons (as opposed to a pseudo-scalar meson), and mesons named with the letter "a" are axial-
vector mesons (as opposed to an ordinary vector meson) a.k.a. an isoscalar vector meson, while the letters "b" and "h" refer to axial-vector
mesons with positive parity, negative C-parity, and quantum numbers IG of 1+ and 0− respectively.[5]

The, "f", "a", "b" and "h" mesons are not listed in the tables below and their internal structure and quark content is a matter of ongoing
investigation.[6][7] The particle described in the table above as f0(500) has historically been known by two other names: f0(600) and σ
(sigma).[8]

A complete set of meson naming conventions is set forth in a 2017 review article for the Particle Data Group which also contains a table mapping
pre-2016 common names to the new Particle Data Group standard naming conventions for XYZ mesons.[9]

Meson properties
The following lists details for all known and predicted pseudoscalar (JP = 0−) and vector (JP = 1−) mesons.

The properties and quark content of the particles are tabulated below; for the corresponding antiparticles, simply change quarks into antiquarks
(and vice versa) and flip the sign of Q, B, S, C, and B′. Particles with † next to their names have been predicted by the standard model but not yet
observed. Values in red have not been firmly established by experiments, but are predicted by the quark model and are consistent with the
measurements.

Pseudoscalar mesons

Pseudoscalar mesons

Particle Particle Antiparticle Quark Rest mass Commonly decays

IG JPC S C B' Mean lifetime (s)
name symbol symbol content (MeV/c2) (>5% of decays)

+ −
Pion[10] π π ud 139.570 18 ± 0.000 35 1− 0− 0 0 0 (2.6033 ± 0.0005) × 10−8 μ
[a]
0
Pion[11] π Self 134.9766 ± 0.0006 1− 0−+ 0 0 0 (8.52 ± 0.18) × 10−17

γ+
Eta [a] [b] 0
η Self 547.862 ± 0.018 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 (5.02 ± 0.19) × 10−19 π +
meson[12]
+
π +
+
π +
Eta prime [a] [b] 0
η′(958) Self 957.78 ± 0.06 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 (3.32 ± 0.15) × 10−21 (ρ + γ) / (
meson[13]
0
π +

Charmed See ηc decay modes

[b] p://pdg.lbl.gov/2010/l
eta ηc(1S) Self cc 2,983.6 ± 0.7 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 (2.04 ± 0.05) × 10−23
gs/rpp2010-list-eta-c-
meson[14]

See ηb decay modes

Bottom
p://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/l
eta ηb(1S) Self bb 9,398.0 ± 3.2 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 Unknown
gs/rpp2014-list-eta-b-
meson[15]

+
μ +
+
+ − 1⁄ π +
Kaon[16] K K us 493.677 ± 0.016 2 0− 1 0 0 (1.2380 ± 0.0021) × 10−8 0
π +
+
π +
0 0 1⁄ [c]
Kaon[17] K K ds 497.614 ± 0.024 2 0− 1 0 0

+
π +
K- 0 [e] [d] 1⁄
KS Self 497.614 ± 0.024 0− (*) 0 0 (8.954 ± 0.004) × 10−11 0 0
Short[18] 2
π +π

±
π +
±
K- 0 [e] [d] 1⁄ π +
KL Self 497.614 ± 0.024 0− (*) 0 0 (5.116 ± 0.021) × 10−8
Long[19] 2 0
π +
+
π +
 +
D + − 1⁄
See D decay modes
D D cd 1,869.61 ± 0.10 0− 0 +1 0 (1.040 ± 0.007) × 10−12 tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
meson[20] 2
ngs/rpp2014-list-D-p
minus.pdf)
0
See D decay modes
D 0 0 1⁄ tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
D D cu 1,864.84 ± 0.07 0− 0 +1 0 (4.101 ± 0.015) × 10−13
meson[21] 2
ngs/rpp2014-list-D-ze

+
See Ds decay modes
strange D + − tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
Ds Ds cs 1,968.30 ± 0.11 0 0− +1 +1 0 (5.00 ± 0.07) × 10−13
meson[22] ngs/rpp2014-list-Ds-p
-minus.pdf)
+
See B decay modes
B + − 1⁄ tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
B B ub 5,279.26 ± 0.17 0− 0 0 +1 (1.638 ± 0.004) × 10−12
meson[23] 2
ngs/rpp2014-list-B-pl
minus.pdf)
0
See B decay modes
B 0 0 1⁄ tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
B B db 5,279.58 ± 0.17 0− 0 0 +1 (1.519 ± 0.009) × 10−12
meson[24] 2
ngs/rpp2014-list-B-ze

0
Strange See Bs decay modes
B 0 0
sb 5,366.77 ± 0.24 0 0− −1 0 +1 (1.512 ± 0.007) × 10−12 tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
Bs Bs
meson[25] ngs/rpp2014-list-Bs-z

+
Charmed See Bc decay modes
B + −
cb 6,275.6 ± 1.1 0 0− 0 +1 +1 (4.52 ± 0.33) × 10−13 tp://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/
Bc Bc
meson[26] ngs/rpp2014-list-Bc-p
-minus.pdf)

[a] ^ Makeup inexact due to non-zero quark masses.

[b] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ħ⁄ is given instead.
Γ
[c] ^ Strong eigenstate. No definite lifetime (see kaon notes below)
[d] ^ The mass of the K0 and K0 are given as that of the K0. However, it is known that a difference between the masses of the K0 and K0 on the
L S L S
order of 2.2 × 10−11 MeV/c2 exists.[19]
[e] ^ Weak eigenstate. Makeup is missing small CP–violating term (see notes on neutral kaons below).

Vector mesons
 Vector mesons

Commonly decays
Particle Particle Antiparticle Quark Rest mass
IG JPC S C B' Mean lifetime (s) to
name symbol symbol content (MeV/c2)
(>5% of decays)

Charged
+ − [f][g] ± 0
rho ρ (770) ρ (770) ud 775.11 ± 0.34 1+ 1− 0 0 0 (4.41 ± 0.02) × 10−24 π +π
meson[27]

Neutral
0 [f][g] + −
rho ρ (770) Self 775.26 ± 0.25 1+ 1−− 0 0 0 (4.45 ± 0.03) × 10−24 π +π
meson[27]
+ 0 −
Omega [f] π + π + π or
ω(782) Self 782.65 ± 0.12 0− 1−− 0 0 0 (7.75 ± 0.07) × 10−23
meson[28] π +γ
0

+ −
K + K or
Phi −22[f] 0 0
(1020) Self ss 1,019.461 ± 0.019 0− 1−− 0 0 0 (1.54 ± 0.01) × 10 KS + KL or
meson[29]
+ 0
(ρ + π) / (π + π +

See J/ψ(1S) decay

[f] modes (http://pdg.lbl.g
J/Psi[30] J/ψ Self cc 3,096.916 ± 0.011 0− 1−− 0 0 0 (7.09 ± 0.21) × 10−21
ov/2014/listings/rpp20
14-list-J-psi-1S.pdf)

See ϒ(1S) decay

Upsilon [f] modes (http://pdg.lbl.g
ϒ(1S) Self bb 9,460.30 ± 0.26 0− 1−− 0 0 0 (1.22 ± 0.03) × 10−20
meson[31] ov/2014/listings/rpp20
14-list-upsilon-1S.pdf)
∗
See K (892) decay
Kaon[32] ∗+ ∗− 891.66 ± 0.26 1⁄
1− 1 0 0 −23[f][g] modes (http://pdg.lbl.g
K K us 2 (3.26 ± 0.06) × 10
ov/2014/listings/rpp20
14-list-K-star-892.pdf)
∗
See K (892) decay
Kaon[32] ∗0 ∗0 895.81 ± 0.19 1⁄
1− 1 0 0 −23[f] modes (http://pdg.lbl.g
K K ds 2 (1.39 ± 0.02) × 10
ov/2014/listings/rpp20
14-list-K-star-892.pdf)
0 +
D 1⁄ [f] D + π or
∗+
D (2010)
∗−
D (2010) cd 2,010.26 ± 0.07 1− 0 +1 0 (7.89 ± 0.17) × 10−21
meson[33] 2
D +π
+ 0

0 0
D 1⁄ [f] D + π or
∗0
D (2007)
∗0
D (2007) cu 2,006.96 ± 0.10 1− 0 +1 0 >3.1 × 10−22
meson[34] 2
D +γ
0

Strange ∗+
∗+ ∗− [f] D + γ or
D Ds Ds cs 2,112.1 ± 0.4 0 1− +1 +1 0 >3.4 × 10−22 ∗+ 0
meson[35] D +π

B 1⁄ +
B
∗+
B
∗−
ub 5,325.2 ± 0.4 1− 0 0 +1 Unknown B +γ
meson[36] 2

B 1⁄ 0
B
∗0
B
∗0
db 5,325.2 ± 0.4 1− 0 0 +1 Unknown B +γ
meson[36] 2

Strange
∗0 ∗0 +2.4 0
B Bs Bs sb 5,415.4 −2.1 0 1− −1 0 +1 Unknown Bs +γ
meson[37]

Charmed
∗+ ∗−
B Bc Bc cb Unknown 0 1− 0 +1 +1 Unknown Unknown
meson†

[f] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ħ⁄ is given instead.
Γ
[g] ^ The exact value depends on the method used. See the given reference for detail.

Notes on neutral kaons

There are two complications with neutral kaons:[38]

Due to neutral kaon mixing, the K0 0

S and KL are not eigenstates of strangeness. However, they are eigenstates of the weak force, which
determines how they decay, so these are the particles with definite lifetime.