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TEST BOOKLET
CSAT APTITUDE TEST (4019) – 2023

C
Time Allowed: Two Hours Maximum Marks: 200
INSTRUCTIONS
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THE ANSWER SHEET.
3. You have to enter your Roll Number on the Test Booklet in

the Box provided alongside. DO NOT write anything else on
the Test Booklet.
4. This Test Booklet contains 80 items (Questions). Each item is printed in English. Each item comprises four
responses (answers). You will select the response which you want to mark on the Answer Sheet. In case you feel
that there is more than one correct response, mark the response which you consider most appropriate. In any
case, choose ONLY ONE response for each item.
5. You have to mark all your responses ONLY on the separate Answer Sheet provided. See direction in the answers
sheet.
6. All items carry equal marks. Attempt all items. Your total marks will depend only on the number of correct
responses marked by you in the answer sheet. For every incorrect response one-third of the allotted Marks will
be deducted.
7. Before you proceed to mark in the Answer sheet the response to various items in the Test booklet, you have to
fill in some particulars in the answer sheets as per the instruction sent to you with your Admission Certificate.
8. After you have completed filling in all responses on the answer sheet and the examination has concluded, you
should hand over to Invigilator only the answer sheet. You are permitted to take away with you the Test Booklet.
9. Sheets for rough work are appended in the Test Booklet at the end.
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO
1
.
1. If mn = 625, then what must be the value of 5. The following pie-chart indicates the admission
(n/2 )+ 1
(m + 1) , where m and n are whole numbers
charges in a school. Study the pie chart carefully
and 0 ≤ m ≤ 20 ?
(a) 512 and answer the question that follows.
(b) 216 Admission charges in a school

(c) 289
(d) 324
Dress,
20o
2. Ram and Sunita have some money. Product of Building
fee, 58o Admissi
the amounts of their money is Rs. 308700, and
on fee,
it’s known that Sunita has less money than Ram. 146o
If HCF of their money is Rs. 105, then how Tour,
much money does Ram has? 60o
(a) Rs. 420
Tuition
(b) Rs. 735 fee, 76o
(c) Rs. 815
(d) Rs. 675
If expense on dress is Rs. 1200 less than the
3. Out of 160 sports persons in a club, 10% persons expense on building fee, then what must be the
can play hockey, cricket and basketball. There expense on tuition fee?
are 30 persons who can play only two sports. 40
(a) Rs. 7600
persons can play only hockey. What is the total
number of persons who can play cricket only or (b) Rs. 4100
basketball only? (c) Rs. 2400
(a) 92
(d) Rs. 1800
(b) 86
(c) 74
(d) 68
6. Pappu has a tank of unknown capacity. When
4. Shubhi, Krishna and Anurag can do a work in 60 there is 120 litre of water in the tank, it is 20%
days, 30 days and 20 days respectively. Anurag full. If there is 280 litre water in the tank, then
works alone but on every fourth day he took help
what fraction of the tank must be full?
of Shubhi and Krishna. In how many days will
the whole work be done? (a) 1/5
(a) 8 days (b) 7/15
(b) 4 days
(c) 2/7
(c) 16 days
(d) 15 days (d) 8/17
2 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS

.
7. Consider the following statements. Passage – 2
S1. Sum of the first natural number and the first A good foreign policy must work for you all. Your
everyday needs from the world must be better met. And
whole number is always zero.
since we are a collective as a country, our national
S2. If √3 is an irrational number, then √3 + 2 security must be assured. As that is done, the pursuit of
will be a rational number. our aspirations must be facilitated. The foreign policy
being the link to the outside, it should enable us to draw
S3. Product of √3 + 1 with the sum of the first
what we seek. This could be in terms of technology or
natural number and the first whole number will
capital, best practices, or even work opportunities. And
be zero. obviously, we would all like to be strong; we would like
Which of the above statements is/are wrong? to look good and we would like to feel appreciated. Any
policy which ensures all these goals has a lot going for
(a) Only 1 and 2
it. It does not necessarily have to sound nice; it must
(b) Only 2
simply pass the smell test.
(c) Only 3 9. Which of the following best describes a good
(d) All 1, 2 and 3 foreign policy according to the author?
(a) The one which makes a nation and its
citizens independent.
Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
(b) A policy that gives us better work
Read the following two passages and answer the items opportunities.
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items (c) The one that strives to fulfill our usual
should be based on the passages only. demands from the world.
(d) A policy that connects us to the world better.
Passage – 1
You are what you eat, and similarly, you are what you
think, and you are totally what you want to believe. Such 10. Consider the following:
1. Poverty reduction
is the power our minds have, on who we are, what we do,
2. More H-1B visas
how we behave, what choices we make, how we conduct 3. Continuous supply of crude oil
ourselves, what mood we choose to be in and be 4. Innovative ways of school education
consumed by, and how we allow others to see us, accept 5. Increased foreign indirect investment
6. A missile deal with Russia
us, define us, and celebrate or shun us.
Assuming the author is talking about Indian
8. According to the author, which of the following context, which of the above things can be a part
options best explains who you are? of good foreign policy, as implied by the
(a) A person’s willpower. passage?
(a) 2, 3, 5 and 6 only
(b) What we believe.
(b) 1, 2, 4, and 5 only
(c) How we behave. (c) 3, 4 and 6 only
(d) How a person conducts himself. (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

.
11. The digits of a two-digit natural number differ 15. A tank is half filled. It is attached with two
by 1. If the digits are reversed, and the number pumps P and Q, which can fill an empty tank in
obtained by reversing the digits is added to the 16 minutes and 20 minutes respectively. If both
original number, we get 187. What is the the pumps are opened simultaneously, then how
difference between the original number and the much time would it take to fill the tank?
number obtained by reversing the digits? (a) 80/9 min
(a) 6
(b) 70/9 min
(b) 7
(c) 40/9 min
(c) 9
(d) 76/9 min
(d) 8
16. The following pie-chart shows the percentage

12. P, Q, R and S are four numbers such that the sum
distribution of different modes of transport used
of P and Q is 4/5th of the sum of R and S, and the
by the people. Study the pie chart carefully and
ratio of R and S is 3:2. P is half of R, and Q is
5/4th of S. If sum of these four numbers is 900, answer the question that follows.
then what is the difference between Q and P?

(a) 150
Train
(b) 100 Rickshaw
12%
(c) 250 14%
(d) 300
Bicycle
Car 11%
13. If a set P has 7 elements, then the number of 23%
subsets of P that contain at least 4 elements is

(a) 32
Foot Bike
(b) 64 5% 35%
(c) 78
(d) 81
14. A, B and C together can finish a work in 4 days.

Total number of people = 28600
If A alone can finish the same work in 18 days,
Number of people who uses car and bicycle as
whereas C alone can finish it in 12 days, then
modes of transportation is what percent of the
how many days will B take to finish the same
total number of people?
work while working alone?
(a) 34%
(a) 16 days
(b) 17%
(b) 15 days
(c) 9 days (c) 43%
(d) 11 days (d) 25%

.
17. The following pie-charts show the percentage of Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
literate female, literate male and illiterates in Read the following two passages and answer the items
2001 and 2011. Study the pie charts carefully that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
and answer the question that follows. should be based on the passages only.
Passage – 1
Total population in 2001 = 20,000 India will achieve net zero emissions latest by 2070, that
is, there will be no net carbon emissions, Prime Minister
Literate
Female Narendra Modi declared at the COP26 summit. By 2030,
11% India would also ensure that 50% of its energy will be
from renewable energy sources. However, none of this
can help the 1.5°C mark from being breached. A major
Literate
Male point of emphasis of the report, particularly for South
24% Asia, is the trend in the ‘wet bulb’ temperature — an
Illiterate index of the impact of heat and humidity combined —
65% and its effect on health. Lucknow and Patna, according
to one of several studies cited in the report, were among
the cities predicted to reach wet-bulb temperatures of
35°C if emissions continued to rise, while
Bhubaneshwar, Chennai, Mumbai, Indore, and
Total population in 2011 = 24,000 Ahmedabad are ‘at risk’ of reaching wet-bulb
temperatures of 32°C-34°C with continued emissions.
This will have consequences such as a rise in heatwave-
linked deaths or reduced productivity. Global sea levels
Literate
Female Illiterate will likely rise 44cm-76cm this century if governments
31% 33% meet their current emission-cutting pledges. But with
higher emissions, and if ice sheets collapse more quickly
than expected, sea levels could rise as much as 2 metres
this century and 5m by 2150. India is one of the most
Literate vulnerable countries in terms of the population that will
Male
be affected by sea-level rise. By the middle of the
36%
century, around 35 million of its people could face
annual coastal flooding, with 45 million-50 million at
What is the difference between the number of risk by the end of the century if emissions are high.
literate females in 2001 and 2011? Experience has shown that partisan economic
(a) 6240 calculations trump climate considerations, but India
(b) 3890 must shore up its adaptation measures and urgently move
(c) 4000 to secure the futures of its many vulnerable who have the
(d) 5240 most to lose.

.
18. Based on the above passage, the following Passage – 2
assumptions have been made: “Keeping up with the Joneses” is an expression that is
1. India alone achieving net zero emissions is commonly used to describe the attitude of always
meaningless as the developed countries are wanting to keep up with the neighbors in terms of
the major carbon emitters. possessions and wanting to have the things that our
2. Climate change in India will induce lesser neighbors have. Envy is another word that can be used to
precipitation. describe this frame of mind. Unfortunately, it is an
3. In the current scenario, India, alone, cannot attitude that is widespread all over the world.
mitigate the negative impact of climate Throughout our childhood and most of our adult life,
competition is the order of the day. Right from our

change.
school days we are taught that our self-worth is measured
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
in relation to other people. At school, our grading system
(a) 1 only
gives you a number at the end of the term. If you “pass
(b) 3 only
number one” that means you are the best in your class. If
(c) 1 and 2 only
you “pass number 25” that means, there are 24 other kids
(d) 2 and 3 only
that are better than you are. This carries on through
life. The rivalry does not always end when children grow
19. Based on the above passage, which of the
up. The success of one child in adulthood is measured
following are the likely impacts of climate
against the success of another.
change in India?
20. Which of the following is the most crucial and
1. Increase in deaths of people
logical inference that can be made from the
2. Decline in coastal flooding
above passage?
3. Decline in food grain production
(a) Competition is at the root of all problems.
4. Decline in labour productivity
(b) Competitive mindset is an innate
Select the correct answer from the code given
characteristic of human nature.
below:
(c) Competitive attitude may not always be
(a) 1 and 2 only
ethical.
(b) 1 and 4 only
(d) The system of competition at different
(c) 2 and 3 only stages of human life should be done away
(d) 3 and 4 only with.

.
21. A sweet shop owner prepared 1760 laddoos. He 24. In a school annual function, 93% students
has a square tray in which he wants to put these participated in dance and 74% students
participated in drama. Find the percentage of
laddoos in such a way that the number of rows
students who participated in both.
and columns is same. After putting all the
(a) 65%
laddoos, he got to know that he needs some more (b) 67%
laddoos to completely fill the tray. What is the (c) 69%
minimum number of laddoos he needs to fill the (d) 71%
tray?
25. Rahul has some toffees with him. When his
(a) 24 friend Shyam asks him about the number of
(b) 14 toffees he has with him, Rahul says, “If you
(c) 16 subtract 8/3 from the number of toffees I have,
and then multiply the resultant by 21/2, you will
(d) 4
get 7/2 times the number of toffees I have”.
How many toffees does Rahul have?
22. Three numbers which are co-prime to each other (a) 4
are such that product of the first two co-prime (b) 6
numbers is 459, and product of the last two co- (c) 8

(d) 10
prime numbers is 621. What is the sum of these
three co-prime numbers?

26. 18 tractors can finish a work in 12 days and 12
(a) 57 backhoe loaders can finish the same work in 9
(b) 67 days. What is the work efficiency ratio of a
(c) 79 tractor and a backhoe loader?

(a) 2:1
(d) 81
(b) 3:4
(c) 1:2
23. Which of the following is the least possible (d) 4:3
fraction that will get divided by each one of 5/18,
27. If A = {x:1<x<6, x∈N} and B = {y:2<y<9,
8/9, and 10/27?
y∈N}, then what will be the value of (A∩B)?
(a) 25/9
(a) { }
(b) 40/9 (b) {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
(c) 25/3 (c) {3, 4, 5}
(d) 81/4 (d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

.
28. In UPSC CSE prelims examination, 60% 30. Which one of the following statements best
students failed in GS and 50% students failed in reflects the crux of the passage?
CSAT. If 20% of the students failed in both, then (a) The problems created by weak regulations
now have global implications.
find the percentage of those who passed in GS?
(b) Countries under authoritarian rules are
(a) 80%
favoured by investors globally.
(b) 40%
(c) G7 nations are restricting the flow of capital
(c) 20% and pushing for better global standards in
(d) 60% labour, environment and taxation.
(d) Globalisation has led to the weakening of
29. Two inlet pipes X and Y are used to fill a tank. labour standards and reduction in wages in
If Y fills one-fourth of tank and the remaining developing countries.
part is filled by X, then total time taken to fill the Passage – 2
Asian cosmopolitanism had developed in regions which
tank is 35 minutes. If X fills one-fourth of tank
have to accommodate not just diversities but “radical
and the remaining part is filled by Y, then total
diversities” that may prove to be dangerous if they are
time taken to fill the tank is 25 minutes. Find the brought together in the same space. To accommodate
time (in minutes) taken by X and Y together to these differences and peculiarities in the practices of
fill the tank. different communities, everyday mechanisms of coping
(a) 40 have evolved. This has resulted in a unique form of
(b) 40/3 cosmopolitanism where differences can be
(c) 80/3 accommodated without pressuring members of one
community to be like the other based on a notion of
(d) 20
universal brotherhood. On the contrary, members of one
community can go to extraordinary lengths to help
Directions for the following 4 (four) items: members of the other community maintain their
Read the following four passages and answer the items customary practices including their separate dining and
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items dietary habits.
should be based on the passages only. 31. Which one of the following statements best
Passage – 1 reflects the central idea of the passage?
The story of globalisation is a story of the capital’s (a) Asian cosmopolitanism teaches the people
to accept the radical differences among
enhanced capacity to flee from the shackles of too much
themselves while promoting the
democracy to places that are well-controlled under a
community's feelings at the same time.
strong regime, where all clearances are available at a (b) Asian cosmopolitanism is resulting in the
‘single window’. Investments moved to places where blending of diverse cultures into one
environmental regulations are lax, wages are low, labour common national identity.
standards are weak, and dissent is answered with an iron (c) Asian cosmopolitanism teaches the people
fist. This was working perfectly until its ripple effects to divest of all prejudices so that they can
reached the shores of western democracies. Now the emerge as unbiased citizens of the nation-
state.
West is waking up to the challenge and the G7 move is
(d) Asian cosmopolitanism leads to a
an acknowledgement of the crisis.
superficial form of tolerance of diversity.

.
Passage – 3 Passage – 4
The stress caused by the pandemic has been sustained
A history of clothing can do several things: it will
over a long time and can be categorized as chronic stress.
introduce students to thinking more about what ‘dress Chronic stress has been found to kill brain cells and even
reduce the size of the brain. Chronic stress has a
codes’, and opposition to them, have done in the past,
shrinking effect on the prefrontal cortex, the area of the
and what they signify. For one, dress codes symbolized brain responsible for memory and learning. Studies in
and affirmed power structures – whether these were behavioural science show that we don’t tend to make
good decisions under stress. They have repeatedly
colonial, upper caste, religious or patriarchal power shown that we often don’t make good decisions even in
structures. By using their power and even violence, normal times. For example, we know exercising is good
for our health, but we don’t do it enough. We know
states, religious authorities, upper castes, or even male
overeating is bad for us, but we still indulge in it often.
heads of families could insist that people conform to We know binging on social media takes away time from
doing what we are supposed to be doing but we can’t
prescribed ways of dressing. Societal hierarchies were
stop scrolling.
thus sustained and perpetuated. 33. Which one of the following statements best
reflects the crux of the passage?
32. Which of the following is/are the most rational
(a) People have stopped outdoor activities
and logical Inference/Inferences that can be fearing the pandemic.
(b) Memory and learning suffer due to the
made from the passage?
chronic stress.
1. Knowledge about the history of clothing (c) The virus has affected the prefrontal cortex
makes a student understand society in a leading to the reduction in the size of the
brain.
meaningful manner. (d) The pandemic has made it more difficult for
2. Knowledge about the history of clothing people to think rationally and take correct
decisions.
will help in building greater civility and
respect for differences. 34. Find the HCF of 0.24, 0.06 and 0.018.
(a) 0.6
3. By controlling clothing in society, the state
(b) 0.0006
controlled the power structures in society. (c) 0.006
(d) 0.06
Select the correct answer from the code given
below: 35. When 60 is added to a certain number, then new

(a) 1 and 3 only number becomes 400% of the original number.
What is the original number?
(b) 2 only (a) 20
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 30
(c) 40
(d) None of the above (d) 15

.
36. In the following Venn diagram, determine the 38. What will be the average of a, a + 2, a + 4, a + 6,
value of (A∩C) - (A∩B). ………, a + 12, where a ɛ N?
(a) a + 6
(b) 2a + 12
(c) a + 12
(d) a + 24
39. The given diagram shows the number of people

(a) {e, b}
who have received vaccine doses I, II and III.
(b) {e, f, d}
The number of people who have received at least
(c) {f}
(d) {∅} one dose is 214. What is the percentage of
people who have received at least two doses of

37. The following pie-chart shows the expenditure vaccine?
of a person on different items. Study the
following pie chart carefully and answer the
question that follows.
Expenditure of a person
Savings
720 Food (a) 12.33%
1080
(b) 27.57%
EMIs (c) 18.55%
540
Transport (d) 30.40%
360
Education Rent
360 540
40. If the sum of two numbers is 40 and their product
is 175, then what will be their difference?
What is the percentage of expenditure on Rent? (a) 30

(a) 30% (b) 40
(b) 15%
(c) 20
(c) 20%
(d) 60
(d) 25%

.
Directions for the following 3 (three) items: Passage – 2
What do you do if you and your family have invested
Read the following two passages and answer the items
money and emotion in making you a doctor and you do
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items not get enough marks to qualify for a government
medical college? Many such students used to settle for a
should be based on the passages only.
Bachelor in Dental Surgery degree. This led to a
Passage – 1 mushrooming of dental colleges of dubious quality and
India produced far more dental surgeons than were in
Women in uniform provide an extremely powerful demand. Subsequently, several of these colleges shut
symbol of positive authority, confidence, empowerment down. The only option then is to do MBBS in a country
that one can afford. A situation of high demand coupled
and social change. Let us stop applauding “all-woman with a student-unfriendly system is designed for the
police stations”, a meaningless symbolic gesture that is entry of middlemen. As soon as you register with a
coaching agency or the NEET results are out, you are
regressive, both conceptually and in practice. Instead, let bombarded with offers from agencies ensuring seats in
Nepal, Mauritius, Ukraine, Russia, China and so on.
us induct more women so that each police station in the
Parents are lured into spending their hard-earned savings
country has them in adequate numbers to attend to all by middlemen who paint a rosy picture of the scenario in
these countries. Even after this, these students often fail
citizens, including women victims and complainants.
to clear the foreign medical graduate examination — this
And that woman’s issues are addressed at the nearest has a pass rate of 15 per cent. Caught between parental
pressure and an unfriendly system, the students have
police posts instead of their being sent to specific ones.
nowhere to go.
41. With reference to the above passage, the 42. Increased offers for MBBS seats in foreign
universities are due to which of the following?
following assumptions have been made:
1. Lack of MBBS seats in government medical
1. Presently police stations in the country do colleges the country as compared to the
demand
not have enough women cops. 2. Lack of private and government medical
2. If we stop applauding all-woman police colleges in India
3. Mushrooming of middlemen
stations, then we will be perceived as 4. Increased aspirations of Indian parents for
their children
progressive.
5. Shutting down of dental colleges in the
Which of the above assumptions are valid? country
Select the correct answer using the code given
(a) 1 and 2
below
(b) 1 only (a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
(c) None
(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 2 only (d) 2, 4 and 5 only

.
43. Why do foreign medical university graduates 46. Ananya has some colour pencils in two boxes. If
have a pass rate of a mere 15 per cent in the sum of the pencils in the two boxes is 112 and
foreign medical graduate examination? their HCF is 16, then what must be the difference
between the number of pencils in the two boxes?
(a) Poor quality of education in foreign
(a) 42
universities (b) 38
(b) Standards of education are different in a (c) 24
foreign and an Indian university (d) 16
(c) Parental pressure and an unfriendly system
(d) None of the above 47. What will be the remainder we get when 468 is
divided by 192?
(a) 16
44. In a country 80% of the citizens think football is (b) 49
their national game, 85 % of the citizens think (c) 64
cricket is their national game, and 70 % of the (d) 21
citizens think both cricket and football are their
48. If the denominator of a fraction is increased by
national games. If 3,00,000 citizens think neither
350% and numerator of that fraction is increased
cricket nor football is their national game, then
by 400%, then the resultant fraction is 11/45.
find the population of that country. What is the original fraction?
(a) 40,00,000 (a) 12/65
(b) 50,00,000 (b) 10/27
(c) 60,00,000 (c) 11/50
(d) 23/90
(d) 30,00,000
49. The graph given below shows the different parts

45. Dhaniram and Maniram can plough a field in 10 of the total expenditure made while constructing
days; Maniram and Sukhiram can plough the a meeting hall. Study the following graph and
same field in 15 days; and Sukhiram and answer the question that follows.
Dhaniram can plough the same field in 20 days.
They, together, plough for 6 days, after which
Dhaniram got sick and left the work. Remaining
two continued to plough the field. After 4 days
Maniram left the work citing personal reasons.
How long will Sukhiram take to plough the What fraction of the expenditure and how much
remaining field? money was spent on labour, if total expense was
(a) 14 days Rs.142400?
(b) 10 days (a) 4/9th part, Rs. 42960
(b) 2/5th part, Rs. 56960
(c) 20 days
(c) 3/5th part, Rs. 85440
(d) 12 days
(d) 2/3rd part, Rs. 94933

.
50. Pranjal and Anjal together can make a car in 10 51. Which one of the following statements best
reflects the central idea of the passage given
days. Anjal and Karan together take 15 days to
above?
make the same car. If efficiency of Pranjal is (a) Empowerment of women leads to the socio-
economic development of society and
twice that of Karan, then in how many days will
nation.
Anjal alone make that car? (b) By empowering women, we can reap the
benefit of higher GDP.
(a) 30 days
(c) Women empowerment is a necessary
(b) 20 days precursor to the socio-economic
advancement of a nation.
(c) 25 days
(d) Empowerment of women helps in their
(d) 40 days development in the social and economic
spheres.
Directions for the following 3 (three) items: 52. According to the author, how can we reap the
benefits of economic prosperity?
Read the following two passages and answer the items
1. By improving the quality of human resource
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items 2. By increasing education penetration among
both boys and girls
Select the correct answer using the code given
Passage – 1 below.
(a) 1 only
It has been proven time and again that when more
(b) 2 only
women enter the workforce, economies grow faster. (c) 1 and 2
(d) None
When women are empowered, the battle to eradicate
Passage – 2
poverty is more fruitful. Studies conducted in various The United States Senate unanimously passed a law
making daylight saving time (DST) permanent,
nations have proven that there is a direct correlation
scrapping the biannual practice of putting clocks forward
between greater gender diversity and higher GDPs. We and back coinciding with the arrival and departure of
winter. If the legislation, Sunshine Protection Act, passes
must ensure that all of India’s women get equal access to
in the House of Representatives as well, and is signed
education, equal access to opportunities, and equal pay into law by President Joe Biden, it will come into effect
in November 2023. The practice of turning clocks back
at work. By empowering women, we increase their right
by an hour to standard time every November will stop —
to economic resources, as well as their decision-making and DST, which now starts in March, will be in effect all
powers. This, in turn, benefits their households and their year round. The key argument is that DST is meant to
save energy. It involves resetting clocks ahead by an
communities. Women begin investing more in their hour in spring, and behind by an hour in autumn, and
children’s education, the quality of human capital those in favour of DST argue that it means a longer
evening daytime. Individuals will complete their daily
improves, and we as a nation reap the benefits of work routines an hour earlier, and that extra hour of
economic prosperity. daylight means — or is supposed to mean — a lower
consumption of energy.

.
53. Which of the following is the objective of 57. The following graph shows the percentage
“Sunlight Protection Act”? expenses of a sportsman on different items and

his total monthly expense. Study the following
(a) Energy Conservation
pie chart carefully and answer the question that
(b) Harnessing Solar Energy follows.
(c) Promoting work from home culture Total monthly expense = Rs. 16000
(d) None of the above
Gym Diet
members expense
hip 24%
54. What will be the product of LCM and HCF of 32%
Coach fee
4/5, 8/15, 2/25? 19%
Gears
(a) 1 16% Transport
cost
(b) 8/75 9%
(c) 16/375 What is the ratio of the expenses done on diet

and gym membership?
(d) 4/25
(a) 4:1
(b) 3:4
55. Subhi got 20 more marks in Science than the (c) 1:3
(d) 2:3
average marks in Geography and English. If in
English, she got 60 marks, then what were her

58. In an exam, average marks of A, B and C are
marks in Geography? 650. If marks of B are 50 more than A, and
(a) 30 marks of C are 20 less than A, then what are the

marks of C?
(b) 40
(a) 615
(c) 60 (b) 1920
(d) Data not sufficient (c) 580
(d) 620
56. If 5x + (1/x) = 4, then find the value of f(x) = 59. In a group of 80 people, 25 drink wine but not
125x3 + 1/x3 soda, while 33 drink wine. How many people
drink soda only?
(a) 4
(a) 22
(b) -4
(b) 47
(c) 0 (c) 43
(d) Both (a) and (b) (d) 29

.
60. 9 people distributed some wheat in a flood Directions for the following 5 (five) items:
affected region. Their average contribution was
Read the following three passages and answer the items
450 kg. One other person, M, contributed 450 kg
more than the average of all these 10 persons that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
(i.e. 9 persons plus M). Find the total should be based on the passages only.
contribution of 10 people.
(a) 5000 kg Passage – 1
(b) 4500 kg Translating the Constitution of India in Santhali had been
(c) 4050 kg
(d) 9000 kg on Professor Sripati Tudu’s mind for a few years before
he actually got down to starting the mammoth task: that
61. Three numbers are in ratio of 41:47:53. If their
of translating the longest written constitution of any
HCF is 4, then these numbers must be:
(a) 172, 198, 224 country in the world—235 pages—in the OlChiki script.
(b) 160, 180, 200
An assistant professor in the Santhali language at the
(c) 152, 178, 204
(d) 164, 188, 212 Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University in Purulia, West Bengal,
Tudu started this initiative because he wanted the
62. The following graph shows the percentage
distribution of different age groups of the document to be more accessible and available for a wider
employees working in a company. Study the pie group that may not necessarily be familiar with
chart carefully and answer the question that
follows. languages in which a translation of the Constitution is
available. The nation runs on the basis of the
Percentage distribution of different
age groups of the employees in a Constitution. But the community has been historically
company deprived and so people in the community need to read it
to understand what their rights are, the provisions and
40-50 what is written inside it.
24% 30-40
30% 63. Which of the following best reflects the critical
message of the passage?
(a) The ambitious project of the academician
18-30
14% will soon be realised.
60+age
12% (b) The net benefit of translating the
50-60
20% Constitution is debatable.
(c) For better understanding of rights and
If the number of people in 60+ age group is 48, then
the number of people in age group 18-30 must be: duties, the Constitution requires to be
(a) 56
translated in multiple languages.
(b) 42
(c) 68 (d) Indian Constitution is available in multiple
(d) 72 languages.

.
Passage – 2 65. On the basis of the above passage, consider the
Permafrost peatlands — frozen, carbon-storing expanses following statements about peatlands.
of land — in Europe and western Siberia might be 1. They are a type of water body.
approaching their tipping point faster than expected, a 2. Ice protects peatland from degradation.
new study warned. By 2040, northern Europe might Which of the statements given above are
become too wet and warm to support permafrost correct?
peatlands, the study published in Nature Climate Change (a) 1 only
added. Peatlands are a class of wetlands, which are (b) 2 only
ecosystems flooded with water. Waterlogged conditions (c) 1 and 2
limit microbial decay of dead plant materials rich in (d) None
carbon dioxide. This prevents the reintroduction of the Passage - 3
gas into the atmosphere. Peatlands, which occupy only 3 New data and analysis in the report, New Threats to
per cent of the global land surface, store twice as much Human Security in the Anthropocene, shows that
carbon as all the world’s forests, according to the United people’s sense of safety and security is at a low in almost
Nations Environment Programme. Some peatlands are every country, including the richest countries, despite
buried under frozen ground or permafrost and exist as
years of upwards development success. Those benefiting
permafrost peatlands. They are found in the northern
from some of the highest levels of good health, wealth,
parts of Alaska, Canada, Russia and parts of northern
and education outcomes are reporting even greater
Europe, the researchers said. Data on parts of Canada
anxiety than 10 years ago. To tackle this disconnect
and Siberia is still lacking, study lead author, Richard
between development and perceived security, the report
Fewster, told Down To Earth. Frozen wetlands in Europe
calls for greater solidarity across borders and a new
and western Siberia store up to 39 billion tonnes of
approach to development; one that allows people to live
carbon. This is equivalent to twice that is held by the
free from want, fear, anxiety and indignity. The
whole of European forests. “Huge stocks of peat carbon
imperative to act now has never been more clear, as new
have been protected for millennia by frozen conditions,
findings also show that global life expectancy at birth is
but once those conditions become unsuitable, all that
falling for a second year because of COVID-19, and
stored carbon can be lost very quickly,” study co-author
overall human development measures are also moving
Paul Morris, associate professor of biogeoscience at
downward. Furthermore, climate change is likely to
Leeds, said.
become a leading cause of death around the world. Even
64. Which of the following best reflects the critical
with moderate mitigation of emissions, some 40 million
message of the passage?
people might die because of changes in temperatures
(a) Global warming will harm the carbon
before the end of the century. The report examines a
storing capacity of peatlands.
cluster of threats that have shifted to become more
(b) Carbon storing capacity of peatland is
extremely high. prominent in recent years including those from digital
(c) Peatlands prevents microbial decay of technologies, inequalities, conflicts, and the ability of
plants. healthcare systems to tackle new challenges like the

(d) Peatlands are found all over the world. COVID-19 pandemic.

.
66. With reference to the above passage which of the 70. In a fleet of 20 commandos, 8 have guns, 10
statements given below is/are correct? have knifes and 5 have neither a gun nor a knife.
1. An inverse relation exists between
How many of these commandos have both a
development and perceived sense of
security. knife and a gun?
2. Life expectancy at birth is falling due to (a) 5
pandemic in some countries only. (b) 10
Select the correct answer using the codes given
(c) 8
below.
(a) 1 only (d) 3
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 71. Abhishek and Vipul work in an interior design
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
company. Abhishek and Vipul alone can finish
the same work in 20 days and 40 days
67. Which of the following is/are the most logical/
rational inferences that can be drawn from the respectively. If both are working together, then
passage? on which day will the work get completed?
1. The sense of security is low in almost every
(a) 13th day
country.
(b) 26th day
2. Climate change will cause most number of
deaths globally by the end of the century. (c) 14th day
Select the correct answer using the codes given (d) 27th day
below.
(a) 1 only
72. 5 times the cube of a number is 15 times the
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 square of that number. The number is:
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) 5
(b) 3
68. Difference between two numbers is 6, and the
(c) 4
sum of their square is 1476. If their LCM is 120,
then what will be their HCF? (d) 7
(a) 12
(b) 4 73. A number when divided by a divisor leaves a
(c) 6
remainder of 24. When twice the original
(d) 8
number is divided by the same divisor, the
69. When 22 is added to Qasim’s age, it becomes remainder is 11. What is the value of the divisor?
125% of his real age. What is Qasim’s age? (a) 13
(a) 105 years
(b) 59
(b) 72 years
(c) 88 years (c) 35
(d) 75 years (d) 37

.
74. The sum of two numbers is 100 and their Directions for the following 3 (three) items:
difference is 37. The difference of their squares Read the following two passages and answer the items
must be
that follow each passage. Your answers to these items
(a) 37
(b) 370
(c) 463 Passage – 1
(d) 3700 Interdependence theory developed as a critique of realist
theory in the 1970s. It challenged the realist idea that the
75. Which of the following numbers is the greatest?
state was the most important entity in international
3
(a) 6 √5
3
relations. Interdependence theorists stressed the
(b) 8 √2
3 importance of non-state actors, such as multinational
(c) 2 √130
3 corporations and their influential role in a more complex
(d) √900
global society in which military power had become far
76. Let D be a recurring decimal of the form D = 0. less important or virtually irrelevant to shaping relations
a b a b a b ... where digits a and b lie between 0 between countries. Liberal institutionalist and
and 9. Further, at most one of them is zero.
interdependence approaches overlap to a considerable
Which of the following numbers necessarily
extent. Both have a much more optimistic view of human
produces an integer, when multiplied by D?
(a) 18 nature and share the view that growing interdependence
(b) 108 will strengthen the institutions of regional cooperation
(c) 198
and open up greater opportunities for strengthening the
(d) 288
United Nations and developing mechanisms of world
77. In some code, letters a, b, c, d and e represent governance. It is certainly possible for the liberal
numbers 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10. We just do not know institutionalists to point to the fact that the overwhelming
which letter represents which number. majority of transactions between states are peaceful, in
Consider the following relationships:
accordance with international law, and to the mutual
I. a + c = e
benefit of the states involved. The creation and
II. b − d = d
III. e + a = b development of the European Union can be seen from
Which of the following statements is true? the liberal perspective as a powerful riposte to those who
(a) b = 4, d = 2 believe international politics is based on nothing more
(b) a = 4, e = 6
than a constant pursuit of power after power and that it
(c) b = 6, e = 2
always must be a zero-sum game.
(d) a = 4, c = 6

.
78. With respect to above passage consider the 79. Which of the following best implies the crux of
following statements.
1. There is a complete overlap of Liberal the passage?
Institutionalist and Interdependence
approaches. (a) Ghalib foresaw the rise of British in India.
2. Interdependence theorist are critical of
(b) Weak central authority gave the British the
multinational corporations.
3. Regional cooperation will strengthen world scope of expansion.
governance mechanisms.
Which of the statements given above is/are (c) Widespread looting was witnessed in Delhi
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only during the mutiny of 1857.
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) Indian nationalists are not clear in their
(d) 3 only
Passage – 2 vision.
Ghalib’s poem was composed against the backdrop of
the decline of the Mughal Empire. His home territory,
the Indo-Gangetic plain, once ruled by a single monarch, 80. With reference to the above passage, consider
was now split between contending chiefdoms and
armies. Brother was fighting brother; unity and the following statements.
federation were being undermined. But even as he wrote,
a new (and foreign) power was asserting its influence 1. Ghalib was born in Delhi.
across the land in the form of the British, who were
steadily acquiring control of the greater part of the 2. Event of 1857 was differently interpreted by
subcontinent. Then, in 1857 large sections of the native
population rose up in what the colonialists called the different sections of people.
Sepoy Mutiny and Indian nationalists later referred to as
3. Delhi remained the capital even after the
the First War of Indian Independence. Some of the
bloodiest fighting was in Ghalib’s home town, Delhi – mutiny.
still nominally the capital of the Mughals and in time to
become the capital of the British Raj as well. His own Which of the statements given above is/are
sympathies were divided. He was the recipient of a
stipend from the new rulers, yet a product of Mughal correct?
culture and refinement. He saw, more clearly than the
British colonialist did then or the Indian nationalist does (a) 2 and 3 only
now, that it was impossible here to separate right from
wrong, that horrible atrocities were being committed by (b) 3 only
both sides. Marooned in his home, he wrote a
(c) 1 only
melancholy account of how ‘Hindustan has become the
arena of the mighty whirlwind and the blazing fire’. ‘To (d) 1 and 2 only
what new order can the Indian look with joy?’ he asked.
Copyright © by Vision IAS

All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior
permission of Vision IAS.

.
VISIONIAS
www.visionias.in
ANSWERS & EXPLANATION

APTITUDE TEST– (4019) – 2023
1 (b)
mn = 625= (5)4
Hence, m = 5, and n = 4
We have to find the value of (m + 1)(n/2) + 1
Putting the value of m and n in the above equation, we get:
(m + 1)(n/2) + 1 = (5 + 1)(4/2) + 1 = (6)2+1 = (6)3 = 216
Hence, option (b) is correct.
2 (b)
Let Ram and Sunita have Rs. 105x and Rs. 105y amounts respectively.
∴ 105x × 105y = 308700
Or 105x × 105y = (105 × 7) × (105 × 4)
We know that, Sunita has less money than Ram. So, x > y.
∴ x = 7 and y = 4
Hence, Ram has 105x = 105 × 7 = Rs. 735.
3 (c)
Sports persons who can play only hockey = 40
Also, n(H∩B∩C) = 10 % of 160 = 10 × 160 / 100 = 16
And, n(H ∩ B) + n (H ∩ C) + n (C ∩ B) – 3 n(H∩B∩C) = 30
Now, those who can play cricket only or basketball only = 160 – (40 + 30 + 16)
= 160 – 86 = 74
Hence, option (c) is correct.
4 (c)
Shubhi’s one day work = 1/60
Krishna’s one day work = 1/30
Anurag’s one day work = 1/20
Then according to the question, total work done in four days = 4 × [1/20] + 1/30 + 1/60
= (12 + 2 + 1)/60 = 15/60 = 1/4
∴ 1/4 part of work is done in 4 days.
∴ 1 part of work will be done in 4 × 4 = 16 days
Thus, whole work will be finished in 16 days.
5 (c)
Difference of central angles between dress fee and building fee = 580 – 200 = 380
According to the question,
380 = 1200
Or 10 = 1200/38
Central angle of tuition fee = 760
So, Expense on tuition fee = (1200/38) × 76 = Rs. 2400

.
6 (b)
20% means 1/5th part.
120 litre means 1/5th part full.
So, in 1 litre tank is 1/(5×120)th part full.
So, in 280 litre tank must be 280/(5×120)th, i.e. 7/15 part full.
7 (d)
Let’s consider the given statements.
S1. As we know that natural number are 1, 2, 3, 4………………..
And whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3………………..
Then sum of first natural number and first whole number = 1 + 0 = 1
Hence, statement 1 is wrong.
S2. As √3 is an irrational number, any number added to an irrational number will remain irrational.
Hence, statement 2 is also wrong.
S3. As we know that first whole number is zero and first natural number is 1.
So, product of (√3+1) with the sum of first natural number and first whole number
= (√3 + 1) × (0 + 1) = √3 + 1
Hence, statement 3 is also wrong.
So, all the three statements are wrong.
Hence, option (d) is correct.
8 (b)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Such is the power our minds have”. However, this is a
bit more general and different from “willpower”. So this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is correct. The passage mentions, “You are what you eat, and similarly, you are what you
think, and you are totally what you want to believe.” The word ‘totally’ is noteworthy here. What we
think and believe defines who we are. So this option best explains who you are. So this is the correct
option.
Option (c) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “what choices we make, how we conduct ourselves, what
mood we choose to be in and be consumed by, and how we allow others to see us, accept us, define us,
and celebrate or shun us.” So it implies we are what nature and behaviour we choose. But this statement
is also a subset of the option (b) and is not holistic enough in comparison to option (b) which is more
appropriate.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “who we are, what we do, how we behave, what choices
we make, how we conduct ourselves, what mood we choose to be in and be consumed by, and how we
allow others to see us, accept us, define us, and celebrate or shun us.” This implies that you are the one
who decides your way of living, and the way you conduct. However, this again is a part of option (b). So
this option does not best explain who a person is in comparison to option (b). So, this is an incorrect
option.
9 (c)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “The foreign policy being the link to the outside, it should
enable us to draw what we seek. This could be in terms of technology or capital, best practices, or even
work opportunities”. So, the passage is talking about an interdependent world, and not about
independence, about linking and not decoupling. So this option is incorrect.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “This could be in terms of technology or capital, best
practices, or even work opportunities.” It implies a good foreign policy must also provide us with better
work opportunities. But this statement does not comprehensively capture the domain of a good foreign
policy, as work opportunities is just one small part of the overall needs of the citizens of a country. So this
statement is restricted in domain. Let’s keep it on hold and consider the next option.
Option (c) is correct. The passage mentions, “A good foreign policy must work for you all. Your
everyday needs from the world must be better met.” It implies a good foreign policy must fulfill our
everyday or usual needs from the world. It also includes other things which are mentioned in the passage
– e.g. enable us to draw what we seek. So this option best describes a good foreign policy. Therefore, this
is the correct option.

.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “The foreign policy being the link to the outside, it should
work opportunities.” It implies that a good foreign policy must not only connect us to the world in a better
way, but should also meet our demands. So, connecting to the outside world is necessary, but not
sufficient. Therefore, this option does not describe a good foreign policy in the best manner as compared
to option (c).
10 (d)
Statement 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “A good foreign policy must work for you all. Your
everyday needs from the world must be better met”. Poverty reduction does comprise a part of everyday
needs and hence can also be a part of good foreign policy. So this statement is correct.
Statement 2 is correct. The passage mentions, “The foreign policy being the link to the outside, it should
work opportunities.” It implies more work opportunities are a part of good foreign policy and H-1B visas
provide people with such work opportunities. So this is a correct statement.
everyday needs from the world must be better met.” It implies fulfilling our everyday needs is part of
good foreign policy and crude is an everyday necessity. So this statement is correct.
work opportunities.” It implies adopting best practices in any field of the world is part of a good foreign
policy. So the innovative (like use of technology) practices in school education are also a part of it. So this
is a correct statement.
work opportunities.” The drawing of investment (for development works) from the world community is
part of a good foreign policy. Foreign indirect investment (capital) is part of the investment we draw from
the world. So this is a correct statement.
everyday needs from the world must be better met. And since we are a collective as a country, our
national security must be assured.” A missile deal with Russia is part of our national security and
fulfilling it is part of a good foreign policy. So this statement is also correct.
11 (c)
Let the digit at unit place be y and the digit at tens place be x.
The two-digit number thus formed will be (10x + y) and after reversing the digits, the number will be (10y
+ x).
Now, according to the question,
(10x + y) + (10y + x) = 187
or 11x + 11y = 187
or x + y = 17 …….(i)
It is given that the digits of this two-digit number differ by 1.
i.e. x - y = 1 …..(ii) (let x > y)
On adding equations (i) and (ii) we get,
2x = 18
or x = 9
Putting this value of x in equation (ii), we get
9–y=1
or y = 9 – 1 = 8
Hence, original number = 10x + y = 9 × 10 + 8 = 98
The number obtained by reversing the digits = 10y + x = 8 × 10 + 9 = 89
Difference between the original number and the number obtained by reversing the digits = 98 - 89 = 9
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

.
12 (b)
P + Q + R + S = 900 ……………………..(i)
(P + Q) = (R + S) × (4/5) ………………(ii)
R:S = 3:2 ………………………….(iii)
P = R/2 ……………….(iv)
Q = S × (5/4) …………………..(v)
From equations (i) &(ii), we get:
(R + S) × (4/5) + (R + S) = 900
Or (R + S) × 9/5 = 900
Or R + S = 500 …………………..(vi)
From equation (iii), we get:
S = 2R/3
Putting the value of S in equation (vi), we get:
R + 2R/3 = 500
Or 5R/3 = 500
So, R = 300
And, S = (2/3) × 300 = 200 (Since, S = 2R/3)
From eq. (iv), we get:
P = R/2 = 300/2 = 150
From eq. (v), we gte:
Q = S × (5/4) = 200 × (5/4) = 250
So, the difference between Q and P = 250 – 150 = 100
13 (b)
Number of subsets of P that contain at least 4 elements = 7C4 +7C5 + 7C6+ 7C7 = 35 + 21 + 7 + 1 = 64
14 (c)
Let B alone can finish the same work in x days.
So, A’s one day work = 1/18
B’s one day work = 1/x
C’s one day work = 1/12
A, B and C together can finish the work in 4 days.
So, A, B and C’s one day work = 1/4
⇒ [(1/18) + (1/x) + (1/12)] = 1/4
⇒ [{(2 + 3)/36} + (1/x)] = 1/4
⇒ 1/x = (1/4) – (5/36)
⇒ 1/x = 4/36 = 1/9
⇒ x = 9 days
Thus, B alone can finish the work in 9 days.
15 (c)
Capacity of the tank = L.C.M. of 16 and 20 = 80 units
Capacity of half-filled tank = 80/2 = 40 units
Efficiency of first pump = 80/16 = 5
Efficiency of second pump = 80/20 = 4
Time taken to fill the half-filled tank = 40/(5 + 4) = 40/9 min
16 (a)
Number of people using car and bicycle = (23 + 11)% = 34%
Hence, option (a) is correct.

.
17 (d)
Number of literate females in 2001 = 20000 × 11/100 = 2200
And, number of literate females in 2011 = 24000 × 31/100 = 240 × 31 = 7440
Hence, required difference = 7440 – 2200 = 5240
18 (b)
Statement 1 is incorrect as the passage does not talk about the carbon emission from other countries.
Thus, it is an incorrect assumption as it is beyond the scope of the passage.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions the impact of heat waves and sea level rise due to global
warming, but does not touch upon precipitation. So, we cannot assume whether the precipitation in India
will increase or decrease. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.
Statement 3 is correct as the passage mention,” By 2030, India would also ensure 50% of its energy will
be from renewable energy sources. However, none of this can help the 1.5°C mark from being breached.”
Despite India taking the right measures, the global temperature would still rise. It also calls for the
adoption of adaptation measures in lines “Experience has shown that partisan economic calculations
trump climate considerations, but India must shore up its adaptation measures and urgently move to
secure the futures of its many vulnerable who have the most to lose.” All these points are effectively
captured in this answer option.
19 (b)
Statement 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “A major point of emphasis of the report, particularly for
South Asia, is the trend in the ‘wet bulb’ ……. This will have consequences such as a rise in heatwave-
linked deaths or reduced productivity.” Also, it is common sense to note that natural disasters lead to loss
of lives and an increase in coastal flooding may also contribute to this. So, the statement is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions,” India is one of the most vulnerable countries in terms
of the population that will be affected by sea-level rise. By the middle of the century, around 35 million of
its people could face annual coastal flooding…” So, there will be an increase (not decline) in coastal
flooding.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The passage does not mention the impact of climate change on agricultural
production. So, this statement goes beyond the scope of the passage.
Statement 4 is correct. The passage mentions, "This will have consequences such as a rise in heatwave
linked deaths or reduced productivity." Thus, there is a serious risk of a decline in labour productivity due
to an increase in temperatures, making it unsuitable for people to work optimally.
20 (c)
Option (a) is incorrect. Author disapproves the attitude of competition and envy. Author says, it is
unfortunate that this attitude is widespread all over the world. But author does not indicate that this
attitude is the root cause of all problems in the world.
Option (b) is incorrect. The author says, this attitude (competitive), is present throughout the world.
Again, this does not indicate that this is an innate (from the time of birth) nature of human beings. Rather,
the author is trying to suggest the opposite. Author says, this attitude is ‘built’ in the childhood and it
continues to grow thereafter.
Option (c) is the correct inference. Author says, “…key to our self-worth is measured in relation to other
people”. The passage, in general, and this statement, in particular, has a slightly negative stand on
competition. Hence, it is correct to infer that competitive attitude may not always be ethical.
Option (d) is also incorrect. Author mentions several instances to highlight the ‘other’ side of competition.
However, she stops short of touching upon whether system of competition should be abolished.
21 (d)
If the number of rows and columns is equal, then the total number of laddoos should be a perfect square.
As 1760 is not a perfect square, then we have to find a perfect square nearest to 1760, which is 1764. 1764
is square of 42. So, he needs to add 4 more laddoos to get to 1764.
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.

.
22 (b)
Let x, y and z be three co-prime numbers.
xy = 459 & yz = 621
Since, y is the common number in xy and yz. So, y will be the H.C.F of xy and yz.
H.C.F of 459, 621 = 27
Therefore, y = 27
Now, x = 459/y = 459/27 = 17
z = 621/y = 621/27 = 23
So, Sum of these three co-prime numbers = x + y + z = 17 + 27 + 23 = 67
23 (b)
We basically have to find the L.C.M of the given fractions: 5/18, 8/9, 10/27
L.C.M of fractions = L.C.M. of numerators/H.C.F. of denominators
= L.C.M of (5, 8, 10) / H.C.F of (18, 9, 27) = 40/9
24 (b)
Let Dance = A, and Drama = B
Both Dance and Drama = C

A + C = 93 --------(1)
B + C = 74 ---------(2)
On adding eqn. (1) and eqn. (2) , we get:
A + 2C + B = 167
But, A + B + C = 100
∴ (A + B + C) + C = 167
Or 100 + C = 167
Or C = 67
So, 67% of the students participated in both.
25 (a)
Let Rahul has x toffees.
Now, according to the question,
{x - (8/3)} × (21/2) = (7/2) x
or, (21/2) x - 28 = (7/2) x
or, (21/2) x - (7/2) x = 28
or, (14/2) x = 28
or, x = 28/7 = 4
So, Rahul has 4 toffees.

.
26 (c)
18 tractors can finish a work in 12 days.
So, 1 tractor can finish the same work in 18×12 days.
So, efficiency of a tractor = 1/(18×12)
12 backhoe loaders can finish the same work in 9 days.
So, 1 backhoe loader can finish the same work in 12×9 days.
So, efficiency of a backhoe loader = 1/(12×9)
Required ratio = 1/(18×12):1/(12×9) = (12×9):(18×12) = 1:2
27 (c)
A = {x:1<x<6, x∈N}
i.e. A = {2, 3, 4, 5}
Similarly, B = {y:2<y<9, y∈N}
i.e. B = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
So, (A∩B) = {3, 4, 5}
28 (b)
It’s given that, 60% students failed in GS. It means that 40% students must have passed in the GS paper.
29 (b)
Let the time taken by pipes X and Y to fill the tank individually be x minutes and y minutes respectively.
When one-fourth of the tank is filled by pipe Y and the remaining three-fourth is filled by pipe X, then
x (3/4) + y (1/4) = 35
or 3x + y = 35 × 4 = 140 …………(i)
When one-fourth of the tank is filled by pipe X and the remaining three-fourth of the tank is filled by pipe
Y, then
x (1/4) + y (3/4) = 25
or x + 3y = 25 × 4 = 100 ……………(ii)
Multiplying equation (ii) by 3, we get:
3x + 9y = 300 …………(iii)
Subtracting equation (i) from equation (iii), we get:
8y = 160
or y = 20
Putting value of y in equation of (i), we get:
3x + 20 = 140
or 3x = 120
or x = 40
Thus, y = 20 minutes, x = 40 minutes
Now, pipes X and Y together can fill the tank in [xy/(x+y)] = [(40 × 20)/(40 +20)] = 40/3 minutes
30 (a)
Option (a) is correct. The passage mentions that due to globalization, investments moved to places where
environmental regulations are lax, wages are low and labour standards are weak. But the issue of weak
regulations has now started to impact western countries too. That’s why the G7 nations have taken some
actions. So, this statement aptly captures the crux of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. This option is mentioned in the passage as the passage mentions the flow of
capital from democracy to countries under a strong regime, where all clearances are available at a ‘single
window’. This is one of the several phases in the evolution of globalization - it is one of the facts; it is not
the crux of the passage. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.
Option (c) is incorrect. There is no discussion on the steps taken by the G7 nations. The passage only
mentions that the G7 nations had taken some actions. Whether these actions involve restricting the flow of
capital or not is not evident. Hence, this is not the crux of the passage.

.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions that Investments moved to places where environmental
regulations are lax, wages are low, labour standards are weak, and dissent is answered with an iron fist.
According to the author, globalisation-led flow of investments benefitted from the already lax labour laws.
We cannot conclusively say the other way round – globalisation led to weakening of labour and wage
standards. Also, developing countries have not been mentioned specifically in the passage. Hence, this
answer option is incorrect.
31 (a)
Option (a) is correct. This is the correct option because it mentions the core idea of the passage. The
lines “Asian cosmopolitanism had developed in regions which have to accommodate not just diversities
but “radical diversities” that may prove to be dangerous if they are brought together in the same space.”
Also, the passage mentions that members of one community can go to extraordinary lengths to help
members of the other community. The passage is revolving around the theme of tolerance shown by Asian
cosmopolitanism. Therefore, it properly captures the essence of the given passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. This is an incorrect statement as the passage mentions that Asian
cosmopolitanism accommodates differences and peculiarities in the practices of different communities.
Also, we cannot infer from the passage that Asian cosmopolitanism is trying to create a common national
identity.
Option (c) is incorrect. This statement is incorrect as the passage mentions, “This has resulted in a
unique form of cosmopolitanism where differences can be accommodated without pressuring members of
one community to be like the other based on a notion of universal brotherhood.” So, Asian
cosmopolitanism does not focus on removing the prejudices but on accommodating the differences
sensibly. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.
Option (d) is incorrect. This statement is incorrect as the passage mentions, “…members of one
community can go to extraordinary lengths to help members of the other community maintain their
customary practices including their separate dining and dietary habits.” So, the tolerance of diversity is
not at all superficial but is a result of mutual understanding. Therefore, this answer option is incorrect.
32 (a)
Statement 1 is correct. The lines “A history of clothing can do several things: it will introduce students
to thinking more about what ‘dress codes’, and opposition to them, have done in the past, and what they
signify”, show that students need the knowledge of clothing history to understand the society in a better
manner. The dress codes symbolised and affirmed power structures. So, we can infer that clothing is a tool
to understand the power structure in a historical context. Therefore, this inference is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The passage does not mention that just by studying history, we can help to
build greater civility and respect for differences. Tolerance requires practice and not just mere knowledge.
Thus, this statement as inference is not correct.
Statement 3 is correct. The lines “…dress codes symbolised and affirmed power structures ……Societal
hierarchies were thus sustained and perpetuated” clearly reflects that the state controlled the power
structure by prescribing people to follow the dress codes. The sentence “By using their power and even
violence, states, religious authorities…” clearly makes a reference to states. Therefore, this inference is
correct.
33 (d)
Option (a) is incorrect. The given option is beyond the scope of the passage because the author nowhere
mentions that people have stopped outdoor activities fearing the pandemic. It mentions that even in
normal times, we know exercising is good for our health, but we don’t do it enough. So, the statement
does not correctly reflect the crux of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. This statement is correct, but is not the crux of the passage. As the passage is
more concerned about the nature of the decision taken by the people and the impact of the pandemic on it.
The impact of stress on memory and learning is a peripheral point made by the author to substantiate the
core argument – decision making.
Option (c) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Chronic stress has a shrinking effect on the prefrontal
cortex." It shows that it is chronic stress and not the virus itself that had caused a reduction in the size of
the brain. Therefore, this answer option does not qualify to be the crux of the passage.
.
Option (d) is correct. The passage mentions, " Studies in behavioural science show that we don’t tend to
make good decisions under stress. They have repeatedly shown that we often don’t make good decisions
even in normal times.” The given lines show that the people were not making rational decisions even
during the normal times, and they will make lesser rational decisions after the pandemic due to chronic
stress. Also, the examples in the passage substantiate this point. Thus, this is the correct crux of the
passage.
34 (c)
Expressing each of the numbers without the decimal, we get:
0.240 × 1000 = 240 = 3×2×2×2×2×5
0.060 × 1000 = 60 = 2×2×3×5
0.018 × 1000 = 18 = 2×3×3
So, HCF of 18, 60 and 240 is 6.
Hence, HCF of 0.018, 0.060 and 0.240 = 6/1000 = 0.006
35 (a)
Let the original number be x.
∴ (x + 60) = x × 400/100
 (x + 60) = 4x
 4x – x = 60
 3x = 60
 x = 20
Thus, original number is 20.
36 (c)
From the figure, it is clear that:
A = {a, b, e, f}
B = {b, c, d, e}
C = {d, e, f, g}
So, (A∩C) = {e, f}
And (A∩B) = {b, e}
So, (A∩C) - (A∩B) = {e, f} - {b, e} = {f}
37 (b)
We know that, 3600 = 100%
Or 10 = (100/360)%
Percentage expenditure on rent = (100/360) × 540 = 15%
38 (a)
We know that
Average of a, b, c ………., m consecutive even or old numbers = (a + m)/2
Given, a, a + 2, a + 4, a + 6, ………, a + 12
Required average = (a + a + 12)/2 = a + 6
39 (b)
The number of people that have received only dose II and III = 214 – (30 + 10 + 80 + 9 + 20 + 45) = 214 -
194 = 20
So, Total number of people who received at least two doses of vaccine = 10 + 20 + 20 + 9 = 59
Required percentage = (59/214) × 100 = 27.57%

.
40 (a)
Let two numbers be x and y.
Then, according to the question,
x + y = 40
xy = 175
Now, (x - y)2 = (x + y)2 - 4xy
 (x - y)2 = (40)2 - (4 × 175)
 (x - y)2 = 1600 - 700
 (x - y)2 = 900
So, x - y = 30
Thus, difference of the two numbers will be 30.
41 (b)
Assumption 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “Instead, let us induct more women so that each police
station in the country has them in adequate numbers to attend to all citizens, including women victims and
complainants.” It implies that, presently, police stations in the country do not have an adequate number of
women cops. So this assumption is correct.
Assumption 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Let us stop applauding “all-woman police stations”,
a meaningless symbolic gesture that is regressive, both conceptually and in practice.” The author has
used strong words to imply that we must stop applauding all-woman police stations because it does not
promote women empowerment on the ground. Also, it does not imply that if we stop applauding then it
will be seen as progressive. So this assumption is incorrect.
42 (c)
Statement 1 is correct. The passage mentions, “What do you do if you and your family have invested
money and emotion in making you a doctor and you do not get enough marks to qualify for a government
medical college? Many such students used to settle for a Bachelor in Dental Surgery degree.” It implies
that there is a dearth of MBSS seats in India which leads to students joining either dental college or
MBBS in a foreign university. So this statement is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The passage mentions government medical colleges but it nowhere mentions
private medical colleges. So aspirants may want to join a foreign university instead of joining local private
colleges. We do not know whether there is any lack of private medical colleges in India. So this statement
is incorrect.
Statement 3 is correct. The passage mentions, “A situation of high demand coupled with a student-
unfriendly system is designed for the entry of middlemen. As soon as you register with a coaching agency
or the NEET results are out, you are bombarded with offers from agencies ensuring seats in Nepal,
Mauritius, Ukraine, Russia, China and so on.” It implies high demand for an MBBS seat has led to the
entry of middlemen for admission into foreign universities. So this statement is correct.
Statement 4 is correct. The passage mentions, “What do you do if you and your family have invested
money and emotion in making you a doctor and you do not get enough marks to qualify for a government
medical college?” and “Parents are lured into spending their hard-earned savings by middlemen who
paint a rosy picture of the scenario in these countries.” It implies the aspirations of the parents for an
MBBS seat for their children have increased and they are willing to pay for a seat even in a foreign
medical university. So this is a correct statement.
Statement 5 is correct. The passage mentions, “Many such students used to settle for a Bachelor in
Dental Surgery degree. This led to a mushrooming of dental colleges of dubious quality and India
produced far more dental surgeons than were in demand. Subsequently, several of these colleges shut
down. The only option then is to do MBBS in a country that one can afford.” It implies that shutting down
dental colleges further reduced the scope for students for a degree in the medical field. That led them to
search for medical seats in a foreign university. So, this statement is correct.
43 (d)
Option (a) is incorrect. The passage nowhere talks about the quality of study at foreign universities. So
this option is completely beyond the scope of the passage.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage nowhere compares the standards of education between Indian and
foreign universities. So this is an incorrect option.
.
Option (c) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Even after this, these students often fail to clear the
foreign medical graduate examination — this has a pass rate of 15 per cent. Caught between parental
pressure and an unfriendly system, the students have nowhere to go.” This line only talks about the plight
of students after they fail to clear the exam. This nowhere means that it is the reason for less percentage of
students clearing the foreign medical graduate examination. So this option is incorrect.
Since, all options (a), (b) and (c) are incorrect, option (d) is the correct answer.
44 (c)
We can represent the information given in the question in the form of the following diagram:
Citizens who think neither cricket nor football is their national game = 100 – (70 + 10 + 15) = 5%
5% corresponds to 3,00,000.
Then, 100% will correspond to 300000 x 20, i.e. 60,00,000.
Hence, the population of the country is 60,00,000.
45 (b)
Dhaniram and Maniram can plough a field in 10 days; Maniram and Sukhiram can plough the same field
in 15 days; and Sukhiram and Dhaniram can plough the same field in 20 days.
Therefore, (Dhaniram + Maniram)’s one-day work = 1/10
(Maniram + Sukhiram)’s one-day work = 1/15
(Sukhiram + Dhaniram)’s one-day work = 1/20
Or, 2(Dhaniram +Maniram + Sukhiram)’s one-day work = (1/10) + (1/15) + (1/20) = (13/60)
Or (Dhaniram +Maniram + Sukhiram)’s one-day work = (13/ 120)
So, (Dhaniram +Maniram + Sukhiram)’s 6-day work = 6 × (13/ 120) = 13/20
Now, work done by (Maniram + Sukhiram) in 4 days = 4 × (1/15) = 4/15
Remaining work = 1- {(13/20) + (4/15)} = 1 - (11/12) = 1/12
This, remaining work is to be done by Sukhiram.
Sukhiram’s one-day work = (Dhaniram + Maniram + Sukhiram)’s one-day work – (Dhaniram +
Maniram)’s one-day work = (13/120) - (1/10) = 1/120
So, time taken by Sukhiram to plough the remaining field = (1/12) / (1/120) = 10 days
46 (d)
Let the number of pencils in the two boxes be 16x and 16y.
Then according to the question,
16x + 16y = 112
Or 16 (x + y) = 112
Or x + y = 7 --------- (1)
(x, y) = (1, 6), (2, 5) or (3, 4)
If x = 1, y = 6
Then, difference between the number of pencils in the two boxes = |16 (x – y)| = |16 (1 – 6)| = 16 × 5 = 80
If x = 2, y = 5
If x = 3 and y = 4

.
47 (c)
468/192 = (22)68/(64×3)
= 2136/(26×3)
= (26×2130)/(26×3)
= (26/26) × (2130/3)
We will find the remainder of (2130/3) and in the end we will multiply that remainder by 26.
21/3, Remainder = 2
22/3, Remainder = 1
23/3, Remainder = 2 ……………so on
So, when odd power of 2 is divided by 3, we get remainder 2.
& when even power of 2 is divided by 3, we get remainder 1.
Therefore, in 2130/3 we will get a remainder of 1, because power is an even number.
So, required remainder = 1×26 = 64
48 (c)
Let the original fraction be x/y
x is 100% and then it’s increased by 400%. So, it becomes 500%
y is 100% and then it’s increased by 350%. So, it becomes 450%.
Resultant fraction = (x×500%)/(y×450%) = 11/45
Or x/y = (11×450)/(45×500)= 11/50
Thus, original fraction is 11/50.
49 (b)
If we consider the whole expense as 1 then,
Fraction of the expenditure spent on labour =1 - (1/6 + 1/3 + 1/10)
= 1 – [(5 + 10 + 3)/30]
= 1 - 18/30
= 12/30
= 2/5th part
As total expense = Rs.142400
∴ Expense on labor = (2/5) × 142400 = Rs. 56960
50 (a)
Let Anjal’s efficiency = Ae
Pranjal’s efficiency = Pe
And Karan’s efficiency = Ke
Efficiency of Pranjal, Pe = 2 × efficiency of Karan = 2Ke
Efficiency of Prnajal and Anjal = 1/10
So, Ae + Pe = 1/10
But, Pe = 2Ke. So, we get:
Ae + 2Ke = 1/10 ……………(1)
Efficiency of Anjal and Karan = 1/15
So, Ae + Ke = 1/15
Or 2Ae + 2Ke = 2/15 ……………(2)
Eq. (2) - Eq. (1):
2Ae + 2Ke - Ae - 2Ke = 2/15 – 1/10 = 1/30
Or Ae = 1/30
Hence, Anjal alone can finish the same work in 30 days.
.
51 (a)
Option (a) is correct. The passage mentions, “When women are empowered, the battle to eradicate
poverty is more fruitful. Studies conducted in various nations have proven that there is a direct
correlation between greater gender diversity and higher GDPs.” And “By empowering women, we
increase their right to economic resources, as well as their decision-making powers. This, in turn, benefits
their households and their communities. Women begin investing more in their children’s education, the
quality of human capital improves, and we as a nation reap the benefits of economic prosperity.” It
implies that by empowering women, the social development, i.e. eradicating poverty, increasing their
decision-making powers, higher investment in children’s education, an improvement in quality of human
capital etc., of society takes place. As a part of economic development, the GDP will increase and their
right to economic resources will also increase. So this is the option that best reflects the central idea of the
passage. Therefore, this is the correct answer.
Option (b) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “Studies conducted in various nations have proven that
there is a direct correlation between greater gender diversity and higher GDPs.” It implies that women's
empowerment tends to lead to growth in GDP. But the option talks only about GDP and leaves out other
social and economic benefits. So the statement is true but it does not best reflect the central idea of the
passage. So this option is incorrect.
Option (c) is incorrect. The passage nowhere mentions that women's empowerment is a must (a
necessary pre-condition) for the socio-economic development of a nation. There is no indication that the
socio-economic development will take place only when women are empowered. It only mentions a
correlation between greater gender diversity and higher GDPs. So this option is incorrect.
Option (d) is incorrect. The passage mentions, “By empowering women, we increase their right to
economic resources, as well as their decision-making powers. This, in turn, benefits their households and
their communities.” It implies women's empowerment leads to their social and economic development. So
this statement is true. However, this statement only talks about the development of women, while option
(a) talks about society and nation that includes everyone. So this option does not best reflect the central
idea of the passage in comparison to option (a). So this option is incorrect.
52 (c)
Statement 1 is correct. Human capital is the stock of skill and productive knowledge embodied
in people. The passage mentions, “The quality of human capital improves, and we as a nation reap the
benefits of economic prosperity.” It implies by improving human capital or resource we can reap the
benefits of economic prosperity. So this statement is correct.
Statement 2 is correct. The passage mentions, “Women begin investing more in their children’s
education, the quality of human capital improves, and we as a nation reap the benefits of economic
prosperity.” It implies that increasing education among children can ultimately lead to reaping the
benefits of economic prosperity. So, this statement is correct.
53 (a)
Option (a) is correct. According to the passage, the “Sunshine Protection Act” will make daylight saving
time (DST) permanent. It will put a stop on the practice of turning the clocks back. The statement “The
key argument is that DST is meant to save energy” makes it amply clear that the act is intended for energy
conservation. Hence it is the correct answer.
Option (b) is not correct. It is nowhere mentioned in the passage that the passed legislation will be used
to harness Solar Energy i.e. transforming solar energy into other forms of energies. The aim of this
legislation is to maximise the usage of day light. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
Option (c) is not correct. The passage says that the passed legislation will replace the practice of
resetting of clocks ahead by an hour in spring and behind by an hour in autumn. The indication is towards
modifying the working hours. There is no indication towards the place of work – office or home. Hence, it
is not the correct answer.
54 (c)
HCF of fractions = HCF of numerators/LCM of denominators
So, HCF of 4/5, 8/15, 2/25 = (HCF of 4, 8, 2)/(LCM of 5, 15, 25) = 2/75
LCM of fractions = LCM of numerators/HCF of numerators
So, LCM of 4/5, 8/15, 2/25 = (LCM of 4, 8, 2)/(HCF of 5, 15, 25) = 8/5
Hence, required product = (2/75) × (8/5) = 16/375

.
55 (d)
Let marks got by Subhi in Science, Geography and English be S, G and E respectively.
Given, E = 60. Then, according to the question,
Marks got by Subhi in Science, S = (E + G)/2 + 20 = (60 + G)/2 + 20 = G/2 + 50
So, it is clear that marks obtained in geography cannot be determined.
56 (a)
We have 5x + (1/x) = 4 …..(i)
f(x) = 125x3 + 1/x3 = (5x)3 + 1/x3 = (5x + 1/x)3 – 3 × 5x × (1/x) (5x + 1/x)
[a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 – 3 ab (a + b)]
Using (i), we get:
f(x) = (4)3 – 3 × 5 × 4 = 64 – 60 = 4
57 (b)
From chart it is clear that expense on diet = 24%
Expense on gym membership = 32%
Required Ratio = 24:32 = 3:4
58 (d)
Average marks of A, B and C are 650. Marks of B are 50 more than A, and marks of C are 20 less than A.
B = A + 50, C = A – 20
[A + B + C]/3 = 650
or A + B + C = 1950
or A + (A + 50) + (A – 20) = 1950 (Since, B = A + 50, C = A – 20)
or 3A + 30 = 1950
or 3A = 1920
or A = 1920/3 = 640
So, C = A – 20 = 640 – 20 = 620
59 (b)
Total number of people = 80
Number of people who drink wine = 33
So, Number of people who drink only soda = 80 – 33 = 47
60 (a)
Let the new average contribution of 10 people be x kgs.
Then, according to the question,
[450 × 9 + (x + 450)]/10 = x
⇒ [4050 + 450 + x)]/10 = x
⇒ (4500/10) + (x/10) = x
⇒ 450 = x - (x/10)
⇒ 450 = 9x/10
⇒ x = 4500/9
⇒ x = 500
So, average contribution of 10 people is 500 kg.
So, Total contribution of 10 people = 10 × 500 = 5000 kg

.
61 (d)
Numbers are in the ratio of 41:47:53.
Let these three numbers be 41x, 47x, 53x.
Given, HCF = 4
So, x = 4
So, required numbers are:
1st number = 41x = 41 × 4 = 164
2nd number = 47x = 47 × 4 = 188
3rd number = 53x = 53 × 4 = 212
62 (a)
Percentage of people in 60+ age group = 12%
Percentage of people in 18-30 age group = 14%
Given, number of people in 60+ age group = 48
So, 12% = 48
And so, 14% = (48/12) × 14 = 56
63 (c)
Statement (a) is not correct. Though the statement is correct in absolute sense, but it does not reflect the
critical message of the passage. The passage revolves around the argument of why the Constitution needs
to be translated, whereas this answer option focusses on the academician and his project realisation.
Hence, it is not the correct answer.
Statement (b) is not correct. The author is clear about the benefits of translating the Constitution. The
last line of the passage makes it amply clear. There is no indication towards the cost-benefit analysis of
translating the Constitution. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
Statement (c) is correct. It is a correct statement and best reflects the critical message of the passage. As
the passage mentions that for a historically deprived community and its people, the translation of
Constitution will help them understand their rights and the provisions of the Constitution. Hence, it is the
correct answer.
Statement (d) is not correct. The passage mentions that translation of the Constitution is available in
multiple languages. It is not the correct answer as the passage revolves around the argument of why
translation is needed in other languages. Whether or not the Constitution is already available in multiple
languages is not the core message of the passage. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
64 (a)
Statement (a) is correct. The entire passage revolves around the central argument that climate change
will deteriorate the carbon storing capacity of peatland. As the peatlands exist as a frozen permafrost, an
increase in temperature will melt the ice and hence the stored carbon will be lost in the atmosphere.
Hence, it is the correct answer.
Statement (b) is not correct. According to the passage Frozen wetlands in Europe and western Siberia
store up to 39 billion tonnes of carbon. This is equivalent to twice that is held by the whole of European
forests. The statement is correct in absolute sense, but the central idea of the passage revolves around the
argument that global warming will degrade carbon holding capacity of peatlands. Hence, it does not best
reflect the critical message of the passage.
Statement (c) is not correct. The passage does mention that waterlogged conditions prevent microbial
decay of plants. It is evident from the line “Waterlogged conditions limit microbial decay of dead plant
materials rich in carbon dioxide.” But it does not reflect the critical message of the passage. It is just a
peripheral point made by the author to lend support to the core argument – impact of climate change on
carbon storing capacity of peatland. Hence, it is not a correct answer.
Statement (d) is not correct. it is nowhere mentioned in the passage that peatlands are found all over the
world. Hence, this answer option is completely beyond the scope of the passage.
.
65 (c)
Statement 1 is correct. According to the passage, peatlands are a type of wetlands flooded with water. It
is evident from the line “Peatlands are a class of wetlands…” Hence it is a correct statement.
Statement 2 is correct: According to the passage “Huge stocks of peat carbon have been protected for
millennia by frozen conditions, but once those conditions become unsuitable, all that stored carbon can be
lost very quickly.” Hence, it would be correct to say that ice protects peatland from degradation.
66 (d)
Statement 1 is not correct. Refer to the line “…shows that people’s sense of safety and security is at a
low in almost every country, including the richest countries.” According to the passage people’s sense of
security is low in all countries - rich and poor. We cannot establish any relationship between development
and security. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
Statement 2 is not correct. Refer to the line: “…global life expectancy at birth is falling for a second
year because of COVID-19.” According to the passage the life expectancy at birth is falling due to the
Covid-19 pandemic globally. It not limited to some countries only. Hence, it is not the correct answer.
67 (a)
Statement 1 is correct: According to the passage, people’s sense of security is low in almost every
country, which includes the richest countries which have seen growth and development in past few
decades.
Statement 2 is incorrect. According to the passage, climate change is “likely” to become a leading cause
of death around the world. It is clear from the line: “Even with moderate mitigation of emissions, some 40
million people might die because of changes in temperatures before the end of the century”. However, we
cannot infer from this that it will definitely cause “most” number of deaths.
68 (c)
Let the numbers be x and y, where x > y.
So, x - y = 6
And x2 + y2 = 1476
Now, x2 + y2 = (x – y)2 + 2xy
So, 1476 = 62 + 2xy
 1476 = 36 + 2xy
 2xy = 1476 – 36 = 1440
 xy = 1440/2 = 720
So, product of these two numbers is 720.
As we know that, LCM × HCF = product of two numbers
So, 120 × HCF = 720
Or HCF = 720/120 = 6
69 (c)
Let Qasim’s age be x.
∴ x + 22 = x × 125/100
Or x + 22 = 5x/4
Or (5x/4) – x = 22
Or x/4 = 22
Or x = 88
Thus, Qasim’s age is 88 years.
.
70 (d)
Total number of commandos = 20
Number of commandos which have a gun = n(G) = 8
Number of commandos which have a knife = n(K) = 10
Number of commandos which have neither a knife nor a gun = 5
Number of commandos which have either a knife or a gun = 20 – 5 = 15
n(G∪K) = n (G) + n (K) – n(G∩K)
or 15 = 8 + 10 - n(G∩K)
or n(G∩K) = 18 – 15 = 3
So, 3 commandos have both a knife and a gun .
71 (c)
Efficiency of Abhishek = 1/20
Efficiency of Vipul = 1/40
Total efficiency of Abhishek and Vipul = (1/20 + 1/40) = 3/40
If both are working together, the work will be completed in 40/3 = 13.33 days
Thus, the work will get completed on the 14th day.
72 (b)
Let the number be x.
5x3 = 15x2
Or 5x = 15
Or x = 3
∴ The required number is 3.
73 (d)
Let the original number be 'a', the divisor be 'd', and the quotient obtained on dividing 'a' by 'd' be 'x'.
Therefore, a = dx + 24
Twice the original number is divided by 'd' means 2a is divided by d.
2a = 2(dx + 24) = 2dx + 48
When (2dx + 48) is divided by 'd' the remainder is 11.
2dx is divisible by 'd' and will therefore, not leave a remainder. The remainder of 11 would be the
remainder obtained on dividing 48 by d. The question essentially becomes "What number will leave a
remainder of 11 when it divides 48?"
When 37 divides 48, the remainder is 11.
74 (d)
Let the numbers be a and b.
Given is a + b = 100 and a − b = 37
So, a² − b² = (a + b) (a − b) = 100 × 37 = 3700.

.
75 (a)
3
(6 × √5 )3 = 216 × 5 = 1080
3
(8 × √2 )3 = 512 × 2 = 1024
3
(2 × √130)3 = 8 × 130 = 1040
3
( √900)3 = 900
76 (c)
D = 0. a b a b a b ...
And 100D = ab. a b a b a b ...
So, 99D = ab
or, D = a b/99 .
So, D must be multiplied by 198, as 198 is a multiple of 99.
Hence, the correct option is (c).
77 (b)
From II, b = 2d
Hence, b = 10, d = 5 or b = 4, d = 2
From III, e + a = 10 or e + a = 4
e + a = 4 is not possible. So, e + a = 10
So, e, a = 4 or 6
From I, a + c = e or e − a = c
So, c = 2
From III and I, we get, 2e = 10 + c = 12
or e = 12/2 = 6
So, a = 4
So, a = 4, b = 10, c = 2, d = 5, e = 6
78 (d)
Statement 1 is incorrect. According to the passage both the approaches overlap to a considerable extent.
Both have a much more optimistic view of human nature and share the view that growing interdependence
will strengthen the institutions of regional cooperation. However, it would be an exaggeration to say that
both approaches overlap completely. Hence, it is not a correct statement.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Interdependence theorist emphasise the importance of non-state actors such as
multinational corporations and their role in shaping the world where military power has become less
relevant and to some extent irrelevant for establishing relations between countries. Therefore,
Interdependence theorist are supportive (not critical) of multinational corporations. Hence, it is not a
correct answer.
Statement 3 is correct. According to the passage evolving interdependence will create stronger
institutions of regional cooperation which will create greater opportunities for strengthening the United
Nations and developing mechanisms of world governance. It is evident from the line: “…that growing
interdependence will strengthen the institutions of regional cooperation and open up greater
opportunities for strengthening the United Nations and developing mechanisms of world governance.”
Hence, it is the correct answer.
79 (b)
Statement (a) is incorrect. Though the passage says that Ghalib witnessed the rise of British, we cannot
infer that he foresaw their rise. Moreover, even the argument that Ghalib witnessed the rise of British is a
part of the passage which focusses on how the British got scope and expanded in India. Hence, it is not a
correct answer.
Statement (b) is correct. Refer to the line: “…the Indo-Gangetic plain, once ruled by a single monarch,
was now split between contending chiefdoms and armies. Brother was fighting brother…” It is clear that
weak monarchy and fighting chiefdoms weakened the federation and unity. Hence, it gave scope of
expansion to British. The passage further explains how the British further acquired greater part of the
Indian Sub-continent. Hence it is the correct answer.

.
Statement (c) is not correct. According to the passage during the mutiny, Delhi did witness a large
bloodshed during the mutiny. However, the passage is silent on the looting aspect, which seems rather too
specific. Hence it is not the correct answer.
Statement (d) is not correct. The passage does not talk about the vision of nationalists. Also, it cannot be
the crux of the passage.
80 (a)
Statement 1 is incorrect. It is mentioned in the passage that Delhi was the home town of Ghalib and
Indo-Gangetic plain was his home territory. But it is nowhere mentioned in the passage that he was born
in Delhi. It is probable, within the limits of this passage, that he was born elsewhere and later moved to
Delhi. Hence it is not the correct answer.
Statement 2 is correct. It is mentioned in the passage that a large section of the native people rose up
against British. The colonial powers called it the Sepoy Mutiny, and Indian nationalists later referred to as
the First War of Indian Independence. So, there was different interpretations of the revolt. Hence it is a
correct statement.
Statement 3 is correct. It is clearly mentioned in the passage, Delhi was the capital of the Mughals and
later become the capital of the British Raj as well. It is evident from the line: “Some of the bloodiest
fighting was in Ghalib’s home town, Delhi – still nominally the capital of the Mughals and in time to
become the capital of the British Raj as well.” Hence, it is a correct statement.
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CSAT APTITUDE TEST (4019) – 2023

3. You have to enter your Roll Number on the Test Booklet in

DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO

(b) 216 Admission charges in a school

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16. The following pie-chart shows the percentage

then what is the difference between Q and P?

subsets of P that contain at least 4 elements is

14. A, B and C together can finish a work in 4 days.

(d) 11 days (d) 25%

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precipitation. describe this frame of mind. Unfortunately, it is an

competition is the order of the day. Right from our

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minimum number of laddoos he needs to fill the (d) 71%

numbers is 459, and product of the last two co- (c) 8

three co-prime numbers?

(c) 79 tractor and a backhoe loader?

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below: 35. When 60 is added to a certain number, then new

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39. The given diagram shows the number of people

people who have received at least two doses of

is 175, then what will be their difference?

What is the percentage of expenditure on Rent? (a) 30

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49. The graph given below shows the different parts

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“Sunlight Protection Act”? expenses of a sportsman on different items and

(c) 16/375 What is the ratio of the expenses done on diet

English, she got 60 marks, then what were her

(a) 30 marks of C are 20 less than A, then what are the

(d) Both (a) and (b) (d) 29

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plants. healthcare systems to tackle new challenges like the

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Copyright © by Vision IAS

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ANSWERS & EXPLANATION

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According to the question,

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