The document describes 3 levels of lymph node groups that drain the breast, with level 1 located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle, level 2 behind the pectoralis minor, and level 3 medial to the pectoralis minor. It also notes that the axillary vein and internal thoracic vein make up the veins that drain the breast lymph nodes.
The document describes 3 levels of lymph node groups that drain the breast, with level 1 located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle, level 2 behind the pectoralis minor, and level 3 medial to the pectoralis minor. It also notes that the axillary vein and internal thoracic vein make up the veins that drain the breast lymph nodes.
The document describes 3 levels of lymph node groups that drain the breast, with level 1 located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle, level 2 behind the pectoralis minor, and level 3 medial to the pectoralis minor. It also notes that the axillary vein and internal thoracic vein make up the veins that drain the breast lymph nodes.
Level 2 – behind pec minor = central + intrapectoral
Level 3 – medial to pec minor = apical (supraclavicular)
** Veins = axillary vein + internal thoracic vein
1. What is hidradenitis suppurativa The condition occurs when hair follicles fill with sweat, keratin, and bacteria. This causes them to become blocked and inflamed. Tx: incision and drain 2. LCIS only develops in female 3. LCIS → the average age at diagnosis is 45 years, which is approximately 15 to 25 years younger than the age at diagnosis or invasive breast cancer. 4. TRAM flap: This technique uses skin, fat, and muscle from the lower abdomen to create a new breast. The tissue is taken from the lower abdomen and transferred to the chest area to create a new breast mound. There are two types of TRAM flaps: the pedicled TRAM flap, which keeps the tissue attached to its original blood supply, and the free TRAM flap, which involves removing the tissue and reconnecting it to blood vessels in the chest. 5. DIEP flap: This technique is similar to the TRAM flap but uses only skin and fat from the lower abdomen, without removing any muscle. The tissue is carefully removed and reconnected to blood vessels in the chest to create a new breast mound. 6. SIEA