MATHEMATICS

Question bank on Compound angles, Trigonometric eqn and ineqn,

Solutions of Triangle, Sequence & Progression
There are 132 questions in this question bank.
Select the correct alternative : (Only one is correct)
Q.1 If x + y = 3 – cos4 and x – y = 4 sin2 then
(A) x4 + y4 = 9 (B) x  y 16
(C) x3 + y3 = 2(x2 + y2) (D*) x  y 2
[Sol. On adding and subtracting
3  cos 4  4 sin 2 3  cos 4  4 sin 2
x= ; y=
2 2
4(1  sin 2)  (1  cos 4) 4(1  sin 2)  (1  cos 4)
x= ; y=
2 2
x = 2 (1 + sin2 ) – cos22 ; y = 2 (1 – sin2) – cos22
x = 1 + 2 sin2 + sin22 ; y = 1 – 2 sin2 + sin22
x = (1 + sin2)2 ; y = (1 – sin2)2  x  y 2 ]

[Alternate : Or put  = and verify ]
4
A B 3
Q.2 If in a triangle ABC, b cos2 + a cos2 = c then a, b, c are :
2 2 2
(A) in A.P. (B) in G.P. (C) in H.P. (D*) None
b a 3c
[Hint : (1 + cos A) + (1 + cos B) =
2 2 2
 a + b + c = 3c  a + b = 2c  a,c,b are in A.P. ]

n sin A cos A
Q.3 If tanB = then tan(A + B) equals
1  n cos2 A
sin A ( n  1) cos A sin A sin A
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
(1  n ) cos A sin A (n  1) cos A (n  1) cos A

n sin A cos A
tan A 
tan A  tan B 1  n cos 2 A sin A(1  n cos 2 A )  n sin A cos 2 A
[Sol. tan(A + B) = = =
1  tan A tan B 1  tan A · n sin A cos A cos A(1  n cos 2 A)  n sin 2 A cos A
1  n cos 2 A
sin A  0 sin A
= 2 2 = ]
cos A (1  n cos A  n sin A) (1  n ) cos A

F
G I
(a  x)J= 0 then, which of the following holds good?
Q.4 Given a2 + 2a + cosec2 H2 K
x x
(A) a = 1 ; I (B*) a = –1 ; I
2 2
 (C) a  R ; x  (D) a , x are finite but not possible to find
F
Ga x I
[Sol. (a+1)2 + cosec2 H2  2 JK– 1 = 0
F
Ga x I
or (a+1)2 + cot2 H2  2 JK= 0
from option [B] If a = –1  tan2x/2 = 0  x/2  I ]

Q.5 If A is the area and 2s the sum of the 3 sides of a triangle, then :

s2 s2 s2
(A*) A  (B) A = (C) A > D None
3 3 2 3
[Hint : For a given perimeter an equilateral triangle has the maximum area
2
3  2s  s2
 Amax =      A Amax.
4  3 3 3

Alternatively : A = s(s  a )(s  b)(s  c)

if s is constant then A is maximum if the product, (s – a) (s – b) (s – c) is maximum
sa sbsc
now  [(s – a) (s – b) (s – c)]1/3
3
3
s
   (s – a) (s – b) (s – c)
3

s3
 (s – a) (s – b) (s – c) 
27
s4
 s (s – a) (s – b) (s – c) 
27

s4 s2
 A2   A 
27 3 3

2 3 6 9 18 27 
Q.6 The exact value of cos cos ec  cos cos ec  cos cos ec is equal to
28 28 28 28 28 28
(A) – 1/2 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D*) 0

[Hint : put
 cos 2 x cos 2 x sin x L
1 sin 3x  sin x
M
= x T1 = sin 3x = sin 3x sin x = 2 sin 3x sin x =
1 O
P
cos ecx  cos ec 3x etc.]
28 N 2 Q
C C
Q.7 In any triangle ABC, (a + b)2 sin2 + (a  b)2 cos2 =
2 2
(A) c (a + b) (B) b (c + a) (C) a (b + c) (D*) c2
 C C  C C  C C
[Hint : a2  sin 2  cos 2  + b2  sin 2  cos 2   2 ab  cos 2  sin 2 
 2 2  2 2  2 2
= a2 + b2  2ab cosC = c2 ]
Q.8
tan  x   . cos  32  x  sin  72  x when simplified reduces to :

2
3

cos  x  2  . tan  32  x

(A) sin x cos x (B)  sin2 x (C)  sin x cos x (D*) sin2x

[Sol.
tan  x   . cos  32  x  sin  72  x

2
3

cos  x  2  . tan  32  x

sin x. cos x
3
cos3 x 
 cot x . sin x  cos x sin x
= = cos x = sin2x Ans ]
 sin x . cot x  sin x .
sin x

Q.9 If in a ABC, sin3A + sin3B + sin3C = 3 sinA · sinB · sinC then

(A) ABC may be a scalene triangle (B) ABC is a right triangle
(C) ABC is an obtuse angled triangle (D*) ABC is an equilateral triangle
[Hint: Use : a3+b3+c3–3abc = (1/2) (a+b+c) [(a–b)2+(b–c)2+(c–a)2 ]
[Hint: either sinA + sinB + sin C = 0 (which is not possible)
or sinA = sinB = sinC  equilateral ]

Q.10 In a triangle ABC, CH and CM are the lengths of the altitude and median to the base AB. If a = 10,
b = 26, c = 32 then length (HM)
(A) 5 (B) 7 (C*) 9 (D) none

322  10 2  26 2 7
[Hint : cos B =   BH  7
2.3210
. 10
 MH = BM  BH = 16  7 = 9 ]

sin 2  sin   cos 

Q.11 The value of  for all permissible vlaues of 
sin   cos  tan 2   1
(A) is less than – 1 (B) is greater than 1
(C) lies between – 1 and 1 including both (D*) lies between – 2 and 2

Q.12 sin 3 = 4 sin  sin 2 sin 4 in 0  has :

(A) 2 real solutions (B) 4 real solutions
(C) 6 real solutions (D*) 8 real solutions.
[Sol. given equation can be written as
3 sin  - 4sin3 = 4sin sin 2 sin4
hence either sin  = 0   = n
or 3 – 4sin2 = 4 sin 2 sin 4
3 – 2 (1 – cos 2) = 2 (cos 2 – cos 6)
or 1 = – 2 cos 6
1 2
cos 6 = – = cos
2 3
2
6 = 2n ±
3
  2  4  5 7  8
if 0  then total solution are 0, , , , , , ,  is 8 real solutions. ]
9 9 9 9 9 9
C 1
Q.13 In a triangle ABC, CD is the bisector of the angle C. If cos has the value and l (CD) = 6, then
2 3
 1 1
   has the value equal to
 a b

1 1 1
(A*) (B) (C) (D) none
9 12 6
1 C C
[Hint :  = 1 + 2 = ab sin C = ab sin cos
2 2 2
1 C 1 C 1 1 1
= 6b sin + 6a sin    ]
2 2 2 2 a b 9
Q.14 The set of angles btween 0 & 2 satisfying the equation 4 cos2  2 2 cos  1 = 0 is
R
S  5 19  23 U
T12 , 12 , 12 , 12 V
 7 17 23 
(B*)  ,
(A)
W , ,
12 12 12 12 


R5 13 , 19 U

(C) S ,
R
 7  19  23
S U
V
T12 12 12 V W (D)
T , ,
12 12 12
,
12 W
[Sol. 4 cos2 – 2 2 cos – 1 = 0

2 2  8  16 2 6
cos = =
8 4

6 2   23
cos =  ; 2  
4 12 12 12

6 2
cos = 
4
cos = cos(–5/12) ; cos(+5/12)
 = 7/12 ; 17/12  (B) ]
tan A
Q.15 If the median of a triangle ABC through A is perpendicular to AB then has the value equal to
tan B
1 1
(A) (B) 2 (C*)  2 (D) 
2 2
[Hint : Using m  n theorem
a a
a cot (90 + B) = cot 90º  cot (A  90º)
2 2
tan A
 =2 ]
tan B

Q.16 If cos ( + ) = 0 then sin ( + 2) =

(A*) sin  (B)  sin  (C) cos  (D)  cos 
 
[Hint :  +  =  =   sin ( + 2) = sin ( +  2) = sin () = sin ]
2 2
Q.17 With usual notations, in a triangle ABC, a cos(B – C) + b cos(C – A) + c cos(A – B) is equal to
abc abc 4abc abc
(A*) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D)
R 4R R 2R 2
[Sol. Here a(cosB cosC + sinB sinC) + ........
a b c
using   = 2R
sin A sin B sin C
bc
a (cosB cosC + ) + ......
4R 2
3abc
= + a cosB cosC + b cosC cosA + c cosA cosB
4R 2
3abc
= + c cosC + c cosA cosB
4R 2
3abc
= + c [cosA cosB – cos(A + B)]
4R 2
3abc
= + c sinA sinB
4R 2
3abc abc abc
= 2 + 2 =  (A) ]
4R 4R R2
sin 3   cos3  cos 
Q.18   2 tan  cot  =  1 if :
sin   cos  1  cot 2 

     3   3 
(A)   0 ,  (B*)   ,  (C)    ,  (D)   , 2
 2 2   2  2 
[Hint: simplifies to –cos |sin| + sin cos = 0 provided sin  cos 

Q.19 With usual notations in a triangle ABC, ( I I1 ) · ( I I2 ) · ( I I3 ) has the value equal to
(A) R2r (B) 2R2r (C) 4R2r (D*) 16R2r
[Hint: BICI1 is a cyclic quadrilateral with I I1 as the diameter
 A
also  BI1C = 
2 2
applying sine law in BCI1
a
 I I1
A
cos
2

A A
2R ·2 sin ·cos
 I I1 = 2 2 = 4R sin A
A 2
cos
2
A B C
  I I1 = 64R3 sin 2 sin
2
sin = 16R2 r
2
]
Q.20 In a triangle ABC, angle B < angle C and the values of B & C satisfy the equation
2 tan x - k (1 + tan2 x) = 0 where (0 < k < 1) . Then the measure of angle A is :
(A) /3 (B) 2/3 (C*) /2 (D) 3/4
2 tan x
[Sol. k= = sin2x  sin2C = sin2B
1  tan 2 x
But  C > B
2C =  – 2B  B + C = /2
  A = /2 Ans ]

2 cos   1  
Q.21 If cos  = then tan cot has the value equal to, where(0 <  <  and 0 <  < )
2  cos  2 2
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D*) 3
1 2  cos  1  cos  31  cos 
[Hint : = Applying C/D  =
cos 2 cos   1 1  cos  1  cos 

   
 tan2 = 3 tan2  tan2 cot2 = 3 ]
2 2 2 2

Q.22 In a  ABC, if the median, bisector and altitude drawn from the vertex A divide the angle at the vertex
into four equal parts then the angles of the  ABC are :
2       3   3 
(A) , , (B) , , (C*) , , (D) , ,
3 4 12 2 3 6 2 8 8 2 10 5
x a
[Hint : In  ABM =  (1)
cos sin 3
a x
and in  AMC =  (2)
sin cos3
From (1) and (2)
sin  cos  = sin 3  cos 3 
 sin 2 = sin 6  8  = 
 = /8  C ]
 C C A B
Q.23 If A + B + C =  & sin  A   = k sin , then tan tan =
 2 2 2 2

k1 k1 k k 1
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
k1 k1 k1 k

F
G CI
H 2 JK= K
sin A +
[Sol. C Now apply C/D and then proceed ]
sin
2
4 4
Q.24 The equation, sin2  3 =1 3 has :
sin   1 sin   1
(A) no root (B) one root (C) two roots (D*) infinite roots
[Sol. 2
sin  = 1 [sin   1 ]  sin = 1   = 2n + /2  infinite roots ]
  1 1  1 1   1 1 3
Q.25 With usual notation in a  ABC          = KR where K has the value
 r1 r2   r2 r3   r3 r1  a 2 b 2 c2
equal to :
(A) 1 (B) 16 (C*) 64 (D) 128
1 c a bc a bc
[Hint : 1st term = (s  a  s  b ) =  LHS= . Use  = to get the result ]
  3 4R

5 1  sin x  1  sin x
Q.26 If  x  3 , then the value of the expression is
2 1  sin x  1  sin x
x x x x
(A) –cot (B) cot (C) tan (D*) –tan
2 2 2 2
[Hint: On rationalizing ; we get
1  sin x  1  sin x  2 | cos x | 21 | cos x | 1  cos x
=  2 (sin x ) = (D) ]
1  sin x  1  sin x  (sin x ) 

2 4 
If x sin  = y sin    
Q.27  = z sin     then :
 3  3
(A) x + y + z = 0 (B*) xy + yz + zx = 0 (C) xyz + x + y + z = 1 (D) none

x sin 2 / 3 . cos   cos 2 / 3. sin  1  3 cos   sin   3 1

[Hint :  = 2  = cot   ....(1)
y sin   sin   2 2

x sin  . cos 4 / 3  cos  . sin 4 / 3 1 3

|||ly  =   cot  ....(2)
z sin  2 2
x x
   1  xz + xy + yz = 0 ]
y z

a cos A  b cos B  c cos C

Q.28 In a  ABC, the value of is equal to :
abc

r R R 2r
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
R 2r r R

R sin 2A  sin 2B  sin 2C 4 sin A sin B sin C

[Hint : LHS =
2 R  sin A  sin B  sin C 2 . 4 cos A B C
2 cos 2 cos 2
A B C r
= 4 sin sin sin = ]
2 2 2 R

 2 4 8 16 
Q.29 The value of cos cos cos cos cos is :
10 10 10 10 10

1 1 cos   / 10 10  2 5
(A) (B) (C) (D*) 
32 16 16 64
[Sol. /10 = 
2 sin  (cos  . cos 2 . cos 4 . cos 8 . cos 16 )
E =
2 sin 
sin 32
= 32 sin 

sin( 30  2) 1 

= =  cos
32. sin  16 10
1
= 1  sin 2  / 10  (D) ]
16
r1  r2   r2  r3   r3  r1 
Q.30 With usual notation in a  ABC, if R = k where k has the value equal to:
r1 r2  r2 r3  r3 r1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C*) 1/4 (D) 4
A
[Hint : Numerator of RHS = k s2 . 4R and denominator of RHS = s2 (using r1 = s tan etc.)
2
numerator 1
 of RHS = k · 4R = LHS = R  k = ]
deno min ator 4

Q.31 If a cos3  + 3a cos  sin2  = m and a sin3  + 3a cos2  sin  = n . Then

(m + n)2/3 + (m  n)2/3 is equal to :
(A) 2 a2 (B) 2 a1/3 (C*) 2 a2/3 (D) 2 a3
[Hint : Add  raise to the power 2/3 ; subtract  raise to the power 2/3 & add the two results ]
[Sol. m+n = a{(cos3 + sin3) + 3 cos sin (cos + sin) }
m+n = a {cos + sin}3
|||ly m–n = a{cos – sin}3
(m+n)2/3 = a2/3 (cos + sin)2
add. (m–n)2/3 = a2/3(cos–sin)2
________________________
= a2/3 (2)  2a2/3 ]
a bc
Q.32 In a triangle ABC , AD is the altitude from A . Given b > c , angle C = 23° & AD =
b  c2
2

then angle B =
(A) 157° (B*) 113° (C) 147° (D) none
abc abc
[Sol. h= 2 2 ; c sinB =
b c b  c2
2

sin A sin B sin A

sin B = 2 2 or 1=
sin B  sin C sin( B  C) sin( B  C)
 sin (B – C) = 1  B – C = 90°
 113° ]

Q.33 The value of cot x + cot (60º + x) + cot (120º + x) is equal to :

3  9 tan 2 x
(A) cot 3x (B) tan 3x (C) 3 tan 3x (D*)
3 tan x  tan 3 x
[Hint : Note that the given expression simplifies to 3 cot3x ]
cos(60  x ) cos(x  60)
[Sol. cotx + 
sin( 60  x ) sin( x  60)
cos x sin( 2x )
= sin x  sin( x  60) sin( x  60)

cos x 8 sin x cos x 4 sin 2 x cos x  3 cos x  8 sin 2 x cos x

= sin x 
4 sin 2 x  3 = 4 sin 3 x  3 sin x

3[3 cos x  4 cos3 x ] 3[1  3 tan 2 x ]

= = 3 cot3x  Ans ]
sin 3 x 3 tan x  tan 3 x

Q.34 In a  ABC, cos 3A + cos 3B + cos 3C = 1 then :

(A)  ABC is right angled
(B)  ABC is acute angled
(C*)  ABC is obtuse angled
(D) nothing definite can be said about the nature of the .
3A 3B 3C 2 2 2
[Hint :  cos 3A = 1 + 4 sin sin sin = 1  A= or B = or C = ]
2 2 2 3 3 3

3  cot 76 cot 16

Q.35 The value of is :
cot 76  cot 16
(A*) cot 44º (B) tan 44º (C) tan 2º (D) cot 46º
3 sin 76 0 . sin 16 0  cos 76 0 cos 16 0
[Sol. Using
cos 76 0 sin 16 0  sin 76 0 cos 16 0

2 sin 760 sin 160  [sin 760 sin 160  cos 76 0 cos160 ] cos 60  cos 92  cos 60
= =
sin 920 sin 92

1 cos 92 0 2 sin 2 460

= = = tan460 = cot440 Ans ]
sin 92 0 2 sin 460 cos 460
Q.36 If the incircle of the  ABC touches its sides respectively at L, M and N and if x, y, z be the circumradii
of the triangles MIN, NIL and LIM where I is the incentre then the product xyz is equal to :
1 1
(A) R r2 (B) r R2 (C*) R r2 (D) r R2
2 2
[Hint: note that ANIM is a cyclic quandrilateral.
A 2x A
 cosec =  2x = r cosec
2 r 2

r r3 r 3.R r 2 R
x=  xyz =   ]
A A 2.r 2
2 sin 2.4 sin
2 2
Q.37 The number of solutions of tan (5 cos ) = cot (5  sin ) for  in (0, 2) is :
(A*) 28 (B) 14 (C) 4 (D) 2
[Sol. tan (5 cos ) = cot (5  sin )
 
tan (5 cos ) = tan   5 sin  
2 
5cos = n + /2 – 5 sin
 2n  1 
(cos+ sin) =  
 10 
2n  1 10 2  1 10 2  1
 –1 < <1   < n <
10 2 2 2
n= 14 for each ‘n’ there are two values of 
 no. of solutions = 28 ]

A
Q.38 If A = 3400 then 2 sin is identical to
2
(A) 1  sin A  1  sin A (B)  1  sin A  1  sin A
(C) 1  sin A  1  sin A (D*)  1  sin A  1  sin A
0 0
[Hint: A/2 = 170 hence 2sinA/2 > 0 now 340 lies in IV quadrant. Hence sinA <0.
So 1+ sinA < 1 – sinA. Hence B & C are rejected because they give – values.
Now we will check A & D.
A: | sinA/2 + cosA/2 | + | sinA/2 – cosA/2 |
–ve +ve
–sinA/2 – cosA/2 + sinA/2 – cosA/2 = – 2 cosA/2
Hence D is the answer ]
Q.39 AD, BE and CF are the perpendiculars from the angular points of a  ABC upon the opposite sides.
The perimeters of the  DEF and  ABC are in the ratio :
2r r r r
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
R 2R R 3R
where r is the in radius and R is the circum radius of the  ABC
[Hint : Note that  DEF is a pedal triangle whose sides are R sin 2A, R sin 2B and
R sin 2C.
R  sin2 A 4 R  sin A 2 . 8  sin A A
2  cos 2 A r
 ratio = = = A = 4  sin = ]
abc 2 R  sin A 4  cos 2 2 R

 
Q.40 The value of cosec – 3 sec 18 is a
18
(A) surd (B) rational which is not integral
(C) negative natural number (D*) natural number

1  3 
2  cos  sin 
1 3 2 18 2 18 
[Sol.  =
sin  / 18 cos  / 18 
sin
9
2
     
4sin cos  cos sin 
=  6 18 6 18  = 4 Ans ]

sin
9
B C
Q.41 In a  ABC if b + c = 3a then cot · cot has the value equal to :
2 2
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C*) 2 (D) 1
B C s s  b  s s  c  s  a  s 2s
[Hint : cot · cot = . . = =
2 2   sa sa 2s  2a
B C 4a
but given that a + b + c = 4a  2s = 4a Hence cot · cot = =2 ]
2 2 2a

Q.42 The set of values of ‘a’ for which the equation, cos 2x + a sin x = 2a  7 possess a solution is :
(A) (, 2) (B*) [2, 6] (C) (6, ) (D) ()
[Sol. cos2x + a sinx = 2a – 7
i.e. 2sin2x – a sinx + 2a – 8 = 0

a  a 2  8(2a  8) a  (a  8)
sinx = 
4 4
a4
sinx = or 2
2
Hence –1 < (a– 4)/ 2 < 1  the range of a ]

Q.43 In a right angled triangle the hypotenuse is 2 2 times the perpendicular drawn from the opposite vertex.
Then the other acute angles of the triangle are
   3    3
(A) & (B*) & (C) & (D) &
3 6 8 8 4 4 5 10
[Sol. 
p2sec2 + p2cosec2 = 2 2 2 p2 
1
 8
sin  cos 2 
2

2
 1 
sin22 = 1/2= 
 2
2 = n + /4
 = n/2 + /8
for n = 0   = /8
for n=1   = 3/8 ]

Q.44 Let f, g, h be the lengths of the perpendiculars from the circumcentre of the  ABC on the sides a, b and
a b c abc
c respectively . If   = then the value of  is :
f g h f gh
(A*) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D) 2
 a 1 1
[ Hint : tan A =   tan A =  tan A
2f 2 2

1  a b c
=  . .   A ]
4  f g h

A B
 cot2 2 . cot 2 2
Q.45 In  ABC, the minimum value of is
A 2
 cot 2
(A*) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) non existent
A B C
[Hint : E = tan2 + tan2 + tan2
2 2 2
2
 A B
now consider  tan  tan   0 etc and add to get the result. ]
 2 2
Q.46 If the orthocentre and circumcentre of a triangle ABC be at equal distances from the side BC and lie on
the same side of BC then tanB tanC has the value equal to :
1 1
(A*) 3 (B) (C) – 3 (D) –
3 3
[Hint : R cos A = 2 R cosB cosC (C M = ON = distance of orthocentre from the side)
cos(B  C)
 =–2 (ON = 2R cosB cosC)
cos B cos C
cosB cosC  sin B sin C
=–2 (C'B = R)
cosB cosC

1 – tan B tanC = – 2
 tan B tan C = – 3 ]

Q.47 The general solution of sin x + sin 5x = sin 2x + sin 4x is :

(A) 2n (B) n (C*) n/3 (D) 2 n/3
where n  I
[Sol. sinx + sin5x = sin2x + sin4x
2 sin3x cos2x = 2 sin3x cosx
2sin3x [ cos2x – cosx] = 0
On solving we get x = n/3 ]

Q.48 The product of the distances of the incentre from the angular points of a  ABC is :
a b c R a bc s
(A) 4 R2 r (B*) 4 Rr2 (C) (D)
s R
[Similar to 61]
A 4 r3 4 r3 . R
[Hint :  IA = r3  cosec = = = 4 r2 R  B ]
2 4  sin A2 r
 3 1 3
Q.49 Number of roots of the equation cos 2 x  sin x   1  0 which lie in the interval
2 4
[] is
(A) 2 (B*) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8
3 1 3
[Sol. 1 – sin2x + sinx – –1=0
2 4
3 1 3
sin2x – sinx + =0
2 4
4sin2x – 2 3 sinx – 2sinx + 3 = 0
On solving we get
3
sinx = 1/2 ;
2
= (/6 , 5/6 ; /3 , 2/3 ]

sec 8  1
Q.50 sec 4  1 is equal to
(A) tan 2 cot 8 (B) tan 8 tan 2 (C) cot 8 cot 2 (D*) tan 8 cot 2

Q.51  
In a ABC if b = a 3 1 and C = 300 then the measure of the angle A is
(A) 150 (B) 450 (C) 750 (D*) 1050
AB a b C
[Hint: use tan = cot to get A – B and A + B = 1500 (given) ]
2 ab 2

Q.52 Number of values of  [ 0 , 2  ] satisfying the equation cotx – cosx = 1 – cotx. cosx
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.53 The exact value of cos273º + cos247º + (cos73º . cos47º) is

(A) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C*)3/4 (D) 1
1  cos1460 1  cos 940 cos1200  cos 260
[Sol. + +
2 2 2

 cos1460  cos 940  1 cos 260

= 1+   
 2  4 2
= 3/4 Ans ]
5p  2  p 4p  2 
Q.54 I n a ABC, a = a1 = 2 , b = a2 , c = a3 such that ap+1 = 2  p a p  2  ap 
3  5p 
where p = 1,2 then
(A) r1 = r2 (B) r3 = 2r1 (C) r2 = 2r1 (D*) r2 = 3r1
[ Hint: put p = 1 , we get a2 = 4  b = 4
put p = 2 , we get a3 = 4  c = 4
Hence the ABC is isosceles
 now  = 15

 15  15
 r1 = = and r2 = = = r3
sa 3 sb 1
hence r2 = r3 = 3r1 ]

Q.55 The expression,

 3
tan 2   cos 2     
3
   
+ cos     sin () + cos (+) sin     when
cos(2   ) 2 2
simplified reduces to :
(A*) zero (B) 1 (C)  1 (D) none
 cot  sin 
[Sol. + sin . sin + cos . cos
cos 
= –1+1 = 0]
  3   5 
Q.56 The expression [1  sin (3) + cos (3 + )] 1  sin      cos      when simplified
  2   2 
reduces to :
(A) sin 2 (B*)  sin 2 (C) 1  sin 2 (D) 1 + sin 2
[Sol. [1– sin – cos ] [ 1 + cos + sin ]
= 1 – (sin + cos)2 = – sin2 Ans ]

Q.57 If ‘O’ is the circumcentre of the  ABC and R1, R2 and R3 are the radii of the circumcircles of triangles
a b c
OBC, OCA and OAB respectively then   has the value equal to:
R1 R2 R 3

a bc R3 4 
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
2 R3 a bc R2 4R 2
a bc a 4
[Hint : Using R =  =
4 R bc

a b c 4 4
  = 2 (1 + 2 + 3) = 2  C]
R1 R2 R 3 R R

Q.58 The maximum value of ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos) for every   R .
625 625
(A) 25 (B) 625 (C*) (D)
2 4
[Sol. y = ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos)
r cos  = 7 ; r sin  = 24
24
r2 = 625 ; tan  =
7
y = r cos ( – ) . r sin ( – )
r2 r2
= . 2 sin ( – ) cos ( – ) = . (sin2( – ) )
2 2
 252 625
ymax =  ]
2 2

Q.59 4 sin50 sin550 sin650 has the values equal to

(A)
31
(B*)
31
(C)
31
(D)
d
3 3 1 i
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[Sol. 0 0
2[2sin5 sin55 ] sin650

 2[cos500 – cos600]sin650
 2cos500 sin650 – sin650
3 1
 sin(1150) + sin150 – sin650 = Ans]
2 2

Q.60 If x, y and z are the distances of incentre from the vertices of the triangle ABC respectively then
a bc
x y z is equal to
A A A A
(A)  tan 2 (B*)  cot 2 (C)  tan 2 (D)  sin 2
[Similar to 48]
A
[Sol. x = r cosec
2
 B C
a = r  cot  cot 
 2 2

A A
. cos sin
a  B C A 2 2
  cot  cot  . sin = B C
x  2 2 2 sin . sin
2 2

A B C
cos . cos . cos
abc 2 2 2 A B C

 xyz A B C = cot . cot . cot
sin sin . sin 2 2 2
2 2 2
A A
In a triangle  cot 2 =  cot 2 ]

Q.61 The medians of a  ABC are 9 cm, 12 cm and 15 cm respectively . Then the area of the triangle is
(A) 96 sq cm (B) 84 sq cm (C*) 72 sq cm (D) 60 sq cm
[Hint : Produce the median AM to D such that
GM = MD . Join D to B and C . Now GBDC
is a parallelogram . Note that the sides of the
 GDC are 6, 8, 10 GDC = 90º
 12 . 8
Area of  ADC  2
 48

3.8
Area of  MDC  2  12 

 Area of  AMC = 36
 Area of  ABC = 72 cm2 ]

n x x x  3
Q.62 If x = , satisfies the equation sin  cos = 1  sin x & the inequality   , then:
2 2 2 2 2 4
(A) n = 1, 0, 3, 5 (B*) n = 1, 2, 4, 5
(C) n = 0, 2, 4 (D) n = 1, 1, 3, 5
x  3
[Sol.   possible x are
2 2 4

3 x  3   3 5
     ,0, , , ,2,
4 2 2 4 2 2 2 2
 x 5 x x x x
   sin  cos  (sin  cos ) 2
4 2 4 2 2 2 2
 5 x x
 x factors sin  cos  0
2 4 2 2
x x
or sin  cos  1
2 2
only circled angle satisfy one of the above equation when n = 1, 2, 4, 5 ]

F
G  IJF
G 3 I F
1  cos JG
5 I F
1  cos JG
7 I
1  cos Jis
Q.63 H
The value of 1  cos
9 KH 9 KH 9 KH 9 K
9 10 12 5
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
16 16 16 16
3 3
[Sol. E= (1 + cos200) (1 + cos1000) (1 + cos1400) = 2 cos2100 . 2cos2500 . 2 cos2700
2 2
3 9
= 12(cos100 cos500 cos700)2 = 12 × = Ans:]
64 16

Q.64 The number of all possible triplets (a1 , a2 , a3) such that a1+ a2 cos 2x + a3 sin² x = 0 for all x is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D*) infinite

Q.65 In a ABC, a semicircle is inscribed, whose diameter lies on the side c. Then the radius of the semicircle
is
2 2 2 c
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
ab a bc s 2
Where  is the area of the triangle ABC.
 1 1 1
[ Hint: r a  r b  a b sin C
2 2 2
r (a + b) = 2 
2
r= ]
ab

Q.66 For each natural number k , let Ck denotes the circle with radius k centimeters and centre at the origin.
On the circle Ck , a particle moves k centimeters in the counter- clockwise direction. After completing its
motion on Ck , the particle moves to Ck+1 in the radial direction. The motion of the particle continues in
this manner .The particle starts at (1, 0).If the particle crosses the positive direction of the x- axis for the
first time on the circle Cn then n equal to
(A) 6 (B*) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9
[Hint: Total distance travelled = 35 cm; displacement at the instant it crosses the +ve x-axis first time is 6cm
Angular displacement on each circle is 1 radian.]

cos A cos B cos C

Q.67 If in a  ABC,   then the triangle is
a b c
(A) right angled (B) isosceles (C*) equilateral (D) obtuse
cos A cos B cos C
[Hint :    tanA = tanB = tanC  A = B = C  (C) ]
2R sin A 2R sin B 2R sin C

Q.68 If cos A + cosB + 2cosC = 2 then the sides of the  ABC are in
(A*) A.P. (B) G.P (C) H.P. (D) none
C AB AB C
[Hint : cosA + cosB = 2(1-cosC) = 4 sin2 or 2cos cos = 4sin2
2 2 2 2
AB C C A-B C C
or cos = 2sin or 2cos cos = 4sin cos = 2sinC
2 2 2 2 2 2
A+B A-B
2sin cos = 2sinC or sinA + sinB = 2sinC  a, c, b are in A.P.. ]
2 2

Q.69 If A and B are complimentary angles, then :

 A  B  A  B
(A*) 1  tan  1  tan  = 2 (B) 1  cot  1  cot  = 2
 2  2  2  2

A B  A  B
(C) 1  sec  1  cos ec  = 2 (D) 1  tan  1  tan  = 2
 2  2  2  2

A  B
[Sol. A = /2 – B   
2 4 2
1 tan B / 2 2
Hence 1 + tanA/2 = 1 + = Hence A is correct ]
1 tan B / 2 1  tan B
2
Q.70 The value of , 3 cosec 20°  sec 20° is :
2 sin 20 4 sin 20
(A) 2 (B) sin 40 (C*) 4 (D) sin 40

 3
2  cos 200  sin 20 0
 sin 800  sin 40 0  sin 200
3

1  2 
[Sol. = =
sin 200 cos 200 sin 40 0 sin 40 0
2 2

2 sin 300 cos 500  sin 400

= 4]
sin 400
2
Q.71 If in a  ABC, cosA·cosB + sinA sinB sin2C = 1 then, the statement which is incorrect, is
(A)  ABC is isosceles but not right angled (B)  ABC is acute angled

(C*)  ABC is right angled (D) least angle of the triangle is
4
1  cos A cos B 3 
[Hint : sin 2C =  1 . Now proceed A = B = and C =
sin A sin B 8 4
1  cos (A – B)  cos(A – B) = 1  A = B ]

   2 0.25sincosx2x 4  + 1 = 0, is
2 
tan x  
Q.72 The set of values of x satisfying the equation, 2 4 :
(A*) an empty set (B) a singleton
(C) a set containing two values (D) an infinite set

[Hint : simplifies to 2 
tan x  
4  = 1  x = /4 which is not possible ]

Q.73 The product of the arithmetic mean of the lengths of the sides of a triangle and harmonic mean of the
lengths of the altitudes of the triangle is equal to :
(A)  (B*) 2  (C) 3  (D) 4 
[ where  is the area of the triangle ABC ]
1 1 1 abc a bc 3
[ Hint : a h1 = b h2 = c h3 = 2     =  ·  2 ]
h1 h 2 h 3 2 3 1 1 1
 
h1 h 2 h 3

Q.74 If in a triangle sin A : sin C = sin (A  B) : sin (B  C) then a2 : b2 : c2

(A*) are in A.P. (B) are in G.P.
(C) are in H.P. (D) none of these

sin A sin( A  B)
[Sol. 
sin C sin( B  C)
sin( B  C) sin( A  B)

sin( A  B) sin( B  C)
sin2B – sin2C = sin2A – sin2B
  2b2 = a2 + c2 Þ a2, b2, c2 are in A.P. ]
5
Q.75 The number of solution of the equation,  cos(r x) = 0 lying in (0, p) is :
r 1
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C*) 5 (D) more than 5
[Hint : cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x + cos 4x + cos 5 x = 0
2 cos 3x cos 2x + 2 cos 3x cos x + cos 3x = 0
cos 3x [2 cos 2x + 2 cos x – 1] = 0
  3 5
x = (2n – 1)  , , =3 
6 6 6 6
 =5

1 2 
2nd equation gives cos x = =2
4
a
Q.76 If  = 3  and sin  = . The value of the expression , a cosec  b sec  is
a  b2
2

1
(A) (B*) 2 a 2  b 2 (C) a + b (D) none
a  b2
2

a b
[Sol. a cosec – bsec = 
sin  cos 

a 2  b2  a b 
 2 cos   sin 
sin  cos   a  b 2 a 2  b2 

a
Now sin3 = gives
a 2  b2

 sin 3 cos   cos 3 sin  

 a 2  b2   = 2 a 2  b 2 Ans ]
 sin  cos  

10 10 10 10
Q.78 The value of cot 7 + tan 67 – cot 67 – tan7 is :
2 2 2 2
(A) a rational number (B*) irrational number (C) 2(3 + 2 3 ) (D) 2 (3 – 3 )

2 cos A cos B 2 cos C a b

Q.79 If in a triangle ABC     then the value of the angle A is :
a b c b c ca

   
(A) (B) (C) (D*)
8 4 3 2

Q.80 The value of the expression (sinx + cosecx)2 + (cosx + secx)2 – ( tanx + cotx)2 wherever defined is
equal to
(A) 0 (B*) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9
Q.81 If A = 5800 then which one of the following is true
A A
(A) 2 sin    1  sin A  1  sin A (B) 2 sin     1  sin A  1  sin A
2 2
A A
(C*) 2 sin     1  sin A  1  sin A (D) 2 sin    1  sin A  1  sin A
2 2

Q.82 With usual notations in a triangle ABC, if r1 = 2r2 = 2r3 then

(A) 4a = 3b (B) 3a = 2b (C*) 4b = 3a (D) 2a = 3b
[Sol. r1 = 2r2 = 2r3
 2 2
  ,
s a s b s c
now first two term together gives
s-b = 2s-2a = b + c -a
a  c b
=b+c-a => a + c -b = 2b + 2c - 2a
2
3a = 3b + c ....(1)
from last two terms
s - b = s -c  b = c ....(2)
from (1) & (2) 3a = 4b Ans. ]
x2  x 1 
Q.83 If tan  = 2 and tan  = 2 (x  0, 1), where 0 < ,  < , then tan
x  x 1 2x  2x  1 2
( + ) has the value equal to :
3
(A*) 1 (B) – 1 (C) 2 (D)
4
t 1
[Sol. x2 – x = t ; tan  = ; tan  =
t 1 2t  1
t 1
tan   tan   t (2 t  1)  t  1 2t 2  2t  1
t  1 2t  1
 tan ( + ) = 1  tan  tan  = t 1 = (2 t  1) ( t  1)  t = 2t 2  2t  1 = 1
1 .
t  1 2t  1
 tan ( + ) = 1 ]

 r1
Q.84 If r1, r2, r3 be the radii of excircles of the triangle ABC, then is equal to :
 r1r2
A A B A A
(A)  cot 2 (B)  cot 2 cot 2 (C*)  tan 2 (D)  tan 2
A
s  tan 2 A
[Hint : =  tan 2  C]
s2
Q.85 Minimum value of 8cos2x + 18sec2x  x  R wherever it is defined, is :
(A) 24 (B) 25 (C*) 26 (D) 18
[Sol. y = 8 cos2x + 18 sec2x
= 8 (cos2x + sec2x) + 10 sec2x
= 8 [ (cos x – sec x )2 + 2 ] + 10 sec2x
where cosx = secx  x=0
ymin = 16 + 10 = 26 Ans ]

 a2 b2 c 2  A B C
Q.86 In a ABC   
 sin A sin B sin C  . sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 simplifies to
 
 
(A) 2 (B*)  (C) (D)
2 4
where  is the area of the triangle
A
[Hint : 2R (a + b + c)  (sin
2
)
r
4Rs· = r s = ]
4R

Q.87 If  is eliminated from the equations x = a cos( – ) and y = b cos ( – ) then

x2 y2 2xy
2
 2
 cos(  ) is equal to
a b ab
(A) cos2 (  – ) (B*) sin2 ( – ) (C) sec2 (  – ) (D) cosec2 ( – )
[Sol. ( – ) = ( – ) – ( – )
cos( – ) = cos ( – ) cos ( – ) + sin ( – ) sin( – )

y x x2 y2
cos( – ) = .  1 2 . 1 2
b a a b
2
 xy   x2   y2 
  ab  cos(  )  1  2  1  
 b2 
 a   

x 2 y2 2 2 xy y2 x 2 x 2 y2
  cos (  )  cos(  ) = 1  2  2  2 2
a 2 b2 ab b a a b

x 2 y 2 2 xy
  2  cos(  ) = sin2 ( – ) ]
a2 b ab

Q.88 The general solution of the trigonometric equation

tan x + tan 2x + tan 3x = tan x · tan 2x · tan 3x is
 n
(A) x = n (B) n ± (C) x = 2n (D*) x =
3 3
where n  I
[Hint: tan x + tan 2x + tan 3x = tan 3x – tan 2x – tan x
 tan x + tan 2x = 0
 tan 2x = tan (– x)
 2x = n – x
n
x= , nI ]
3

Q.89 If logab + logbc + logca vanishes where a, b and c are positive reals different than unity then the value
of (logab)3 + (logbc)3 + (logca)3 is
(A*) an odd prime (B) an even prime
(C) an odd composite (D) an irrational number
[Hint: x + y + z = 0  3 3 3
x + y + z = 3xyz  3  (A) ]

Q.90 If the arcs of the same length in two circles S1 and S2 subtend angles 75° and 120° respectively at the
S
centre. The ratio 1 is equal to
S2
1 81 64 25
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
5 16 25 64

Q.91 Number of principal solution of the equation

tan 3x – tan 2x – tan x = 0, is
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C*) 7 (D) more than 7
 2 4 5
[Hint: 0, , 2, , , , as given expression = tan 3x tan 2x tan x ]
3 3 3 3

tan 2 20  sin 2 20

Q.92 The expression simplifies to
tan 2 20 ·sin 2 20
(A) a rational which is not integral (B) a surd
(C) a natural which is prime (D*) a natural which is not composite
[Hint: tan 20° – sin 20° = tan 20° (1 – cos 20°) = tan220° sin220°
2 2 2 2

Hence Nr = Dr  (D) ]

Q.93 The value of x that satisfies the relation

x = 1 – x + x2 – x3 + x4 – x5 + ......... 
(A) 2 cos36° (B) 2 cos144° (C*) 2 sin18° (D) none
1
[Hint: x =  x2 + x – 1 = 0
1 x
 1 5  1 5
x= or (rejected, think! )
2 2
 5 1
hence x =  4  · 2 = 2 sin18° ]
 
Select the correct alternatives : (More than one are correct)

Q.94 If sin  = sin  then sin =
3
      
(A*) sin (B*) sin    (C) sin    (D*)  sin   
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
[Sol. sin  = sin 
 = n +(–1)n
n=0 = sin/3 = sin/3  (A)
n=1  = – sin/3 = sin(/3–/3)  (B)
n = –1  = –– sin/3 = sin(–/3–/3) = –sin(/3+/3)  (D) ]

Q.95 Choose the INCORRECT statement(s).

   
1 1 1 1
(A)iii sin 82 . cos 37 and sin 127 . sin 97 have the same value.
2 2 2 2

3 3
(B*)v If tan A = & tan B = then tan (A  B) must be irrational.
4 3 4 3
(C*)viii The sign of the product sin 2 . sin 3 . sin 5 is positive.
(D*)xiv There exists a value of  between 0 & 2  which satisfies the equation ;
sin4  – sin2  – 1 = 0.
0 0 0 0
1 6 1
[Sol. (A) A= sin 82
1
2
. cos 37
1
2
= sin
165
2
. cos
75
2 2
0

0
= sin 120  sin 45 =
4 2

0 0
1 1 3 1  62
1
B= sin 127 . sin 97
2
1
2 2
0 0

= cos 30  cos 225 = 2  2  =
2 4 2
=  3 2
4

 A = B  True ]

tan A  tan B
(B) tan(A–B) = 1  tan A tan B

3 3

4 3
4 3
= 3. 3 =

3 4 34 3 
= 3/8  rational ]
1 16  3  3

4 3 4 3  
(C) [Sol. sin2 = + ; sin3 = + ; sin5 = – ]

1 5 1 5
(D) [Sol. sin2 =  sin2 = (not possible)
2 2
1 5
sin2 =  1  not possible ]
2
Q.96 Which of the following functions have the maximum value unity ?
sin 2x  cos 2x
(A*) sin2 x  cos2 x (B*)
2

sin 2x  cos 2x 6  1 sin x  1 cos x

(C*)  (D*)  
2 5  2 3 
Q.97 If the sides of a right angled triangle are {cos2cos2 + 2cos( + )} and
{sin2sin2 + 2sin( + )}, then the length of the hypotenuse is :
(A*) 2[1+cos()] (B) 2[1  cos()]
 
(C*) 4 cos2 (D) 4sin2
2 2

[Sol.

We have , BC = 2 cos(+) cos(–) + 2 cos(+)

   
= 4 cos(+) cos2  
 2 
   
AB = 4 sin(+) cos2  
 2 
   
AC = 4 cos2   Ans. ]
 2 

Q.98 An extreme value of 1 + 4 sin  + 3 cos  is :

(A)  3 (B*)  4 (C) 5 (D*) 6
[Sol. E = 1 + 4 sin  + 3 cos   Emax= 1+5 = 6 ; Emin = 1– 4 ]

5 99
Q.99 The sines of two angles of a triangle are equal to & . The cosine of the third angle is :
13 101
(A) 245/1313 (B*) 255/1313 (C*) 735/1313 (D) 765/1313

4 3 sin (  )  cos2  cos(  )

6
Q.100 It is known that sin  = & 0 <  <  then the value of is:
5 sin 

5
(A*) independent of  for all  in (0, /2) (B*) for tan  > 0
3

3 (7  24 cot  )
(C*) for tan  < 0 (D) none
15
5 3 (7  24 cot  )
[Hint : E reduces to for 0 <  < /2 & to for /2 <  < ]
3 15
Q.101 If x = sec  tan  & y = cosec + cot  then :
y 1 1 x y 1
(A) x = (B*) y = (C*) x = (D*) xy + x  y + 1 = 0
y 1 1 x y 1

1  sin  1  cos( / 2  )
[Sol. x=  = tan(/4–/2)
cos  sin(  / 2  )
 1  cos  2 cos 2  / 2
y=  = cot /2
sin  2 sin(  / 2) cos( / 2)

1  tan  / 2 cot  / 2  1 y  1
x= = cot  / 2  1  y  1  (C)
1  tan  / 2
x 1 y 1 y 1
Applying C/D  y  (B)
x  1 y 1  y 1
x 1
Also , y=  y – xy – x–1 = 0  (D) ]
1 x

Q.102 If 2 cos + sin = 1, then the value of 4 cos + 3sin is equal to

7
(A*) 3 (B) –5 (C*) (D) –4
5
3
[Hint: (2cos)2 = (1 – sin)2  5sin2 – 2sin– 3 = 0  sin = 1 or  , now proceed
5
3 4 4 4
If sin = 1  cos = 0  E = 3; if sin = –  cos = or – but cos – (think!)
5 5 5 5
7
hence E = ]
5
1 t
Q.103 If sin t + cos t = then tan is equal to :
5 2
1 1
(A) 1 (*B) – (C*) 2 (D) 
3 6
[Hint : sin t & cos t in tangent of half the angle  (3y + 1)(y  2) = 0  y = 2 or 1/3 where y = tan(t/2) ]

SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Select the correct alternative : (Only one is correct)

Q.1043/s&p If a, b, c be in A.P., b, c, d in G.P. & c, d, e in H.P., then a, c, e will be in :

(A) A.P. (B*) G.P. (C) H.P. (D) none of these
[Sol. a,b,c are in A.P.  2b = a+ c ....(1)
b,c,d are in G.P.  c2 = bd ....(2)
c,d,e are in H.P.  d = 2ce/c+e ....(3)
2
put (2) in (3) c /b = 2ce/c+e = c/b = 2e/c+e
 2c/(a+c) = 2e/c+e  c2 + ec = ae + ec  c2 = ae  a , c, e are in G.P.. ]

Q.1055/s&p If a, b, c are in H.P., then a, a  c, a  b are in :

(A) A.P. (B) G.P. (C*) H.P. (D) none of these
[Sol. a,b,c are in H.P.  b = 2ac/a+c
a, a – c, a – [ 2ac/(a+c) ]
a , a – c , [a(a – c)] / a+c  obviously neither an AP nor GP
1 1 ac
If it is H.P., then , , must be an AP which is True. ]
a a  c a (a  c )
Q.1066/s&p If three positive numbers a , b, c are in H.P. then e n ( a  c)  n ( a  2 b  c) simplifies to
(A*) (a – c)2 (B) zero (C) ( a – c) (D) 1
[Sol. b = 2ac/a+c
 4ac 
en (a c) ( a c )2b  = (exp) (a  c) a  c    (a  c) 2  4ac  ( a  c) 2 ]
 a c
 1
Q.1077/s&p The sum  2
r 1
is equal to :
r2
(A) 1 (B*) 3/4 (C) 4/3 (D) none

 1 1
[Sol. S= 2 =
r2 r 1 r 2 ( r  1) ( r  1)

1 1 1 1  3
Tr = =    S = ]
(r  1) (r  1) 2  r  1 r  1 4

Q.1089/s&p In a potato race , 8 potatoes are placed 6 metres apart on a straight line, the first being 6 metres from
the basket which is also placed in the same line. A contestant starts from the basket and puts one potato
at a time into the basket. Find the total distance he must run in order to finish the race.
(A) 420 (B) 210 (C*) 432 (D) none
n 8
[Hint: Here a = 2.6 , l = 2(6.8) = 96 ; S = ( a  l ) = (12  96) = 432 metres ]
2 2
3 2
Q.10913/s&p If the roots of the cubic x – px + qx – r = 0 are in G.P. then
(A*) q3 = p3r (B) p3 = q3r (C) pq = r (D) pr = q

[Hint: Let , ,  are the roots of the given cubic

1  2
 3 = r ;    1   = p ; + 2 + 2 = q
  

1 q q3
hence 2 ( +  + 1) = q ;  = , also 3 = r ;  = r  q3 = p3r ]
 p p3

Q.11014/s&p Along a road lies an odd number of stones placed at intervals of 10 m. These stones have to be
assembled around the middle stone. A person can carry only one stone at a time. A man carried out the
job starting with the stone in the middle, carrying stones in succession, thereby covering a distance of 4.8
km. Then the number of stones is
(A) 15 (B) 29 (C*) 31 (D) 35
[Hint: Let there be 2n + 1 stones ; i.e. n stones on each side of the middle stone. The man will run 20 m, to pick
pick up the first stone and return, 40 m. for the second stone and so on. So he runs
(n/2) (2 × 20 + (n – 1)20) = 10n(n + 1) meters to pick up the stones on one side, and hence
20 n(n + 1) m , to pick up all the stones.
 20n (n + 1) = 4800 , or n = 15.
 there are 2n + 1 = 31 stones ]
Q.11119/s&p If log (5. 2x 1) 2 ; log ( 21 x 1) 4 and 1 are in Harmonical Progression then
(A) x is a positive real (B*) x is a negative real
(C) x is rational which is not integral (D) x is an integer
 log 2
2. .1
ac log 4 log(5.2 x  1)
[Sol. a , b, c are in H.P.  b   =
a c log( 21 x  1) log 2
1
log(5.2 x  1)
2 log 2
2 log 2 log(5.2  1) [log 2  log(5.2 x  1)
x


log 21 x  1 =
log(5.2 x  1)
10. t +2 = 2/t + 1  10 t2 + 2t = 2 + t ( 2x = t )
10 t2 + t – 2 = 0
10t2 + 5t – 4t – 2 = 0
5t (2t–1) – 2(2t+1) = 0  t = 2/5 , –1/2 (rejected)
x log2 = log 2/5  2x = 2/5
x log22 = 1 – log25
x = 1 – log25 ]

Q.11234/s&p If a, b, c are in G.P., then the equations, ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 & dx2 + 2ex + f = 0 have a common root,
d e f
if , , are in :
a b c
(A*) A.P. (B) G.P. (C) H.P. (D) none
[Sol. a, b, c are in G.P.  b2 = ac
Discriminant of ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 is 4b2 – 4ac = 4ac – 4ac = 0
2b b
 roots are coincident and = – =–
2a a
b
This must be the common root. Hence x = – must satisfy dx2 + 2cx + f = 0
a

Q.11335/s&p If the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation, ax2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to sum of the squares of
a b c
their reciprocals, then , , are in :
c a b
(A) A.P. (B) G.P. (C*) H.P. (D) none
[Sol. 2
Let the roots of the equation are ax + bx + c = 0 
1 1 (   ) 2  2
  
 2 2  2 2

(  ) ( ) 2  (  ) 2  2
2 2
 b   c  b 2c
   2  
 a   a  a
2
a
– bc2 = ab2 – 2a2c
ab 2  bc 2  2a 2 c
abc
 ( Dividing by abc)
 b c
b c 2a  b a c
  a
c a b
or c a 
c
, , are in A.P.  result
b a
]
b 2
Q.11436/s&p If for an A.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,.... , an ,....
a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12 and a1 a2 a3 = 8
then the value of a2 + a4 + a6 equals
(A) – 12 (B) – 16 (C) – 18 (D*) – 21

[ Hint: Let the 1st 5 terms of the A.P. are

a – 2d , a – d , a , a + d , a + 2d
now a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12
 3a = – 12  a=–4
also a1. a2. a3 = 8
(a – 2d) ( a – d)a = 8
– 4 (– 4 – 2d) (– 4 – d) = 8  d = – 3
Hence the A.P. is 2 , – 1 , – 4, – 7, 10, – 13 ,......
Hence a2 + a4 + a6 = – 21 ]

Q.11537/s&p Given four positive number in A.P. If 5 , 6 , 9 and 15 are added respectively to these numbers , we
get a G.P. , then which of the following holds?
(A*) the common ratio of G.P. is 3/2
(B) common ratio of G.P. is 2/3
(C) common difference of the A.P. is 3/2
(D) common difference of the A.P. is 2/3
[Sol. Let the numbers be A1 , A2 , A3 , A4  A.P..
A2 – A1 = A3 – A2 = A4 – A3 = d
A1 + 5 , A2 +6 , A3 +9 , A4 + 15  G.P..
A 2  6 A 3  9 A 4  15
  r ;
A1  5 A 2  6 A3  9
3  A3  A2 6  A 4  A3 d3 d6
hence 1  A 2  A1 = 3  A3  A 2 or =
d 1 d3
On solving we get d = 3
r = 9/6 = 3/2 ]

Q.11640/s&p Consider an A.P. with first term 'a' and the common difference d. Let Sk denote the sum of the first
Skx
K terms. Let S is independent of x, then
x
(A*) a = d/2 (B) a = d (C) a = 2d (D) none
Kx
SKx 2 [2a  (Kx  1)]  2a  d  Kxd 

[Sol. Sx K = K 
[2a  (x  1)d]  2a  d  xd 
2

SKx  Kxd 
If 2a – d = 0 then S  K  xd  = K2 which is possible when a = d/2 ]
K  
Q.117118/s&p Concentric circles of radii 1, 2, 3......100 cms are drawn. The interior of the smallest circle is
coloured red and the angular regions are coloured alternately green and red, so that no two adjacent
regions are of the same colour. The total area of the green regions in sq. cm is equal to
(A) 1000 (B*) 5050 (C) 4950 (D) 5151
[Hint:    
[ r22  r12  r42  r32  ......  r100
2
 2
 r99 ]
 r2 – r1 = r4 – r3 = ........ = r100 – r99 = 1
=  [r1 + r2 + r3 + r4 + ...... + r100]
=  [1 + 2 + 3 + ....... + 100]
= 5050 sq. cm.]

Q.11845/s&p Consider the A.P. a1 , a2 ,..... , an ,....

the G.P. b1 , b2 ,....., bn ,.....
9
such that a1 = b1 = 1 ; a9 = b9 and  a r  369 then
r 1

(A) b6 = 27 (B*) b7 = 27 (C) b8 = 81 (D) b9 = 18

[ Hint: a1 = b1 = 1 ; a9 = 1 + 8d = bn = 1. r8
9
9 9
now  a r  2 (1  a 9 ) = (1  r )  369  r  3
8
r 1 2

 b7 = b. r6 = 1  3 6
= 27 ]

Q.11948/s&p For an increasing A.P. a1, a2, ...... an if a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12 : a1a3a5 = 80 then which of the following
does not hold?
(A) a1 = – 10 (B*) a2 = – 1 (C) a3 = – 4 (D) a5 = 2
[Sol. a1 + a3 + a5 = – 12
a + a + 2d + a + 4d = – 12 (d > 0)
a + 2d = – 4 ....(1)
a1a3a5 = 80
a(a + 2d)(a + 4d) = 80
or a(4) (–4 – 2d + 4d) = 20 from (1)
or (–4 – 2d) (– 4 + 2d) = 20  d=±3
 A.P. is increasing d = + 3 ; a = – 10
a1 = – 10 ; a2 = – 7 
a3 = a + 2d = – 10 + 6 = – 4   B

a5 = a + 4d = – 10 + 8 = – 2
Q.12055/s&p Consider a decreasing G.P. : g1, g2, g3, ...... gn ....... such that g1 + g2 + g3 = 13 and g12  g 22  g 32 =91
then which of the following does not hold?
(A) The greatest term of the G.P. is 9. (B) 3g4 = g3
(C*) g1 = 1 (D) g2 = 3
a
[Hint: G.P. : , a, ar, .........
r
1
a = 3 and r = or 3 (rejected)
3
 1
G.P. is 9, 3, 1, , ......  C is not correct.]
3

Q.12158/s&p If p , q, r in H.P. and p & r be different having same sign then the roots of the equation px2 + qx + r = 0
are
(A) real & equal (B) real & distinct (C) irrational (D*) imaginary
2
[Sol. D = q – 4pr
2
 2pr   pr   p 2  r 2  pr 

=   4 pr =  4 pr 1  2
  4 pr  2 

pr  (p  r )   (p  r ) 
 D  0 roots are imaginary ]

Q.122119/s&p The point A(x1, y1) ; B(x2, y2) and C(x3, y3) lie on the parabola y = 3x2. If x1, x2, x3 are in A.P. and
y1, y2, y3 are in G.P. then the common ratio of the G.P. is
(A*) 3 + 2 2 (B) 3 + 2 (C) 3 – 2 (D*) 3 – 2 2
[Sol. Let x1 = t – a ; y1 = 3(t – a)2
x2 = t ; y2 = 3t2
x3 = t + a ; y3 = 3(t + a)2
since y1, y2 and y3 are in G.P.
however 9t4 = 9(t – a)2(t + a)2
t2 = (t – a)(t + a) or – (t – a)(t + a)
2 2 2
t = t – a rejected as a  0
 t2 = a2 – t2
2t2 = a2  a= 2 t or – 2t

t2 t2 1 1
r= 2 = 2 = 2 = =3+ 2 2
(t  a) (t  2 t) ( 2  1) 3 2 2

if a=– 2 t then r = 3 – 2 2 ]

Q.12371/s&p If a, b, c are in A.P., then a2 (b + c) + b2 (c + a) + c2 (a + b) is equal to :

(a  b  c ) 3 2 3 1
(A) (B*) (a + b + c)3 (C) (a + b + c)3 (D) (a + b + c)3
8 9 10 9
[Hint: take a = 1, b = 2 and c = 3 and interpret]

1 1 2 1 2  3  ......  n
Q.12474/s&p If Sn = 3
 3 3 +...... + 3 3 3 , n = 1, 2, 3,...... Then Sn is not greater than:
1 1 2 1  2  3  ......  n 3
(A) 1/2 (B) 1 (C*) 2 (D) 4
1 1 2 1 2  3
[Sol. Sn = 3
 3 3  3 3 3  .............
1 1 2 1 2 3
1  2  3  4  5.............n
Tn =
13  23  33  ...........n 3
 n (n  1)
2 2 1 1 
= 2
  Sn = 2   n  n  1  ]
 n (n  1)  n (n  1)  
 2 

Q.12580/s&p If Sn denotes the sum of the first n terms of a G.P. , with the first term and the common ratio both
positive, then
(A) Sn , S2n , S3n form a G.P.
(B*) Sn , S2n , – Sn , S3n , –S2n form a G.P.
(C) S2n – Sn , S3n – S2n , S3n – Sn form a G.P.
(D) S2n–Sn , S3n–S2n , S3n–Sn form a G.P.
[Sol. verify each alternate , (B) is the correct alternate.
a
from (B) option S 2 n  Sn  [r 2n  r n ]
r 1
a 3n 2 n
S3n  S2n  [r  r ]
r 1
S2 n  Sn 2  (Sn ) (S3n  S2n )
Put the values
R.H.S. = Sn (S3n – S2n ) ]

1 1. 3 1.3.5 1.3.5.7
Q.12685/s&p     ................ is equal to
2.4 2.4.6 2.4.6.8 2.4.6.8.10
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C*) (D) 1
4 3 2
1.3.5.........(2n  1)
[Sol. Tn = [2n + 2) – (2n + 1)]
2.4.6............2n (2n  2)
1.3.5.........(2n  1) 1.3.5.........(2n  1)(2n  1)
Tn = –
2.4.6............2n 2.4.6............2n (2n  2)

1 1.3.5.........(2n  1) 1
 Sn =  Tn = – Note that S = ]
2 2.4.6............2n (2n  2) 2

Q.12798/s&p Consider an A.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,......... such that a3 + a5 + a8 = 11 and a4 + a2 = –2, then the value of
a1 + a6 + a7 is
(A) –8 (B) 5 (C*) 7 (D) 9
[Sol. given : a3 + a5 + a8 = 11
a + 2d + a + 4d + a + 7d = 11
3a + 13d = 11 ....(1)
given : a4 + a2 = –2
a + 3d + a + d = –2
a = – 1 – 2d ....(2)
put (2) in (1)
3(–1–2d) + 13d = 11  7d = 14  d = 2 and a = – 5
 Now a1 + a6 + a7
 a + a+5d + a + 6d
 3a + 11d  3(–5)+11(2)
= –15+22 = 7 Ans: ]

Q.12899/s&p A circle of radius r is inscribed in a square. The mid points of sides of the square have been
connected by line segment and a new square resulted. The sides of the resulting square were also
connected by segments so that a new square was obtained and so on, then the radius of the circle
inscribed in the nth square is
 1 n   33n   n    5 3n 
2
(A*)  2  r (B) 2 2  r 2
(C)  2  r (D)  2
2
r
       
[Sol. Side of square S1 = 2r
side of square S2= r 2
2 1 21
2r  1   1 
=   = 2r  
2  2  2
31 2
 1   1 
side of square S3 = 2r   = 2r  
 2  2
and so on ,
n 1
 1 
n 1  1   1 n 
 2  2 
side of square Sn = 2r  ;  radius = r 2  = 2 
r
 2    
and so on,
 1 n 
 2 
side of square Sn = r 2  
1 / 2 n 1 = r 2  ]
 

2k  2
Q.129103/s&p The sum  k
equal to
k 1 3
(A) 12 (B*) 8 (C) 6 (D) 4

 k  2  2  2  2 3   23 
2 4         ....... = 4
[Hint: S = 4    = 3  =8]
 3 3  1  (2 3) 
k 1  3 

2n 2

Q.130104/s&p The sum 5  n  2 is equal to
n 1 4
(A) 1372 (B) 440 (C*) 320 (D) 388
n
2 n ·2 2 1
n 
1
[Sol. Tn = n  2 =   · 16 · 4 ;  S = 320    = 320]
4 ·4 2 n 1  2 
Q.131106/s&p Given am+n = A ; am–n = B as the terms of the G.P. a1 , a2 , a3 ,............. then for A  0 which of the
following holds?
(A*) a m  AB (B) a n  2 n A n Bn
m 2  m  n  mn m 2 m  n  n 2
A A
(C) a m  a1   (D) a n  a1    mn
mn

 B B
[Sol. a1Rm+n–1 = A ....(1)
a1Rm–n–1 =B ....(2)
Dividing from (1) and (2) we get
Rm+n–1–m+n+1 = A/B
1/ 2 n
A
R = 
B
n  m 1 m  n 1
A A
a1 = = = A 2n . B 2 n
R m  n 1 m  n 1
A 2n
 
 B
now am = a1Rm–1
m 1
n  m 1 m  n 1
2 n A 2n
= A . B 2n  
B
A1 / 2 . B1 / 2  AB  (A) ]

22 32 4 2 52 6 2
Q.132114/s&p The sum of the infinite series, 12   2  3  4  5 +........ is :
5 5 5 5 5
1 25 25 125
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
2 24 54 252