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    Lifestyle and Everyday Life in The Kádár Era

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    Dorka Ligeti
    The document summarizes lifestyle and everyday life in Hungary during the Kádár era from 1956 to 1989. Key aspects include: János Kádár leading the country after the 1956 revolution and establishing a compromise that allowed some political neutrality and private economic activity; increasing living standards through home ownership, consumer goods, and education; but also government control over travel, censorship, and designation of some citizens as undesirable if they avoided work. Toward the end of the era in the 1980s, an economic crisis decreased standards of living and revealed flaws in the communist system that ultimately led to a change in the regime in 1989.

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    Lifestyle and Everyday Life in The Kádár Era

    Uploaded by

    Dorka Ligeti
    11 views3 pages
    The document summarizes lifestyle and everyday life in Hungary during the Kádár era from 1956 to 1989. Key aspects include: János Kádár leading the country after the 1956 revolution and establishing a compromise that allowed some political neutrality and private economic activity; increasing living standards through home ownership, consumer goods, and education; but also government control over travel, censorship, and designation of some citizens as undesirable if they avoided work. Toward the end of the era in the 1980s, an economic crisis decreased standards of living and revealed flaws in the communist system that ultimately led to a change in the regime in 1989.

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    5. Lifestyle and Everyday Life in the Kádár Era

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    The document summarizes lifestyle and everyday life in Hungary during the Kádár era from 1956 to 1989. Key aspects include: János Kádár leading the country after the 1956 revolution and establishing a compromise that allowed some political neutrality and private economic activity; increasing living standards through home ownership, consumer goods, and education; but also government control over travel, censorship, and designation of some citizens as undesirable if they avoided work. Toward the end of the era in the 1980s, an economic crisis decreased standards of living and revealed flaws in the communist system that ultimately led to a change in the regime in 1989.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    11 views3 pages

    Lifestyle and Everyday Life in The Kádár Era

    Uploaded by

    Dorka Ligeti
    The document summarizes lifestyle and everyday life in Hungary during the Kádár era from 1956 to 1989. Key aspects include: János Kádár leading the country after the 1956 revolution and establishing a compromise that allowed some political neutrality and private economic activity; increasing living standards through home ownership, consumer goods, and education; but also government control over travel, censorship, and designation of some citizens as undesirable if they avoided work. Toward the end of the era in the 1980s, an economic crisis decreased standards of living and revealed flaws in the communist system that ultimately led to a change in the regime in 1989.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    LIFESTYLE AND EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE KÁDÁR ERA

    After the Revolution:

     reparations done by the MSZMP (Hungarian Socialist Worker’s Party) under the leadership
    of János Kádár (’56 was declared a counter-revolution
     the Kádár era lasted from 1956 to 1989 (until the change of regime)
     Kádár was a communist, but not a Stalinist
     he favoured no personal cult
     „who is not against us, is beside us”  political neutrality was tolerated
     „whoever works quietly will be left alone”  compromise between the Kádár-regime
    and the people
     trade unions
     KISZ (Communist Youth Alliance)
     from 1959 – agricultural cooperatives were set up using force, blackmailing or empty
    promises
     people were now allowed to produce individually besides working for coopers (háztáji)
     modernisation in agriculture  mechanisation
     consequence: production increased, market was more diverse
     heavy industry was still in focus
     more women started working
     1963 – public amnesty for ’56

    Society, Demography, Culture:

     everyone had to work (those who avoided working, were the KMK – Közveszélyes
    Munkakerülő – and if they were caught they were put to work immediately)
     tertiary sector (commerce, services, state occupations) started increasing
     peasantry started to disappear
     urbanisation
     living standards increased
     consumation of basic foods increased e.g. meat, eggs, sugar, fat
     people could now afford to buy different consumer goods e.g. radio, tv, fridge,
    washing machine, car
     no big differences in salary, it was quite balanced
     new flats were built (low quality, small, good for the changing family model, promoted
    urbanisation)
     tourism – Balaton, vacations
     pension system, family benefits and other financial aids
     1967 – GYES introduced to promote having children
     education:
     free kindergarten
     compulsory elementary education
     vocational schools, high schools promoted
     intellectuality increased
     control of the citizens:
     travelling abroad was restricted (two types of passports)
     TTT (supported, tolerated, banned)
     self-censorship
    LIFESTYLE AND EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE KÁDÁR ERA
    LIFESTYLE AND EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE KÁDÁR ERA

    Economic crisis:

     decrease of living standards  moonlighting became the only option to supplement the
    income
     overburdened life:
     increase number of divorce, alcoholics, suicides
     neglect of children
     deterioration of health
     population decrease

     the system’s faults started showing, leaving only one solution behind: the change of the
    regime

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