Standard STD 417-0003

Volvo Group

Issue date January 2021 Issue 4 Page 1 (6)

The English language version is the original and the reference in case of dispute.

Engine oil 97488

Orientation
This issue differs from issue 3 in that section 4 “Other Volvo Group requirements” has been added.

Contents
1 Scope and field of application ......................................................................................................... 1
2 Requirements .................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Bench tests .......................................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Engine tests ......................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Additional requirements ................................................................................................................... 6
4 Other Volvo Group requirements .................................................................................................... 6
5 Environmental aspects 4) .................................................................................................................. 6
6 Approvals ........................................................................................................................................... 6
7 Footnotes ........................................................................................................................................... 6

1 Scope and field of application

Engine oil intended for factory fill and service fill of medium- and heavy-duty diesel engines. Engine oils
that comply with this Volvo Group standard will be approved as Volvo VDS-4.5, Mack EOS-4.5 and
Renault RLD-3.

2 Requirements
Pertinent guidelines for formulation changes and Base Oil Interchange (BOI) will normally be applied as
well as viscosity grade read-across (VGRA) rules. However, the Volvo Group reserves the right to make
exceptions. Multiple Test Acceptance Criteria (MTAC) apply if multiple test limits are given.

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27
 Standard STD 417-0003
Volvo Group

Issue 4 Page 2 (6)

2.1 Bench tests

Table 1
Property Unit Engine oil 97488 Test method
97488-10 97488-15
Density kg/m3 Report Report ASTM D 1298
Flash point COC °C Report Report ASTM D 92
Pour point °C Report Report ASTM D 97
Viscosity grade SAE xW-30 SAE xW-40 SAE J300
Viscosity at 100 °C mm2/s (cSt) min 9,3 12,5 ASTM D 445
max 12,5 16,3
Viscosity at 40 °C mm2/s (cSt) To be stated To be stated ASTM D 445

Viscosity at 100 °C after shearing mm2/s (cSt) min 9,3 12,5 ASTM D 7109
(90 cycles)
Low-temperature cranking viscosity mPas (cP) max Acc. to SAE J 300 Acc. to SAE J 300 ASTM D 5293
(CCS)
Low-temperature pumping viscosity mPas (cP) max Acc. to SAE J 300 Acc. to SAE J 300 ASTM D 4684
(MRV)
Viscosity at high temperature and mPas (cP) min Report Report ASTM D 4683
high shear rate (HTHS) or
CEC L-36-A-97
HTHS after shear by mPas (cP) min 3,4 3,9 ASTM D 4683
ASTM D7109 (90 cycles) or
CEC L-36-A-97
Base oil viscosity at 100 °C 1) mm2/s(cSt) min Report Report ASTM D 445
Evaporative loss (Noack) % max 13 13 ASTM D5800
or
CEC L-40-A-93
Sulphated ash % w/w max 1,0 1,0 ASTM D 874
Phosphorus % w/w max 0,12 0,12 ASTM D 4951
Sulphur % w/w max 0,4 0,4 ASTM D 4951
Foaming tendency ASTM D 892
Sequence I ml/ml max 10/0 10/0
Sequence II ml/ml max 20/0 20/0
Sequence III ml/ml max 10/0 10/0
Corrosion Cu, ppm max 20 20 ASTM D 6594
Pb, ppm max 120 120
Cu strip max 3 3

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27
 Standard STD 417-0003
Volvo Group

Issue 4 Page 3 (6)

Property Unit Engine oil 97488 Test method

97488-10 97488-15
Low-temperature pumpability CEC L-105
MRV mPas max According to According to
Yield stress Pa max SAE J300 SAE J300
Oxidation stability CEC L-109
Viscosity increase % max 130 130
PAI A/cm max 80 80
Mack T11A used MRV TP-1
180 hour drain MRV mPas max 18 000 18 000
MRV yield stress Pa max 35 35
Seal compatibility 2) ASTM D 7216
Nitrile
Volume % +5/-3 +5/-3
Hardness Points +7/-5 +7/-5
Tensile strength % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006
Elongation at break % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006

Silicone
Volume % +TMC 1006/-3 +TMC 1006/-3
Hardness Points +5/-TMC 1006 +5/-TMC 1006
Tensile strength % +10/-45 +10/-45
Elongation at break % +20/-30 +20/-30

Polyacrylate
Volume % +5/-3 +5/-3
Hardness Points +8/-5 +8/-5
Tensile strength % +18/-15 +18/-15
Elongation at break % +10/-35 +10/-35

FKM
Volume % +5/-2 +5/-2
Hardness Points +7/-5 +7/-5
Tensile strength % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006
Elongation at break % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006

Vamac G
Volume % +TMC 1006/-3 +TMC 1006/-3
Hardness Points +5/-TMC 1006 +5/-TMC 1006
Tensile strength % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006
Elongation at break % +10/-TMC 1006 +10/-TMC 1006

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27
 Standard STD 417-0003
Volvo Group

Issue 4 Page 4 (6)

Property Unit Engine oil 97488 Test method

97488-10 97488-15
Seal compatibility 2) CEC L-112-16
RE6
Volume % +1.8/-1.5 +1.8/-1.5
Tensile strength % Report Report
Elongation at break % +20/-70 +20/-70

RE7
Volume % +7.7/-1.8 +7.7/-1.8
Tensile strength % Report Report
Elongation at break % +15/-65 +15/-65

RE8
Volume % +10.7/0.0 +10.7/0.0
Tensile strength % Report Report
Elongation at break % +9/-51 +9/-51

RE9
Volume % +13.8/-1.5 +13.8/-1.5
Tensile strength % Report Report
Elongation at break % +19/-65 +19/-65

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27
 Standard STD 417-0003
Volvo Group

Issue 4 Page 5 (6)

2.2 Engine tests

Table 2
Property Unit Engine oil 97488 Test method
97488-10 97488-15
Cummins ISM EGR ASTM D 7468
Merit min 1000 1000
Cross head wt loss at 3,9 % soot mg max 7,1 7,1
OFDP at 150 h kPa max 19 19
Avg. engine sludge Merit min 8,7 8,7
Avg. VAS wt loss at 3,9 % soot mg max 45 45
Cummins ISB EGR ASTM D 7484
Avg. slider tappet wt. loss mg max 100/108/112 100/108/112
Avg. cam lobe wear µm max 50/53/55 50/53/55
Avg. crosshead wt. loss mg max R&R R&R
Mack T11 ASTM D 7156
TGA soot at 4,0 cSt increase % min 3,5/3,4/3,3 3,5/3,4/3,3
TGA soot at 12,0 cSt increase % min 6,0/5,9/5,9 6,0/5,9/5,9

Mack T12 ASTM D 7422

Cylinder liner wear m max 21.0 21.0
Top ring weight loss mg max 105 105
Δ lead 0–300 h ppm max Report Report
Δ lead 250–300 h ppm max Report Report
Oil consumption g/h max Report Report
T13 ASTM D8048
Kv 40 increase (300–360h) % max 50 50
Oxidation peak height A/cm max 80 80
Nitration A/cm max Report Report
Δ Lead ppm max Report Report
Average oil consumption
(average 48–192 hours) g/h max 40 40
CAT EOAT ASTM D8047
Aeration % max 11,8 11,8

D12D460 TC 415 3)
Piston deposits Merit min 40 40
Ring riding % max 50 50
Bore polish cm2 max 150 150
Oil consumption (400 h) g/h max 35 35
Oil consumption (final 100 h) g/h max 35 35

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27
 Standard STD 417-0003
Volvo Group

Issue 4 Page 6 (6)

3 Additional requirements
For final approval in accordance with this Volvo Group standard, all oils shall also meet the requirements
in at least one of the following specifications: ACEA E6, E9, API CJ-4 or API CK-4. Furthermore,
companies seeking approvals in accordance with this Volvo Group standard shall have signed the ATIEL
Letter of Conformance (see http://atiel.org/code-of-practice/letters-of-conformance), if an ACEA E6 or E9
claim is made and/or have a valid API license for the relevant product(s) if an API CJ-4 or CK-4 claim is
made.

4 Other Volvo Group requirements

Individual Volvo Group companies may state additional test requirements that shall be fulfilled.

5 Environmental aspects 4)
All chemical products used or sold by the Volvo Group shall be approved in Volvo’s internal health and
environmental assessment in accordance with STD 900-0008. This assessment covers all products used
in the Volvo Group’s facilities as well as all products sold by the Volvo Group as spare parts. Each
individual product accepted at this assessment is given a unique part number. The product shall comply
with applicable legislation in each country where the product is going to be used.

All changes (formulations, names, etc.) made to products which have been accepted in accordance with
the above shall be reported immediately to:

motiv@volvo.com
or the Volvo Group department that performed the assessment.

6 Approvals
Complete approval forms shall be submitted for each marketed product. Forms shall be submitted
electronically in Excel format to Function.lubricants@volvo.com. Forms are available at
https://www.volvogroup.com/en-en/suppliers/useful-links-and-documents/corporate-standards.html.

7 Footnotes
1) The base oil viscosity of the finished oil shall always be higher or equal to the base oil viscosity
of all test formulations used in the Mack T12, Cummins ISB and Cummins ISM tests.
2) Results from ASTM D7216 or CEC L-112-16 shall be provided. Additional requirements may
apply for factory-fill and Volvo Group-branded products. Specific to ASTM D7216: These are the
unadjusted specification limits. Candidate oils shall conform with adjusted limits. Seal results
shall be presented along with adjusted specification limits.
3) Test code for Volvo Powertrain Corp.
4) Applies only to factory-fill and Volvo Group-branded products.

© AB Volvo Group. All rights reserved. The Standard may not be used, reproduced, transmitted or made available
to a third party without prior written permission. Printed copies are uncontrolled. Print date: 2021-01-27