Name: _______________________________________________

 
 
 
 

Yr8 Week 23 Apply X1

 
Coasts Assessment
 
Date:
 
 
 
 
Time: 25 minutes
 
Total marks available: 20
 
Total marks achieved: ______
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Read the questions carefully and check the number of marks for each question.
Attempt all questions.
Read through and check your answers when you have finished.

 
Questions
Q1.
 
Answer the question with a cross in the box you think is correct . If you change your mind
about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .

Coastal environments

(i)  Identify a process of coastal erosion.

(1)
   Ф   abrasion
   B    beach
   C    fetch
   D    swash

(ii)  State one transportation process that occurs along a coastline.

(1)
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(Total for question = 2 marks)
 

Q2.
 
Coastal Environments.

(i)  Identify one erosional landform.

(1)

(ii)  State one type of mass movement that affects coastal landscapes.

(1)
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(iii)  Explain one type of mechanical weathering that occurs at the coast.

(2)
...... Freeze-thaw weathering. It occurs when rocks have holes and are permeable (water can pass
through them) because water enters the rocks and freezes... When the water turns to ice, ше causes a
large amount of pressure on the rock. This causes the crack in the rock to slowly widen until it splits and,
if freeze-thaw weathering repeats, it can cause a rock to break up into smaller
pieces......................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 4 marks)
 

Q3.
 
Coastal Environments.

Explain the formation of a headland.

(4)
....Headlands can be formed are formed when the sea attacks a section of the coast with horizontal
bands of hard and soft rock. The bands of soft rock, such as sand and clay, erode more quickly than
those of more resistant rock, such as chalk. This leaves a section of land jutting out into the sea called a
headland. Also, bays form where the waves erode soft rocks, but headlands are left as land that sticks out
into the water, while the rest of the coastline
retreats............................................................................................................................................

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(Total for question = 4 marks)
 

Q4.
 
Coastal environments

Study Figure 2b in the Resource Booklet.

Identify the landform labelled X.

(1)
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(Total for question = 1 mark)
 

Q5.
 
Coastal environments

Study Figure 2b below.

Figure 2b

A coastal landscape in East Yorkshire, England

Identify landform Y shown in Figure 2b.

(1)
........wavecut
platform.....................................................................................................................................

 
(Total for question = 1 mark)
 
Q6.
 
Coastal environments

Explain the formation of a spit.

(4)

1. A spit is an extended stretch of beach material that projects out to sea and is joined to the mainland
at one end. Spits are formed where the prevailing wind blows at an angle to the coastline, resulting in
longshore drift. Longshore drift moves material along the coastline in the direction of the prevailing
wind. The angled swash brings material onshore, while the backwash removes the material in a
straight line, perpendicular to the coastline. This continues in a zig-zag movement along the coast. If
the coast changes direction, the material will continue to be deposited in the original direction in a
shallow sea, so a spit is formed. In addition, a spit needs a constant supply of material, or it will be
removed by tides. Over time, the spit grows and develops a hook if the wind direction changes further
out. If the waves cannot get past a spit, a sheltered area is created where silt is deposited and mud
flats or salt marshes form.

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(Total for question = 4 marks)
 

Q7.
 
Coastal Environments

Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of coastal hard engineering strategies.
(4)
Advantage
 .....On one hand, some hard engineering such as building sea walls can provide employment places for people,

and gain income for the village/city.

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Disadvantage

............ On the other hand, most coastal engineering structures are expensive to build. For example, repairing
a sea wall can cost £3000, and building it costs between £5,000 and £10,000 per linear meter, which is very
expensive yet efficient.
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(Total for question = 4 marks)