Post-War World

1. The horrors of World War I shattered the Enlightenment belief that progress would continue and ________
would prevail.

2. During the postwar period, people began questioning _______________ beliefs.

3. As society became more open, women demanded more rights, and young people adopted new ________.

4. Albert Einstein changed physics with his ideas about space, time, matter, and _____________. His theory
of relativity said that as moving objects near the speed of light, space and time become relative.

5. Sigmund Freud believed that much of human behavior is _______________, or beyond reason. He called
the irrational part of the mind the ________________.

6. The brutality of World War I caused philosophers and writers to question accepted ideas about reason and
_______________.

7. New literary and artistic movements, such as ___________ and modernism, emerged during the postwar
years.

8. T. S. Eliot described the postwar world as a barren "wasteland," drained of hope and ________________.

9. Franz Kafka's novels, such as The Trial (1925) and The Castle (1926), feature people caught in
__________________ situations they can neither understand nor escape.

10. American writer Gertrude Stein called the American writers, musicians, and painters who left the United
States to live in Europe the "__________________ Generation."

11. Existentialism argues that there is no _____________ meaning to the world. Each person must give life
meaning through his or her own actions.

12. Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher of the late 1800s who said that reason, democracy, and
progress were ___________________ ideas. He urged people to adopt the values of pride and strength.

13. Which of the following art styles broke objects into geometric shapes?
A. Surrealism B. Cubism
C. Expressionism D. Realism

14. Surrealism sought to link the world of dreams with real life and was inspired by the ideas of which
influential figure?
A. Albert Einstein B. Sigmund Freud
C. Friedrich Nietzsche D. Pablo Picasso

15. Which artist created the famous painting "The Persistence of Memory"?
A. Pablo Picasso B. Salvador Dali
C. Paul Klee D. Franz Kafka
16. In his ballet masterpiece "The Rite of Spring," Russian composer Igor Stravinsky used:
A. Traditional harmonies and musical scales B. Irregular rhythms and dissonances
C. Geometric shapes and bold colors D. Dreamlike scenes and distorted lines

17. Which composer rejected traditional harmonies and musical scales in his work?
A. Igor Stravinsky B. Arnold Schoenberg
C. Paul Klee D. Salvador Dali

18. Jazz, a new popular musical style, emerged in the United States and was developed by musicians mainly
in which cities?
A. New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco B. New Orleans, Memphis, and Chicago
C. Atlanta, Houston, and Philadelphia D. Miami, Seattle, and Boston

19. Which famous jazz guitarist had his ring and little finger badly burned and fused together?
A. Louis Armstrong B. Django Reinhardt
C. Charlie Parker D. Duke Ellington

20. In what ways did young people break with the past and experiment with modernism and modernist values
during the 1920s?

21. How did women's clothing and career choices change during the 1920s, and what impact did this have on
society?

22. What was the significance of the 1918 letter from Mrs. J. H. Adams to the Bethlehem Baptist Association in
Chicago, and what does it reveal about the experiences of African Americans during this time?

23. What was the difference between European and Hollywood approaches to filmmaking during the 1920s,
and what role did Charlie Chaplin play in the Hollywood film industry?

24. True or False: By the late 1920s, European nations were rebuilding their war-torn economies with loans
from the prosperous United States.

25. True or False: The United States experienced a severe economic downturn after World War I.
26. True or False: Coalition governments were formed when one political party had the majority and could rule
alone.

27. True or False: The Weimar Republic was Germany's new democratic government, set up in 1919 and
named after the city where the national assembly met.

28. True or False: Germany had a strong democratic tradition before the establishment of the Weimar
Republic.

29. True or False: After World War I, Germany experienced severe hyperinflation, causing the value of the
mark to fall sharply.

30. True or False: France and Germany signed a treaty promising never to attack one another after World War
I.

31. True or False: The United States was a founding member of the League of Nations and actively
participated in its efforts to maintain peace.

32. Why did many Germans resent the terms of the Versailles Treaty?

33. What were some of the economic and social issues faced by Germany during the Great Depression?

34. What did Winston Churchill observe about Germany's actions that went against the terms of the Versailles
Treaty?

35. Did the economic boom in the United States during the 1920s lead to a balanced distribution of wealth?
(Yes/No)

36. Did the Great Depression begin after the stock prices in the United States plunged in 1929? (Yes/No)

37. Did countries raise tariffs during the Depression in an attempt to increase sales by local companies?
(Yes/No)

38. Did the U.S. choose to isolate itself from world economies in order to focus on fixing its own economy?
(Yes/No)

39. Did the multiparty government in Britain manage to slowly improve the economy and reduce
unemployment? (Yes/No)

40. Were the Scandinavian countries successful in addressing the economic crisis by building their recovery
programs on cooperative community action? (Yes/No)

41. Did Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal in the United States involve the government spending large amounts
of money on infrastructure projects to create jobs? (Yes/No)