Magnetic Field 1

Biot-Savart Law
 Jayant Nagda
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Magnetic Field
Oersted’s Experiment
Danish scientist Hans Christian Oersted observed
Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire

Right Hand Thumb Rule

Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire

Right Hand Thumb Rule

Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

Based on experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at

i
Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

Based on experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at

θ : angle between &

Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

Based on experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at

i
Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

Based on experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at

θ
μ0: Magnetic permeability
of vacuum or free space

measure of ability of the material

to allow magnetic field through it.
i
Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

Based on experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at

θ
: Current element

:Position vector of point P

where magnetic field is to
i be calculated (with
respect to current
element)
μ0: Magnetic permeability of
vacuum or free space
Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

i P

θ Another form
Magnetic Field due to a Current wire

or

i P

1 weber(unit of ΦB) = 1 T - m2
A wire carries a steady current of 50 A as shown.
Find the magnetic field caused by a 1 cm segment of
this wire at a point P1 which is 1 m away

A. 30 nT, In B. 50 nT, Out

C. 30 nT, Out D. 50 nT, In

P1
i
A wire carries a steady current of 50 A as shown. Find the
magnetic field caused by a 1 cm segment of this wire at a point
P2 which is 1 m away
A. 30 nT, In B. 50 nT, Out
C. 30 nT, Out D. 50 nT, In

P2

37o

i
Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire

Magnetic Field Lines are concentric circles around a Straight wire.

Direction given by Right Hand Thumb Rule.
Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire

Magnetic Field Lines are concentric circles around a Straight wire.

Direction given by Right Hand Thumb Rule.
Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire
Magnetic Field
Direction of Magnetic Field near a Current carrying wire

i
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

P
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

π-θ
P
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

π-θ
P
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

β
i

α
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

β
i

ፀ2
P
ፀ1

α
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

Case 1 Infinite Straight wire

∞

β
i

r P

∞
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

Case 1 Infinite Straight wire

∞

i
B
r P

r
∞
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

Case 1 Infinite Straight wire

∞

∞
Magnetic Field due to a Current carrying Straight wire

Case 2 Semi-infinite Straight wire

r P
Find direction & magnitude of Magnetic Field

∞ A.

B.
i

r C.
P

D.

∞
Find direction & magnitude of Magnetic Field

A.

i B.

∞ Left
C.
r

D. Right

P
An infinite wire carries a steady current of 10 A as shown. Find the
magnetic field caused by it at a point P which is 10cm away

∞ A. 15 μT, In
B. 20 μT, Out
C. 15 μT, Out

I = 10A D. 20 μT, In
10cm P

∞
A horizontal overhead powerline is at height of 4 m from the ground
and carries a current of 100 A from east to west. The magnetic field
directly below it on the ground is [Take μo = 4π x 10-7 T m A-1]

[IIT JEE - 2008]

A. 2.5 x 10-7 T southward

B. 5 x 10-6 T northward
C. 5 x 10-6 T southward
D. 2.5 x 10-7 T northward
 A finite current carrying wire is in the shape as shown is the figure.
The magnetic field at point P which is at L from wire will be:

A. B.

C. D.

45o

Ans: C
 A semi-infinite current carrying wire is in the shape as shown is the
figure. The magnetic field at point P which is at L from wire will be:

A. B.
45o
C. D.

Ans: C
 A finite current carrying wire is in the shape as shown in the figure.
The magnetic field at point P which is at L from wire will be:

A.

45o
B.

P
L C.

45o
D.

Ans: D
 A finite current carrying wire is in the shape as shown in the figure.
The magnetic field at point P which is at L from wire will be:

A.

P B.
L

C.

30o

D.

Ans: C
 Two very long, straight, and insulated wires are kept at 90° angle
from each other in xy-plane as shown in the figure. These wires
carry currents of equal magnitude I, whose directions are shown in
the figure. The net magnetic field at point P will be :

[JEE Main - 2019]

A. Zero

B.

C.

D.

Ans: A
 Two identical conducting wires AOB and COD are placed at right
angles to each other. The wire AOB carries an electric current I1 and
COD carries a current I2. The magnetic field on a point lying at a
distance d from O, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the
wires AOB and COD, will be given by
[JEE Main - 2007]

A.

B.

C.

D.

Ans: C
 The magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of an equilateral
triangular loop of side 1 m which is carrying a current of 10 A is :
[Take μo = 4π x 10-7 NA-2]
[JEE Main - 2019]

A. 18 μT
B. 9 μT
C. 3 μT
D. 1 μT

Ans: A
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