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02 WCDMA RNO RF Optimization
02 WCDMA RNO RF Optimization
RF Optimization
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Network Optimization Phases –
Flow Chart
New Site
RF Optimization
Integrated
Y
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3
Network Optimization Phases – Step 1
Objectives
To ensure there are no faults related to hardware
installation or parameter settings.
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Network Optimization Phases – Step 2
RF Optimization
Once most the sites in a given area are integrated and
verified, RF (or Cluster) optimization could begin.
Objectives
To optimize coverage while in the same time keeping
interference and pilot pollution under control over the
target area. This phase also includes the verification and
optimization of the 3G neighbor lists.
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Network Optimization Phases – Step 3
Services Testing & Parameters Optimization
To be conducted in areas of good RF conditions in order
to exclude any coverage issues. Such testing does not
need to be performed for each cell but the drive route
must include different clutter types and environments.
Objectives
To assess the performance and identify any need for
specific parameter optimization.
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Network Optimization Phases – Step 4
Regular Reference Route Testing & Stats Analysis
Constant monitoring and evaluation of the network
performance can be based on drive test as well as traffic
statistic analysis.
Objectives
To identify any new issues that could arise, for example,
as a result of increase in traffic or changes in the
environment.
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases
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RF Optimization - Preparation
Clutters
RF optimization should be carried out for groups or clusters of
sites rather than on single site basis, because the cells’
performance (capacity, coverage and quality) will influence each
other.
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RF Optimization - Preparation
Drive Routes
Cluster drive surveys should include the coverage areas of each cell
and all the major roads and streets as well as any other important
locations.
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RF Optimization - Preparation
Tools
DTI or Agilent scanner
GPS
*Support
WCDMA
1800/1900/2100M
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RF Optimization - Targets
Item Requirements Comments
Target ≥ - 85 dBm Corresponds to outdoor
CPICH RSCP
Minimum -95 dBm measurements.
Target ≥ -8 dB
CPICH Ec/Io Applicable for unloaded network.
Minimum - 14 dB
SHO Success rate Target >95 % For e1a, e1b & e1c
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 12
RF Optimization – Flow Chart
Drive
Drive Test
Test
Identify
Identify any
any RF
RF Issues
Issues
Identify
Identify candidate
candidate Identify
Identify nature
nature of
of Determine
Determine amount
amount
cells
cells for
for changes
changes required
required changes
changes of
of changes
changes
Implement
Implement changes
changes
Repeat
Repeat Drive
Drive Test
Test
N
Problem
Problem Resolved?
Resolved?
Y
Finish
Finish
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RF Optimization - Solutions
Antenna down tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna location
Antenna height
Antenna type
Site location
New site
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases
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RF Analysis Approaches – Cell Dominance
Cells with no dominance at all
A site was not radiating during the drive survey
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RF Analysis Approaches – Cell Dominance
Areas of non-dominance:
Areas where there is not a single clear dominant cell and
where the best server changes too frequently.
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RF Analysis Approaches – Cell
Dominance
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RF Analysis Approaches – CPICH
Coverage
Check areas of poor coverage, suggestion value as
below:
Good: RSCP ≥ -85 dBm
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RF Analysis Approaches – CPICH
Coverage
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RF Analysis Approaches –
Interference
CPICH Ec/Io Plot
Good: Ec/Io ≥ -8 dB
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RF Analysis Approaches –
Interference What’s the
-14 -90 problem?
-15 -15.5 -95
-16 -100
-104
-17 -105
-18 -110
-19 -115
-20 -120
Ec/Io RSCP
Because
Becausethe
theRSCP
RSCPLevel
LevelisisPOOR,
POOR,
the
thefundamental
fundamentalcause
causeofof low
lowEc/Io
Ec/Ioisis
POOR
POORCOVERAGE
COVERAGE
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 22
RF Analysis Approaches –
Interference
-14
-63
-60 What’s the
-15 -15.5 -65 problem?
-16 -70
-17 -75
-18 -80
-19 -85
-20 -90
Ec/Io RSCP
RSCP
RSCPlevel
levelisisGOOD,
GOOD,this
thiswill
willimply
imply
strong
strongSYSTEM
SYSTEMINTERFERENCE
INTERFERENCE
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RF Analysis Approaches –
Interference
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RF Analysis Approaches – UL
Coverage
Uplink Coverage (UE Tx Power)
High UE Tx power means possible poor uplink coverage.
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RF Analysis Approaches – UL
Coverage
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot
Pollution
Definition of Pilot Pollution:
Within a certain margin (which is called ThRSCP_Relative) to the
best server, and all the pilots should be > -100dBm
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot
Pollution
-60
-65 Margin
-70
RSCP (dBm)
-75 -62
-64 -66 -68 -69
-80
-85 -81
-90
SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot
Pollution
SC Count % in Pollution Set
8 206 12.9%
9 165 10.3%
10 157 9.8%
11 156 9.7% Should be investigated
12 148 9.2%
13 135 8.4%
16 95 5.9%
17 94 5.9%
18 76 4.7%
19 74 4.6%
20 73 4.6%
21 56 3.5%
32 54 3.4%
35 39 2.4%
37 33 2.1%
43 19 1.2%
48 8 0.5%
53 7 0.4%
67 3 0.2%
80 2 0.1%
130 2 0.1%
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 29
RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot
Pollution
Estimated Active Set Size
Another useful measure of pilot pollution is by looking at the
estimated active set based on the scanner data. This plot is
obtained by modeling the network soft handoff parameters
within Post process tool.
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RF Analysis Approaches – Pilot
Pollution
Estimated Active Set Size Example
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RF Analysis Approaches – Neighbor List
Neighbor List Verification
The neighbor list could be verified and optimized using the
Neighbor List Verification tool within Actix.
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RF Analysis Approaches – Neighbor List
Neighbor List Verification Example
Sample Sample
SC Cell Site Latitude Longitude Action Nbr SC %
Count Count
009 70548 Ajman Central 25.41204 55.447 576 Retain 018 82 14.2%
Retain 010 46 8.0%
Retain 016 31 5.4%
Retain 032 20 3.5%
Retain 011 18 3.1%
Add 130 17 3.0%
Retain 021 17 3.0%
Retain 008 12 2.1%
Retain 020 6 1.0%
Retain 012 5 0.9%
Retain 017 2 0.3%
Remove 053 0 0.0%
Remove 019 0 0.0%
Remove 034 0 0.0%
Remove 037 0 0.0%
Remove 013 0 0.0%
Remove 051 0 0.0%
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 33
RF Analysis Approaches – SHO
UE SHO Performance
The success rates for event 1a, 1b & 1c and can
be obtained from Post process tool
Number of Active Set Updates
Event Count
Event 1a - Cell Addition
328
Event 1b - Cell Removal
306
Event 1c - Cell Replacement
64
Event Count
Event 1a - Cell Addition
326
Event 1b - Cell Removal
305
Event 1c - Cell Replacement
62
Event Rate
Event 1a - Cell Addition
99.4
Event 1b - Cell Removal
99.7
Event 1c - Cell Replacement
96.9
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis - RF related issues :
Poor coverage (RSCP & Ec/Io)
Missing neighbors
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 1
Call Drop
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RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 2
Ec/Io
Ec/Io(and
(andRSCP)
RSCP)degrades
degradesfor
forUE
UEONLY
ONLY
while
whilescanner
scannershows
showsno
nodegradation
degradation
UE
UEcamp
campon onnew
newcell
cellimmediately
immediately
after
afterdrop,
drop,and
andUEUEdid
didnot
not
measure
measurethis
thiscell
cellbefore
beforeDrop
Drop
Call Drop
Check
Checkthe
theNeighbor
Neighbor
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 37
RF Analysis Approaches – Drop Call
Drop Call Analysis Example 3
Too
Toomany
manyandandtoo
tooquick
quickchanges
changes
ofofbest
bestserver
server
UE
UEto
toperform
performmeasurements
measurements
and
andSHO
SHOinintime
timedifficultly
difficultly
PingPong
PingPongHandover,
Handover,need
needto
to
improve
improvecell
celldominance
dominance
Call Drop
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 38
Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Coverage before Adjustment
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Coverage after
Adjustment
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Antenna Adjustment Example
RSCP Distribution
40.00%
35.00%
30.00%
25.00%
37.48%
20.00%
31.04%
30.27%
29.33%
25.98%
15.00%
20.31%
18.65%
10.00%
1.44%
0.02%
5.47%
5.00%
0.00%
-9 5 85 75 65 -65
o to- to- to- >
05t -9 5 -8 5 -7 5
-1
Before Adjustment After Adjustment
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Antenna Adjustment Example
Down Tilt from 4 to 6 Result
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Antenna Adjustment Example
Down Tilt from 4 to 8 Result
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Drop Call Distribution
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Drop Call Analysis Example
There are total 5 drop calls in the plot.
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Drop Call Analysis Example
CPICH RSCP and Ec/Io before the Call Drop
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Drop Call Analysis Example
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Best server before and after the Call Drop
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Comparing the best servers from the UE and the scanner
at the time of drop:
Drop Call 1 (UE vs. scanner best server) shows that for the
scanner and UE SC008 is the best server prior to the drop.
However, about 30 seconds before the drop, the scanner
selected SC018 as the best server while the UE continued
to have only SC009 in its active set resulting in the drop call.
Immediately after the drop, the UE camps on SC018.
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Drop Call Analysis Example
UE Active Set and Monitor Set Before and After the Call
Drop
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Conclusion
Examining the UE Active and Monitored set, Figure does not
show SC018 to be measured by the UE prior to the drop.
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Coverage of Drop Call Point
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Drop Call Analysis Example
Solution:
Looking at drop call Figure clearly shows that at the location
of the drop, SC018 should not be the best server.
Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 55
Thank you
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