SRI KRISHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Kuniamuthur, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University,
Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade & Accredited by NBA (CSE, ECE, IT, MECH, EEE, CIVIL& MCT)

22EE111 - BASICS OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
Module 1: DC Circuits and AC Circuits
Analysis of single phase ac circuits

by
Dr. R. Sumathi
Professor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

2 November 2022 www.skcet.ac.inDr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET

sumathir@skcet.ac.in 1
 COURSE OUTCOMES
C111.1 - Analyze the concepts in AC circuit and DC circuits. [A].

C111.2 - Examine the working principle of single phase transformer. [A].

C111.3 - Realize the fundamental concepts of magnetic circuits. [U].

C111.4 - Understand the working principle of DC and AC machines. [AP].

C111.5 - Interpret the basic devices in Electronics. [U].

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 2

 SYLLABUS
Module I: DC Circuits and AC Circuits 15 Hrs
• DC Circuits - Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C) - Voltage and
Current Sources - Kirchoff’s current and voltage law - analysis of simple
circuits with DC excitation - Mesh and Nodal Analysis.
• AC Circuits - Representation of sinusoidal waveforms, Peak and RMS
values, Phasor representation, Real power, Reactive power, Apparent
power, Power factor. Analysis of single phase AC circuits consisting
of R, L, C, RL and RC. Three phase balanced circuits - Voltage and
Current relations in star and delta connections.

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 3

 SYLLABUS
Module II: Magnetic Circuits and Electrical Machines 15 Hrs
• Magnetic Circuits - Definitions - MMF, Flux, Reluctance, Magnetic Field Intensity, Flux Density,
Fringing, Self and Mutual Inductances, Static machines: BH characteristics, Construction and
working principle of single - phase and three phase transformers. Rotating machines:
Generation of rotating magnetic fields, Construction and working principle of DC machines,
Three-phase induction motor and Synchronous motor.
Module III: Basics of Electronics and Applications 15 Hrs
• Semiconductor - PN junction diode - Zener diode - Rectifier - Half wave, Full wave and Bridge
rectifier - Bipolar Junction Transistor Introduction - Common base, Common emitter and
Common collector configuration - Field Effect Transistor Introduction - Construction and
characteristics of JFETs - MOSFET- Depletion type MOSFET, Enhancement type MOSFET,
Transfer characteristics.

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 4

 Text Books & Reference Books
1. Fitzgerald. A.E., Charles Kingsely Jr, Stephen D.Umans, ‘Electric Machinery’, Tata McGraw
Hill, 7th edition 2020.
2. Vincent. Del. Toro, “Electrical Engineering Fundamentals”, Prentice Hall India, 2nd edition,
2015.
3. E. Hughes, “Electrical and Electronics Technology”, Pearson, 10th edition, 2011.
4. Donald .A. Neamen, “Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design”, 2nd Edition reprint, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2013.
5. Charles A.Gross, Thaddeus A.Roppel, “Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering”, CRC press,
2012.
6. D. C. Kulshreshtha, “Basic Electrical Engineering”, McGraw Hill, Revised 1st edition 2017.
7. Theodore F. Bogart, Jeffery S. Beasley and Guilermo Rico, ‘Electronic Devices and Circuits’,
Pearson
2 November 2022 Education, 6th edition, 2013.
Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 5
 IMPEDANCE
• The impedance in ac circuit is defined as the ratio between sinusoidal
voltage and sinusoidal current.
• It is the measure of opposition to the flow of current or applied
voltage in a network.
• Resistance has only magnitude.
• But impedance has both magnitude and phase.
• With DC current, the resistance can be treated as impedance with zero
phase angle.

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 6

 Pure resistive (R) circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 7

 Pure resistive (R) circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 8

 Pure resistive (R) circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 9

 Pure Inductive (L) Circuit
•

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 Pure Inductive (L) Circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 11

 Pure Inductive (L) Circuit

• The current in the inductor lags the voltage by an angle

π/2.
• Z = ωL = XL= Inductive reactance

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 12

 Pure Capacitive Circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 13

 Pure Capacitive Circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 14

 Pure Capacitive Circuit
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 15

 Phase and Phase Difference

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 16

 Phase and Phase Difference

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 17

 PHASOR REPRESENTATION
• Alternating quantities are vector quantity.
• A vector is a phasor that is rotating at a constant angular
frequency.
• Handling alternating quantity in equations or waveforms is not
convenient.
• Since, instantaneous values are continuously changing, it must be
represented by a rotating vector or phasor.

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 18

 PHASOR REPRESENTATION
• Phasor diagram of sinusoidal voltage or current is,

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 PROBLEMS
• A 25Ω resistance has a voltage V=150sin377t volts. Find the
corresponding current and power.

Ans : 4.24A, 449.44W

• A 50Hz sinusoidal voltage given by V=200sinωt is applied to a pure
resistor of value 25Ω. Write the equation for the current and power. Find
the rms current and average power. Draw a phasor diagram.

• Ans : i=8sin314t, p=1600sin2314t, 800W

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 20

 PROBLEMS
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 21

 PROBLEMS
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 22

 PROBLEMS
• A 127μF capacitor has 125V, 50Hz supply. Calculate the
capacitive reactance, rms current, instantaneous power and
average power. (Ans:25.06Ω, 4.988A, 1246sin2314t, 0)
• A 318μF capacitor is connected across a 230V, 50 Hz system.
Determine the capacitive reactance, rms current, equations
for voltage and current. (Ans: 10Ω, 23A, 325.2sin314t,
32.5sin(314t+90)
2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 23
 Complex Operator ‘j’
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 24

 RL SERIES CIRCUIT
• Resistor and inductor are connected in series

Voltage drop across resistor = IR

Voltage drop across inductor = IXL
2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 25
 RL SERIES CIRCUIT
• For resistor only the phasor diagram is

• For inductor only the phasor diagram is

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 RL SERIES CIRCUIT
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 27

 PROBLEMS
• A coil having a resistance of 7Ω and an inductance of 31.8 mH is
connected to 230V 50 Hz supply. Calculate the circuit current,
phase angle, power factor and power consumed. (Ans : 18.85A,
55o, 0.573 lag, 2484.24W)
• A current of 10A flows in a circuit with a 30o angle of lag, when the
applied voltage 100V. Find the resistance, impedance and
reactance of the circuit. (Ans : 8.66 Ω, 10 Ω 5 Ω)

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 28

 PROBLEMS
• A series RL circuit has R=20Ω and L=0.05H and is connected to 250
volts 50 cycle source. Calculate impedance, current and power
factor. Draw the phasor diagram. (Ans : 25.43 Ω, 9.831A, 0.786
lag)
• An inductive load consumes 1000W power and draws 10A current
when connected to a 250V 25Hz supply. Determine the resistance
and inductance of the load. (Ans : 10 Ω, 0.145H)

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 29

 PROBLEMS
• When connected to a 230V 50Hz single phase supply, a coil takes
10kVA and 8kVAR. For the coil calculate resistance, inductance
and power consumed. (Ans : 3.175 Ω, 0.0134H, 5998.86W)
• A 100 Ω resistor and a 20mH inductor are connected in series
across a 230V 50Hz supply. Find circuit impedance, admittance,
current, voltage across resistance, voltage across inductor,
apparent power, active power and power factor. (Ans : 100.197 Ω,
9.98X10-3, 2.295 A, 229.5V, 14.42V, 527.85 VA, 526.7 W, 0.998 lag)

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 30

 RC SERIES CIRCUIT
• Resistor and capacitor are connected in series

Voltage drop across resistor = IR

Voltage drop across capacitor = IXC
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 RC SERIES CIRCUIT
• For resistor only the phasor diagram is

• For capacitor only the phasor diagram is

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 RC SERIES CIRCUIT
•

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 33

 PROBLEMS
• A series RC circuit with R=20Ω and C=127μF has 160V, 50 Hz
supply connected to it. Find impedance, current, power factor
and power. Draw the phasor diagram. (Ans : 32 Ω, 5A, 0.625,
500W)
• Find the apparent power, real power and reactive power for the
circuit having R= 100 Ω, C=-j200 Ω and V=50 V. (Ans : 11.15VA,
4.984W, 9.96VAR)
• A series RC circuit has R=6 Ω and C=μ22F. At what frequency
o
will the current lead the voltage by 30 . (Ans : 2088Hz)
2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 34
 THANK YOU

2 November 2022 Dr. R. SUMATHI / Prof./ Dept of EEE,SKCET 35