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CE Review For April 2023 - Geotechnical Engineering 1
CE Review For April 2023 - Geotechnical Engineering 1
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Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Geotechnical Engineering 1
Situation 11.
The following observations were recorded when sand
replacement test was conducted using sand-cone equipment
in order to find the density of natural soil.
Density of sand used in the test = 1.4 g/cm3
Weight of soil excavated from the pit = 950 grams
Weight of sand filling the pit = 700 grams
Water content of natural soil = 15%
Specific gravity of solid = 2.70
10. Compute the dry density of soil in g/cm3 (1.65)
Situation 12.
The following are the details for the backfill material in a
vibroflotation project.
D10 = 0.36 mm
D20 = 0.52 mm
D25 = 0.60 mm
D50 = 1.42 mm
D75 = 1.65 mm
Determine the following:
11. Suitability number (6.11)
12. Rating based on the value of suitability number
(Excellent)
13. Sorting coefficient (1.66)
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Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Geotechnical Engineering 1
Properties of Soil h. Se = Gs
14. Relative Density or Density Index (Dr)
1. Void Ratio (e)
emax − e
e=
Vv Dr = 100%
Vs emax − emin
2. Porosity (n) 1 / d min − 1 / d
Dr = 100%
Vv 1 / d min − 1 / d max
n=
VT − d min d max
Dr = d ( ) 100%
3. Degree of Saturation (S) d max − d min d
Vw 15. Relative/Percent Compaction (R)
S=
Vv d
4. Water/Moisture Content (ω) R= 100%
d max
Ww M w
= = 16. Effective grain size (D10)
Ws Ms 17. Average grain size (D50)
5. Dry Unit Weight (γd) 18. Coefficient of Uniformity (Cu)
Wd D60
d = Cu =
V D10
6. Moist Unit Weight (γm) 19. Coefficient of gyration/curvature (Cc)
Wm D30 2
m = Cc =
VT D60 D10
7. Saturated Unit Weight (γsat) 20. Sorting coefficient (So)
Wsat
sat = So =
D75
VT D25
8. Submerged/Buoyant Unit Weight (γ’)
21. Suitability Number (Sn)
' = sat − w
3 1 1
9. Bulk Specific Gravity (G) Sn = 1.7 2
+ 2
+
D50 D20 D10 2
G=
w
Sn Rating
10. Specific Gravity of Solids (Gs)
0-10 Excellent
s
Gs = 10-20 Good
w 20-30 Fair
11. Air Content (ac) 30-50 Poor
Va
ac = = n(1 − S )
VT
12. Air Void Ratio (na)
Va
na = = 1− S
Vv
13. Critical Hydraulic Gradient (icr)
' Gs − 1
icr = =
w 1+ e
Weight – Volume Relationships:
Gs
a. d = w
1+ e
b. m = d (1 + )
Gs + Gs
c. m = w
1+ e
G + Se
d. m = s w
1+ e
G +e
e. sat = s w
1+ e
Gs − 1
f. ' = w
1+ e
e
g. n =
1+ e
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(02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998
Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Geotechnical Engineering 1
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(02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 (02) 8735-9161 0919-227-9194 (082) 221-1121 0930-256-0998