all right everybody welcome back to another episode of bears guide to five.

Now
remember the first time you should be watching this is on canvas through edpuzzle, but
if this is your second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventieth time watching my videos
because you just love them you should be watching it on YouTube. Okay so today we're
going to talk about migration theories. Now in the previous video we talked about why
people migrate the push and pull the economic cultural reasons for it and the ideas of
forced and voluntary migration but this time we're going to look at more of the theory
behind it and break down some more ways to describe migration essentially.
Remember the essential question is always is why do people migrate? You know and
we're slowly discovering that it's economic reasons that there are cultural reasons that
there are reasons in the destination location that pulled them there there's reasons in
the starting location that pushed them out and we know that there's stuff that gets in the
way. but now what we're going to look at is uh like the travel distance or the patterns of
migration.

So the first one we look at is international migration. So international migration

going from one country to another generally this is for economic purposes and generally
it's between the developing world to the developed world. You don't see people in the
developed world leaving developed countries for jobs in other developed countries right!
It that's just generally not how it works, it's most the time from the developing world they
see the economic opportunity so it pulls them to that country right and whatever push
factors are pushing them out now this creates two types of immigrants. You have the
guest workers who and we'll talk about guest workers in the future and then we have
unauthorized migrants which we'll talk about that in the future.

The other type of migration and the one we're going to spend a little more time on
is internal migration. Now this is inside of a country so we're done with international
migration. We've done that we know international is uh the developing world to the
developed ldc to mdc. Now we're talking about inside countries right now inside
countries. You can have inter-regional one region of the country to another or intra-
regional movement within a region. So for example, for using the united states say um
you know you stay one region to another you move from the east coast to the west
coast or from the south to the north but intro regional inside of a region say you live on
the east coast and you move to a different part of the east coast. Well you're still in that
region of the east coast that's all this means but now let's look at the two patterns of
internal migration ldcs. So there's a pattern of internal migration inside the developing
world and inside the developed world. Inside the developing world it is rural to urban
migration right. That rural countryside lots of farming to urban areas where you have
cities and infrastructure and factories and so on and so forth. And this is what we see
now once again mostly for economic reasons people are choosing to leave the rural
areas of their countries to move to those cities because there's opportunities there. Now
because of all the economic opportunities and because of the lack of development
throughout the whole country there's only so many cities that people can move to for
economic opportunity and what happens is that all of these people move there in the
developing world which we know the developing world has huge population growth.
 So you have a massive amount of people migrating from these rural areas into
these mega cities because there's just so many people and it ends up creating things
like squatter settlements and they can't handle it with the infrastructure and all the stuff
we're going to talk about way in the future but you just have to understand the migration
pattern.

First to eventually get to those topics now because of this this is why the
developing world is urbanizing or growing cities faster than the developing world
because the thing is in the developed world we're not building our cities as fast anymore
and we'll talk about the reasons why the migration pattern in the next slide. But I want to
stay focused on ldc's so i want you to consider this like an intervening opportunity right.
When people are moving internationally for economic purposes say they move from the
rural countryside and they stop in a city in the ldc wherefrom there, there's the ways to
travel to new countries, there's the opportunities there to get the paperwork done and
there's opportunities there to make some money. Well what happens is that maybe they
stay in that urban area they start making money they live comfortably and they go. You
know what i'm just not going to leave here because everybody speaks the same
language around me.

They practice the same religion they have the same views as me i'm still in my
home country. So i'm just gonna stay here and that's why we see a lot of rule to urban
migration in the developing world where on the other hand in the developed world we
are not moving to the urban area. Everybody isn't flocking to cities they're flocking to the
suburbs the sub urban suburbs right because it's the neighboring areas around cities
where there's houses and there's less traffic and there's less people and it's really nice.
Now this does not happen for economic purposes, people don't move out to the suburbs
because they're like yeah i want to get a job in the suburbs right they move out to the
suburbs for lifestyle reasons or environmental reasons. Right they don't want to be in a
city it's this counter urbanization movement people want to move out of the city where
it's nice and quiet. There's more space there's better schools there's more safety you
can raise a family you know you get the house with the picket fence and you get a dog
and you raise the kids. But what also allows this to happen is how we do transportation
in the developed world. The fact that we have highways. The fact that we have
telecommunications where people can work at home and you know um zoom into an
office or whatever right.

So this also explains why north America had this urban sprawl problem where
our suburbs just exploded everywhere and people can move wherever they want. So
understand there's two patterns there's the pattern of the developing world and there's
the pattern of migration in the developed world in the developing world it's all about
money and living and surviving in the developed world. We really just moved to the
suburbs because for lifestyle reasons. So as always there's another theory this guy
ravenstein came up with uh the migration theory that or the theory of the migrant right
that one most migrants will relocate a short distance and remain within the same
country. Yet no one wants to travel long distances to new countries like no one wants to
completely abandon their life. If they can, they want to stay in the same country and
travel a short distance but if they are going to travel a long distance they are going to
head to a place of major economic activity or big cities right we experience a lot or we
talk a lot about migration in the us because we know we have a lot of migration from
latin America generally those people migrating from latin america are going to big cities
along the southern border.

They're not going all the way up to north Dakota where nothing is there and
there's no economic opportunity or big cities right. That's why um even we have to
discuss it so much living in florida especially tampa the other characteristics of a migrant
the theory is that uh most are inter most international migrants are adult males and
they're generally traveling by themselves not with families not with females. Just
happens to be the trend now of course there's more theories we have zelensky's
migration transition which follows the demographic transition model. So it's important
you know that demographic transition model in the four stages because this guy said in
stage one the reason why people migrate. In search of food in stage two it's economic
opportunity and we saw this or we will be seeing this when we talk about the migration
into the united states because stage two was the reason we got so many migrants from
around the world. And then stage three and four the developed nations people move for
better living conditions so it's basically what i've just said about everything we're just
applying it now to the demographic transition model. So what do you need to know
today you need to know the difference between international and internal migration.
Remember we talked about the major pattern of international which is developing to
develop but understand the internal migration patterns in the developed world. And in
the developing world you have to be able to explain what gets people to move
internationally where they're coming from and where they're going and why and then
finally understand the reasons for internal migration. mdc push-pull factors versus ldc
push-pull factors i cannot stress enough how important it is to understand the difference
with differences between international and internal migration and all of these theories
and the patterns because we're going to be referencing them many times. This is just
another building block to building on this uh whole idea, this holistic view of the world so
anyway as always this is bears guide 205 make sure you smash that like button hit
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released we'll see you next time