VIETNAMESE - GERMAN UNIVERSITY

Course: Smart Building

Dr.-Ing. Nguyen Van Binh
Email: vanbinhnguyen.hcmc@gmail.com HCMC, Nov. 2022
 Content

1. Introduction to intelligent buildings

2. Building automation systems
3. BAS communication standards
4. Characteristics of sensor
5. Control of air-conditioning systems
6. Control of central chilling systems
7. Lighting- control systems
8. Security and safety control systems

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic components and typical types

• Chillers, whose function in a central chilling system is to produce an

adequate quantity of chilled water at the required temperature.

• Heat- rejection system, whose function is to reject the heat from the
refrigerant to the environment.

• Chilled water distribution system, whose function is to distribute the chilled

water to the user terminals.

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic components and typical types

A typical mechanical chilling system involves:

• one compressor (reciprocating, rotary- screw or centrifugal)

• two heat exchangers (the evaporator and the condenser)

• a heat- rejection system such as a cooling tower

• The system operating cost is the cost of circulating the fluids (refrigerants, water,
etc.) in the heat exchangers and the compressor.

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic components and typical types

Four types of chillers are normally used in centralized chilling systems:

• reciprocating chillers

• rotary- screw chillers

• centrifugal chillers

• absorption chillers

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.2 Chiller capacity control and safety interlocks

The capacity control of chillers can basically be accomplished in five

different ways:

1 thermostatic expansion valve;

2 inlet guide vane;

3 hot gas bypass;

4 variable speed driver;

5 slide valve.

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.3 Chillers and central chilling system confi gurations
Chillers using different heat- rejection methods

• water- cooled system;

• air- cooled system;
• cooling tower system.

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.1 Basic knowledge of chillers
Basic working principles
COOLING TOWER SYSTEM

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.4 Chiller performance and optimal control
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.4 Chiller performance and optimal control
Basic working principles

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.4 Chiller performance and optimal control
Optimal control of central chilling systems

Steps of optimal control of chilling systems include the following items:

1 Identify the load and relevant external environment.

2 Identify or update the performance of chiller subsystems.

3 Determine the optimal operating settings of the system including the

subsystems, which lead to minimum total energy consumption of the
entire system.

4 Control the system and subsystems at the determined optimal settings.

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.4 Chiller performance and optimal control
Optimal control of central chilling systems

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 6 Control of central chilling systems
6.4 Chiller performance and optimal control
Optimal control of central chilling systems Power consumption vs. air flow
rate in an air- cooled system

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