The present continuous

The present continuous is a verb tense used, in the English language, to describe actions
that are at the moment of speech or actions that have just happened.
This tense is formed by the subject + the simple present of the verb to be (are/is) + the
gerund of the main verb (-ing).
Examples:

 I'm eating a hamburger.

 You are learning a lot about that country.
 He is doing the dishes now.

The present perfect

The present perfect tense is widely used in the English language and requires a lot of
attention when studying it, as it is a more difficult tense to use.
The present perfect is formed by the simple present of the verb to have (have/has) + the
participle of the main verb. It is worth noting that the participle of verbs in English will
be formed, in the case of regular ones, by adding the particle “-ed”. Irregular verbs have
their own forms, so it is necessary to check each of these verbs to identify their form in
the participle.
Uses of the present perfect
When studying the present perfect it is noticed that this tense indicates a relationship
between the past and the present, in more detail the present perfect will be used to
describe actions that occurred in the past and affect the present, actions that have been
happening, actions that ended of happening or past actions without having a determined
time.
The present perfect is used to describe actions that started in the past and continue into
the present.
Examples:

 I have studied at school since 7 o'clock

 They have learned about music since last year.

The Present perfect continuous

The Present perfect continuous is a verb tense in the English language in which the
continuity of an action that started in the past and continues until the present day is
emphasized.
Its formula consists of the union of the following segments:
Subject + Verb To Have (Simple Present) + Verb To Be (Present Perfect) + Main Verb
with–ing + Complement
Examples:

 I have been playing tennis since high school

 Mark has been a chemistry teacher for twenty years.
 Ben has been waiting for his fiancée for six months.

In the English language, the past continuous is a verb tense used to describe actions that
were taking place in a certain period in the past. This tense is formed by the subject +
the simple past of the verb to be (was/were) + the gerund of the main verb (-ing).
Examples:

 I was traveling alone yesterday.

 You were saying something to her last week.
 He was feeling well yesterday.
 She was walking alone.
 It was raining last night.
 You were telling me the truth.
 We were living in São Paulo last year.
 They were running in the park.

The past continuous

The past continuous is used to describe actions in progress at a certain time in the past.
The verb tense past perfect is used in the English language to describe actions that
happened in the past, more precisely, before other past actions.
The past perfect is formed by the simple past of the verb to have (had) + the participle
of the main verb. It is necessary to observe that the participle of verbs in English will be
formed in two ways: the regular ones, by adding the particle “-ed”; and the irregular
ones that each have their own shape.
Examples:

 When I got home, my sister had left.

 They had never been on an airplane before that trip.
 By the time I arrived at school, my teacher had left.
 I have been in that country before you know me.

The Past Perfect Continuous

The Past Perfect Continuous is a tense used to describe an unfinished past action.
It indicates the continuation (duration) of actions that happened in the past and that
occurred before another action also in the past.
For this reason, some expressions can be used with this verb tense, for example:

 for two minutes

 for one hour
 for five weeks
Forming the Past Perfect Continuous
The Past Perfect Continuous is formed by the verb to have (had) conjugated in the
simple past (simple past) + verb to be (been) conjugated in the past perfect (past perfect)
+ gerund (-ing) of the main verb.
The Future Continuous
The Future Continuous is a tense used to indicate actions that will be taking place in the
future. That is, it describes an event that will happen at a specific time in the future.
The future continuous is commonly used in suppositions, warnings, questions or
statements about plans for the future, and to indicate promises.
Because it is a tense that expresses future actions, it is often accompanied by
expressions of time.
The most used are: tomorrow; tomorrow morning; next week; next month; next year,
etc.
Future Continuous Formation
The Future Continuous is formed by the simple future of the verb to be (will be) + the
gerund (-ing) of the main verb.
The Future Perfect
The Future Perfect is a verb tense used to indicate future actions that will be completed
at a certain time in the future.
Many expressions are used with this verb tense, for example: before; by (at, at, at); by
the time; until, etc.
Future Perfect Formation
The future perfect is formed by the auxiliary verb to have conjugated in the simple
future + the participle of the main verb.
The Future Perfect Continuous
The Future Perfect Continuous is a tense used to indicate the continuation of actions that
will be completed at a certain time in the future.
Expressions often used with this verb tense are: for five minutes; for two weeks; etc.
Also the "by" + time expression (next month, next week, next year) is used a lot.
Formation of the Future Perfect Continuous
The future perfect continuous is formed by the verb to have in the simple future (will
have) + verb to be (been) conjugated in the past perfect (perfect past) + gerund (-ing) of
the main verb.