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Social Determinants of Health Indicator Comparison

Student’s Name

Institution’s Affiliation

Unit Code/Name

Professor’s Name

Date
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Social Determinants of Health Indicator Comparison

Part one

States/Cities

Indicators

New Massachusetts Rhode Island

Hampshire

Demographics Race/ From 1980- From 1980, People of color

Ethnicity 2019, the people of color rises from 7%

population of have risen to 28% to 28% of the

people of color from 8% population

rises from 2% to

10% of the

population

Population From 2019- From 2019-2050, From 2019-

Growth 2050, the highest 2050, the White

Mixed/other population is the population had

population had Mixed/other the lowest

147% growth population with growth rate at -

rate which is the 104% and the 25% and the

highest and the lowest population Latino

lowest is the white population had

population is population with - 83% as the

white population 20%. highest

with 0%. population

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growth.

Economic Poverty In 2019, the The Latino The native

population which
Vitality black population Americans
was living below
which was population that
100% of the
living 100% poverty level was lived below
24.1% in 2019.
below the 100% of the
The Latino
poverty line was poverty line
female had the
18.7%.This was highest was 27.8% This
percentage at
the highest was the highest
27% compared
among all among all the
with white male
racial/ethnic population which racial/ethnic
had 6% as the
groups. The groups. The
lowest.
black female white male

had the largest population had

share at 20% the lowest

while 6% was percentage at

the lowest of 8%. The

white male highest share

population. was Latino

female at 27%.

Readiness 4.6% of people 38.5% of people In 2018, 56%

of color in all of color attended of Latino

public schools high-poverty students

attended high schools in all attended high

poverty schools public schools in school, among

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in 2018 while 2015 and 6.0% of all public

0.7% of White White students schools were

students attended high less than 75%.

attended high poverty schools. This was the

poverty schools. 43.1% of people uppermost of

of color were all racial/ethnic

primary schools groups. Those

and 8.1% were who attended

White students. high-poverty

schools were

48.1% people

of color and

White students

were 5.2 %i

Connectedness In 2019, In 2019, the In 2019, the

Asian/Pacific percentage of the Latino

Islander population that population had

population had lived in high the highest

the highest share poverty areas was share of

of people living 2.8% for White residents in

in the high people and 16.2% high poverty

poverty for Latino people. areas at 29.6%,

neighbourhoods while the White

with 2.3% and population had

the Native the lowest share

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American at 3.4%.

Population had

the lowest with

a percentage of

0.1.

After investigating the each of the five indicators, it is obvious that each indicator can

be a driver of inequity simply because it is more likely to bring impact on resources and

opportunities accessing. For instance, job training and access to education can be brought by

poverty rate. This in return can lead to cycle of poverty. Access to resources can be impacted

negatively by neighbourhood poverty and the school poverty rate can impact educational

outcomes negatively. (Paro et al., 2021).

Strategies that aid in growing an economy include the following:

 Improving Job training and access to education. The skills and knowledge of workers

availability in the supply of labour are the major determinants for both economic

growth and business. The productivity of an economy rises directly proportionally to

the number of educated workers. This is because, work is being done efficiently by

the skilled workers. Significantly, industries with higher training and education

requirements tend to pay wages higher. In this way, people will be equipped with

skills that they require in order to get desired jobs. This in return will help grow the

entire economy. (Kolak et al., 2020).

 Provision of housing that are affordable. Housing that are affordable especially those

situated near public mass transit enable low income earners to save money, reach

critical community services, improve health, and accessibility to better jobs. In

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addition, it raises local purchasing power, new tax revenues and creation of jobs.

Enhanced and continued investments in affordable housing will make an economy

grow equitably.

 Increasing of the minimum wage. Low –wage workers will enjoy a higher increase in

income. It is clear that higher minimum wages guarantee a subsequent rise in the

incomes of the family at the bottom of the distribution of income. These wages

reduces poverty rate. In addition, this will stimulate the spending by the consumers

and help the businesses that are at bottom lines grow the equitable economy. The

productivity of the worker will be increased as well as reducing employee

absenteeism and turnover. The money earned from all these will circulate in the

economy which will in turn help in growing the economy. (Kasthurirathne et al.,

2018).

 Access to healthcare to be improved. For every economic development, health is

among the determinants. This is because, healthy population is a clear reflection of

higher productivity hence resulting in higher income per capita.Thus, improving

access to healthcare will in return will help to grow the economy.

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Part two

The disparities in SDOH between the three cities or states are presumably the result of

a variety of causes. Some of the elements that could affect how SDOH varies are as

follows:

 Size of the city or state: The size of the city or state may affect SDOH differences

since a larger city or state may have more resources to devote to SDOH.

 State or city economy: The city's or state's economy may be a factor in SDOH

variations since persons may have more options to enhance their SDOH if their local

economy is robust.

 State’s or city’s demographics: The differences in SDOH may be influenced by the

city's or state's demographics because a place with a more diverse population may

have more money to devote to SDOH.

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Cities or states with higher poverty/inequity can use other cities' or states' information

to improve their own health equity by:

 Learning from the success of other cities or states: Cities or states with higher levels

of poverty or inequality can take note of other cities' or states' achievements in

lowering poverty or inequality. For instance, a city or state with higher levels of

poverty or inequality could benefit by studying a city or state that has successfully

adopted policies and practices that have reduced poverty or inequality.

 Adoption of practices or policies other states or cities: Cities or states with higher

levels of poverty or inequality can embrace the policies and practices used by other

cities or states, which have been proven to be successful in lowering poverty or

inequality. For instance, a state or city with higher levels of poverty or inequality

might embrace a practice or policy that has been proven to be successful in bringing

about change in that regard in another state or city. (Elias et al., 2019).
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References

Elias, R. R., Jutte, D. P., & Moore, A. (2019). Exploring consensus across sectors for

measuring the social determinants of health. SSM-population health, 7, 100395.

Kasthurirathne, S. N., Vest, J. R., Menachemi, N., Halverson, P. K., & Grannis, S. J. (2018).

Assessing the capacity of social determinants of health data to augment predictive

models identifying patients in need of wraparound social services. Journal of the

American Medical Informatics Association, 25(1), 47-53.

Kolak, M., Bhatt, J., Park, Y. H., Padrón, N. A., & Molefe, A. (2020). Quantification of

neighborhood-level social determinants of health in the continental United States.

JAMA network open, 3(1), e1919928-e1919928.

Paro, A., Hyer, J. M., Diaz, A., Tsilimigras, D. I., & Pawlik, T. M. (2021). Profiles in social

vulnerability: the association of social determinants of health with postoperative

surgical outcomes. Surgery, 170(6), 1777-1784.