Statistics and SENIOR

HIGH
Probability SCHOOL

Module
Problems involving
Sampling Distribution 15
Quarter 1
of Sample Mean
Statistics and Probability
Quarter 1 – Module 13: Problems involving Sampling Distribution of Sample
Mean
First Edition, 2020

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Statistics and SENIOR
HIGH

Probability SCHOOL

Module
Problems Involving
15
Sampling Distribution
Quarter 1
of Sample Mean
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School Module on
Sampling Distribution of Sample Mean Using Central Limit Theorem!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge Schools
Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership with
the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N.
Sotto.
The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability Module on Problems involving Sampling

Distribution of Sample Mean!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation – This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the

concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills

that you understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap-Up- This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

Valuing- This part will check the integration of values in the

learning competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.
 EXPECTATION

At the end of the learning episode, you are expected to:

 solve problems involving sampling distribution of sample mean

PRETEST

Problem Solving: Solve each problem and choose the correct answer

Suppose that in a certain High School the average height of female students is
151.8 cm with standard deviation of 17.2 cm.
1.) If you choose 15 students, what is the probability that their height is above 150
cm?
A.) 0.4053 B.) 0.1591 C.)0.3409 D.) 0.6591

2.) If you choose 40 students what is the probability that their height is above 155
cm?
A.) 0.1190 B.) 0.3810 C.) 0.8810 D.) 1.18
3.) If you choose 20 students, what is the probability that their height is below 148
cm?
A.) 0.1611 B.) 0.3389 C.) 0.8389 D.) 0.9880

4.) If you choose 3 students what is the probability that their height is below 157
cm?
A.) 0.1985 B.)0.3015 C.) 0.5236 D.) 0.6985

5.) If you choose 10 students what is the probability that their height is between
146 cm and 154 cm
A.) 0.3577 B.) 0.4045 C.) 0.5131 D.) 0.2023
 RECAP

1.) Find the corresponding area between z = 0 and each of the following
a.) z = 0.98 b.) z = 1.85 c.) z = 2.58
2.) Find the probability of the following
a.) P(z > 1.21) b.) P(z < 2.38) c.) P(-2.42 < z < -0.65)

LESSON

From the last module, we have learned the importance of central limit theorem in
solving the property of sampling distribution of sample mean.
Now we will apply this idea combined with the one that we have learned about the
normal distribution.
Another relevant impact of Central Limit Theorem is that when computing the
probability of 𝑋̅ within a given range we could use the formula

𝑋̅ − 𝜇
𝑧= 𝜎
√𝑛
Where 𝑋̅ = sample mean
𝜇 = population mean
𝜎 = population standard deviation
n = sample size

For example:

1. ) Your teacher wants to give your class chocolates because you listen to him very
well. The average number of chocolate that your class can eat is 12.6 with standard
deviation of 1.7. If he has 100 chocolates and he choose 8 students what is the
probability that he will run out of chocolates?

Given : n = 8, 𝜇 = 12.6, 𝜎 = 1.7.

Note that we need to know the sample mean to be able to compute z. We know that
the teacher will run out of chocolate if the 8 students can eat at least 100
chocolates which means that the average number of chocolate that each of them
 100
must eat is = 12.5 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠, 𝑠𝑜 𝑋̅ = 12.5. Furthermore, the teacher will run out
8
of chocolate if the average is at least 12.5

𝑋̅ − 𝜇 12.5 − 12.6
𝑧= 𝜎 = = −0.16638 ≈ −0.17 =
1.7
√𝑛 √8

From the word at least then we need to solve P(z ≥ -0.17) = 0.5 + 0.0675 = 0.5675

We can see it in the graph

0.5+0.0675 = 0.5675

Another example

2.) The average game length of a Mobile MOBA game is 923 seconds with standard
deviation of 37.6 seconds. If you want to play 4 games, then what is the probability
that you’ll be able to finish all the games in less than 1 hour?

Given : n = 4, 𝜇 = 923, 𝜎 = 37.6.

Note that we need to know the sample mean to be able to compute z. We know that
you can finish the game in less than 1 hour if the average of the 4 games you
1 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟 60 3600
played is = 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠 = 900 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠 = 𝑋̅
4 4 4

𝑋̅ − 𝜇 900 − 923
𝑧= 𝜎 = = −1.223404 ≈ −1.22
37.6
√𝑛 √4

From the word less than then we need to solve P(z < -1.22) = 0.5 - 0.3888 = 0.1112
In the graph

0.5 – 0.3888 = 0.1112

 ACTIVITIES

Activity:

Solve the following problems.

1.) The population mean and standard deviation is 70 and 5.6 respectively. If
we were to choose 10 samples from the population, what is the probability
that its mean is between 65 and 75?
2.) The average words per minute a person can type is 40 words per minute
with standard deviation of 3.5 words. If you choose 20 samples, what is the
probability that the average words they can type is more than 39?

Keep Practicing

1.) The average total points per game in a basketball is 208.6 with standard
deviation of 32.6. If we choose 82 games from these games what is the
probability that the average total points is greater than 200?
2.) Teenagers spent most of their time on social media. They spent an average of
6.2 hours per day on social media with standard deviation of 1.3 hours. If we
choose 20 teenagers, what is the probability that the average time they spent
on social media is less than 6 hours?

WRAP–UP

Lesson Summary:

An impact of Central limit theorem is that when computing the probability of

sample mean within a given range we could use:

𝑋̅ − 𝜇
𝑧= 𝜎
√𝑛
Where 𝑋̅ = sample mean
𝜇 = population mean
𝜎 = population standard deviation
n = sample size
 VALUING

Solving math problems is never easy. It always requires step by step solution. In
this module you need to look for the given first, then solve for z before you can
solve what is asked which is the probability. Reaching your goal or your dreams in
life is the same as solving math problems. You need to take it step by step. Rushing
is not a solution though sometimes helpful, it will just make you careless and you
might end up with the wrong solution or wrong path in life. In today’s new normal
situation, what are the steps that you have to take in order to reach your goals in
life?

POSTTEST

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

You want to invest in companies belonging to Gispa Group of Companies Inc. so
you did some research and found out that companies belonging to this group has
an average gain of 0.8 percent and standard deviation of 0.7 percent. Given that a
positive percent (gain) means profit and a negative percent means a loss, answer
the following questions.

1.) If you choose 6 companies, what is the probability that the companies are
losing money?
A.) 2.80 B.) 0.4974 C.) 0.0026 D.) 0.9974
2.) If you choose 20 companies, what is the probability that the companies are
gaining more than 1 percent?
A.) 0.1003 B.) 0.3997 C.) 0.8997 D.) 1.2803
3.) If you choose 25 companies, what is the probability that they are
gaining more than 0.5 percent?
A.) 0.0162 B.)0.4838 C.) 0.9838 D.) 2.1429
4.) If you choose 30 companies, what is the probability that the percent
gain of the companies is in between 0.6 and 1.1?
A.) 0.4406 B.) 0.4906 C.) 0.0500 D.)0.9312
5.) If you choose 50 companies, what is the probability that the percent
gain of the company is between 0.9 and 0.95?
A.) 0.3438 B.) 0.4357 C.) 0.0919 D.) 0.7795