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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

Research Design of this study will use the Likert-scale instrument.

Regardless of the type of construct being measured, the starting point for

questionnaire development is to arrive at a thorough understanding of the target

construct, primarily by reading academic literature on the topic. Each item should

be designed to measure one idea and should be written in straightforward, easy-

to-understand language so that the meaning of the item is unambiguous to

respondents (Wolfe & Smith, 2007).

3.2 Research Environment

The research is currently conducted at Mindanao State University-Lanao

del Norte Agricultural College (MSU-LNAC), where this study was engaged.

MSU-LNAC in Lanao del Norte's only Agricultural College. It was founded in

Lumbatan, Lanao del Sur, and moved to Malabang, Lanao del Sur, in 1954. The

school was finally shifted to Karomatan, Lanao del Norte (now AND, Lanao del
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Norte) in June 1953, thanks to former Congressman Mohammad Ali Dimaporo's

proposal. During the year 1969, the school was changed into a college called

Lanao del Norte Agricultural College (LNAC) by BOR No. II-A and in

accordance with RA. The Lanao del Norte Agricultural College was merged into

Mindanao State University-Lanao del Norte Agricultural College under

Resolution No. 1892. (MSU-LNAC).

Aside from secondary education, the school also provides postsecondary

courses. Secondary and elementary education, agricultural education, animal

science, agricultural technology, and information technology are all examples of

these fields. The school is one of MSU's satellite campuses. The school has a total

enrollment of about 1000 students, including those in high school. This research

was carried out at the Computer Studies department, which covered Computer

Science and Information Technology.

3.3 Respondents of the Study and Sampling Technique

The respondents of this study are the Librarian, Library staff and Library

Users of MSU-LNAC during the school year 2021-2022. A total of twenty-five

(24) random Library user’s selected in this study through simple sampling.
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3.4 Data Gathering Procedure

Before collecting data, the researcher sought permission from the Dean of

Instruction and the department coordinator to perform the study. The data

collection procedure was divided into two parts: the survey questionnaire, which

was adapted from MSU-LNAC, and the interview, which focused on how the

Library Management System functions.

The researchers administered the survey questionnaire in each library they

provided. The researcher handed out the questionnaires and asked the librarian

and students to fill them out in order to assess the answers. The questionnaire was

designed using the Likert Scale format, which is the primary level of analysis and

interpretation.

3.5 Research Instruments

The researcher used black box testing and white box testing. In the Black

box testing, the researcher invited people who are not familiar with the system

and will test how they operate the system without knowing the program. While

the White-box testing, the user who is familiar with the system. This testing will

help the researchers to know the effectiveness of the system to the clients and to

the end-users.
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3.5.1 Instruments Used

In this research, the researcher used the checklist questionnaire; it is used

as the main data-gathering instrument for the evaluation of the system’s functions.

The questionnaire contains a list of all functions of the system that will be tested

and evaluated by the end users and a rating by which they will give based on their

evaluation. The questions were structured using the Likert Scale format. In this

survey type, five choices were provided for every system’s function. The choices

represent the degree of agreement each respondent has on the given function. The

scale below was used to interpret the total responses of all the end-users for every

survey question by computing the weighted mean

Table 1. Scale for the Likert survey.

MEAN LEVEL INTERPRETATION

4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

3.41 – 4.20 Agree

2.61 – 3.40 Undecided

1.81 – 2.60 Disagree

1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree

The Likert survey was the selected questionnaire type as this enabled the

end to answer the survey easily. In addition, this research instrument allowed the

researchers to carry out the quantitative approach effectively with the use of

statistics for data interpretation.

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3.5.2 Statistic Tool Used

In this stage, the researchers used the weighted mean formula to interpret

and analyze the data gathered in this study. The researchers will use the formula

which is shown in the next section.

Arithmetic Mean is a method used in determining the observations of the

respondents in the proposed computerized sale and inventory system for the File

Management System of Secondary teachers.

Formula:

𝒙ഥ= ∑ሺ𝒇ⅈ ∗ 𝒙ⅈሻ∕ 𝒏

❑
( ∑ ❑ xi)
X ❑
¿
n

Were

X – is the sample mean

∑ - means add up

xi – is all of the x – values

n – is the number of items in the sample

Fi- Frequency of choice

Three-step in Finding the Weighted Mean

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Step1. Multiply the weight of the choice to frequency of the choice

Step2.Sum up all the result

Step.3 Divided the result to the total of the respondents

Three-step in finding the Average of Weighted Mean

Step 1. Add up all the numbers,

Step 2. Count the numbers of items in your data and

Step 3. Divide the number you found in step 1.

Score Range Interpretation

1 Strongly Disagree

2 Disagree

3 Undecided

4 Agree

5 Strongly Agree
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3.6 Data Analysis

To make an accurate interpretation of the data gathered, the following

statistical tools were utilized.

Weighted Mean. This is used to determine the observation of the

respondents in the proposed computerized File Management System.

3.7 System Development Life Cycle

The documentation provides a mechanism to ensure that executive

leadership, functional managers, and users sign-off on the requirements and

implementation of the system. The process provides University Project Managers

with visibility of design, development, and implementation status needed to

ensure delivery on time and within budget (Michigan Technological University

2021).

SDLC- SPIRAL MODEL

Fig. 2
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The study used the spiral model as the System Development Life Cycle as

shown in (Fig 2). Changes occurred from time to time, necessitating an iterative

process of setting goals and proposing answers. Iterative phases are used until

entire system is integrated.