III.

BRANCHES OF JUDAISM

Orthodox Judaism - Orthodox Judaism is a Jewish religious group that emphasizes strict
observance of Jewish law and tradition as it has been interpreted throughout history. Orthodox
Jews believe that the Torah (the Jewish holy book) and its commandments, as well as oral
traditions passed down through the generations, are unchangeable and binding.

Reform Judaism - Reform Judaism is a branch of Judaism that emerged in the 19th century as a
reaction to society's modernization and secularization. Individual autonomy and personal
choice are important to Reform Jews, who believe that Jewish tradition and practices should
evolve and adapt to modern times. Reform Judaism emphasizes ethical values and social justice
over traditional religious practices.

Conservative Judaism - Conservative Jews believe that Jewish law and tradition are binding but
can be interpreted and adapted to changing circumstances. They value Torah and Talmud study
and observe many traditional Jewish practices and holidays, but they also recognize the
importance of evolving Jewish tradition in order to remain relevant in modern times.

Reconstructionist Judaism - Reconstructionist Jews view Judaism as an evolving civilization, not

just a religion, and place a premium on Jewish culture and community. Reconstructionist
Judaism emphasizes social justice and ethical values and seeks to promote these values through
active participation in the world.

IV.BELIEFS

The beliefs of Judaism

Jews believe in one God who is all-powerful, all-knowing, and eternal. God is seen as
compassionate and just, and is the source of all creation.
And the Torah is the primary source of Jewish law and tradition, comprising the first five books
of the Hebrew Bible. It is thought to be God's written word, as revealed to Moses on Mount
Sinai.
Jews believe in the eventual coming of a Messiah, who will bring about a time of peace and
redemption for the Jewish people and the world.