Roman Empire Chapter 6 Section 2 Date:________________________

Directions: Read pages 160-165 in the ANCIENT ROME Reading Packet, as you read answer the following questions.

ECONOMIC TURNOIL
1. Why was one fourth of the Roman society without work and poor?

2. What caused the first civil war in the Roman Republic?

MILITARY UPHEAVAL
3. How did generals gain the loyalty of their soldiers, how did their loyalty differ from citizen-soldiers?

JULIUS CAESAR TAKES CONTROL

4. List the members of the the first triumvirate of Rome.

5. When Caesar appointed himself Governor of Gaul, what did he embark upon with his legions?

6. Why did Caesar have the loyalty and devotion of his troops?

7. Why was Pompey fearful of Caesar and what did he do upset Caesar?

8. How did Caesar react to Pompey’s order?

9. What important event occurred in 44 B.C.E. that changed Rome?

CAESER’S REFORMS
10. List five of Caesar’s Reforms that made him popular with the people.

i.

ii.

iii.
 iv.

v.

11. Who murdered Caesar? Why did they do it? When did they kill him?

BEGINNING OF THE EMPIRE

12. List the members of the second triumvirate of Rome.

13. Why did Mark Antony and Octavian fight each other? How is Cleopatra involved? How did thing end?

14. What did he change his name to? What does it mean?

A VAST AND POWERFUL EMPIRE

15. What happened during the Pax Romana? How long did it last? What was the size of the empire and how many
people were under Roman rule?

A SOUND GOVERNMENT
16. What steps did Augustus take to hold such a vast empire together?

17. How did the roles of plebians and slaves change under Augustus?

18. Why was the Roman Empire able to continue to be effectively run after Augustus’s death?

AGRICULTURE AND TRADE

19. What was Rome’s economy based on?

20. What is a divarius and why was it important to trade?

21. Where were the important trading cities and countries of the Roman Empire?
THE ROMAN WORLD
22. What traits did Romans value? What is gravitas? What did they honor?

23. List the 5 Good Emperors and the 3 Bad Emperors of Rome and why they are remembered as such
BAD EMPERORS
Name Reasons for being BAD

GOOD EMPERORS
Name Reasons for being GOOD

SLAVES AND CAPTIVITY

24. What percentage of Roman population were slaves? Where did most come from?

25. How were slaves viewed? What could their masters do to them?

26. How were slaves treated? What became of many “strong, healty males”?

27. Where slave revolts successful? How many died trying?

GODS AND GODDESSES

28. What are numina? What are Lares?
29. Where were Romans expected to worship?

30. Who were the most important Roman Gods and Goddesses and what where their powers?

SOCIETY AND CULTURE

31. Describe how the wealthy of Rome lived?

32. How did most people in Rome live, describe the governments role, what was a constant danger to commoners?

33. How did the Roman government distract the people?

34. Describe some of the things Roman’s would see in the Colosseum?

35. How were early Christians treated?