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Oksijen
DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ&ĂƌŬůŦ,ąůůĞƌĚĞKůŵĂƐŦŶŦŶĂŶůŦůĂƌǀĞĞǀƌĞŝĕŝŶPŶĞŵŝ
ĂŶůŦůĂƌ LJĂƔĂŵŦŶŦ ƐƺƌĚƺƌƺƌŬĞŶ ďŝƌĕŽŬ ĨĂƌŬůŦ ŵĂĚĚĞLJůĞ ĞƚŬŝůĞƔŝŵ ŝĕŝŶĚĞĚŝƌůĞƌ͘ ĂŶůŦůĂƌ͕ ƐŽůƵŶƵŵ LJĂƉŵĂŬ ŝĕŝŶ ŽŬƐŝũĞŶ ŐĂnjŦŶŦ͖ NDQODU¿QNULWLNV¿FDNO¿NODU¿Q¿Q\¸NVHNND\QDPD
plazma ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘
ODUSOD]PDKžOLQGHGLU SOD]PDKžOLQGHGLU7DQHFLNOHUL C) Argon
$$]RW %2NVLMHQ
ĨŽƚŽƐĞŶƚĞnj LJĂƉŵĂŬ ŝĕŝŶ ŬĂƌďŽŶ ĚŝŽŬƐŝƚ ŐĂnjŦŶŦ ŬƵůůĂŶŦƌ͘ 7ĕĞĐĞŬůĞƌŝŶ ƐŽŒƵƚƵůŵĂƐŦ ŝĕŝŶ ƐƵLJƵŶ ŬĂƚŦ Śąůŝ ŽůĂŶ ďƵnj͕
ĂŶůŦůĂƌ LJĂƔĂŵŦŶŦ ƐƺƌĚƺƌƺƌŬĞŶ ďŝƌĕŽŬ ĨĂƌŬůŦ ŵĂĚĚĞLJůĞ ĞƚŬŝůĞƔŝŵ ŝĕŝŶĚĞĚŝƌůĞƌ͘ ĂŶůŦůĂƌ͕ ƐŽůƵŶƵŵ LJĂƉŵĂŬ ŝĕŝŶ ŽŬƐŝũĞŶ ŐĂnjŦŶŦ͖ ŝŶƔĂĂƚůĂƌĚĂ ŬĂƚŦ QRNWDODU¿Q¿QG¸Å¸NROPDV¿JHUHNLU
ŚąůĚĞďƵůƵŶĂŶĚĞŵŝƌ͕ŵŽƚŽƌůƵĂƌĂĕůĂƌĚĂĚĂƐŦǀŦǀĞŐĂnjŚąůĚĞLJĂŬŦƚůĂƌŬƵůůĂŶŦůŦƌ͘
ĨŽƚŽƐĞŶƚĞnj LJĂƉŵĂŬ ŝĕŝŶ ŬĂƌďŽŶ
DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ&ĂƌŬůŦ,ąůůĞƌŝǀĞPnjĞůůŝŬůĞƌŝ ĚŝŽŬƐŝƚ ŐĂnjŦŶŦ ŬƵůůĂŶŦƌ͘ 7ĕĞĐĞŬůĞƌŝŶ ƐŽŒƵƚƵůŵĂƐŦ ŝĕŝŶ ƐƵLJƵŶ ŬĂƚŦ Śąůŝ DUDV¿QGDNLERÅOXNNDW¿YH
DĂĚĚĞƺĕĨĂƌŬůŦĨŝnjŝŬƐĞůŚąůĚĞďƵůƵŶƵƌ͘ƵŶůĂƌ
ŽůĂŶ ďƵnj͕ ŝŶƔĂĂƚůĂƌĚĂ ŬĂƚŦ D) Neon
&$UJRQ '1HRQ
0DGGHQLQ)DUNO¿+žOOHULYH“]HOOLNOHUL *D]ODU¿QKžOGH½LÅLPLQGHQ
ŬĂƚŦ͕ ƐŦǀŦ ve gaz ŚąůůĞƌĚŝƌ͘ ƵŶůĂƌŦŶ ĚŦƔŦŶĚĂ ŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ
ŚąůĚĞďƵůƵŶĂŶĚĞŵŝƌ͕ŵŽƚŽƌůƵĂƌĂĕůĂƌĚĂĚĂƐŦǀŦǀĞŐĂnjŚąůĚĞLJĂŬŦƚůĂƌŬƵůůĂŶŦůŦƌ͘ V¿Y¿ODUDJ²UHID]ODG¿U<R½XQ
DĂĚĚĞƺĕĨĂƌŬůŦĨŝnjŝŬƐĞůŚąůĚĞďƵůƵŶƵƌ͘ƵŶůĂƌ
^ŦǀŦ ,ąů: dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝ ĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝ ďŽƔůƵŬ ŬĂƚŦůĂƌĂ ŐƂƌĞ ĚĂŚĂ ĨĂnjůĂ ŐĂnjůĂƌĂ ŐƂƌĞ ĚĂŚĂ ĂnjĚŦƌ͘ Genellikle E) Karbondioksit
(.DUERQGLRNVLW
plazma Śąůŝgaz
ĚĞǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘^ƚĂŶĚĂƌƚ ƔĂƌƚůĂƌĚĂďĂŬŦƌ͕ ŐƺŵƺƔ͕ ýOD£ODPDVLVWHPOHULQGH
ŬĂƚŦ͕ ƐŦǀŦ ve .DW¿+žO0DGGHQLQHQG¸]HQOL
ŚąůůĞƌĚŝƌ͘ ƵŶůĂƌŦŶ ĚŦƔŦŶĚĂ ŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ OXNODU¿NDW¿YHV¿Y¿ODUGDQGDKDD]G¿U3R]LWLIYH
LJŽŒƵŶůƵŬůĂƌŦŬĂƚŦůĂƌĚĂŶĚƺƔƺŬ͕ŐĂnjůĂƌĚĂŶLJƺŬƐĞŬƚŝƌ͘ <ĂƚŦŚąůŝŶĞŐƂƌĞĚƺnjĞŶƐŝnjĚŝƌ͘ dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵǀĞ &HYDS$
ƔĞŬĞƌ͕ ƚƵnj ǀĞ ŬƵŵ Őŝďŝ ŵĂĚĚĞůĞƌ ŬĂƚŦĚŦƌ͘^Ƶ͕ ďĞŶnjŝŶ͕
plazma Śąůŝ ĚĞǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘^ƚĂŶĚĂƌƚ YHHQG¸Å¸NHQHUMLOLKžOLGLU
ƔĂƌƚůĂƌĚĂďĂŬŦƌ͕ ŐƺŵƺƔ͕ ƂƚĞůĞŵĞŚĂƌĞŬĞƚŝLJĂƉĂƌ͘ ĞůŝƌůŝƔĞŬŝůůĞƌŝLJŽŬƚƵƌ͕ŚĂĐŝŵůĞƌŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘ ^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂŵĂnj͘ŬŦƔŬĂŶĚŦƌ͘2WRER\DPDPDNLQHOHULQGH
QHJDWLI\¸NOHULQVHUEHVW£HGRODÅW¿½¿WDQHFLNOHU Cevap: A
<ĂƚŦ,ąů͗DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶĚƺnjĞŶůŝǀĞĞŶĚƺƔƺŬĞŶĞƌũŝůŝŚąůŝĚŝƌ͘dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝĕĞŬŝŵŬƵǀǀĞƚůĞƌŝ
njĞLJƚŝŶLJĂŒŦ Őŝďŝ ŵĂĚĚĞůĞƌ ƐŦǀŦĚŦƌ͘ KŬƐŝũĞŶ͕ Ănjot, karbon %D]¿RWRPRELOYHNDP\RQODU¿QIUHQVLVWHPOH
ƔĞŬĞƌ͕ ƚƵnj ǀĞ ŬƵŵ Őŝďŝ ŵĂĚĚĞůĞƌ ŬĂƚŦĚŦƌ͘^Ƶ͕ ďĞŶnjŝŶ͕
7DQHFLNOHULDUDV¿QGDNL£HNLP
dioksit, LPG, helyum gaz GHQROXÅXU'L½HUKžOOHUHJ²UHWDQHFLNOHULQLQ
ďƺLJƺŬŽůĚƵŒƵŶĚĂŶ͕ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌďŝƌďŝƌŝŶĞƐŦŬŦďĂŒůĂŶŵŦƔƚŦƌ͘ƵŶĞĚĞŶůĞŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĚŝŒĞƌŚąůůĞƌŝŶĞŐƂƌĞ
ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘'ƺŶĞƔ͕ ĚŝŒĞƌ 3. Soru: 
njĞLJƚŝŶLJĂŒŦ Őŝďŝ ŵĂĚĚĞůĞƌ ƐŦǀŦĚŦƌ͘ KŬƐŝũĞŶ͕ Ănjot, karbon ULQGH
NXYYHWOHULE¸\¸NROGX½XQGDQ
ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌĂƌĂƐŦďŽƔůƵŬůĂƌŦĞŶĂnjŽůĂŶŦĚŦƌ͘
LJŦůĚŦnjůĂƌ͕ŵĂŐŵĂƚĂďĂŬĂƐŦ͕LJĂŶĂƌĚĂŒůĂƌĚĂŶĨŦƔŬŦƌĂŶůĂǀůĂƌ HQHUMLVLHQ\¸NVHNWLU%HOLUOLÅHNLOYHKDFLPOHUL
^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂŵĂnjůĂƌ͘ĞůŝƌůŝŚĂĐŝŵǀĞƔĞŬŝůůĞƌŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘ Tanecikleri  
dioksit,
plazmaLPG, helyum gaz ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘'ƺŶĞƔ͕ ĚŝŒĞƌ
ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘ ƐĂĚĞĐĞƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵŚĂƌĞŬeti yapar. DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶLJŽŒƵŶŚąůŝĚŝƌ;ŝnjŵƵƚ͕ƐƵŐŝďŝďŝƌŬĂĕŝƐƚŝƐŶĂĚŦƔŦŶĚĂͿ
2NVLMHQW¸SOHULQGH
WDQHFLNOHUELUELULQHV¿N¿
LJŦůĚŦnjůĂƌ͕ŵĂŐŵĂƚĂďĂŬĂƐŦ͕LJĂŶĂƌĚĂŒůĂƌĚĂŶĨŦƔŬŦƌĂŶůĂǀůĂƌ \RNWXU$N¿ÅNDQG¿U (ULPH <R½XQODÅPD
6¿FDNKDYDEDORQODU¿QGDYHVR½XWPDVLVWHP .DW¿ 6¿Y¿ *D]
plazma ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘ ED½ODQP¿ÅW¿U%XQHGHQOH
DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ&ĂƌŬůŦ,ąůůĞƌŝǀĞPnjĞůůŝŬůĞƌŝ Plazma Hâl: 'ƺŶĞƔ͕ ĚŝŒĞƌ LJŦůĚŦnjůĂƌ͕ ŵĂŐŵĂ ƚĂďĂŬĂƐŦ͕ LJĂŶĂƌĚĂŒůĂƌĚĂŶ ĨŦƔŬŦƌĂŶ ůĂǀůĂƌ ƉůĂnjŵĂ
6X'²QJ¸V¸ OHULQGHID\GDODQ¿O¿U
ŚąůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘ dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝďŽƔůƵŬŬĂƚŦǀĞƐŦǀŦůĂƌĂŐƂƌĞĨĂnjůĂĚŦƌ. zŽŒƵŶůƵŬůĂƌŦŬĂƚŦǀĞƐŦǀŦůĂƌĚĂŶ 'RQPD %XKDUODÅPD
PDGGHQLQGL½HUKžOOHULQHJ²UHWDQHFLNOHUDUDV¿ 'Ănj ,ąů: dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝ ĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝ ďŽƔůƵŬ ĞŶ ĨĂnjůĂĚŦƌ͘ <ĂƚŦ ǀĞ ƐŦǀŦůĂƌĂ ŐƂƌĞ LJŽŒƵŶůƵŒƵ ĚƺƔƺŬƚƺƌ͘ĚĂŚĂĂnjĚŦƌ͘WŽnjŝƚŝĨǀĞŶĞŐĂƚŝĨLJƺŬůĞƌŝŶƐĞƌďĞƐƚĕĞĚŽůĂƔƚŦŒŦƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌĚĞŶŽůƵƔƵƌ͘ŝŒĞƌŚąůůĞƌĞŐƂƌĞ
Ŷ  
DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶ&ĂƌŬůŦ,ąůůĞƌŝǀĞPnjĞůůŝŬůĞƌŝ „HYUHYHFDQO¿ODUL£LQROGXN£D²QHPOLRODQ
ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝŶŝŶĞŶĞƌũŝƐŝĞŶLJƺŬƐĞŬƚŝƌ͘ ĞůŝƌůŝƔĞŬŝůǀĞŚĂĐŝŵůĞƌŝLJŽŬƚƵƌ͘ŬŦƔŬĂŶĚŦƌ͘
ERÅOXNODU¿HQD]RODQ¿G¿U6¿N¿ÅW¿U¿ODPD]ODU 6X\XQKžOGH½LÅWLUHUHN\HU\¸]¸YHDWPRVIHU
ĚƺnjĞŶƐŝnj ŚąůĚŝƌ͘ dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝ ƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵ͕ ƂƚĞůĞŵĞ ǀĞ ĚƂŶŵĞ
^ŦǀŦ,ąů: dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝďŽƔůƵŬŬĂƚŦůĂƌĂŐƂƌĞĚĂŚĂĨĂnjůĂŐĂnjůĂƌĂŐƂƌĞĚĂŚĂĂnjĚŦƌ͘ ŚĂƌĞŬĞƚŝ LJĂƉĂƌ͘ Ğůŝƌůŝ ƔĞŬŝů ǀĞ ŚĂĐŝŵůĞƌŝ
Genellikle
6¸EOLPOHÅPH
<ĂƚŦ,ąů͗DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶĚƺnjĞŶůŝǀĞĞŶĚƺƔƺŬĞŶĞƌũŝůŝŚąůŝĚŝƌ͘dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝĕĞŬŝŵŬƵǀǀĞƚůĞƌŝ KžOGH½LÅLPLQGHQELU£RNHQG¸VWUL\HODODQGDGD 
%HOLUOLKDFLPYHÅHNLOOHULYDUG¿U7DQHFLNOHUL
LJŽŒƵŶůƵŬůĂƌŦŬĂƚŦůĂƌĚĂŶĚƺƔƺŬ͕ŐĂnjůĂƌĚĂŶLJƺŬƐĞŬƚŝƌ͘ DUDV¿QGDNL£HYULPLQHVXG²QJ¸V¸GHQLU'R½D
LJŽŬƚƵƌ͘^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂďŝůŝƌ͘ŬŦƔŬĂŶĚŦƌ͘
<ĂƚŦŚąůŝŶĞŐƂƌĞĚƺnjĞŶƐŝnjĚŝƌ͘ dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵ
ďƺLJƺŬŽůĚƵŒƵŶĚĂŶ͕ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌďŝƌďŝƌŝŶĞƐŦŬŦďĂŒůĂŶŵŦƔƚŦƌ͘ƵŶĞĚĞŶůĞŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĚŝŒĞƌŚąůůĞƌŝŶĞŐƂƌĞ \DUDUODQ¿O¿U
VDGHFHWLWUHÅLPKDUHNHWL\DSDU0DGGHQLQHQ
ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌĂƌĂƐŦďŽƔůƵŬůĂƌŦĞŶĂnjŽůĂŶŦĚŦƌ͘ GDNLVXG²QJ¸V¸\DÅDP¿QGHYDPO¿O¿½¿Q¿VD½ODU
ǀĞƂƚĞůĞŵĞŚĂƌĞŬĞƚŝLJĂƉĂƌ͘ ĞůŝƌůŝƔĞŬŝůůĞƌŝLJŽŬƚƵƌ͕ŚĂĐŝŵůĞƌŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘ ^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂŵĂnj͘ŬŦƔŬĂŶĚŦƌ͘
^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂŵĂnjůĂƌ͘ĞůŝƌůŝŚĂĐŝŵǀĞƔĞŬŝůůĞƌŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘ Tanecikleri 6DIELUPDGGHQLQKDOGH½LÅLP
^ĂĨďŝƌŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶŚĂůĚĞŒŝƔŝŵƔĞŵĂƐŦLJƵŬĂƌŦĚĂǀĞƌŝůŵŝƔƚŝƌ
<ĂƚŦ,ąů͗DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶĚƺnjĞŶůŝǀĞĞŶĚƺƔƺŬĞŶĞƌũŝůŝŚąůŝĚŝƌ͘dĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌŝĂƌĂƐŦŶĚĂŬŝĕĞŬŝŵŬƵǀǀĞƚůĞƌŝ +DYDGDQ$]RWYH2NVLMHQ(OGHVL
\R½XQKžOLGLU%L]PXWVXJLELELUND£LVWLVQD 6XGRQGX½XQGDVX\XQGL½HUPDGGHOHULQDNVL
ƐĂĚĞĐĞƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵŚĂƌĞŬeti yapar. DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶLJŽŒƵŶŚąůŝĚŝƌ;ŝnjŵƵƚ͕ƐƵŐŝďŝďŝƌŬĂĕŝƐƚŝƐŶĂĚŦƔŦŶĚĂͿ
ďƺLJƺŬŽůĚƵŒƵŶĚĂŶ͕ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌďŝƌďŝƌŝŶĞƐŦŬŦďĂŒůĂŶŵŦƔƚŦƌ͘ƵŶĞĚĞŶůĞŵĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĚŝŒĞƌŚąůůĞƌŝŶĞŐƂƌĞ ÅHPDV¿\XNDU¿GDYHULOPLÅWLU
ƵŶĂŐƂƌĞĂƔĂŒŦĚĂǀĞƌŝůĞŶŝĨĂĚĞůĞƌĚĞŶŚĂŶŐŝƐŝLJĂŶůŦƔ olu
„RNJHQLÅNXOODQ¿PDODQODU¿QDVDKLSRODQ
G¿Å¿QGD QHKDFPLDUWDU\R½XQOX½XD]DO¿U%XQHGHQOH
ƚĂŶĞĐŝŬůĞƌĂƌĂƐŦďŽƔůƵŬůĂƌŦĞŶĂnjŽůĂŶŦĚŦƌ͘ ^ŦŬŦƔƚŦƌŦůĂŵĂnjůĂƌ͘ĞůŝƌůŝŚĂĐŝŵǀĞƔĞŬŝůůĞƌŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘ Tanecikleri %XQDJ²UHDÅD½¿GDYHULOHQLIDGH
D]RWYHRNVLMHQLQHOGHHGLOGL½LHQ²QHPOLND\
6¿Y¿+žO7DQHFLNOHULDUDV¿Q
ƐĂĚĞĐĞƚŝƚƌĞƔŝŵŚĂƌĞŬeti EX]VXGD\¸]HU*²OYHGHQL]OHUGRQGX½XQGD
yapar. DĂĚĚĞŶŝŶĞŶLJŽŒƵŶŚąůŝĚŝƌ;ŝnjŵƵƚ͕ƐƵŐŝďŝďŝƌŬĂĕŝƐƚŝƐŶĂĚŦƔŦŶĚĂͿ OHUGHQKDQJLVL\DQO¿ÅROXU"
Ϳϭ͕ϮǀĞϱ͘ŽůĂLJůĂƌĚĂŵĂĚĚĞŦƐŦĂůŦƌ͘
QDNKDYDG¿U
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