The War Zone

New Maritime Strike Missile Concept

Unveiled By Northrop Grumman
Northrop Grumman’s maritime strike missile concept reflects huge
demand within the U.S. military for new longer-range and faster-flying
weapons.
BY
JOSEPH TREVITHICK

|
PUBLISHED APR 4, 2023 4:56 PM EDT

JOSEPH TREVITHICK
View Joseph Trevithick's Articles

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N orthrop Grumman has unveiled a new long-range, fast-flying maritime strike missile
concept that features an air-breathing propulsion system. This comes after a recent
announcement that the company had partnered with Raytheon to develop a very similar-
sounding missile as part of a project that will feed into future variants of the U.S. Army's
Precision Strike Missile.
A mockup of Northrop Grumman's new missile is on display at the Navy League's annual
Sea-Air-Space conference and exhibition just outside Washington, D.C., which opened
yesterday. The model depicting the maritime strike concept is situated below another one of
the company's AGM-88G Advanced Anti-Radiation Guided Missile-Extended Range (AARGM-
ER), which you can read more about here.

Details about the maritime strike missile concept are limited. A Northrop Grumman
representative at the show told The War Zone that the design leverages past work the
company has done and could conceivably be air-launched from a suitable platform, as well
as surface launched, such as from a ship or ground-based launcher.

The Navy did just recently award contracts for the development of an air-launched anti-ship
cruise missile as part of a program called Hypersonic Air-Launched Offensive Anti-Surface
Warfare, or HALO, as you can read more about here. A Northrop Grumman/Raytheon team
received one of those deals, but the representative at Sea-Air-Space told us that the maritime
strike missile concept isn't being developed right now in response to any particular
requirement from a branch of the U.S. military or another customer.

The model of the maritime strike missile features two pronounced strakes on opposite sides
of the missile's body, similar in broad strokes to those on the AARGM-ER, as well as just
three tail fins. On the AARGM-ER, the strakes are designed to provide additional lift and
maneuverability, especially at high speeds, in lieu of additional fins elsewhere along the
body. This, in turn, helps reduce drag and increases range and overall speed.

In terms of speed, the maritime strike missile concept is air-breathing, at least in part. It has
an intake under the nose often associated with ramjet and scramjet engines. Ramjets and
scramjets do not work effectively at low speeds, typically requiring missiles and aircraft that
use them to also have some kind of additional rocket booster to propel them first to an
optimal velocity. Ramjets and scramjets are generally associated with designs capable of
hypersonic or at least high-supersonic speeds. Hypersonic speed is generally defined as
anything above Mach 5.
The War Zone has reached out to Northrop Grumman for additional information about the
maritime strike missile concept's intended performance and capabilities, including how the
company may expect to be guided to its target. The mockup has a solid nose that could
indicate some kind of radar seeker, which is not uncommon for anti-ship missiles. The
missile could also use some combination of inertial and satellite navigation to get to a target
area first, which would give it a secondary capability against fixed targets ashore, as well.

It is just a mockup, so there is the possibility that a multi-mode guidance system could be
part of the concept. Imaging infrared seekers, which offer increased accuracy and target
discrimination, as well as resistance to electronic warfare and other countermeasures, are
increasingly common on anti-ship weapons.

The appearance of the maritime strike missile concept at Sea-Air-Space 2023 comes just over
a week after Northrop Grumman announced that it was partnering with Raytheon to
develop an experimental long-range strike missile as part of the Army's Long Range
Maneuverable Fires (LRMF) program. The weapon the companies are developing together is
called the DeepStrike-Extended Range (DeepStrike-ER), indicating that it is a derivative of
Raytheon's earlier DeepStrike short-range ballistic missile.
Raytheon had entered DeepStrike as a competitor for the Army's Precision Strike Missile
(PrSM) competition, but dropped out due to technical issues. Lockheed Martin subsequently
won the PrSM contract. The LRMF effort is a science and technology program that is
intended to mature an advanced air-breathing propulsion system and other technologies to
inform the final design of what is presently referred to as PrSM Increment 4.

PrSM Increment 4 will be a missile with the same form factor as the baseline PrSM short-
range ballistic missile from Lockheed Martin, but have a range of at least 1,000 kilometers
(approximately 621 miles). PrSM is already designed to be fired from the Army's existing
wheeled M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) and tracked M270 Multiple
Launch Rocket System (MLRS) launchers. The baseline variant has already demonstrated a
longer than originally planned range following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range
Nuclear Forces Treaty, or INF, between the United States and Russia. The INF has prohibited
either country from explicitly developing or fielding land-based ballistic or cruise missiles
with nuclear or conventional warfares capable of hitting targets between 310 and 3,420 miles
(500 and 5,500 kilometers) away.

“Northrop Grumman’s ongoing investment in new propulsion technologies and

infrastructure support the growing need for efficient and effective missile systems,” Jim
Kalberer, the company's vice president of missile products, said in a statement about the
LRMF contract on March 27. "Our mission-tailored solution will include advanced
propulsion technology and key components designed to increase capacity within the launch
system and achieve optimal range extension."

At the time of writing, there do not appear to be any renderings or pictures of mockups
available of the DeepStrike-ER missile. However, Lockheed Martin also won an LRMF
contract and a rendering of that company's design is very similar in general configuration to
the Northrop Grumman maritime strike missile concept.
Whether or not the new maritime strike missile concept and the Northrop
Grumman/Raytheon are directly related is unknown at this time and we have reached out
for more information. In response to separate queries, Lockheed Martin did tell The War
Zone that the final LRMF design, itself, is not intended to become an operational weapon.

"Phase 1 [of LRMF] focuses on design and risk-reduction activities, with optional follow-on
phases leading to flight test demonstration. Following flight tests, LRMF will transition to the
U.S. Army’s Strategic and Operational Rockets and Missiles (STORM) project office to inform
the design of an extended-range Precision Strike Missile (PrSM) Increment (Inc.) 4," a
spokesperson for the company told The War Zone in a statement. "The Army has not yet
issued requirements for the PrSM Inc. 4 program of record."

It is also worth noting that the Army is separately working toward a PrSM variant or
derivative with a still-to-be-finalized multi-mode guidance system that will be able to strike
ships, currently known as PrSM Increment 2.

Regardless, Northrop Grumman's new maritime strike missile concept and the Army's LRMF
program underscore the already large and still-growing interest within the U.S. military in
longer-range missiles with at least some degree of maneuverability to hit a variety of targets
over very long distances. There is also a clear continuing interest in new strike missiles with
high speeds, if not hypersonic speeds, to help reduce the vulnerability of friendly forces and
to be better able to address a variety of potential time-sensitive threats.

None of this is particularly surprising given the U.S. military's current top focus on the
possibility of a future high-end conflict in the broad Indo-Pacific region, potentially against
China. Limited fixed basing options, and concerns about the ever-growing threats to such
facilities presents a clear impetus for the development of longer-range weapons and new
platforms to employ them from.

Beyond LRMF and PrSM, the Army, in cooperation with the Navy, is developing an
intermediate-range missile with an unpowered hypersonic boost-glide vehicle payload that
is intended to be fired from ground-based launchers, ships, and submarines. The first Navy
vessels set to be armed with these weapons are its three Zumwalt class stealth destroyers.

Other types of surface-launched strike missiles with hypersonic or high-supersonic speeds,

including the improved Block IB version of the multi-purpose SM-6 missile and the OpFires
hypersonic missile, are now in development for the Navy, Marine Corps, and Army.
On the air-launched front, the U.S. Air Force is working on its own air-launched hypersonic
cruise missile. The service had been working on the AGM-183 Air-launched Rapid Response
Weapon (ARRW), an air-launched ballistic missile with a hypersonic boost-glide vehicle
payload, but it is now looking to halt development on that weapon.

No matter how Northrop Grumman's new maritime strike missile concept continues to
evolve and how the Army's LRMF program proceeds, more weapons in these general
categories look set to be in the U.S. military's future.

Contact the author: joe@thedrive.com

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