Chemistry Unit 4: The mole

The molecular mass of an element or compound is the sum of the relative atomic masses of the
atoms of the elements that appear in the chemical formula of the substance.

Sodium chloride (NaCl) Na = 23 Cl = 35,5

23 + 35,5 = 58,5

The mole is a standard unit for measuring large quantities of small entities, which can be atoms,
molecules, ions, electrons or other particles or groups of particles. It measures the number of
particles in a specific amount of a substance.

A mole (symbol, mol) is equal to 6.022 · 1023 identical particles.

𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑙  ·  6,022  ·  1023 𝑚𝑜𝑙  = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑙  =  
6,022  ·  1023  𝑚𝑜𝑙
Calculate the amount of substance of Ag = 6,022 · 1021
6,022  ·  1021 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠
𝐴𝑔 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠  =   = 0.01 𝑚𝑜𝑙
6,022  ·  1023  𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
Calculate the number of molecules in 0.5 mol of O2
0,5 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠  ·  6,022 · 1023 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 3,011 · 1023 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠

The molar mass (Mm) is the mass of one mole of atoms, molecules, particles, ions or any other unit
of substance. It’s expressed in kg/mol or in g/mol.

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝑚 (𝑔) 𝑔
𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠 tan 𝑐 𝑒  =   𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑙  =   𝑔 → 𝑚(𝑔) = 𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 𝑀𝑚  ( )
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑀𝑚  ( ) 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙