What makes a

plant different
from a fungus?
Kingdom
PLANTAE
by Ms. Biore C. Palao
 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson you should be
able to:
1. describe the structural
characteristics of plants;
2. identify the different groups of
plants;
3. describe each group of plants; and
4. cite examples of plants belonging
to each group.
 Characteristics of Plants
1. They are eukaryotic organisms
2. They are multicellular
3. Their cells have cell walls made up
of cellulose
4. Their cells contain chloroplast which
hold the chlorophyll
5. They can undergo photosynthesis.
 2 Major Groups
Lack vascular tissues
Nonvascular for water and nutrient
transport

Vascular Contains vascular

tissues: Xylem and
Phloem
 What is a Vascular Tissue?
• Tissue which helps transport water,
dissolved nutrients, food and other
organic substances between various
parts of the plant.
• They are like blood vessels in plants.
• There are two types of vascular
tissue: Xylem and Phloem
 Xylem Phloem
• Transports water and • Transport food and other
dissolved minerals from organic substances such as
roots to various parts of carbohydrates and proteins
the plant. from the leaves to the other
• It forms vascular bundle parts of the plant’s body.
with phloem. • It forms vascular bundle with
• It gives mechanical the xylem.
strength to the plant.
What are NONVASCULAR Plants?
• Plants that has no vascular tissues.
• They lack real roots, stems, and leaves.
• They grow on surfaces of rocks or trunks of
trees with the help of root-like structure called
rhizoid.
• They absorb water from the surrounding air
or other sources.
• They are generally found in moist areas or in
water.
 3 Divisions of Nonvascular Plants
The three division differ in the shape of the gametophyte which
is the sexual form of the plant in the alternation of generations.

Bryophyta Anthocerophyta Hepatophyta

Leaf-like Horn-like Liver-like
gametophyte gametophyte gametophyte

Moss Hornwort Liverwort

What are VASCULAR Plants?
• Have vascular tissues
• Also known as tracheophytes
• They have roots buried deep into the soil
that can obtain and transport nutrients to all
parts of the plant body.
• There are two divisions of vascular plants:
1. Spore-forming
2. Seed-bearing
Spore-forming Vascular Plants
• They do not produce seed.
• They reproduce by means of
spores.
• They have roots and leaves.
• Some species like the giant
ferns have trunks.
 Phylum Distinct Characteristics Example
Lycophyta It has tiny vertical leaves Ground Pine
(Lycopodophyta) arranged in a whorl
fashion on the stem,
resembling a branch of a
pine.

Sphenophyta Small fused scale leaves Equisetums (Horsetails)

 Phylum Distinct Characteristics Example
Psilophyta Earliest and simplest Whisk Fern
living vascular plant.
The “naked plant”.

Pteridophyta The body is in the form Fern

of extensive horizontal
rhizome that bears
roots, with extensive
leaves that may be
leathery or filmy.
Seed-bearing Vascular Plants
• They bear seeds for reproduction
• They have woody tissues that enable
them to grow in size
• They have woody stems called trunk
• Have more complex vascular tissue that
can transport water and nutrients to
greater heights.
2 Groups of Seed Plants
They produce seeds
Gymnosperm which are not produced
within the ovary. They
have “naked seeds”

Angiosperm They produce seeds

enclosed in an ovary
that develops into a
fruit.
 Phylum Distinct Characteristics Example
Cycadophyta Have large crown of Cycas
compound leaves on a
large trunk; generally
found in warm regions.

Coniferophyta Have needle-shaped Pines

leaves and seeds
contained in cones; found
in cold regions.
 Phylum Distinct Characteristics Example
Gingkophyta Have fan-shaped leaves; Gingko biloba
found in the wild of
China.

Gnetophyta Have vessel elements, Welwitschia

which transports water in
the plant
 Angiospermae
• Flowering vascular plant that reproduce
through seeds enclosed in fruits.
• Can reproduce sexually through
pollination, and asexually through
vegetative propagation.
• Grouped according to Monocots and
Dicots
 Cotyledon
is defined as "the embryonic leaf
in seed-bearing plants, one or
more of which are the first to
appear from a germinating seed.
Is it a monocot or
a dicot?
Rice
Monocot
Guava
Dicot
Dragon Fruit
Dicot
Coconut
Monocot
Pitcher Plant
Monocot
 Thank you
for listening!
DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS FOR ME?

OLDMEAD LEARNING SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN