1 CAPACITANCE

CHAMPIONS LECTURE SERIES

Chapter :- Capacitance - 4 P–050

Time: 2 Hrs

Lecture Planning & Flow

No. Lecture Contents Homework of this lecture

I Charge on Plate and Introduction of P arallel Plate For JEE Main/CET Aspirants
Capacitor.
Solve Abhyaas - I V (Level-I) with
detailed analysis and solutions (Don't
II just write the answer) on plane white
sheet of paper and submit.

III For JEE Advanced Aspirants

Solve Abhyaas - IV (Level-I & Level-II)
with Detailed analysis and solutions
IV Charging & Discharging at Capacitor. (Don't just write the answer) on plane
white sheet of paper and submit.

Has the student completed the homework of the previous lecture ?

STAMP
Roll No.

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CIRCUIT WITH RESISTORS AND CAPACITORS

(1) A resistor may be connected either in series or in parallel with the capacitor as shown below
Series RC Circuit Parallel RC Circuit
C R R

S V0 S V0

In this combination capacitor takes longer Resistor has no effect on the charging of capacitor.
time to charge. The charging current is Resistor provides an alternative path for the electric
maximum in the beginning; it decreases current.
with time and becomes zero after a long time.
(2) Three states of RC circuits
(i) Initial state : i.e., just after closing the switch or just after opening the switch.
(ii) Transient state : or instantaneous state i.e., any time after closing or opening the switch.
(iii) Steady state : i.e., a long time after closing or opening the switch. In the steady state condition, the
capacitor is charged or discharged.
(3) Charging and discharging of capacitor in series RC circuit : As shown in the following figure (i) when
switch S is closed, capacitor start charging. In this transient state potential difference appears across capacitor
as well as resistor. When capacitor gets fully charged the entire potential difference appeared across the capacitor
and nothing is left for the resistor. [shown in figure (ii)]
C R Steady state
C R + –
+ –
V0 Q0
V V V0  (Max charge)
(i) Transient state i (ii) C

+ –
+ – t  S V0
S V0 
(i) Charging : In transient state of charging charge on the capacitor at any instant Q  Q 0  1  e RC  and
 
 
  t 
potential difference across the capacitor at any instant V  V0  1  e RC 
 
 

Q0 V0

–t/RC –t/RC
Q Q = Q0(1 – e ) VC VC = V0(1 – e )

O t O t

(ii) Discharging : After the completion of charging, if battery is removed capacitor starts discharging.
In transient state charge on the capacitor at any instant Q  Q 0e  t/ RC and potential difference cross thee
capacitor at any instant V  V0 e  t /CR

Q0 V0

Q –t/RC VC –t/RC
Q= Q0 e VC = V0 e

O t O t

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 3 CAPACITANCE

(iii) Time constant ( ) : The quantity RC is called the time constant i.e.,   RC .In charging : It is defined
as the time during which charge on the capacitor rises to 0.63 times (63%) the maximum value. That is when
t    RC , Q  Q 0 (1  e 1 )  0.639 Q 0 or In discharging : It is defined as the time during which charge on
a capacitor falls to 0.37 times (37%) of the initial charge on the capacitor that is when, t    RC
Q  Q 0 (e 1 )  0.37Q 0

(iv) Mixed RC circuit : In a mixed RC circuit as shown below, when switch S is closed current flows through
the branch containing resistor as well as through the branch contains capacitor and resistor (because capacitor
is in the process of charging)
R1 R1
i

C R2 C R2
No
S i S
i R R current
V0 V0

Transient Steady state

When capacitor gets fully charged (steady state), no current flows through the line in which capacitor is connected.
V0
Therefore the current through resistor R1 is , hence potential difference across resistance will be equal
 R1  r 
V0
to R . The same potential difference will appear across the capacitor, hence charge on capacitor in
 R1  r  1
CV0 R1
steady state Q 
 R1  r 
Illustration-64 In the figure below, what is the potential difference between the points A and B and between B and C
3 F 1 F
respectively in steady state B

(a) 100 volts both 3 F 1 F

(b) VAB  75 volts, VBC  25 volts
1 F
(c) VAB  25 volts, VBC  75 volts
(d) VAB  50 volts VBC  50 volts
A C
100 V

Solution: (c) In steady state No current flows in the given circuit hence resistances can be eliminated
Parallel Parallel

3 F 1 F 6F 2 F C
B B B A B
A C Line (1)
3 F 1 F V1=VAB V2=VBC

A C  Line (2)
1 F 1 F

A C A C
+ –
100 V 100 V
By using the formula to find potential difference in series combination of two capacitor

  C2  C1 
 V1   C  C  .V and V2  V 
C2  C2 
  1 2 

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 4

 2   6 
V1  VAB     100  25V V2  VBC     100  75V.
26 26

Illustration-65 A capacitor of capacitance 5F is connected as shown in the figure. The internal resistance of the celll
1 1
is 0.5. The amount of charge on the capacitor plate is
5 F
(a) 0C (b) 5C 2

(c) 10C (d) 25C 2.5 V

+ –
Solution: (c) In steady state current drawn from the battery
1 1
2.5 Line (1)
i  1A In steady state capacitor
(1  1  0.5) 5 F 2
Line (2)
is fully charged hence No current will flow through line i 0.5 
(2) Hence potential difference across line (1) is
V  1  2  2volt the same potential difference appearss
across the capacitor, so charge on capacitor Q  5  2  10C

Illustration-66 When the key K is pressed at time t  0 . Which of the following statements about the current i inn
2V
the resistor AB of the adjoining circuit is true A 1000  B
K
(a) i  2mA at all t

1000 
(b) i oscillates between 1mA and 2mA

C=1F
(c) i = 1mA at all t
(d) At t = 0, i = 2mA and with time it goes to 1mA

Solution: (d) At t  0 whole current passes through capacitance; so effective resistance of circuit is 1000 and
nd
2
current i   2  10 3 A  2mA . After sufficient time, steady state is reached; then there is no
1000
current in capacitor branch; so effective resistance of circuit is 1000  1000  2000 and current
2
i  1  10 3 A  1mA i.e., current is 2mA at t  0 and with time it goes too 1mA
2000

Illustration-67 The plates of a capacitor are charged to a potential difference of 320 volts and are then connected
across a resistor. The potential difference across the capacitor decays exponentially with time. After 1
second the potential difference between the plates of the capacitor is 240 volts, then after 2 and 3
seconds the potential difference between the plates will be
(a) 200 and 180 volts (b) 180 and 135 volts
(c) 160 and 80 volts (d) 140 and 20 volts
Solution: (b) During discharging potential difference across the capacitor falls exponentially as V  V0e  t
( = 1/RC) Where V = Instantaneous P.D. and V0  max. P.D. across capacitor After 1 second
V1 = 320 (e–)
2
 3 3
 240 = 320 (e )  e 
–
After 2 s e c o n d s V 2 = 320 ( e –  ) 2  320     180 volt
4 4
3
3
After 3 seconds V3 = 320 (e ) = 320     135 volt
– 3
4

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 5 CAPACITANCE

ABHYAAS - IV

LEVEL - 0

Q-1 A capacitor of capacitance 100µF is charged by connecting it to a battery of emf 12V and internal resistance
2. The time taken before 99% of the maximum charge is stored on the capacitor-
(A) 0.92 ms (B) 0.4 ms (C) 0.8 ms (D) 0.1 ms

Q-2 A capacitor of capacitance 0.1 µF is charged to certain potential and allow to discharge through a
resistance of 10 M How long will it take for the potential to fall to one half of its original value-
(A) 0.1s (B) 0.2346 s (C) 1.386 s (D) 0.693 s

Q-3 A 500F capacitor is charged at a steady rate of 100c/sec. The potential difference across the
capacitor will be 10V after an interval of
(A) 5 sec. (B) 20 sec. (C) 25 sec. (D) 50 sec.

Q-4 A C. R series circuit is connected to a battery of e.m.f E. The time required by the capacitor to
acquire maximum charge, depends upon -
(A) R only (B) C only
(C) RC (D) applied potential difference

Q-5 Calculate the charge on the plates of the capacitor C in the given circuit -

ER 2 ER1 E r
(A) C × R  r (B) C × R  r
2 1
C R1
A B
E R1. R 2 E R1
(C) C × R  R (D) C × R  r R2
1 2 2

Q-6 In the adjoining circuit diagram E=5volt, r=1 ohm, R2=4ohm, R 1=R3=1ohm and C=3F. Then
the numerical value of the charge on each plate of the capacitor is -
C
(A) 24c R1 C

(B) 12c R2

(C) 6c
C R3 C

(D) 3c
E, r

Q-7 Two condensers of capacities 2C and C are joined in parallel and charged upto potential V. The
battery is removed and the condenser of capacity C is filled completely with a medium of dielectric
constant K . The p.d. across the capacitors will now be
3V 3V V V
(A) (B) (C) (D)
K2 K K2 K

Q-8 0.2F capacitor is charged to 600V by a battery. On removing the battery. It is connected with
another parallel plate condenser (1.0F). The potential decreases to
(A) 100 volts (B) 120 volts
(C) 300 volts (D) 600 volts

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 6
Q-9 A 0.01F capacitor is charged to a potential of 500v. It is then connected to an instrument of input
capacitance 1.0F. The p.d across the instrument in V is now
(A) 1.00 (B) 4.95 (C) 5.00 (D) 50.0

Q-10 A condenser of capacitance 10F has been charged to 100V. It is now connected to another
uncharged condenser. The common potential becomes 40V. The capacitance of another condenser
is -
(A) 5F (B) 10F (C) 15F (D) 20F

Q-11 A capacitor having capacitance C is charged to a voltage V. It is then removed and connected
in parallel with another identical capacitor which is uncharged. The new charge on each capacitor
is now
(A) CV (B) CV/2 (C) 2CV (D) CV/4

Q-12 Two capacitors of capacities C1 and C2 are charged to voltages V1 and V2 respectively. There will
be no exchange of energy in connecting them in parallel. If
C1 C 2
(A) C1 = C2 (B) C1V1 = C2V2 (C) V1 = V2 (D)
V1 = V2

Q-13 Three capacitors A , B and C are connected to a battery of 25volt as shown in the figure. The ratio
of charges on capacitors A , B and C will be -
(A) 5 : 2 : 3 A
(B) 5 : 3 : 2 5F
B C
(C) 2 : 5: 3 25V
8F 12F
(D) 2 : 3 : 5

Q-14 Four equal capacitors , each with a capacitance (C) are connected to a battery of E.M.F 10volts
as shown in the adjoining figure. The mid point of the capacitor system is connected to earth.
Then the potentials of B and D are respectively -
A C
(A) +10volts , zero volts
(B) +5volts , –5 volts
(C) –5 volts, +5volts
B D
(D) zero volts, 10 volts
Earth

Q-15 A circuit has a section AB as shown in the fig. With E = 10V , C 1 = 1.0F,
C2 = 2.0F and the potential difference
VA – VB = 5V. The voltage across C1 is - A
E
B
– +
(A) zero (B) 5v
C1 C2
(C) 10v (D) 15 v

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 7 CAPACITANCE

Q-16 The potential difference between points (A) and (B) of the circuit is
(A) (C2 – C1 ) E
A
(B) (C4 – C3) E C1 C2

( C 2 C 3  C1C 4 ) E
(C) (C  C  C  C ) C4
1 2 3 4 C3
B
(C 2 C 3  C1C 4 ) E
(D) (C  C ) (C  C )
1 2 3 4
E

Q-17 A 1F capacitor is connected in the circuit shown below. The e.m.f of the cell is 2 volts and
internal resistance is 0.5 ohm. The resistors R1 and R 2 have values 4ohm and 1 ohm respectively.
The charge on the capacitor must be- E=2v, r = 0.5

(A) 2C
(B) 1C 1F R1

(C) 1.33C
R2
(D) zero

Q-18 In the figure shown, the capacity of the condenser C is 2F. The current in 2 resistor is
(A) 9 A 

(B) 0.9 A
1 
(C) A 2F 4
9
1 + –
(D) A 6V 2.8
0.9

Q-19 In the circuit shown here C1 = 6F, C2 = 3F and battery B = 20V. The Switch S1 is first closed.
It is then opened and afterwards S 2 is closed. What is the charge finally on C 2
(A) 120C C2 3F
(B) 80C S2
C1 6F
(C) 40C
(D) 20C S1

B = 20V

Q-20 As in figure shown, if a capacitor C is charged by connecting it with resistance R, then energy is
given by the battery will be C
12 1
(A) CV (B) More than CV 2
2 2
1 R
(C) Less than CV 2 (D) Zero
2 V

Q-21 A parallel plate capacitor has plate area A and separation d. It is charged to a potential difference
V0. The charging battery is disconnected and the plates are pulled apart to three times the initial
separation. The work required to separate the plates is
30 AV02  0 AV02  0 AV02  0 AV02
(A) (B) (C) (D)
d 2d 3d d

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Q-22 A capacitor of capacity C1 is charged to the potential of V0. On disconnecting with the battery,
it is connected with a capacitor of capacity C 2 as shown in the adjoining figure. The ratio of energies
before and after the connection of switch S will be
(A) (C1 + C2)/C1
(B) C1/(C1 + C2) S
C1V0 C2
(C) C1C2
(D) C1/C2

Q-23 Condenser A has a capacity of 15F when it is filled with a medium of dielectric constant 15. Another
condenser B has a capacity of 1F with air between the plates. Both are charged separately by a
battery of 100 V. After charging, both are connected in parallel without the battery and the dielectric
medium being removed. The common potential now is
(A) 400 V (B) 800 V (C) 1200 V (D) 1600V

Q-24 A parallel plate capacitor is charged to a potential difference of 50 V. it is discharged through a resistance.
After 1 second, the potential difference between plates becomes 40 V. Then
(A) Fraction of stored energy after 1 second is 16/25
(B) Potential difference between the plates after 2 seconds will be 32 V
(C) Potential difference between the plates after 2 seconds will be 20 V
(D) Fraction of stored energy after 1 second is 4/5
Q-25 Three identical capacitors are given a charge Q each and they ae then allowed to discharge through
resistance R 1, R 2 and R 3. Their charges, as a function of time shown in the graph below. The
smallest of the three resistance is
(A) R3 Q

(B) R 2
R3
(C) R 1
R1 R2
(D) Cannot be predicted
t

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 9 CAPACITANCE

ABHYAAS - IV

LEVEL - I

Q-1 A capacitor of capacitance C, a resistor of resistance R and a battery of emf  are connected in series at
t = 0. What is the maximum value of
(a) the potential difference across the resistor. (b) the current in the circuit.
(c) the potential difference across the capacitor. (d) the energy stored in the capacitor.
(e) the power delivered by the battery. (f) the power converted into heat.

Q-2 Find the final charges in steady state on the four capacitors of capacitance 2F, 4F, 6F and 8F as shown in
figure. (Assuming initially they are uncharged).
Also find the current through the wire AB at steady state.
2 4
A B

6
2F 4F

6 12v

6 12v
2 4

6
6F 8F

Q-3 In steady state, i1 6 F i4 20

(i) find the charge on the capacitor shown in figure. i2 i5
(ii) Find out values of i1, i2 , i3 , i4 and i5 10 20

i3 2V
Q-4 Find the potential difference between the points A and B and between the points B and C of figure in steady
1F
state.
3F B 1F

3F 1F

A C
30  100 V 20

Q-5 A part of circuit in a steady state along with the current flowing in the branches, the values of resistance etc., is
shown in the figure. Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor C (4F)
1A

3
4V 3 5
2A
C 4mF 1

3V 1 2
2A 4
3

1A

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 10
Q-6 Calculate the steady state current in the 2  resistor shown in the circuit (see figure). The internal resistance of
the battery is negligible and the capacitance of the condenser C is 0.2 F
2

3

C 4

2.8

V=6 volt
Q-7 A varying voltage is applied to the clamps AB (figure a) such that the voltage across the capacitor plates varies
as shown in figure b.
V

A C

B t0 2t0 3t0 5t 0 t
(a)
(b)
Plot the time dependence of voltage across the clamps CD.

Q-8 (a) What is the potential of point a with respect to point b in figure, when switch S is open ?
(b) Which point, a or b, is at the higher potential ?
(c) What is the final potential of point b with respect to ground when switch S is closed in steady state ?
(d) How much charge flows through switch S from a to b after it is closed ?
V=18.0V (applied)

6.00 6.00F

a b
S

3.00 3.00F

Q-9 A capacitor of capacitance C charged by battery at V volt and then disconnected. At t = 0, it is connected
to an uncharged capacitor of capacitance 2C through a resistance R. Find the charge on the second
capacitor as a function of time.

Q-10 A capacitor of capacitance C is charged by charge q0 . At t = 0, it is connected to a battery of emf V and

internal resistance r. Find the charge on the capacitor at time t (positive plate of capacitor connected with
positive plate of battery).

Q-11 A capacitor is connected to a 12 V battery through a resistance of 10. It is found that the potential difference
across the capacitor rises to 4.0 V in 1s. Find the capacitance of the capacitor.
(Given : n3 = 1.0986, n2 = 0.693)

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 11 CAPACITANCE

Q-12 A capacitor of capacity 1 F is connected in a closed series circuit with a resistance of 10 7 ohms, an open
key and a cell of 2 V with negligible internal resistance:
(i) When the key is switched on at time t = 0, find;
(a) The time constant for the circuit. (b) The charge on the capacitor at steady state.
(c) Time taken to deposit charge equal to half of charge that will deposit at steady state.
(ii) If after completely charging the capacitor, the cell is shorted by zero resistance at time t = 0, find the
charge on the capacitor at t = 50 s. (Given : e–5 = 6.73 × 10–3 , n2 = 0.693)

Q-13 A capacitor of capacitance 200 F is connected across a battery of emf 10.0 V through a resistance of 40 k for
16.0 s. The battery is then replaced by a thick wire. What will be the charge on the capacitor 16.0 s after the
battery is disconnected ? (Given : e–2 = 0.135)

Q-14 The electric field between the plates of a parallel–plate capacitance 2.0 F drops to one third of its initial value
in 4.4 s when the plates are connected by a thin wire. Find the resistance of the wire.
(Given : n3 = 1.0986)

Q-15 A 5.0 F capacitor having a charge of 20 C is discharged through a wire of resistance 5.0 . Find the heat
dissipated in the wire between 25 to 50 s after the connections are made. (Given : e–2 = 0.135)

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 12

ABHYAAS - IV

LEVEL - II

Q-1 Find out capacitance between A and B if three dielectric slabs of dielectric constant K 1 of area A1
and thickness d, K 2 of area A2 and thickness d 1 and K 3 of area A2 and thickness d 2 are inserted
between the plates of parallel plate capacitor of plate area A as shown in figure. (Given distance
between the two plates d= d1+ d2)
A
A1 A2

K2 d1
K1

K3 d2

Q-2 A parallel plate capacitor is filled by a dielectric whose relative permittivity varies with the
applied voltage according to the law  r   V, where   1 per volt. An other same (but containing
no dielectric) capacitor charged to a voltage V = 156 volt is connected in parallel to the
first “non—linear” uncharged capacitor. Determine the final voltage Vf across the capacitors.

Q-3 Figure shows a parallel plate capacitor with its plate area A=lb and plate separation d at left end of
the plates. Upper plate of capacitor is slightly tilted by a very small angle  as shown. Find the
capacitance of this capacitor.


Q-4 d A parallel plate capacitor consists of two metal plates of area A and
separation d. A slab of thickness t and electric constant K is inserted
between the plates with its faces parallel to the plates and having the
K
same surface area as that of the plates. Find the capacitance of the system.
If K = 2, for what value of t/d will the capacitance of the system be 3/2 times
dt
t that of the air capacitor? Calculate the energy in the two cases and
account for the energy change.

Q-5 Two identical capacitors are connected as shown in figure. A dielectric slab is introduced between
the plates of one of the capacitors so as to fill the gap, the battery remaining connected.
What will be the charge, potential difference and stored energy for each capacitor?(initial charge
on each capacitor = q0, initial stored energy = U0)

I
2V0
B

K
II

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 13 CAPACITANCE

Q-6 A capacitor consists of two stationary plates shaped as a semi-circle of radius R and a movable
plate made of dielectric with permittivity K and capable of rotating about an axis O between the
stationary plates. The thickness of movable plate is equal to d which is practically the separation
between the stationary plates. A potential difference V is applied to the capacitor. Find the
magnitude of the moment of forces relative to the axis O acting on the movable plate in the position
shown in figure.

Q-7 (a) A parallel plate capacitor of plate area 2m 2 and plate separation 5 mm is charged
to 10,000V in vacuum. Compute the capacitance, charge, charge density, field intensity
and the displacement in the space between the plates.
(b) The charging battery is removed and the space between the plates is filled with a material
of dielectric coefficient 5. Compute the new capacitance and the potential difference.
(c) If now the dielectric sheet is removed and replaced by two sheets, one 2mm thick of
dielectric coefficient 5 and the other 3mm thick of dielectric coefficient 2, compute the
electric field intensity in each dielectric and the potential difference across the capacitor.

2nm 3nm

Q-8 In the arrangement shown in figure, a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is partially
inside a parallel plate capacitor. Assuming gravity to be absent, calculate the extension in the
spring if the whole system is in equilibrium. If the slab is slightly displaced will it perform SHM?
If the battery is disconnected and then the slab is slightly displaced, will it perform SHM?
Given that l is the length of the plates, b is the breadth of plates and d is the separation between
the plates.
+ k
V

Q-9 Figure shows two parallel plate capacitors with fixed plates and connected to two batteries.
The separation between the plates is the same for the two capacitors. The plates are rectangular
in shape with width b and length l1 and l2. The left half of the dielectric slab has a dielectric
constant k1 and the right half k2. Neglecting any friction, find the ratio of the voltage of the left
battery to that of the right battery for which the dielectric slab may remain in equilibrium.
l1 l2

+ +

K1 K2

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 14
Q-10 There is a double layer cylindrical capacitor whose parameters are shown in figure.
The breakdown field strength values for these dielectrics are equal to E 1 and E 2 respectively.
What is the breakdown voltage of this capacitor if 1 R1 E1<  2 R2 E2?

R2
R1
R3

Q-11 Between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor there is a metallic plate whose thickness
takes up   0.60 of the capacitor gap. When that plate is absent the capacitor has a
capacity C = 20 nF. The capacitor is connected to a constant voltage source V= 100V.
The metallic plate is slowly extracted from the gap. Find the mechanical work performed in the
process of plate extraction.

Q-12 Consider the situation shown in figure. The plates of the capacitor have plate area A and
are clamped in the laboratory. The dielectric slab is released from rest with length a inside
the capacitor. Neglecting any effect of friction or gravity, show that the slab will execute
periodic motion and find its time period. (Width of plates = b, mass of slab = M)
l
l

e K d

Q-13 Figure shows a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A = l b with separation d connected
to a battery via a switch S. Capacitor plates are kept vertical and touched on the surface of a liquid
of density  as shown. If S is closed find the height between plates to which the liquid level will rise.
+
V S

Q-14 Figure shows a horizontal parallel plate capacitor is lowered on a liquid surface in such a way
that its lower plate is just submerged in the liquid of dielectric constant k. Find the height to which
the liquid level will be raised between the plates if the capacitor plates are given a surface
charge density   and   on its plates.

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 15 CAPACITANCE

Q-15 A parallel plate capacitor is made by fixing two plates inside

of a container as shown in figure. The plates are connected to a
battery of voltage V. If at t = 0 the tap is opened from which
a liquid of dielectric constant k starts filling in the container at a
lx constant rate of r m 3/s, find the current in connecting wires as a
function of time. Neglect any resistance in connecting wires.

x b

Q-16 A parallel plate capacitor of plate area A = 10 –2m2 and plate separation d= 10–2m is charged
to V 0 = 100V. Then after removing the charging battery, a slab of insulating material of
thickness b= 0.5 x 10–2m and dielectric constant k = 7 is inserted between the plates. Calculate
the free charge on the plates of the capacitor, electric field intensity in air, electric field intensity
in the dielectric, potential difference between the plates and capacitance with dielectric present
between plates.

Q-17 A potential difference of 100V is applied between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor,
which are 1cm apart. One of the plates is in contact with a plane parallel plate of crystalline
thallium bromide (k = 173) 9.5mm thick. After the capacitor is disconnected from the source of
power, the crystalline plate is removed. What will be the potential difference between the plates
after this is done?
Q-18 A cylindrical layer of dielectric with dielectric constant k is inserted into a cylindrical capacitor
to fill up all the space between the electrodes. The mean radius of the electrodes is equal to R,
the gap between them is equal to d with d<< R. A constant voltage V is applied across the
electrodes of the capacitor. Find the magnitude of the electric force pulling the dielectric into
the capacitor.

Q-19 Two parallel plate capacitors A and B have the same separation d = 8.85 x 10–4m between the plates.
The plate area of A and B are 0.04m2 and 0.02m2 respectively. A slab of dielectric constant k = 9
has dimensions such that it can exactly fill the space between the plates of capacitor B.
(a) The dielectric slab is placed inside A as shown in figure (a). A is then charged to a
potential difference of 110V. Calculate the capacitance of A and the energy stored in it.
(b) The battery is disconnected and then the dielectric slab is removed from A. Find the work
done by the external agency in removing the slab from A.
(c) The same dielectric slab is now placed inside B, filling it completely. The two capacitors A and
B are then connected as shown in figure (c). Calculate the energy stored in the system.

A B A
B

(a) (b) (c)

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 16
Q-20 Two parallel plate air filled capacitors, each of capacitance C are joined in series to a source
of constant voltage V. The space between the plates of one of the capacitors is the completely filled
up with a uniform dielectric having dielectric constant K.
(a) How many times the electric field strength in that capacitor decrease ?
(b) What amount of charge flows through the battery?

Q-21 The gap between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor is filled with isotropic dielectric
whose relative permittivity  varies linearly from  1 to  2 (  2 >  1) in the direction perpendicular
to the plates. The area of each plate is equal to A, the separation between the plates is equal to d.
Find the capacitance of the capacitor.

Q-22 A leaky parallel capacitor is filled completely with a material having dielectric constant K = 5 and
electrical conductivity   7.4  1012 1m1 . If the charge on the plate at the instant t = 0 is
q = 8.85 C , then calculate the leakage current at the instant t = 12s.

Q-23 Two parallel conducting plates of area A charge +q and – q are as shown is figure.
A dielectric slab of dielectric constant k and thickness d and a conducting plate of same
thickness d is inserted between them. Taking x = 0 at positive pine and x = 5d at negative plate,
plot E–x and V–x graphs. Here E is the electric field and V the potential.
+q q
+
+
+
Conductor
Dielectric

+
+
+
+
d d d d d

Q-24 A parallel plate capacitor is half filled with a dielectric of relative permittivity k and of
mass M. Capacitor is attached with a cell of voltage E. Plates are held fixed on smooth
insulating horizontal surface. A bullet of equal mass M hits the dielectric elastically and its
found that dielectric just leaves out the capacitor. Find speed of bullet.

b
2a

V0 E

Q-25 A parallel plate capacitor is charged to a potential difference V across its plates. The capacitor
is now disconnected from the battery and is placed vertically on the surface of a liquid of density  .
If the liquid rises up to a maximum height h inside the capacitor plates, calculate the potential
difference V, initially applied across the plates. Given that the plates are of area A and length l. They
are separated by a distance d and the space between them is filled with a dielectric substance
having dielectric constant k.

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 17 CAPACITANCE

Q-26 Calculate the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor, with plate area A and distance between
plates d, when filled with a dielectric whose dielectric constant varies as
d
  x   0  x 0x
2
d
  x   0    d  x  ,  x  d.
2
For what value of  would the capacitance of capacitor becomes of the capacitor twice that
when it is without any dielectric?

Q-27 A parallel plate capacitor is to be designed with a voltage rating 1kV using a material of
dielectric constant 10 and dielectric strength 10 6 V/m –1. What minimum area of the plates
is required to have a capacitance of 88.5 pF ?

Q-28 A potential difference of 300V is applied between the plates of a plane capacitor spaced 1cm
apart. A plane parallel glass plate with a thickness of 0.5cm and a plane parallel paraffin plate
with a thickness of 0.5cm are placed in the space between the capacitor plates find
(a) intensity of electric field in each layer
(b) the drop of potential in each layer
(c) the surface charge density of the free charge on the plates. Given that : kparaffin=2, kglass= 6.

ANSWERS
Abhyaas - IV (Level - 0)
Q-1 (A) Q-2 (D) Q-3 (D) Q-4 (C) Q-5 (A) Q-6 (C) Q-7 (A)
Q-8 (A) Q-9 (B) Q-10 (C) Q-11 (B) Q-12 (C) Q-13 (A) Q-14 (B)
Q-15 (C) Q-16 (D) Q-17 (C) Q-18 (B) Q-19 (C) Q-20 (B) Q-21 (A)
Q-22 (A) Q-23 (B) Q-24 (A,B) Q-25 (C)

Abhyaas - IV (Level - I)
 1 2 2
Q-1 (a)  (b) (c) e (d) C2 (e) (f)
R 2 R R

Q-2 4 C, 16 C, 12 C and 32 C, 1 A.

Q-3 (i) 6 C

(ii) 0, 1/10 A, 1/10 A, 1/20 A, 1/20 A.

Q-4 25 V and 75 V.

1
Q-5 (4 × 10–6) (12)2 J = 0.288 mJ
2

Q-6 9/10 A

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IIT JEE|PHYSICS 18

VCD

Q-7 3t0 5t0

t
t0 2t0

Q-8 (a) – 6.00 V (b) b (c) 6.00 V (d) –54 C

3t
2Q  –
2RC

Q-9 q=  1 – e 
3  

Q-10 CV(1 – e –t/Cr) + q0e–t/Cr

107
Q-11 F = 0.25 F
ln(3 / 2)

Q-12 (i) (a) 10 s

(b) 2C (c) 10 ln2 = 6.93 sec. (ii) q = (2 e–5 )C = 1.348 x 10-8 C

Q0
(c) Q= = Q0(1 – e–t/Rc)
2
t
= ln2  t = 10 ln2 = 6.93 sec.
RC
(ii) q = q0e–t/RC = 2 x 10–6 e–50/10 = 2 x 10–6 e–5 = 1.348 x 10–8 C.

Q-13 q = 20 x 10–4 (1 – e–2)e–2 = 233.55 C

11
Q-14 = 2.0 .
5n3

Q-15 40 (1 – e–2)e–2 J = 4.7 J.

Abhyaas - IV (Level - II)

A 2K 2K 3 0 AK 
Q-1 C eq   1 1 0
K 2 d 2  K 3 d1 d1  d 2

Q-2 12V

0 A  l 
Q-3 C  1
d  2d 

t 2 Ei 3
Q-4  ; 
d 3 Ef 2
(When a dielectric is introduced, it decreases the potenitial energy of the condenser. The loss is used
up to polarise the dielectric.)

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 19 CAPACITANCE

2q 0 2V0 2V0  2K 
2 4K
Q-5 q , V1  , V2  U1   U U2  U0
1  1 / K   1  1 / K   1  K  ,  0
1 K 
,
1  K 
2

0 R 2
Q-6   K  1 V 2
4d

Q-7 (a) C 0  3.54  10 9 F , q 0  3.54  105 C , 0  1.77  10 5 C m 2 ,

E 0  2  10 6 V m , D0  1.77  105 m

(b) C  1.77  10 8 F , V = 2000V

(c) E1  4  105 V m , E 2  106 V m , V1  800 V , V2 = 3000V

V 20 b  k  1
Q-8 (i) x
2kd
(When battery is connected the force on dielectric is constant and does not depend upon x,
it will not execute SHM.)

Q 2 d  k  1
(ii) 2
 kx
2 0 b  l  x  kx 
(When battery is disconnected the force on dielectric depends upon x but not a linear
function so in this case also if will not execute SHM.)

K2  1
Q-9
K1  1

1 R 1 R    
Q-10 V  E1 1 R 1  log e 2  log e 3  ,  as  E1R11 
 1 R1  2 R2   20 

Q-11 150J

Md  l  a 
Q-12 T  8
b 0  K  1  V 2

0 V 2  k  1
Q-13 h
2d 2g

h

2 k 2  1 
Q-14 2
2 0 k g

V 0 r
Q-15  k  1
d2

Q-16 16F

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Q-17 1802V

RV 2
Q-18 F x  0  k  1
d

Q-19 (a) 2 x 10–9 F , 1. 21 x 10–5J, (b) 4.84 x 10–5J, (c) 1.1 x 10–5J

K 1 CV  K  1 
Q-20 (a)  , (b)
 2 
 2  K  1 

Q-21
2  1  0 A
2
d log e
1

Q-22 0.2A

E V

E0 V 0 -E0 d
V 0 -E0 d-Ed
Q-23 E0 V 0 -2E0 d-Ed
K V0 -3E0 d-Ed

O d 2d 3d 4d 5d x O d 2d 3d 4d 5d
x

12
  ab  K  1 
Q-24 E 0 
 Md 

ghd 2  l  h  k  1 
Q-25
0 l  k  1

 d  d
2  0  2   0  2 
Q-26 n   ;  is given the relation d  4 0 n  
A  0   0 
 
   

Q-27 10–3 m2

Q-28 (a) 1.55 x 104V/m, 4.5 x 104V/m; (b) 75V, 225 V (c) 8 x 10–7C/m2

“I have not failed.

I’ve just found 10,000 ways
that won’t work.”

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