ADVANCED OXIDATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER

Ranveer Singh < 2022CHE2138 >

industrial effluent wastewater. The

In many countries, the
presence of a particular type of phenolic.
unavailability of freshwater is a
In the present study, Safranin dye is in
significant issue due to the limited
question. Safranin Dye is found in the
freshwater sources. The WHO
wastewater released from various process
estimates that roughly 13% of the
industries such as textile, paper, cosmetics,
world’s population drinks water from
dyes, and plastics.
unprotected sources. Various Process
Industries produce a large amount of The study’s aim was Catalytic Wet

industrial wastewater. Discharge of in- Peroxidation(CWPO) of aromatic

dustries effluent into the water bodies is compounds such as Safranin Dye at

harmful to the human and aquatic laboratory scale in a batch process using

bodies. The wastewater producing 2.5% & 5.0% wt % Cu/Al2O3 (2.5 & 5.0 wt

industries like textile, coke plant, % Copper supported on Granular Activated

petrochemical, chemical, refineries, Alumina) and 2.5 & 5.0 wt %

pesticide plants, and paint contain Cu/Montmorillonite(2.5 & 5.0 wt % Copper

several toxic organic and inorganic. Supported on Montmorillonite). The

Aromatic compounds are one of the conditions optimized for Safranin using 5

most abundant pollutants present in the wt% Cu/Activated Alumina and 5 wt%

wastewater released from these Cu/Montmorillonite were (Co= 50 mg/L, T=

industries. Aromatic chemicals, such as 60°C, Cw= 2 g/L, and H2O2= 1) and (Co=

phenolic compounds and their 50 mg/L, T= 60°C, Cw= 2 g/L, and H2O2=

derivatives, are essential pollutants 1) respectively. The reaction mechanism

found in groundwater, and even in low was pro- posed using Mass Spectroscopy

quantities, they are detrimental to analysis of initial, final, and intermediate

aquatic life (Azam et al., 2009; Aghav samples of the CWPO process.

et al., 2011). Catechol, resor- cinol, and

hydroquinone are the three main
phenolic chemicals found in the
LITERATURE REVIEW Synthesis of Cu/Al2O3 and
Cu/Montmorillonite
In a study by Li et al. (2019), the efficiency of
advanced oxidation of azo dyes using safranin
dye and hydrogen peroxide was investigated.
The results showed that the use of safranin
dye and hydrogen peroxide as AOP achieved a
high degradation rate of azo dyes.
In a similar study, Almeida et al. (2019)
investigated the degradation of textile dyes
using the advanced oxidation process with
safranin dye and hydrogen peroxide. The
results showed that the process achieved a
high degree of dye degradation and was
effective for the treatment of industrial
wastewater.
The study by Kim et al. (2018) investigated the
degradation of endocrine disrupting
chemicals (EDCs) using Safranin dye and
hydrogen peroxide as AOP. The results
showed that the process was very effective for
the degradation of EDCs in industrial
wastewater. Different wt. % of Cu (2.5% and 5%) was
measured from the compound Cu(NO3)2.3H2O
The study by Qin et al. (2020) investigated the (Copper Nitrate Hydrate) and was dissolved in
degradation of industrial wastewater
de-ionized water (50ml). 20g of Al2O3 (Acidic)
containing a mixture of dyes using the
and Montmorillonite as support were added to
advanced oxidation process with safranin dye
and hydrogen peroxide. The results showed the above solution. This suspension is then
that this process achieved a high degree of dye heated at 85 under continuous stirring to remove
degradation and effectively removed. the solvent. The obtained solid is then put in an
oven at 100’C overnight and calcinated in a
muffle furnace at 650’C for 4 hours. The cooling
MATERIALS AND METHODS was done at room temperature.

Materials
Analytical reagent (AR) grade chemicals were
employed throughout. Safranin Dye (basic),
Activate alumina (ASES chemical works),
Montmorillonite(Sigma-Aldrich), copper
nitrate tri- hydrate (Merc Specialties Private
Ltd.) and 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Safranin Dye Treatment with Cu/AA
Effect of Active metal (Cu) Loading (2.5
and 5.0 wt% Cu/AA)
Active metal (Cu) conc. is varied (2.5%
and 5%) while keeping other parameters
constant. Withincrease in the Cu wt. %,
the % removal of dye also increases due
to the fact of having more active sites for
reaction to happen.
Effect of Catalyst dose (5.0 wt% Cu/AA)
The increase in dose (0.25g/L-2g/L)
results in the increase of % the removal
of safranin. The increase of (5 % Cu/AA)
dose results in an increase in production of
•OH and, consequently, enhances the
safranin degradation performance.
Effect of H2O2 Concentration (5.0 wt%
Cu/AA)
H2O2 plays an important role for the
CWPO process. As the concentration of
H2O2 increases, the number of OH- ions
produced will increase which helps in the
degradation of organic com- pounds in
CWPO process.
Effect of Initial Concentration of Dye(5.0
wt% Cu/AA)
From the graph, it can be observed that
50mg/l degrades in less time when
compared with other concentration.
Effect of Temperature (5.0 wt% Cu/AA)
From the experimental data, it was
observed that with an increase in
temperature from 40 0C to 60 0C
removal percentage increased at any
particular time.
CONCLUSIONS
Result reveals that with modified
catalysts the Catalytic wet peroxidation
efficiency was improved in the batch
experimental study of Safranin dye.
Safranin degradation using Cu/AA
catalyst gives above 98% of
degradation at (Co= 50 mg/L, T= 60 oC,
Cw= 2 g/L, t=, 5 h, and H2O2 conc.=
1ml). Safranin degradation using
Cu/MM catalyst gives approximately
96% of degradation at (Co= 50 mg/L,
T= 60 oC, Cw= 2 g/L, t=, 5 h, and H2O2
conc.= 1ml).For conducting an experiment
operating parameters plays an important
role. Maximum degradation was achieved
for the safranin using 5% Cu/AA catalyst.
Investigation of the proposed reaction
mechanism CWPO process shows that
generation of hydroxyl radicals and then
follow ring opening mechanism and form
organic acids and finally gives CO2 and
H2O as a product.
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