 Quantitative Vs qualitative research

approaches

 Deductive theory testing and inductive theory

building
 A quantitative research approach involves making
careful observations of a specific situation, reducing
these observations (unaltered) into some form of
data and then using this data for statistical
extrapolation of trends and theories
 A qualitative approach, on the other hand, records
observations and experiences as a basis for
extrapolating theories and trends to demonstrate
new developments within the population under
scrutiny. The major premise of this approach is that
it takes the actor's perspective as the empirical point
of departure.
 hybrid approach where by both qualitative and
quantitative approaches are employed to deal
with the problem at hand. Such an approach
could be termed as ‘triangulation’ which can
be defined as the combination of approches in
the study of the same phenomenon and is
believed to counterbalance the weaknesses of
both.
 the deductive theory testing and inductive
theory building methodologies are theory
falsifying and theory building approaches
respectively.
The deductive approach represents the positivistic
paradigm which tems its root from the principles and
methods of natural science model where by researches
are characterized to be
1. Experimental- the testing is made in a ‘repeatable’
controlled testing;
2. Reductionist- problems are tried to be reduced into
the simplest possible element and tried to be curbed
from ‘external’ influences;
3. Explaining- the testing is mainly to explain a causal
relationship
4. Objective,-where by the researcher takes an objective
stand;
5. Quantitative- the casual relationship is expressed in
terms of statistical probabilities
Thus the deductive theory testing is minly a quantitative
approach its main objective is to prove or disprove an
existing theory or a hypothesis
 The inductive approach, on the other hand, is
generally associated with the constructivism
paradigm which is mainly of holistic,
descriptive, understanding, subjective and
qualitative form of knowledge building
 To derive knowledge/theory from the facts of
experience and observation and/or through
logical reasoning
 Theories developed could then be tested by
prediction and deduction approach.
 Thus, meaningful science involves both
through theory building and theory testing.
Generally, science (knowledge) is drawn from
limited observation of ‘facts’ of a given issue
and a generalization is made to a wider scope.