Understanding for Housing and Small BuildingsUnderstanding CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS for Housing and Small Buildings Tern Rene ae ed ee a RRP aera ae) eee URC Sur he a en Rue Ci near) Pee CCRC a ee em eee can HVAC installer, electrician, or general contractor, you must be able to understand See et ee a eee ar alee ne un cies ctr Cet Ra ice eee te ec ieee) MR ie eu ee So earn ce eae eT] costly mistakes and delays. Tires Ben Rete a ere oe Ue tt RTs STS Se gee en Ce Rm Mae Te Seu UIC Re Re keeur eRe ai cutery Sein nu Su Rar cur eee ce RRC Cc ut iti Cerruti itr eee UR CUCU Re aCe CR ORT www.stephensonte.nelson.com NELSON ee) eerieLEARNING OBJECTIVES After completing this chapter, you will be able to: + Interpret basic information found on elevation and floorplan drawings. + Visualize in three dimensions the exterior of a building based on viewing its exterior elevations. * Visualize the interior of the building based on the floor-plan drawings. * Determine the finish materials used for the building based on the eleva- tion drawings. * Determine the various elevations (height) and layout dimensions Fequired to construct the building based on the elevation and floor-plan drawings. + Determine the orientation of the elevations based on compass directions. INTRODUCTION This chapter covers the most commonly used types of drawings, floor plans, and elevations, These drawings provide most of the information required to build a structure. The text case house, the “Doncaster,” is introduced in this chapter to help readers visualize and analyze information found on the drawings. The drawings for the Doncaster are located in the back of this text. ELEVATION DRAWINGS Elevation drawings show the height and width of a single face of the object. For example, a front elevation of a house provides a direct front view of the house. In this type of orthographic drawing you cannot see any three-dimensional detail or depth of the object from any one view. It is nec- essary to refer to more than one elevation view to visualize the object three dimensionally. The builder or site supervisor refers to these drawings as the building elevations. Other sepa- rate elevations may be drawn for rooms requiring more detail than a floor plan can provide (for example, the kitchen, bathroom, or study). In this chapter we focus on the building's exterior elevations. Compare the elevations on the following pages to the photographs of the actual house. Observe the accuracy of the draw- ings and also note some of the differences that occur between the drawings and the actual house, Elevation Orientation Most construction drawings will have four eleva- tions: one each for the front, right, rear, and left sides. For work unique to an individual site such as a custom home, addition, or industrial project, the elevations will be oriented according to com- pass direction. For a wall facing north, the eleva- tion will be called the north elevation. So if you are standing with your back against the outside wall of the building looking northward, the wall against your back is the north elevation. Similarly, if you are standing with your back to the wall looking eastward, the wall that your back is against is the east elevation of the building. A single set of construction drawings may be used more than once. For example, in pro- duction home building a builder may use one set of plans many times in a single sub-division and perhaps in more than one sub-division. A high-rise building may be repeated with 353G —_UNDESTANOING CONSTRUCTION HRAWONGS FR HOUSING AND SMALL BUILDINGS CMFTERS ELAATOWANOROORPLANORAMNGS «37. FIGURE 3.1 FIGURE 3.3 Front elevation from Doncaster drawing (refer to rear of text for complete set of house drawings) Right elevation drawing, Doncaster f # RIGHT SIE ELEVATION FIGURE 3.4 FIGURE 3.2 Partial photo of right elevation at front of Doncaster Photo of Doncaster house, Lot 61UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION ORAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS se eA Co pues — CHAPTERS ELEVATION AND FLOOR PLAN DRAWINGS = 3B. FIGURE 3.5 FIGURE 3.7 Left elevation drawing, Doncaster Rear elevation drawing, Doncaster hi FIGURE 3.6 FIGURE 3.8 Photo of left side of Doncaster. Note: the lot has a drop in site elevation toward the rear of the house. This Photo of rear elevation of Doncaster house is unique to this particular lot.40 ‘UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BUILDINGS FIGURE 3.9 Photo of rear and left elevation of Doncaster. Refer to and view rear them in three dimensions. FIGURE 3.10 Elevations are usually named according to their compass directions. and left elevation drawings to visualize mo east FIGURE 3.11 Pian labelled to help orientation to north arrow. (CHAPTER SLEVATIONANO FLOORPLAN DRAWINGS = 41 several towers facing different directions. In these cases the drawings will be oriented by front, rear, right, or left sides because the front of one house may be facing south on one street while the front of another house may face north on another street. FIGURE 3.12 Coury of Robert C. Kurzon The front elevation is the key indicator for naming the other elevations. The right side is based on the side located to the right of the front elevation while looking at the front of the building. Therefore, the left elevation is the side located to the left of the front elevation. ‘Simple plan view showing different views in relation to the front elevation; right, left, rear m2?42 [UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS Production Home Elevation Drawings Aside from having one set of drawings used many times in a sub-division, a builder may also have alternative front elevations and upgrades, for a single set of house plans. This means that a builder can use a set of plans that are basically the same, except for some aesthetic changes made to the front elevation. For example, there may be a front elevation A, a front elevation B, and a front elevation C. These changes will gen- erally also affect the front portions of the side elevations, and the front portions of the various floor plans and roof plan. When the homes are complete they may appear to be three completely different home designs. However, 80% or more of the layout of the houses is the same. A production builder is thus able to build a community from as few as seven standard plans and have 21 different front elevations. The builder will also usually have mirror or reverse images drawn of the plans to further change the look of the street while better orienting each house to a particular lot. FIGURE 3.13 The changes to the front elevations provide ‘a unique streetscape to the community, thus making the homes more attractive to pur- chasers. The builder can also benefit from the advantages that come with repeat production. When building or manufacturing anything, sav- ings are incurred when components of a project are the same or similar. For this reason the time to construct a production home is generally much less than for a custom home. Other bene: fits of using similar plans include economies of scale such as scheduling, organization, and sav- ings on procurement and design costs. Information Found on Building Elevations Building elevations provide a great amount of detail regarding how the building will look. The overall shape and design of the exterior of the building comes together when the exterior ele- vations are viewed in unison. You will need to refer and view all the elevations to gain a true understanding of the building. Is the building Elevation C of Doncaster: Alternate front elevation for the Doncaster elevations shown in Figures 3.1, 3.3, and 3.5 x i Er Uomoll past t # 7— L-shaped, square, or U-shaped? Does the garage come out beyond the second-floor line? Are any parts cantilevered out from the building, etc.? The elevation view provides information regarding the window and door styles, and whether the windows are fixed or operating. Window and door sizes may be indicated if a window schedule is not used (for more detailed FIGURE 3.14 Window types as shown in elevation and plan views PLAN Sass DOUBLE HUNG (CHAPTER 3 ELEVATON AND FLOORPLAN ORAWINGS 43 information on window schedules refer to the Khalmar renovation drawings in Chapter 15). __ Other information provided in the elevation views includes the following + Any window wells + The type of exterior finish used, e.g., + Brick + Stone ELEVATION PICTORIAL SASS SLIDING 3 aoe ‘AWNING CASEMENT HOPPER SSSSSSs5 FIXEDUNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS + Wood or vinyl siding + Exterior insulated finish system (EIFS, a stucco system) + Type of sills used below windows and doors, e.g., concrete or stone Style and type of roof with the following related information: + Type and location of eavestrough and rainwater leader/downspout + Type of roof finishes, e.g., asphalt, cedar, concrete tile, etc. + Location and type of flashings for the roof, chimney, and material intersections such as at a dormer and roof + Roof vents + Detail of fascia and soffit + Slope of the roof, usually given as a ratio with 12", 250 mm, or 300 mm used as the standard unit run while another number represents the unit rise (c.g. 6"). The slope may also use some standard ratios such as 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:6. For example, a 1:3 roof would have a unit rise of 1 unit and a unit run of 3 units—the slope equiv- alent to a 4:12 roof expressed differently. The angle symbol below is drawn against the roof slope of the house to provide the slope information. Sometimes a triangle is used instead of the angle symbol. For an example of this refer to Figure 3.19, and for an example of it in practice refer to Figure 3.6 + Slope of vaulted or cathedral ceilings, ‘shown as a dashed line in elevation view; note when using roof trusses a cathedral ceiling uses what is known as a scissor truss, which has a steeper roof slope than the ceiling slope (refer to Chapter 9 for more details on roof trusses). Special detailing using any of the exterior finishes (refer to Fig. 3.15 for examples of detailing) + Arches + Stone lintels and surrounds + Brick details + Siding and eaves (cornice) details + Shutters + Columns: Foundation walls and footings shown with dashed lines below grade; any stepped footings will be indicated on the elevation drawings. The type of material used for the FIGURE 3.15 Example of exterior finishes found on elevation drawings: brick and brick detailing, precast stone around arched window, and staccato board panel: with Tudor wood detailing on second floor FIGURE 3.16 Basic roof types VS Is GABLE HIP (COTTAGE) ‘SHED MANSARD GAMBREL CHAPTER’ ELEVATION AND FLOORPLAN DRAWINGS FIGURE 3.17 Intersecting roofs and mixed roof types COMMON RAFTERS ‘VALLEY vack RAFTERS “-vavey RAFTER HIP JACK RAFTERS FIGURE 3.18 FIGURE 3.19 Dormer types Slope angle ‘SHED DoRMER S a FIGURE 3.20 Scissor truss; notice the exterior slope is steeper than the interior slope foundation walls will also be indicated; for example, conerete block or poured concrete. The elevation of the grade, known as the grade line Important information regarding both vertical and horizontal dimensions including: + Roof overhang: taken from finished fascia to fin- ished wall surface 4546 [UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDIVGS Thickness of footing (sometimes this information is also located in the construc tion notes) Top of basement slab or top of footing to finished ground floor where finished floor refers to the top of the sub-floor and does not include floor finishes such as tile, carpet, or hardwood Top of basement slab to top of foundation wall Minimum depth of footing in relation to grade may be provided to ensure footing depth is below the frost line and meets applicable codes (measured from the grade line to underside of the footing) Finished ground floor to top of window or underside of lintel Finished ground floor to finished second floor + Finished second floor to top of plate (the top of the framed wall) + Finished second floor to under soffit Information regarding the limiting distance: restrictions regarding allowable openings and proposed openings due to proximity of adjoining properties (refer to Chapter 5 regarding building code and zoning) Location of exterior lights that appear in ele- vation. Note, only the lights that are visible in elevation, such as wall sconces, will appear. Pot lights located in the soffit and electrical outlets will appear in the floor plans; wall lights will appear in the floor plan views. Note: designers often forget to show the lights on the elevations, so review the floor plans carefully; there may be a light shown on one and not another. le of CHAPTER 3 ASSIGNMENT: ELEVATION DRAWINGS USING DONCASTER DRAWINGS To answer the following questions refer to pages 5 and 6 of the Doncaster drawings (front, rear, loft, and right side elevations) located in the rear Of this toxt look for “Doncaster” in the title block at the bottom of the drawings). Identify the letter that best completes the statement or answers the question jing material is used on the a. Concrete tile b. Cedar shingles . Asphalt shingles d. Metal roof 2. The decorative dormers over the front of the house have what kind of roof? a. Gable b. Hip (cottage) ce. Shed d. None of the above 3. The following is true: a. The second-floor windows on the front elevation are all fixed glass. b. The second-floor windows on the rear elevation are all the same size, ©. The right-side elevation displays only one window. d. The boxed bay window on the left-side elevation has all operating casement windows. 4. The main roof of the house is called a a. Hip (cottage) roof b. Gable roof c. Shed roof d. Mansard roof 5. The window types that are found on this house are a. Casement b. Fixed and sliding cc. Hopper and awning d. Both a and b (CHAPTER ELEVATION AND Foon FLAN ORAWINGS 47 6. What is the slope of the main roof, as viewed from the front elevation? a 11.9:12 b. 20:12 ce 10.5:12 d. 65:12 7. What is the slope of the main roof as viewed from the left-side elevation? a. 11.9:12 b. 20:12 e 10 d. 65:12 8. How many light fixtures are visible on the exterior elevations? 2 ad b. 2 3 a4 9. What is the measurement from finished ground floor to finished second floor? a. 2080 mm b. 2670 mm ©. 2460 mm d. 2470 mm 10. The size of the garage door is mm. a. 2220 x 2230 b. 2440 x 2130 ©. 2340 x 2340 d. None of the above 11. The following statement is true: a. The roof over the garage is 12:12 slope. b. The window light in the front door opens. There is a brick header stack bond course (ends of bricks stacked vertically on top of each other) at the sides of most windows and doors. d. There are no step footings shown on any of the elevations. 12. The dormers at the front of the Doncaster house a, Add space to the inside of the house by providing extra area on the third floor b. Have a gable roof on top of them48 UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULOINGS c. Have the windows darkened to block ut the sun to the interior rooms d. Are there to add to the aesthetic look of the house, but do not add space 13. From the four elevations you can see that the exterior finish has ‘a. Two dormers on the front elevation b. An intersecting gable roof at the rear elevation ¢. Brick soldiers (bricks that stand up verti- cally) over the windows on the first floor at the rear and left elevations (except for the boxed window) 4. All of the above 14. The following statement is true: a. The top of the windows on the first floor are located 2670 mm from the finished first floor. b. The soffit (located at the eaves) is vented. c. Brick sills are used under all of the windows. d. None of the above are correct. 15, The distance from the finished first floor to the underside of the second-floor soffit is mm. 2330 5000 2230 5430 aege FLOOR PLANS While being able to read all types of construction drawings is important, the ability to read and interpret floor plans is integral to understanding the structural requirements of a building. The floor plans are usually drawn first because they establish the layout for the rooms. In a custom home the designer will gather information about the client and hisiher requirements, and will make decisions regarding the layout based on the client's input. In a production home the builder will determine what the target market needs most and offer a design that responds to those needs. For example, move-up buyers’ needs may be quite different than those of first- time buyers who may want to start a family and perhaps can't afford all the bells and whistles. Homes targeted at seniors may have a barrier- free-access design, including a single storey with the first floor easily accessible from grade to avoid stair climbing and providing wheelchair accessibility. A typical two-storey house will require a foundation plan, and first- and second-floor plans. Each plan will establish the size of each room and hallway. When working with construction drawings take time to familiarize yourself with the plans. While reviewing the plans, imagine yourself walking up to the front door (front elevation) and into the front hallway (first-floor plan). Now walk around the first floor taking special note of any features: for example, kitchen cabinets, bath- rooms, closets, changes in floor levels, etc. Imagine yourself walking up to the second floor. Look around the bedrooms, walk into the ensuite master bathroom; note the location of the tub, the basin, and the toilet. If you flip to the elevation drawings you will notice that the location of the windows on the ele- vations match the location of the windows in the floor plan. You see the location of all the doors and windows as you walk from room to room. Continue the walk-through for the basement; note the location for the electrical panel, and the location of the furnace. Exit the house and walk around the outside looking at the elevations. Once you have completed your imaginary walk you will have gained an overall sense of the completed building. You will now begin to visu- alize the finished building in your mind. From this point forward no matter what your role or (CHAPTER FLEVATION AND FLOORPLAN DRAWINGS = 49 position, whether you are a builder, supervisor, or tradesperson, you will be working to take this project from paper to reality. Doncaster Walk-Through The floor plans viewed in Figures 3.21 and 3.22 are simplified plans used in home builders’ sales and promotions offices to convey the use of space for the home purchaser. These plans omit all detailed structural and related information so as not to clutter the drawing. From these draw- ings potential purchasers get a sense of the use of space and how the finished house will look. Figures 3.23 to 3.37 are photos taken of the fin- ished model house based on the Doncaster draw- ings. This house was built as a model home and is thus furnished. Full construction drawings are included at the rear of this text, and are marked FIGURE 3.21 Conceptual first-floor planGO —_UNOEASTANOING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BUILDINGS FIGURE 3.22 Conceptual second-floor plan “Doncaster” in the title block at the bottom of the drawing page. Figures. 3.21 and 3.22 display directional number labels on the floor plans that show where the photograph was taken. To gain the most understanding, view the photographs, simplified plans, and Doncaster construction plans at the rear of this text. Note that there are some minor differences between the photos and plans because the interior photographs are of a ‘model house with a number of extras. FIGURE 3.23 Photo position 1, taken from front entrance at first floor, looking toward powder room and built-in shelves FIGURE 3.24 Photo position 2, taken from just to the left of the front door in the living room looking through the hall and dining room to the sliding doors at the rear of the house in the breakfast area FIGURE 3.25 Photo position 3, taken at base of first-floor stairs looking toward stairs and laundry room at left FIGURE 3.26 Photo position 4, taken looking toward dining room (CHAPTERS ELEVATION AND FLOOR PLAN DRAWINGS, FIGURE 3.27 Photo position 5, taken from the breakfast area looking toward the family room; notice the entrance with angled wall on the left, and the built in cabinet that houses the gas fireplace coming out from the wall (compare to the Doncaster plans) FIGURE 3.28 Photo position 6, taken from the family room looking toward the kitchen; notice the location of the sliding door, dishwasher, stove, and fridge (compare to the first-floor plan)2_—__UNOERGTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS FIGURE 3.31 Photo position 9, taken from inside the second: floor bathroom looking toward the stairs FIGURE 3.29 Photo position 7, taken fram the sliding door looking toward right side of kitchen; notice the microwave built into the cabinets (check the con- struction drawings to see how this is indicated) FIGURE 3.32 Photo position 10, taken in the master bedroom looking toward the walk-in closet at left, and the ensuite bathroom at right FIGURE 3.30 Photo position 8, taken from entrance to the family room looking toward gas fireplace; notice that there are built-in cabinets above the fireplace (this is an example of a detail elevation that would be drawn for the cabinet—this information cannot be found on the floor plan alone) FIGURE 3.33 Photo position 11, taken looking toward the oppo- site wall of the ensuite; notice the location of the window at left (CHAPTER. FLEVATION AND FLOOR FLAN DRAWINGS 53 FIGURE 3.34 Photo position 12, taken from the entrance Heats doorway looking to the rear of the ensuite; notice ‘and compare the location of windows, tub, and Vanity to the drawings Photo position 14, taken from doorway to the left Of the stairs looking down toward the sunken laundry room; notice the angled wall at the top right of the photo (these are the stairs from the first floor extending up to the second floor) Compare with the drawings and note that the floor of the laundry room is at a different elevation than the first floor. FIGURE 3.35 Photo position 13, taken looking toward the shower in the ensuite bathroom; notice the half wall and compare to the construction drawings FIGURE 3.37 Photo position 15, taken from base of basement stairs looking up toward the laundry room; notice the door at right, which exits to the garage54 Floor-Plan Information Floor plans are a horizontal cut taken through the walls (horizontal section) at a varying height so as to maximize the infor- mation provided. For example, the cut will display the location of all the windows and doors, so if a 600 mm (2') high window was located high in the wall, the slice would move up so the window would be displayed on the plan. For general purposes, the cut is made at approximately half the height of the wall. + Individual floor-plan drawings must be coor- dinated with each other: + Where the stairs start in the foundation plan (basement), the first floor must indi cate exactly where they finish. In order to save space, stairs are generally laid out one floor over the other; as a result, the drawings will indicate the stairs going up about halfway, e.g. first to second floor, and then there will be a break line. On the other side of the break line will be an indi FIGURE 3.38 ‘A floor plan is a horizontal cross section of the building ‘UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS cator of the stairs going down, e.g., from the first floor to the basement. There will be an arrow with an abbreviation indi cating UP or DN, and the floor plan will also indicate the number of risers from one floor to the other. A riser is measured ver- tically from the top of one step to the top of the next step. The tread is measured hori- zontally from the face of riser to the face of the riser on the next step and includes the nosing (the lip formed at the edge of the tread). Remember that the number of risers may differ on the same floor plan depending whether you are going up to the floor above or down to the floor below. If there is a difference it is probably due to the difference in floor to ceiling height between the two floors (for more informa- tion on stairs refer to chapter 13). Load-bearing walls must be coordinated and relate to each other from floor to floor so that the load from one bearing wall will transfer to the floor and load-bearing walls or beams below it. These loads are {b) Te tloor plan shows what s lft when the top is removed. then eventually transferred to the footings at the base of the foundation walls and columns. + Floor plans indicate the location, size, type, or grade of joists, beams, and lin- tels. For example, the foundation plan (base- ment) will indicate the joists and beams that support the first floor. The first-floor plans will indicate the joists and beams used to support the second floor. The second or top floor will indicate the direction of the ceiling joists and rafters, or roof trusses as located directly above the secand floor. Note: the previously mentioned point regarding which floor plan displays the floor joist sizes for that floor is an area that often confuses stu- dents. If in doubt start with the basement plan/foundation plan and work your way up floor by floor. + The layout of the rooms indicates the loca- tion of fireplaces, cabinets, fixtures (water closets/toilets, tubs, basins, etc.), and appli ances. Upper cabinets, bulkheads, and cof- fered ceilings (rooms with a decorative ceiling, typically a bulkhead around the edge of the room) are shown with a dashed line. + As mentioned in Chapter 1, dashed lines will also be used as hidden lines displaying the FIGURE 3.39 First-tloor plan detail of stairs from the Doncaster rouse (refer to Doncaster first-floor plan); notice that there are two risers down trom the first floor (0 the laundry room marked DN 2R, and that there are 11 risers down from the laundry room to the basement marked DN 11R. The break line indi ates the separation between the stairs going down and the stairs going up. There are 14 risers going up from the first floor 10 the second floor. Also, notice the sloped ceiling indication at the top of the basement stairs; this is the angled wall that you see at the top right of Figure 3.36, (CHAPTER ELEVATION AND FLOOR LAN DRAWINGS 55 location of footings and grade beams, as well as showing the location of potential rooms, such as a rough-in for a bathroom in the basement. Refer to Figure 3.40 for an example of an optional three-piece rough-in bath. + Changes in the elevation (height) of the ceiling are indicated on the floor plan by a dashed line appearing as an x through the area affected by the change in elevation. For example, on the Doncaster basement plan at the rear of this text, the garage floor is at a different elevation than the basement ceiling, and the laundry area is sunk down ‘two risers at the top of the basement stairs. These changes in elevation are brought to your attention by the x pattern of dashed lines. FIGURE 3.40 Direction of floor joists and beams this blow-up of a basement plan. indicates the floor joists while “W200 x 27" indi- cates the steel beam,56 UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULOINGS +The electrical layout is shown on the floor plans. The electrical layout displays the loca: tion of all lights, switches, and outlets. If the electrical layout is complicated or extensive, it may be addressed in its own separate floor plan, ICI and high-rise residential projects have separate electrical and mechanical drawings laid out in individual floor plans. A great deal of other information is also found ‘on the floor plans, which will become evident as you work your way through this text. KEY TERMS Definitions for key terms appear in the glos- sary at the end of the text. Elevation drawing (p. 35) Production home building (p. 35) Economies of scale (p. 42) Cantilever (p. 43) Window well (p. 43) Exterior insulated finish system (EIFS) (p. 44) Unit run (p. 44) Unit rise (p. 44) Floor-plan drawing (p. 54) Riser (p. 54) Tread (p. 54) Nosing (p. 54) CHAPTER 3 QUIZ REVIEW: FLOOR PLANS USING DONCASTER DRAWINGS To answer the following questions refer to the basement (foundation), first- and second-floor plans of the Doncaster drawings in the rear of this text (pages 2, 3, and 4 of the Doncaster drawings). Identify the letter that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. This house has a. Finished basement b. Room under the garage ©. Completely finished three-piece bath- room in the basement d. None of the above 2. The foundation plan shows a change in elevation from the main ceiling of the basement : a. At the garage floor b. Below the laundry room cc. Below the front porch 4. Alll of the above have different eleva. tions from the main ceiling. 3. There are ____ from the basement to the laundry room a. Wrisers b. 13risers c. risers d. The laundry room is in the basement. 4. In the basement plan the dashed lines under the concrete floor in the garage indicate a. The location of ceiling beams b. The location of the footings ©. The location of grade beams d. Both b and ¢ 5. The dashed lines shown under the base- ment floor indicate a. The location of the foundation wall foot- ings and column footings b._ The direction of floor joists ©. The location of bridging d. All of the above 6. Where on the basement plan are the foun- dation walls to be insulated from floor to ceiling? 10. nu. 12, CHAPTER’ CLEVATION AND FLOOR PLAN DRAVUINGS 57 a. Between the garage and basement walls b. Around the exterior foundation walls excluding the garage and cold room cc. On the interior side of cold cellar walls (only if this option is chosen) d. Allof the above The size and spacing of the first-floor floor joists are a, 38 x 184 SP#2 @ 400 O/C b. 38 x 184 SP#2 @ 200 O/C c. 2/38 x 184 SP#2 @ 300 O/C 4. All of the above answers are correct at individual locations. How many column footings are indicated on the basement plan? a1 b. 2 3 45 What is located to the left of the front entrance door as you enter the house? a. Awall outlet b. Light switches An 810-mm-high half wall d. The closet door The first-floor plan indicates a(n) a. Family room that is 18'-0" x 12'-0" b. Window seat in the breakfast area ©. Dropped ceiling in the garage d. L-shaped layout for the kitchen From the floor plans you can see a. There are two gas fireplaces. b. The main roof consists of approved raised heel-roof trusses, and uses rafters for the rear gable roof. c. The number of risers from the basement is the same as the number of risers to the second floor. d. All of the above are correct. From the floor plans you can see a. There is a walk-in closet in bedroom 4. b. There is a linen closet in the second- floor hallway.UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION ORAWINGS FOR HOUSING AND SMALL BULDINGS ¢. There is a shower in the first-floor powder room, d, The garage is 20'-0" x 20'-0". 13. From the floor plans you can see a. The interior wall between the ensuite and second-floor bathroom is 100 mm. thick. b. The interior wall between the family room and dining room is 150 mm thick. c. The interior wall between the powder room and dining room is 150 mm thick d, Both a and b are correct. 14, From the floor plans and elevation drawings you can see . ‘a. The ceiling over the window seat in the dining room is the same height as the ceiling of the dining room. a. The ceiling over the window seat in the living room is the same height as the ceiling of the living room, The kitchen sink is located under one casement and one fixed window. Both a and b are correct 15. From the floor plans and elevation drawings you can see pri eerie Bedroom 2 is directly over the living room and is the exact same size as the living room. The second-floor roof has two girder trusses (GT). Bedroom 3 partially covers the first-floor porch. The ensuite bathroom is directly over the kitchen.