Department of Production Engineering and Metallurgy

Fundamentals of Electricity,
Magnetism, and Circuits-Part 5
CAD/CAM
Sophomore

By
Abass M. Jabber El-Enzy

2023
Current in an inductor
in Fig. 44 the net area A after time interval T is equal to (A1 and A2) volt-seconds. To generalize,
the current after an interval T is always given by
Current in an inductor
Consider, for example an inductor L, having negligible resistance, connected to a source whose
voltage varies according to the curve of Fig. 45a. If the initial current is zero, the value at instant
t1 is
Current in an inductor
In a capacitor having a capacitance C, it is well known that the voltage E across its terminals is
given by Eq below; where E1 is the initial voltage and Qc is the charge in coulombs (ampere
seconds, positive or negative) the capacitor received during a given interval.

In the same way, for an inductor having an inductance L, the current I it carries is given by
CIRCUITS AND EQUATIONS
Kirchhoff’s voltage law-Kirchhoff’s voltage
law and double-subscript notation
Consider Fig. 47 in which six circuit elements A, B, C, D, E, and F are connected together. The
elements may be sources or loads, and the connections (nodes) are labeled 1 to 4. For example,
starting with node 2 and moving cw around loop ABCD, we successively encounter nodes 2-4-3-
1-2. The resulting KVL equation is therefore written
Example 12
Kirchhoff’s current law
Currents, impedances, and associated
voltages
Currents, impedances, and associated
voltages
Example 13

Solution