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Chapter 7
7 Anticipation Guide 7-1 Study Guide and Intervention
Conic Sections and Parametric Equations Parabolas
Step 1 Before you begin Chapter 7 Analyze and Graph Parabolas A parabola is the locus of all points in a plane
equidistant from a point called the focus and a line called the directrix. The standard
form of the equation of a parabola that opens vertically is (x - h)2 = 4p(y - k). When p is
• Read each statement. negative, the parabola opens downward. When p is positive, it opens upward. The standard
form of the equation of a parabola that opens horizontally is (y - k)2 = 4p(x - h). When
• Decide whether you Agree (A) or Disagree (D) with the statement. p is negative, the parabola opens to the left. When p is positive, it opens to the right.

Chapter Resources
• Write A or D in the first column OR if you are not sure whether you agree or Example For (x - 3)2 = 12(y + 4), identify the vertex, focus, axis of symmetry,
disagree, write NS (Not Sure).
and directrix. Then graph the parabola.

The equation is in standard form and the squared term is x, which means that the parabola
STEP 1 STEP 2
Statement opens vertically. Because 4p = 12, p = 3 and the graph opens upward.
A, D, or NS A or D
1. The graph of y 2 = 4x is a parabola. A The equation is in the form (x - h)2 = 4p(y - k), so h = 3 and k = -4. Use the values
Lesson 7-1

2. The eccentricity of an ellipse is greater than 1. of h, k, and p to determine the characteristics of the parabola.
D
3. The general form of the equation of a conic section is vertex: (3, -4) (h, k) directrix: y = -7 y=k-p
y = mx + b. D
focus: (3, -1) (h, k + p) axis of symmetry: x=3 x=h
4. There are formulas to find the coordinates of a point on the Graph the vertex, focus, axis, and directrix of the parabola. Then make a table of values to
graph of a rotated conic section. A
graph the general shape of the curve.
5. A conic section could be a triangle or a square. D y
x y

A1
0 x
6. The graph of a degenerate conic is a line, two intersecting 0 1
A -3 −
lines, or a point. 4
2 11
-3 −
12
7. The transverse axis of a hyperbola is longer than the
D 4 11
conjugate axis. -3 −
12
6 1
8. A circle is a special type of ellipse. A -3 −
4

Exercises
Step 2 After you complete Chapter 7 For each equation, identify the vertex, focus, axis of symmetry, and directrix.
Then graph the parabola.
• Reread each statement and complete the last column by entering an A or a D. y y
1. (y + 1)2 = 8(x - 3) 2. (x + 2)2 = 4(y - 1)
12
• Did any of your opinions about the statements change from the first column?
(3, -1); (5, -1); (-2, 1); (-2, 2); 8
0 x
• For those statements that you mark with a D, use a piece of paper to write an y = -1; x = 1 x = -2; y = 0 4
example of why you disagree.
−8 −4 0 4 8x
Answers (Anticipation Guide and Lesson 7-1)

−4

y y

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8
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3. (y − 3)2 = 2(x - 6) 4. −
1 (x − 3)2 = y + 2
( )
12 12
4
(6, 3); 6 −1 , 3 ; 8 (3, -2); (3, 1);
( 2 ) 4
2
x
1 x −4 0 4 8 12
y = 3; x = 5 − x = 3; y = -5
2 0 4 8 12 −2

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Chapter 7
7-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 7-1 Practice
Parabolas Parabolas
Equations of Parabolas Specific characteristics can be used to Identify the vertex, focus, axis of symmetry, and directrix for each
determine the equation of a parabola. equation. Then graph the parabola.

1. (x - 1)2 = 8(y - 2) 2. y2 + 6y + 9 = 12 - 12x

Example Write an equation for and graph a parabola with vertex: (1, 2); focus: (1, 4); vertex: (1, -3); focus: (-2, -3);
focus (-4, -3) and vertex (1, -3).
axis of symmetry: x = 1; axis of symmetry: y = -3;
Because the focus and vertex share the same y-coordinate, the graph is
horizontal. The focus is (h + p, k), so the value of p is -4 - 1 or -5. Because directrix: y = 0 directrix: x = 4
p is negative, the graph opens to the left. y y
Write the equation for the parabola in standard form using the y
values of h, p, and k. 4 0 x
(y - k)2 = 4p(x - h) Standard form
−4 −2 0 2 4x
y - (-3)2 = 4(-5)(x - 1) p = -5, h = 1, and k = -3 0 x
Lesson 7-1

−4
(y + 3)2 = -20(x - 1) Simplify.
The standard form of the equation is (y + 3)2 = -20(x - 1).
−12

Graph the vertex, focus, and parabola.

Write an equation for and graph a parabola with the given

Exercises
characteristics.

A2
Write an equation for and graph a parabola with the given
3. vertex (-2, 4), focus (-2, 3) 4. focus (2, 1); opens right; contains (8, -7)
characteristics.
(x + 2)2 = -4(y - 4) (y - 1)2 = 8x
1. focus (-1, 5) and vertex (2, 5) 2. focus (1, 4); opens down; contains (-3, 1)
y y
(y - 5)2 = -12(x - 2) (x - 1)2 = -4(y - 5)
y y
12 8
0 x 0 x
Answers (Lesson 7-1)

4
−8 0 4 8x
−4
−8 −4 4 8x
−4 −8

5. Write x2 + 8x = -4y - 8 in standard form. Identify the vertex, focus, axis

3. directrix y = 6; opens down; vertex (5, 3) 4. focus (1.5, 1); opens right; directrix x = 0.5 of symmetry, and directrix.
(x - 5)2 = -12(y - 3) 2(x - 1) = (y - 1)2 (x + 4)2 = -4(y - 2); (-4, 2); (-4, 1); x = -4; y = 3
y y
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8 8

4
6. SATELLITE DISH Suppose the receiver in a parabolic dish antenna is
4
2 feet from the vertex and is located at the focus. Assume that the vertex
−4 0 4 8 x −8 −4 0 4 8x is at the origin and that the dish is pointed upward. Find an equation that
−4 −4 models a cross section of the dish.
−8 −8 x 2 = 8y

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Chapter 7
7-1 Word Problem Practice 7-1 Enrichment
Parabolas
1. REFLECTOR The figure shows a 4. ARCHWAYS The entrance to a college Tilted Parabolas
parabolic reflecting mirror. A cross campus has a parabolic arch above two The diagram at the right shows a fixed point F (1, 1) y m
section of the mirror can be modeled by columns as shown in the figure. and a line d that has an equation y = -x - 2. If P (x, y)
2
x = 16y, where the values of x and y VERSI satisfies the condition that PD = PF, then P is on a
I T d
are measured in inches. Find the N P(x, y)

Y
parabola. Our objective is to find an equation for the

U
10 ft
distance from the vertex to the focus tilted parabola, which is the locus of all points that are F(1, 1)
of this mirror. 40 ft the same distance from (1, 1) and the line y = -x - 2. D(a, b)
0 x
First find an equation for the line m through P(x, y)
and perpendicular to line d at D(a, b). Using this
a. Write an equation that models equation and the equation for line d, find the coordinates
the parabola. (a, b) of point D in terms of x and y. Then use y = -x - 2
(PD) 2 = (PF ) 2 to find an equation for the parabola.
4 in. x2 = -40 y
Lesson 7-1

b. Graph the equation. Refer to the discussion above.

2. T-SHIRTS The cheerleaders at the high y
school basketball game launch T-shirts 5 1. Find an equation for line m.
into the stands after a victory. The −20 0 20x
launching device propels the shirts into −10
x - y + (b - a) = 0
the air at an initial velocity of 32 feet per −20
second. A shirt’s distance y in feet above
the ground after x seconds can be −30 2. Use the equations for lines m and d to show that the coordinates
modeled by y = -16x2 + 32x + 5. y-x-2

A3
of point D are D(a, b) = − , − .
( x - y2 - 2 )
2
a. Write the equation in standard form. From the equation for line m,
1 5. BRIDGES The cable for a suspension
(x - 1)2 = - − (y - 21) -a + b = -x + y. From the equation for d,
bridge is in the shape of a parabola.
16 x-y-2
The vertical supports are shown in a + b = -2. Subtract to get a = − .
the figure. 2
b. What is the maximum height that a y-x-2
Add to get b = − .
T-shirt reaches? 2
Answers (Lesson 7-1)

21 ft 60 ft 3. Use the coordinates of F, P, and D, along with (PD)2 = (PF )2 to find an

3. FLASHLIGHT A flashlight contains a
parabolic mirror with a bulb in the center
as a light source and focus. If the width
of the mirror is 4 inches at the top and
the height to the focus is 0.5 inch, find an
equation of the parabolic cross section.
1 2
y=− x
equation of the parabola with focus F and directrix d.
10 ft
400 ft
x2 - 2xy + y2 - 8x - 8y = 0
a. Write an equation for the
parabolic cable. 4. a. Every parabola has an axis of symmetry. Find an equation for
the axis of symmetry of the parabola described above. Justify
x2 = 800 y your answer.
b. Find the length of a supporting wire y = x, because y = x contains F(1, 1) and is perpendicular to d.
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2 that is 100 feet from the center.

22.5 ft b. Use your answer from part a to find the coordinates of the vertex of
the parabola. Justify your answer.
(0, 0), because (0, 0) is midway between point F and line d.

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Chapter 7
7-2 Study Guide and Intervention 7-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Ellipses and Circles Ellipses and Circles

A01_A14_PCCRMC07_893808.indd 4
Analyze and Graph Ellipses and Circles An ellipse is the locus of Determine Types of Conic Sections If you are given the equation
points in a plane such that the sum of the distances from two fixed points, for a conic section, you can determine what type of conic is represented using
called foci, is constant. the characteristics of the equation. The standard form of an equation for a
y circle with center (h, k) and radius r is (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2.
The standard form of the equation of an ellipse is
(x - h)2 (y - k)2
− 2
+ − 2
= 1 when the major axis is horizontal. In this Example Write each equation in standard form. Identify the
a b
case, a2 is in the denominator of the x-term. The standard form is 7 ' $ ' 7 related conic.
(y - k)2 (x - h)2 a. 4x2 + 9y2 + 24x - 36y + 36 = 0
− 2
+− 2
= 1 when the major axis is vertical. In this case,
a b 4x2 + 9y2 + 24x - 36y + 36 = 0 Original equation
a2 is in the denominator of the y-term. In both cases, c2 = a2 - b2. 0 x
4(x2 + 6x + ?) + 9(y2 - 4y + ?) = -36 + ? + ? Complete the square.
2 2
(y - 1)2 (x + 2)2 4
Example 4(x2 + 6x + 9) + 9(y2 - 4y + 4) = -36 + 36 + 36 (−62 ) = 9, - − =4
( 2)
Graph the ellipse given by the equation − + − = 1.
25 9 2 2
4(x + 3) + 9(y - 2) = 36 Factor.
The equation is in standard form. Use the values of h, k, a, and b to y
8 (x + 3)2 (y - 2)2
determine the vertices and axes of the ellipse. Since a2 > b2, a2 = 25 −+− =1 Divide each side by 36.
4 9 4
and b2 = 9, or a = 5 and b = 3. Since a2 is the denominator of the (x - h)2 (y – k)2
y-term, the major axis is parallel to the y-axis. Because the equation is of the form − +− = 1, the graph is
−8 0 4 8x a2 b2
an ellipse with center (−3, 2).
orientation: vertical
center: (-2, 1) (h, k) −8
b. x2 - 16x - 8y + 80 = 0
vertices: (-2, 6), (-2, -4) (h, k ± a)
Original equation
Lesson 7-2

co-vertices: (-5, 1), (1, 1) (h ± b, k)

x2 - 16x - 8y + 80 = 0

A4
major axis: x = -2 x=h (x2 − 16x + ?) − 8y + 80 = 0 Complete the square.
2
minor axis: y=1 y=k (x2 − 16x + 64) − 8y + 80 - 64 = 0 (−162 ) = 64

(x − 8)2 − 8(y − 2) = 0 Factor.

Exercises (x − 8)2 = 8(y − 2) Standard form

Graph the ellipse given by each equation. Because only one term is squared, the graph is a parabola with vertex (8, 2).
(x + 5)2 (y + 2)2 (x + 2)2 (y + 1)2
Answers (Lesson 7-2)

1. − + − = 1 2. − + − = 1 Exercises
64 25 25 9
y y
8 8 Write each equation in standard form. Identify the related conic.
4 4
x
1. y2 + 2y + 6x2 - 24x = 5 2. y2 + 2y + x2 - 24x = 14
−8 −4 0 4 −8 −4 0 4 8x (y + 1)2 (x - 2)2
−4 − + − = 1; ellipse (x - 12)2 + (y + 1)2 = 169; circle
30 5
−8 −8
3. 4x - 8 + y2 + 4y = 0 4. x2 + 4x + y2 - 2y - 49 = 0
(y - 1)2 (x + 3)2 (y + 3)2 (x - 2)2
3. − + − = 1 4. − + − = 1
16 9 64 25 (y + 2)2 = -4(x - 3); parabola (x + 2)2 + (y - 1)2 = 54; circle
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y y
8
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

5. 4x2 + 8x + 5y2 - 30y - 11 = 0 6. 6x2 + 24x + 2y - 10 = 0

−8 −4 0 4 8x 2
−8 −4 0 4 8x (x + 1)2 (y - 3) 1
−4 − + − = 1; ellipse (x + 2)2 = - − (y - 17); parabola
−4 15 12 3
−8

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Chapter 7
7-2 Practice 7-2 Word Problem Practice
Ellipses and Circles Ellipses and Circles
Graph the ellipse given by each equation. 1. WHISPERING GALLERY A whispering 4. RETENTION POND A circular retention
gallery at a museum is in the shape of an pond is getting larger by overflowing and
1. 4x2 + 9y2 - 8x - 36y + 4 = 0 2. 25x2 + 9y2 - 50x - 90y + 25 = 0 ellipse. The room is 84 feet long and flooding the nearby land at a rate that
y
46 feet wide. increases the radius 100 yards per
y
day, as shown below.
a. Write an equation modeling the shape
of the room. Assume that it is centered
0 x at the origin and that the major axis is
horizontal. ds
4 0y
20
x2 y2
−4 0 4
− +−=1
x 1764 529 70
0y
b. Find the location of the foci. ds

Write an equation for the ellipse with each set of characteristics. ≈35 ft on either side of the
Ho
3. vertices (-12, 6), (4, 6); foci (-10, 6), (2, 6) center on the major axis us
e

2 2
(x + 4) (y - 6) 2. SIGNS A sign is in the shape of an
− + − =1 ellipse. The eccentricity is 0.60 and the a. Graph the circle that represents the
64 28
length is 48 inches. water, and find the distance from the
4. foci (-2, 1), (-2, 7); length of major axis 10 units center of the pond to the house.
a. Write an equation for the ellipse if the
(y - 4)2 (x + 2)2 center of the sign is at the origin and y
− + − =1
Lesson 7-2

25 16 the major axis is horizontal.

A5
2 y2 100
x x
− +− =1
Write each equation in standard form. Identify the related conic. 576 368.64 −100 0 100
b. What is the maximum height of −100
5. y2 - 4y = 4x + 16 6. 4x2 - 32x + 3y2 - 18y = -55 the sign?
2 2
(x - 4) (y - 3)
(y - 2)2 + 4(x + 5); parabola − + − = 1; ellipse 38.4 in.
9 12 ; 900 yd
3. TUNNEL The entrance to a tunnel is in
Answers (Lesson 7-2)

7. x2 + y2 - 8x - 24y = 9 8. x2 + y2 + 20x - 10y + 4 = 0 the shape of half an ellipse as shown in

the figure.
(x - 4)2 + (y - 12)2 = 169; circle (x + 10)2 + (y - 5)2 = 121; circle b. If the pond continues to overflow at
the same rate, how many days will it
take for the water to reach the house?
Determine the eccentricity of the ellipse given by each equation. 15 ft 7 days
(x + 1)2 (y + 1)2 (y + 2)2 (x + 1)2
9. − + − = 1 10. − + − = 1
25 16 64 9 40 ft
3 √
55 c. Write an equation for the circle of
− − a. Write an equation that models
5 8 water at the current time and an
the ellipse.
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equation for the circle when the water

2 y2
11. CONSTRUCTION A semi-elliptical arch is used to design a headboard x reaches the house.
− +−=1
for a bed frame. The headboard will have a height of 2 feet at the center 400 225
and a width of 5 feet at the base. Where should the craftsman place the
x2 + y2 = 40,000;
b. Find the height of the tunnel 10 feet
foci in order to sketch the arch? from the center. x2 + y2 = 810,000
1.5 ft to the sides of the center ≈13 ft
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Chapter 7
7-2 Enrichment 7-2 Graphing Calculator Activity

Superellipses Translations of Ellipses

The circle and the ellipse are members of an interesting family (y + 2)2
(x - 3)2
of curves that were first studied by the French physicist and To graph an ellipse, such as − + − = 1, on a
18 32
mathematician Gabriel Lamé (1795-1870). The general equation graphing calculator, you must first solve for y.
n n
x
for the family is ⎪−
a ⎥ + − = 1, with a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, and n > 0.
⎪ by ⎥ (x - 3)2 (y + 2)2
− + − =1 Original equation
For even values of n greater than 2, the curves are called 18 32
superellipses. 2 2
32(x - 3) + 18(y + 2) = 576 Multiply each side by 576.

2 2
18(y + 2) = 576 - 32(x - 3) Subtract 32(x - 3)2 from each side.
1. Consider two curves that are not superellipses. y
Graph each equation on the grid at the right. 576 - 32(x - 3)2
(y + 2)2 = − Divide each side by 18.
State the type of curve produced each time. 18
2 y 2 1 
576 - 32(x - 3)2
x y=± − -2 Take the square root of each side.
a. − + − =1
⎪2⎥ ⎪2⎥ circle √ 18
0 1 x
The result is two equations. To graph both equations in Y1, replace ±
x 2 y 2 with {1, -1}. Be careful to include the proper parentheses or you will get
b. − + − =1 ellipse
⎪3⎥ ⎪2⎥ an error message.

Y= 2nd [{]1 , (–) 1 2nd [}] 2nd [ √ ] ( 576 — 32 (

— 3 ) ) ÷ 18 ) — 2 ENTER ZOOM 6.
Lesson 7-2

2. In each of the following cases, you are given y

A6
values of a, b, and n to use in the general equation. Like other graphs, there are families of ellipses. Changing certain values
Write the resulting equation. Then graph. in the equation of an ellipse creates a new member of that family.
Sketch each graph on the grid at the right. 1

4 y 4 0 1 x Exercises
a. a = 2, b = 3, n = 4 =1
⎪−2x ⎥ + ⎪−3 ⎥ Graph each equation on a graphing calculator. 1–4. See students’ work.
6 y 6 (y + 2)2
(x - 7)2 (x + 1)2 (y + 2)2
1. − + − = 1 2. − + − = 1
Answers (Lesson 7-2)

b. a = 2, b = 3, n = 6 + − =1 18 32 18 32
⎪−2x ⎥ ⎪ ⎥ 3
8 y 8
c. a = 2, b = 3, n = 8 ⎪−2x ⎥ + ⎪−3 ⎥ =1
(x - 3)2 (y - 2)2 (x - 3)2 (y + 6)2
3. − + − = 1 4. − + − = 1
18 32 18 32
x n y n
3. What shape will the graph of − + − =1 ⎪⎥ ⎪⎥
2 3
approximate for greater and greater even,
whole-number values of n? 5. Describe the effects of replacing x - 3 in Exercises 3 and 4 with (x ± c) for c > 0.

a rectangle that is 6 units long and Sample answer: the graph will move right or left.
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

4 units wide, centered at the origin

6. Describe the effects of replacing y + 2 in Exercises 1 and 2 with (y ± c) for c > 0.

Sample answer: the graph will move up or down.

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Chapter 7
7-3 Study Guide and Intervention 7-3 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Hyperbolas Hyperbolas
Analyze and Graph Hyperbolas A hyperbola is the locus of all Identify Conic Sections You can determine the type of conic when the
points in a plane such that the difference of their distances from two foci is equation for the conic is in general form, Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0.
2
constant. The standard form of the equation of a hyperbola is The discriminant, or B - 4AC, can be used to identify a conic when the
equation is in general form.
(x - h)2 (y - k)2
− 2
- − 2
= 1 when the transverse axis is horizontal, and Discriminant Conic Section
a b
(y - k)2 (x - h2) less than 0; B = 0 and A = C circle
− 2
-− 2
= 1 when the transverse axis is vertical. In both
a b less than 0; B ≠ 0 or A ≠ C ellipse
cases, a2 + b2 = c2.
equal to 0 parabola
y2 2
Example x greater than 0 hyperbola
Graph the hyperbola given by the equation − - − = 1.
16 4
The equation is in standard form. Both h and k are 0, so the center is at the Example Use the discriminant to identify each conic section.
origin. Because the x-term is subtracted, the transverse axis is vertical. Use
the values of a, b, and c to determine the vertices and foci of the hyperbola. a. 2x2 + 6y2 - 8x + 12y - 2 = 0
Because a2 = 16 and b2 = 4, a = 4 and b = 2. Use the values of a and b to A is 2, B is 0, and C is 6. Find the discriminant.
find the value of c.
B2 - 4AC = 02 - 4(2)(6) or -48
c2 = a2 + b2 Equation relating a, b, and c The discriminant is less than 0, so the conic must be either a
c2 = 42 + 22 a = 4 and b = 2 circle or an ellipse. Because A ≠ C, the conic is an ellipse.
 or about 4.47
c = √20 Simplify.
b. 5x2 + 8xy - 2y2 + 4x - 3y + 10 = 0
Determine the characteristics of the hyperbola.
A is 5, B is 8, and C is -2. Find the discriminant.

A7
center: (0, 0) (h, k) foci: (0, √ 20 )
20 ), (0, - √ (h, k ± c) B2 - 4AC = 82 - 4(5)(-2) or 104.
a
vertices: (0, 4), (0, -4) (h, k ± a) asymptotes: y = 2x, y = -2x y - k = ±− (x - h) The discriminant is greater than 0, so the conic is a hyperbola.
b
Make a table of values to sketch the hyperbola. c. 12x2 + 12xy + 3y2 - 7x + 2y - 6 = 0

x y 8
y A is 12, B is 12, and C is 3. Find the discriminant.
-2 -5.65, 5.65 B2 - 4AC = 122 - 4(12)(3) or 0
Lesson 7-3
Answers (Lesson 7-3)

-1 -4.5, 4.5 The discriminant is 0, so the conic is a parabola.

−8 −4 0 4 8x
0 -4, 4
Exercises
1 -4.5, 4.5
−8
2 -5.65, 5.65 Use the discriminant to identify each conic section.

Exercises 1. 4x2 + 4y2 - 2x - 9y + 1 = 0 2. 10x2 + 6y2 - x + 8y + 1 = 0

Graph the hyperbola given by each equation. circle ellipse

x2 y2 (y - 3)2 (x + 2)2 (y + 2)2
(x - 1)2 2 2
1. − -−=1 2. − - − = 1 3. − - − = 1 3. -2x + 6xy + y - 4x - 5y + 2 = 0 4. x2 + 6xy + y2 - 2x + 1 = 0
25 36 25 9 16 36
y y y hyperbola hyperbola
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8 8
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4 4 4 5. 5x2 + 2xy + 4y2 + x + 2y + 17 = 0 6. x2 + 2xy + y2 + x + 10 = 0

−8 −4 0 4 8x −8 −4 0 4 8x −8 −4 0 4 8x
ellipse parabola
−4 −4 −4
7. 25x2 + 100x − 54y = −200 8. 16x2 + 100x − 54y2 = −100
−8 −8 −8
parabola hyperbola
Chapter 7 17 Glencoe Precalculus
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Chapter 7
7-3 Practice 7-3 Word Problem Practice
Hyperbolas Hyperbolas
Graph the hyperbola given by each equation. 1. EARTHQUAKES The epicenter of an 3. PARKS A grassy play area is in the shape
earthquake lies on a branch of the of a hyperbola, as shown.
y2 (x – 1)2 hyperbola represented by
1. x2 - 4y2 - 4x + 24y - 36 = 0 2. − – − = 1 y
16 4 (x – 50)2 (y – 35)2
− - − = 1, where the
1600 2500
y y seismographs are located at the foci.
(3, 4)
a. Graph the hyperbola.
y 0
0 x 80 x
0 x

40 a. Write an equation that models the

20
curved sides of the play area.
x (y - 4)2 (x - 3)2
0 40 80 − -− =1
Write an equation for the hyperbola with the given characteristics. 4 9
3. vertices (–10, 6), (4, 6); 4. foci (0, 6), (0, –4); length of transverse b. Find the locations of the seismographs. b. If each unit on the coordinate plane
foci (–12, 6), (6, 6) axis 8 units represents 3 feet, what is the narrowest
(-14, 35), (114, 35) vertical width of the play area?
(x + 3)2 (y - 6)2 (y - 1)2 x2
− - − =1 − -− =1 12 ft
49 32 16 9
2. SHADOWS A lamp projects light onto

A8
a wall in the shape of a hyperbola. 4. SHADOWS The path of the shadow
5. Determine the eccentricity of the hyperbola given by the equation The edge of the light can be modeled cast by the tip of a sundial is usually
2 2
(x - 7)2 (y + 10)2 y x a hyperbola.
− - − = 1. by − - − = 1.
36 121 196 121
a. Write two equations of the hyperbola
√
157 a. Graph the hyperbola. in standard form if the center is at the
−
6 origin, given that the path contains
y a transverse axis of 24 millimeters
16
Lesson 7-3

with one focus 14 millimeters from

Answers (Lesson 7-3)

6. ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE Two neighbors who live one mile apart hear
8 the center.
an explosion while they are talking on the telephone. One neighbor hears
x 2 y2 y2 2
the explosion two seconds before the other. If sound travels at 1100 feet x x
−16 −8 0 8 16 − - − = 1; − - − =1
per second, determine the equation of the hyperbola on which the −8
144 52 144 52
explosion was located.
2 y2 b. Graph one hyperbola.
x
− - − =1
1,210,000 5,759,600 Sample answer:
b. Write the equations of the asymptotes. y

Use the discriminant to identify each conic section. 14 8

y = ±− x
11 4
7. 5x2 + xy + 2y2 - 5x + 8y + 9 = 0 8. 16x2 − 4y2 - 8x - 8y + 1 = 0
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

−16 −8 0 8 16 x
ellipse hyperbola c. Find the eccentricity.
−4
√
317 −8
−
9. 4x2 + 8xy + 4y2 + x + 11y + 10 = 0 10. 2x2 + 4y2 - 3x - 6y + 2 = 0 14
parabola ellipse

Chapter 7 18 Glencoe Precalculus Chapter 7 19 Glencoe Precalculus

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NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 7
7-3 Enrichment 7-4 Study Guide and Intervention
Rotations of Conic Sections
Moving Foci y Rotation of Conic Sections An equation Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
Recall that the equation of a hyperbola with center in the xy-plane can be rewritten as A(x)2 + C(y)2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0 in the xy-plane
at the origin and horizontal transverse axis has the -4 by rotating the coordinate axes through an angle θ. The equation in the xy-plane can be
2 y2 found using x = x cos θ - y sin θ and y = x sin θ + y cos θ.
x
equation − 2
- −2 = 1. The foci are at (-c, 0) and -2
a b
(c, 0), where c 2 = a 2 + b 2, the vertices are at (-a, 0) focus focus
0 x Example Use θ = 45° to write the standard form of
and (a, 0), and the asymptotes have equations -4 -2 2 4
1
b -2 x2 - 2xy - 4y2 + − = 0 in the xy-plane. Then identify the conic.
y=±−
a x. Such a hyperbola is shown at the right. 2
What happens to the shape of the graph as c grows -4
The conic is a hyperbola because B2- 4AC > 0. Find the equations for x and y.
very large or very small?
x = x cos θ − y sin θ Rotation equations for x and y y = x sin θ + y cos θ
Refer to the hyperbola described above.

√2 
√2 π 
√2 π 
√2 √
2 √
2
= − x − − y sin − = − and cos − =− = − x + − y
2 2 4 2 4 2 2 2
1. Write a convincing argument to show that as c approaches 0,
the foci, the vertices, and the center of the hyperbola become
the same point. Substitute into the original equation.
1
Because 0 < a < c, as c approaches 0, a x2 − 2xy − 4y2 +− =0
2
approaches 0. So the x-coordinates of the foci
2 2
and vertices approach 0, which is the √2  y
x - √2 √2 y
x - √2 √2 y
x + √2 √2 y
x + √2 1
( − ) − 2( − )( − ) − 4( − ) + − = 0 Replace x and y.
x-coordinate of the center. Because the 2 2 2 2 2

A9
y-coordinates are equal, the points become the same. 1 1 1
− (x)2 - xy + − (y)2 - (x)2 + (y)2 - 2 (x)2 - 4xy - 2 (y)2 + − =0 Expand the
2 2 2
2. Use a graphing calculator or computer to graph x2 - y2 = 1, binomials.

x 2 - y 2 = 0.1, and x 2 - y 2 = 0.01. (Such hyperbolas correspond 5 1 1

-− (x)2 - 5 x y - − (y)2 + − =0 Simplify.
to smaller and smaller values of c.) Describe the changes in the 2 2 2
graphs. What shape do the graphs approach as c approaches 0?
The equation of the hyperbola after the 45° rotation is 5(x)2 + 10xy+ (y)2 = 1.
The asymptotes remain the same, but the
branches become sharper near the vertices.
The graphs approach the lines y = x and y = -x.
Exercises
3. Suppose a is held fixed and c approaches infinity. How does the
graph of the hyperbola change? Write each equation in the xy-plane for the given value of θ. Then
identify the conic.
The vertices remain at (±a, 0), but the branches
Answers (Lesson 7-3 and Lesson 7-4)

π
become more vertical. The graphs approach 1. x2 - 4x + y2 = 2, θ = − 2. 8x2 - 5y2 = 40, θ = 30°
4
Lesson 7-4

the vertical lines x = -a and x = a.

(x)2 + (y)2 - 2 √2
x + 19(x)2 - 26 √
3 xy -
4. Suppose b is held fixed and c approaches infinity. How does the
2 √2
y - 2 = 0; circle 7(y)2 = 160; hyperbola
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

graph of the hyperbola change?

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

The vertices recede to infinity and the branches become

flatter and farther from the center. As c approaches infinity,
the graphs tend to disappear.

Chapter 7 20 Glencoe Precalculus Chapter 7 21 Glencoe Precalculus

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Chapter 7
7-4 Study Guide and Intervention (continued) 7-4 Practice
Rotations of Conic Sections Rotations of Conic Sections
Graph Rotated Conics When the equations of rotated conics are given Write each equation in the xy-plane for the given value of θ. Then
for the xy-plane, they can be graphed by finding points on the graph of the identify the conic.
conic and then converting these points to the xy-plane.
π
1. xy = 1; θ = − 2. 5x2 + 6y2 = 30; θ = 30°
4
2 2
Example (x) (y)
Graph − + − = 1 if it has been rotated 30° from 1 1
36 64 − (x)2 - − (y)2 - 1 = 0; 21(x)2 + 2 √3
xy + 23(y)2 -
its position in the xy-plane. 2 2
hyperbola 120 = 0; ellipse
The equation represents an ellipse, and it is in standard form. Use the
center (0, 0); the vertices (0, 8), (0, -8); and the co-vertices (6, 0), (-6, 0)
Write an equation for each conic in the xy-plane for the given
to determine the center and vertices for the ellipse in the xy-plane.
equation in xy form and the given value of θ.
Find the equations for x and y for θ = 30°. (x)2 (y)2 π
3. (x)2 = 16(y); θ = 45° 4. − - − = 1; θ = −
25 4 3
x = x cos θ - y sin θ Rotation equations for x and y y = x sin θ + y cos θ
2 y 2

√3 1 1 
√3 1 
√3 x + 16 √2 x + 2xy - 16 √2 -71x + 58 √
3 xy - 13y2 = 400
= − x - − y sin 30° = − and cos 30° = − =− x + − y
2 2 2 2 2 2 + y2 = 0
Use the equations to convert the xy-coordinates of the center into
xy-coordinates. Determine the angle θ through which the conic with each equation

√3 1 1 
√3 should be rotated. Then write the equation in standard form.
x = − (0) - − (0) x = 0 and y = 0 y=− (0) + − (0)
2 2 2 2
5. x2 + xy + y2 = 2 6. 13x2 − 8xy + 7y2 - 45 = 0
=0 Multiply. =0

A10
2 2
3(x) (y) (x)2 (y)2
Likewise, convert the coordinates of the vertices and co-vertices 45°; − + − = 1 63°; − + − = 1
4 4 9 3
into xy-coordinates.
7. 16x2 − 24xy + 9y2 - 30x - 40y = 0 8. 18x2 + 12xy + 13y2 - 198 = 0
(0, 8) → (−4, 4 √
3 ) (0, -8) → (4, -4 √
3 ) (6, 0) → (3 √3
, 3) (-6, 0) → (-3 √
3 , −3) (x)2 (y)2
53°; (y)2 = 2x 33.7°; − + − = 1
The new center, vertices, and co-vertices can be used to sketch the y 9 22
8
graph of the ellipse in the xy-plane.
Answers (Lesson 7-4)

4 9. COMMUNICATIONS Suppose the orientation of a satellite

dish that monitors radio waves is modeled by the equation
−8 −4 0 4 8x 4x 2 + 2xy + 4y2 + √ 2 x - √2 y = 0. What is the angle of
−4 rotation of the satellite dish about the origin?
Exercises −8
45°
Graph each equation at the indicated angle.
π (x)2 (y)2 10. Graph (x + 1) 2 = -16(y + 3) if it has been rotated 45° from its position
Lesson 7-4

1. (x + 6)2 = 12(y + 2); − 2. − - − = 1; 60° in the xy-plane.

2 9 4

y' y y x' y x'

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

x' y' y'

x
4

−8 −4 4 8x −8 −4 0 4 8x
−4

−8 −8

Chapter 7 22 Glencoe Precalculus Chapter 7 23 Glencoe Precalculus

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NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 7
7-4 Word Problem Practice 7-4 Enrichment
Rotations of Conic Sections
1. COMMUNICATIONS A satellite dish is 3. ART Mimi is drawing a picture with Graphing with Addition of y-Coordinates
1 2 rotated parabolas. She wants to graph
modeled by the equation y = − x Equations of parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas y
8 (x - 3)2 = 12(y - 4) if it has been
when it is directly overhead. Later in the rotated 45° from the xy-plane. that are “tipped” with respect to the x- and y-axes
day, the dish has rotated 60°. are more difficult to graph than the equations you
a. Find the vertex in the xy-plane. have been studying. #
a. Write an equation that models the √  Often, however, you can use the graphs of two
2 7 √2
new orientation of the satellite dish. (- −, − ) simpler equations to graph a more complicated
2 2
equation. For example, the graph of the ellipse in "
(x)2 √3 3 2
− - − xy + − y - the diagram at the right is obtained by adding the y=x+6
32 16 32 b. Find the equation for the axis of y-coordinate of each point on the circle and the
√3 1 symmetry in the xy-plane. y-coordinate of the corresponding point of the line.
− x - − y = 0 y = x + 6 ± √4x - x 2
2 2
y = 3 √2
-x

b. Draw the graph. y = ± √4x - x 2

c. Draw the graph in the xy-plane. #
y x'
y' y 1

x' 0 1 " x
60˚
x y'

45˚
x

A11
Graph each equation. State the type of curve for each graph.
1. y = 6 - x ± √
4 - x2 ellipse 2. y = x ± x
√ parabola
y y y=x
2. GEARS Suppose the equation of
4. LOGIC A hyperbola has been rotated y = 6 - x ± √4x - x 2
an elliptical gear rotated 60° in the
(x)2 (y)2 40° clockwise. Through what angle y = x ± √x
xy-plane is − + − = 1.
16 20 must it be rotated to return it to its
Answers (Lesson 7-4)

a. Write an equation for the ellipse original position?

formed by the gear in the xy-plane.
40° counterclockwise
17x2 + 2 √
3 xy + 19y2 - 320 = 0
y=6-x
b. Draw the graph. 5. SHAPES The shape of a reflecting
mirror in a telescope can be modeled by 1
y
25x2 + 13xy + 2y2 = 100. Determine 1 0
1 x
whether the reflector is elliptical,
Lesson 7-4

parabolic, or hyperbolic. 0 1 x
0 x y= ± √4x - x 2
elliptical y = ± √x
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Use a separate sheet of graph paper to graph these equations.

State the type of curve for each graph.
3. y = 2x ± √
7 + 6x - x2 ellipse; 4. y = - 2x ± √
-2x parabola;
See students’ graphs. See students’ graphs.

Chapter 7 24 Glencoe Precalculus Chapter 7 25 Glencoe Precalculus

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Chapter 7
7-5 Study Guide and Intervention 7-5 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Parametric Equations Parametric Equations

Graph Parametric Equations Parametric equations are used to Projectile Motion Parametric equations are often used to simulate

A01_A14_PCCRMC07_893808.indd 12
describe the horizontal and vertical components of an equation. Parameters projectile motion. For an object launched at an angle θ with the horizontal
are arbitrary values, usually time or angle measurement. at an initial velocity v0, where g is the gravitational constant, t is time, and
h0 is the initial height, the horizontal distance x can be found by x = tv0 cos θ
1 2
and the vertical position y by y = tv0 sin θ - − gt + h0.
Example 1 Sketch the curve given by the parametric equations 2
x = -3 + 4t and y = t2 + 3 over the interval -4 ≤ t ≤ 4.
Make a table of values for -4 ≤ t ≤ 4. Plot the (x, y) coordinates for each t-value and Example Luigi is kicking a soccer ball. He kicks the ball with
connect the points to form a smooth curve. an initial velocity of 35 feet per second at an angle of 48° with the
t x y t x y y horizontal. The ball is 2 feet above the ground when he kicks it. How
-4 -19 19 0 -3 3 24 far will the ball travel horizontally before it hits the ground?
-3 -15 12 1 1 4 16
Step 1 Make a diagram of the situation.
-2 -11 7 2 5 7
8
-1 -7 4 3 9 12
0 -3 3 4 13 19 −16 −8 0 8 16x
−8 35 ft/sec

48˚
Example 2 Write x = 4t - 2 and y = t2 + 1 in rectangular form.
2 ft

x = 4t - 2 Parametric equation for x Step 2 Write a parametric equation for the vertical position of the ball.
1 2

A12
x+2 y = tv0 sin θ - − gt + h0 Parametric equation for vertical position
−=t Solve for t. 2
4 1
= t(35) sin (48) - − (32)t2 + 2 v0 = 35, θ = 48°, g = 32, and h0 = 2
⎛ x + 2 ⎞2 x+2
2
y=⎪−⎥ +1 Substitute − for t in the equation for y.
⎝ 4 ⎠ 4
Step 3 Graph the equation for the vertical position and the line y = 0. Use
x2 + 4x + 4 x+2 5: INTERSECT on the CALC menu of a calculator to find the point of
= − +1 Square − .
16 4
intersection of the curve with y = 0. The value is about 1.7 seconds.
2 You could also use 2: ZERO and not graph y = 0.
x x 5
Answers (Lesson 7-5)

=− +− +− Simplify.
16 4 4
x2 x 5 Step 4 Determine the horizontal position of the ball at 1.7 seconds.
The rectangular equation is y = − +− +− .
16 4 4 x = tv0 cos θ Parametric equation for horizontal position

Exercises = 1.7(35) cos 48 v0 = 35, θ = 48°, and t = 1.7

≈ 39.8 Use a calculator.

Sketch the curve given by each pair of parametric equations over The ball will travel about 39.8 feet before it hits the ground.
the given interval.

1. x = t2 + 4 and y = −t - 3; -4 ≤ t ≤ 4 2. x = −t and y = √t + 2; 0 ≤ t ≤ 8 Exercises

6 3
y y
4
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

1. Julie is throwing a ball at an initial velocity of 28 feet per second and an

x
−4 0 4 8 12 16 20 angle of 56° with the horizontal from a height of 4 feet. How far away will
−4 the ball land? about 25 ft
−8
0 x 2. Jerome hits a tennis ball at an initial velocity of 38 feet per second and an
Lesson 7-5

−12 angle of 42° with the horizontal from a height of 1.5 feet. How far away
will the ball land if it is not hit by his opponent? about 46.6 ft

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NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 7
7-5 Practice 7-5 Word Problem Practice
Parametric Equations Parametric Equations
Sketch the curve given by each pair of parametric equations over 1. PHYSICS A rock is thrown at an initial 5. GOLF Julio hit a golf ball with an
the given interval. velocity of 5 meters per second at an initial velocity of 100 feet per second at
2 angle of 8° with the ground. After an angle of 39° with the horizontal.
t
1. x = t2 + 1 and y = −t - 6; -5 ≤ t ≤ 5 2. x = 2t + 6 and y = - − ; -5 ≤ t ≤ 5 0.4 second, how far has the rock traveled
2 2
horizontally? a. Write parametric equations for the
y y
2 flight of the ball.
−8 0 8 16 24 x −4 0 2 6 10 14x 1.98 m
−8 −4
x = 100t cos 39°,
y = 100t sin 39° - 16t2
−16 −8
2. PLAYING CATCH Tom and Sarah are b. Find the maximum height the ball
−24 −12 playing catch. Tom tosses a ball to Sarah reaches.
at an initial velocity of 38 feet per second
at an angle of 28° from a height of 4 feet. about 61.9 ft
Write each pair of parametric equations in rectangular form. Sarah is 40 feet away from Tom.

3. x = 2t + 3, y = t - 4 4. x = t + 5, y = -3t2 a. How high above the ground will the 6. BASEBALL Micah hit a baseball at an
1 11 ball be when it gets to Sarah? initial velocity of 120 feet per second
2
y=− x-− y = -3(x - 5) from a height of 3 feet at an angle of 34°.
2 2 2.53 ft
b. What is the maximum height
5. x = 3 sin θ, y = 2 cos θ 6. y = 4 sin θ, x = 5 cos θ of the ball?
y2 y2 2
x2 x 8.97 ft 120 ft/sec
− +−=1 −+− =1
9 4 16 25

A13
Use each parameter to write the parametric equations that can 3. TENNIS Melinda hits a tennis ball with 34˚
represent each equation. Then graph the equation, indicating the an initial velocity of 42 feet per second at
speed and orientation. 3 ft
an angle of 16° with the horizontal from
2 a height of 2 feet. She is 20 feet from the
2-x 3-x
7. t = − for y = − 8. t = 4x - 1 for y = x2 + 2
3 2 net and the net is 3 feet high. Will the a. How far will the ball travel
y y ball go over the net? horizontally before it hits the
t=1
Answers (Lesson 7-5)

−8 −4 0 4 8x Yes, at 20 feet the ball is about ground?

−4 t=0
t = −5 t=3
3.8 feet above the ground. 421.6 ft
−8 t = −3 t=1
t=2 t = −1 t = −1 b. What is the maximum height the
−12 0 ball will reach?
x 4. BASKETBALL Mandy throws a
basketball with an initial velocity of 73.36 ft
28 feet per second at an angle of 60° with
the horizontal. If Mandy releases the ball c. If the fence is 8 feet tall and 400 feet
9. MODEL ROCKETRY Manuel launches a toy rocket from ground level from a height of 5 feet, write a pair of from home plate, will the ball clear
with an initial velocity of 80 feet per second at an angle of 80° with equations to determine the vertical and the fence to be a home run? Explain.
the horizontal. horizontal positions of the ball. Sample answer: Yes; at 400 ft
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

a. Write parametric equations to represent the path of the rocket. vertical: y = t(28) sin (60) the ball is 15.4 feet above the
x = 80t cos 80°; y = 80t sin 80° - 16t2 - 16t2 + 5; ground so it will clear the
horizontal: x = t(28) cos (60) fence.
b. How long will it take the rocket to travel 10 feet horizontally from its
Lesson 7-5

starting point? What will be its vertical distance at that point?

0.72 s; 48.43 ft
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Answers
 NAME DATE PERIOD NAME DATE PERIOD

Chapter 7
7-5 Enrichment 7-5 Spreadsheet Activity

Coordinate Equations of Projectiles Parametric Equations

The path of a projectile after it is launched is a parabola when graphed You have learned that the motion of orbiting planets can be modeled
on a coordinate plane. using parametric equations. A spreadsheet can be used to evaluate
parametric equations and to provide a graph of a planet’s orbit.
y A B C Use the parametric equations for Saturn’s
1 t x y
position in its orbit in a spreadsheet. To
calculate the x position, enter the following
2 2 8.676882 3.855863
formula in B2: = 9.5*COS(PI()15*A2). To
3 4 6.356741 7.045013
calculate the y position, enter the
4 6 2.935661 9.016016 formula = 9.48*SIN(PI()15*A2) in C2. Use

Height
5 8 -0.99302 9.428068 the fill handle to paste these formulas into
6 10 -4.75 8.209921 the remaining cells in columns B and C.
In the spreadsheet, the values in column A
0 x represent t, and the values in columns B and C
Time
represent the calculated x and y values of Saturn’s
position at time t.
The path assumes that gravity is the only force acting on the
projectile.

The equation of the path of a projectile on the coordinate plane is Exercises

given by

A14
g 1. Complete the spreadsheet to find the position of Saturn every
y=- −
2 2
x 2+ (tan α)x, 2 years from t = 2 to t = 32. Use the spreadsheet to make an
( 2v 0 cos α ) X-Y graph of Saturn’s position.
where g is the acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m/s 2 or 32 ft/s 2, y
v 0 is the initial velocity, and α is the angle at which the 15
projectile is fired. 5
0 5 15x
Answers (Lesson 7-5)

Example Write the equation of a projectile fired at an angle of −15

10° to the horizontal with an initial velocity of 120 m/s.

9.8 2. Find the coordinates representing Saturn’s position after

y=- −2 2
x 2 + (tan 10°)x
( 2(120) cos 10° ) 23 years.

y = -0.00035x 2 + 0.18x (0.97, -9.43)

Find the equation of the path of each projectile. 3. Given the parametric equations x = 6 sin 3t and y = -4 cos t, write the
formulas to put into your spreadsheet if time is found in cell A2.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

1. a projectile fired at 80° to the 2. a projectile fired at 40° to the = 6*SIN(A2*3) and
horizontal with an initial velocity horizontal with an initial velocity
of 200 ft/s of 150 m/s = -4*COS(A2)
y = -0.013x 2 + 5.67x y = -0.00037x 2 + 0.84x
Lesson 7-5

Chapter 7 30 Glencoe Precalculus Chapter 7 31 Glencoe Precalculus

Glencoe Precalculus
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Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Quiz 1 (Lessons 7-1 and 7-2) Quiz 3 (Lesson 7-4) Mid-Chapter Test
Page 33 2 Page 34 Page 35
(y + 1) (x - 3) 2
− + − = 1;
16 4 hyperbola; x 2 -
1. ellipse 2
y 1.4xy - y - 12 = 0
2. 6 (6, 9) ellipse; B
1.
(14, -1)
−6 0 12 18 x 31(x) 2- 10 √
3 xy +
(-2, -1) (6, -1) 2
21(y) - 144 = 0
−12 2.
(6, -11)

(2, -1); (2,-3);

x = 2; y = 1 3. 14˚
3.

(x + 2)
2
(y - 5) 2
11x 2- 10 √
3 xy +
2
−+− =1 y + 144 = 0
4. 36 11 4.

2. F

Answers
5. D 5. D

Quiz 2 (Lesson 7-3) Quiz 4 (Lesson 7-5) 3. B

Page 33 Page 34

y y
8
1. 1.
4 4. H
−12 −8 −4 0 x
0 x −4 (y - 1) 2 (x - 2) 2
−8
− - − =1
16 25
2
5.
(x + 1) (y + 1) 2
x2 y2
− - − =1 − +−=1
2. 9 7 25 49
2.

6 √2 3. D 6. x 2 = -32y
−
3. 11

4. hyperbola
y
x = 65t cos 35˚, 12
y = 65t sin 35˚- 16t 2;
8 (-1, 9)
4. yes (-1, 6)
4 (-1, 3)

5. D −8 −4 0 8x
about 2.33 s 7.
5.

Chapter 7 A15 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Vocabulary Test Form 1
Page 36 Page 37 Page 38

10. H
1. B
11. B

2. F

1. true
12. G
2 2 2 3. C
2. false; a - b = c

3. true
false; greater than 4. G 13. B
4.
5.false; transverse axis

6. false; parametric 5. C
14. J
7. true
6. H C
false; perpendicular 15.
8.

9. true
16. F
a 7. A
false; ± −
10. b

11. the set of all points

in a plane such that
the difference of
their distances from
two foci is constant 17. C
8. F
12. a conic formed by
the intersection of a
double-napped right F
cone and a plane 18.
through the vertex of
the cone y = 4x - 4
9. D B:

Chapter 7 A16 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2A Form 2B
Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42

10. J
10. J 1. D
1. B 11. D
11. D
2. G
2. H

12. F
12. J
3. B
3. A

13. C
13. D H
4.

Answers
4. G

5. C H
14. J 14.
5. A

15. B 15. C
6. G
6. G F
16.
16. J

7. A
7. A

B 17. D
17.

G 8. J
8.

18. F 18. J

1
y = -− x-2 A y=x-3
9. B B: 2 9. B:

Chapter 7 A17 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2C
Page 43 Page 44

(y + 3)2 (x + 2)2
−-− =1
12. 3 9
1. (-4, 1)

2. (-4, 3), (-4, -1)

3.
(-4 ± 2 √
2 , 1), (-6, 1), y = 1
13.
(-4, 1 ± 2 √
3)

4. 27° (x + 2)2 = -20(y - 1)

14.

x2 y2
− +−=1
5. 64 4
15. hyperbola
t+3
x = −,
6. 2
2
t + 6t + 13
y= −
4
2
(x') y
− + (y')2 = 1 16.
7. 3 16

12
x = 100t cos 35°, 8
y = 100t sin 35° 4
8. + 4 - 16t2
−4 0 8 12 x

17. about 0.7 s

18. about 32.1 ft

Sample answer: hyperbola

19.
9. x2 = -48y

(x - 2)2 +
20.
(y - 7)2 = 225

(9, 6 ± √
145 )
10.
8 (x - 2)2 (y + 5)2
y - 6 = ±− (x - 9) −+−=1
11. 9 B: 9 4

Chapter 7 A18 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Form 2D
Page 45 Page 46

(y + 2)2 (x + 1)2
(3, -1) −
4
-− =1
16
1. 12.

2. (3 ± √
5 , -1)

3. (6, -1), (0, -1),

(3, 1), (3, -3) (2, 1), y = 1
13.

63°
4.
14.
(x - 2)2 = -16(y + 5)
x2 y2
−+−=1
5. 100 9
t-4
x=− , hyperbola
2 15.
2
t - 8t + 24

Answers
y= −
6. 4

(x')2 (y')2
−+−=1 y
7. 2 26 16
16.
12
x = 110t cos 32°, 8
y = 110t sin 32° 4
8. + 3 - 16t2
−4 0 4 8 12 16x
−4

17. about 0.62 s

18.
about 34.6 ft

19. ellipse
9.
x2 = -60y

(x + 6)2 +
20.
(y + 9)2 = 121
(-3 ± √
5 , 2)
10.
(x + 4)2 (y - 1)2
y - 2 = ± 2(x + 3) −+−=1
11. B: 25 4

Chapter 7 A19 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Form 3
Page 47 Page 48

(x + 2)2 (y - 4)2
(-3, 2) −-− =1
1. 12. 25 16

2. (-3, 2 ± √
5)
(-3, 5), (-3, -1),
3. (-1, 2), (-5, 2) (2, -2), y = -2
13.

4.
hyperbola; 2°
(y + 5)2 = -40(x - 2)
x2 y2 14.
− +−=1
5. 4 9

15.
hyperbola
t+2
x = −,
6. 3
-t2 - 4t + 32 y
y= −
9 16.
2 2
7(x' ) 11(y' )
−+−=1 0 x
7. 40 40
x = 38t cos 29°,
y = 38t sin 29°
+ 4 - 16t2;
Sample answer: Yes, 17. about 0.68 ft
because at 38 feet the
ball is only 4.1 ft above Sample answer:
the ground Yes, when the ball
8.
is 20 feet in front
of her it is at a
height of 0.94 feet.
18.


√2
−
19. 2
Sample answer:
125
x2 = - − y
9. 3 (x - 13)2 +
20.
(y - 12)2 = 325

10.
(-1 ± 2 √
5 , -2)
(x + 1)2 (y - 3)2
−+−=1
y + 2 = ±2(x + 1) B: 625 400
11.

Chapter 7 A20 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Page 49, Extended-Response Test
Sample Answers
1a. The equation is a circle if A = B. 1e. The graph is an ellipse since
Sample answer: (-1) 2- 4(3)(2) < 0.
2 2
(x - 1) + (y - 2) = 4 3-2
cot 2θ = − = - 1, 2θ = 135˚,
-1
y θ ≈ 68˚

(1, 2) 2a. The graph of x 2 - 4y 2 = 0 is two lines

1 1
0 x of slope − and slope - − that intersect
2 2
at the origin.
x 2 - 4y 2 = 0
x 2 = 4y 2
⎪x⎥ = 2⎪y⎥
1b. The equation is an ellipse if A ≠ B ⎪ x⎥
and A and B have the same sign. − = ⎪y⎥
2
Sample answer: x
− -x
= y or − =y
(x + 2) (y - 1) 2
2 2 2
− + − =1
4 1
2b. y

Answers
y y = 2x

x
0 x
y = - 2x

2c. degenerate hyperbola

1c. The equation is a parabola when A
or B is zero, but not both. 3. Sample answer: Most lamps with
Sample answer: y - 2 = 4(x + 1) 2 circular shades shine a cone of light.
When this light cone strikes a nearby
y wall, the resulting shape is a hyperbola.
The hyperbola is formed by the cone of
light intersecting the plane of the wall.

(reflected light)
(-1, 2)
0 x

1d. The equation is a hyperbola if A and

B have opposite signs. Sample answer: (reflected light)
2
y x2
−-− =1
4 1

Chapter 7 A21 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Standardized Test Practice
Page 50 Page 51

9. A B C D

1. A B C D
10. F G H J

2. F G H J 11. A B C D

3. A B C D

12. F G H J

4. F G H J

13. A B C D

14. F G H J

5. A B C D
15. A B C D

6. F G H J

16. F G H J

7. A B C D
17. A B C D

18. F G H J

8. F G H J
19. A B C D

Chapter 7 A22 Glencoe Precalculus

 Chapter 7 Assessment Answer Key
Standardized Test Practice (continued)
Page 52

x 2 y2
− +− = 1
20. 100 16
y
21.

0 x

22.
(x - 4)2 = 8(y - 9)

Answers
26.57°,
5(x') - √2
5 y' = 13
23.

24. (1, -4)

25. 25.4 mi
log 6
4
−
26. log4 e

(-4, 1), (3, ∞)

27.

x = 85t cos 34°,

y = 85t sin 34° +
28a.
3 - 16t2
about 38.3 ft
28b.

28c.
about 213.5 ft

Chapter 7 A23 Glencoe Precalculus