Name: Jake C. White Lab #: 7 Class: PHY 216IN Title: Ch.

35, Problem #65

Introduction
Equipment Used:
1. 2. Textbook Microsoft Visio & Excel

Project Purpose:
Solve problem #65 from chapter 35 of the textbook.

The problem in the textbook reads as follows:

65. The small transformers that power many consumer products produce a 12.0 V rms, 60 Hz emf. Design a circuit using resistors and capacitor that uses the trasformer voltage as an input and produces a 6.0 V rms output that leads the input voltage by 45

Designing The Circuit

Basic Layout
To begin the circuit design, the best place to start is to think about how the circuit layout should be arranged. The current and voltage of a resistor are in phase with each other. In a capacitor, the current is out of phase by 90. Therefore we will need to design the basic circuit so that the output is between the resistor and capacitor. We will plug in the known values to the circuit, and label the unknown values C & R.

Finding C & R
Further Breakdown of the Circuit
Since the phase angle must remain at 45, V R must always equal V C , but in order to obtain the correct rms value to cut the input voltage in half, R must be reduced at the output path without affecting its equality with C. This can be done by splitting R into two resistors and obtaining the following circuit layout.

Finding the R-values

First we have: V R rms  I rms R 
rms R

R 2 X 2 C

Since X C  R in this case we can write: VR

rms

 I rms R 

rms R

R 2 R 2


2 2

rms R

2R 2

rms R R 2

1 2

mrs

2 2

mrs

Now we have: V R

rms

mrs

But we know we need V R2 rms  0. 5 in order to get the proper output. So we can use the ratio of the two to write a formula for R 2 .

R2 

V R2 VR

R

1 2 2 2

R

2 2

R  0. 707 11R

We also know that: R  R 1  R 2 , so: R1  R R1  R R2  R

2 2 2 2

R  0. 292 89R

To summarize, weve found R 1 & R 2 : R 1  0. 293R R 2  0. 707R

Finding the C-value

Since both R & C are variables, there is no set value for them. We can use Excel to see multiple possibilities of R & C. We will choose values of C and allow the spreadsheet to 1 calculate the corresponding values of R. We will insert the formula, R  C , into the R-cell. the R 1 & R 2 cells will contain the formulas we found in the last segment. The results are as follows.

The Final Circuit

From the table above, it looks like the 100F range gives reasonable values for resistors & capacitors. We will base the final circuit on that value of C.