“Literary Genres in the 21st Century
Philippine Literature” 5. Text-talk Novels
 This refers to the new literary works that were
created or written by our contemporary writers
which may deal with current themes/issues, and
they often break traditional writing rules
1. Illustrated Novels
 Contains pictures in illustrations
 It is a story through text and illustrated images
 50% of the narrative is presented without words.
 Some illustrated novels may contain no text at all.
 50% text and 50% images
Examples: The Invention of Hugo Cabret and The Arrival
(by Shaun Tan)
2. Digi-Fiction
 Also known as Triple Media Literature – because it
combines the 3 types / different forms of media
 Combines three media: book, movie/video, and
internet website.
 Readers must engage in navigation, reading,
viewing, in all three formats
Examples: Skeleton Creek (by Patrick Carman) and Level
26 (by Anthony E. Zuiker)
3. Graphic Novels
 In comic form or format.
 The term is employed in a broad manner,
encompassing non-fiction works and thematically
linked short stories as well as fictional stories across
a number of genres.
 It also has illustrations. Speech balloons - wherein
contains dialogues
 It is usually start from left to right
 Manga – A graphic novel from Japan and it’s usually
start from right to left
❑ Shonen - Boy’s Manga (Naruto, Bleach, One Piece)
❑ Shojo – Girl’s Manga (Sailor Moon)
❑ Seinen – Men’s Manga (Akira)
❑ Josei – Women’s Manga (Loveless, Paradise, Kiss)
❑ Kodomo – Children’s Manga (Doraemon, Hello
Kitty, Pokemon)
4. Doodle Fiction
 Literary presentation where the author incorporates
doodle writing, drawings, and handwritten graphics
in place of traditional font.
 These drawings convey and enhance the story, and
it gives numerous effects or elements
 A form of literature where the book is printed as if
it’s handwritten (traditional writing)
Example: Diary of a Wimpy Kid
 These are the stories told almost completely in
dialogue simulating social network exchanges
 The story is conveyed to the readers through the
exchange of messages of the characters, like text
message, instant message, email and so on
Example: Vince and Kath (by Jenny Ruth Almocera)
6. Chick Lit
 This is genre fiction, which “consists of heroin-
centered narratives that focus on the trials and
tribulations of their individual protagonists”
 Modern fiction about the lives and romantic of
problems of young women
 Authors write chick lit to have women
empowerment and to address the issues that all
women have been facing. Moreover, they want to
be represented in the literary world to
spread/inform regarding their issues and trials
Examples: It Started with a Kiss (by Miranda Dickinson)
and The Night before Christmas (by Scarlett Bailey)
7. Flash Fiction
 Is a genre of fiction, defined as a very short story.
Flash fiction is also known as sudden fiction, short-
short stories, microfiction, or microstories
 Sometimes it contains 100, 500 or 1000 words,
there’s no exact number of words in flash fiction
 One thing is for sure, it is shorter than a short story
Examples: Swinging Through Life (by Renee Conoulty –
flash fiction collection)
Another example / type of flash fiction:
 Six-word Flash Fiction – it tells a story using six
words
Example:
“For sale: baby shoes never worn.” - Ernest Hemingway
“You’re my certain kind of sadness.”
“You were my lifeboat. I drowned.”
8. Creative Nonfiction
 It’s a rich mix of flavors, ideas, and techniques,
some of which are newly invented and others as old
as writing itself.
 Creative nonfiction can be an essay, a journal
article, a research paper, a memoir, or a poem.
 Stories that based on facts and created/conveyed in
a creative way
Examples: Wind, Sand and Stars (by Antoine de Saint-
Exupéry) and A Thousand Gifts (by Ann Voskamp)
9. Blog

 It is a shortened of the term “web blog”, a regularly

updated journal on the internet.
 Web blog – it is written by one person or different
people containing their opinions, interests, and
experiences
 Articles that usually uploaded in websites, and they
were only found on the internet

10. Hypertext Poetry

 Hypertext is a text displayed on a computer with

references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader
can immediately access usually by a mouse click or
keypress sequence.
 Also known as Hyper Poetry, a digital poetry that
usually found online and it uses link
 It cannot be presented without the aid or using
computers, internet or even gadgets

11. Spoken Poetry

 It is a poetic performance art that is word-based. It

is an oral art that focuses on the aesthetics of word
play such as intonation, voice inflection, emotions
and facial expressions
 A poetry that is intended to perform on stage and it
is meant to be shared