Auto Clutch While Braking In Vehicle

N.B.Fardeen - 19BME0016
B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering
MEE 1904 Capstone Project Presentation-Review-I

School of Mechanical Engineering

Prof. Mallikarjuna Reddy Date of Presentation: 25 Jan 2023

Contents

 Abstract/Executive Summary
 Introduction
 Literature Review
 Gaps in the Literature
 Problem Definition
 Objectives
 Methodology
 Work carried out so far
 Work to be done
 References.

B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I 2

Abstract / Executive Summary
• Our main focus in this project is to design a small auto-clutch for automobile system
or for a car system.

• In this project we have studied the automatic clutch mechanism in vehicles. The
fabrication part of it has been considered with almost case for its simplicity and
economy, such that this can be accommodated as one of the essential tools on
automobile garages.

• With automatic clutch system for car you can convert a manual car to semi automatic
at the touch of button. This automatically activates the clutch pedal movement in a
completely controlled system. Then the car will be driven by using just the brake and
accelerator.

• Features of using this type of system is changing gear without using your foot to
operate the clutch and more fuel economical than an automatic gear box.

• Auto-clutch comprises of two units first is electronic control unit and the second is
electric motor.

B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I 3

Introduction
• Automatic transmission cars are getting increasingly popular within the urban-scape as
crammed streets make shifting gears an undesirable job. Sure, you would love to use that
shifter as you steer your car around a set of twisties, making that rev needle dance within
the power band, but the practice is quite harassing within the clogged confines of the city.

• The simple alternative to those irritating manual shifts is to go with a car with an
automatic transmission. Twist the key, put the selector in “D” and you won’t have to touch
the gear shifter or depress the clutch lever before you reach your destination.

• So what exactly is this auto transmission? Is there any substantial difference between
various types of auto transmissions available today? Which cars come with the option of
an Auto box and what are the associated advantages and disadvantages? Let’s try and
find the answers to some of these questions.

• So what exactly is an automatic gearbox?

• Well, an automatic gearbox can change gear ratios on its own as the vehicle moves
without the driver having to shift gears manually. Now this function of shifting gears
automatically can be achieved via various means.

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Introduction

• Based on the method applied to shift the gears automatically, these transmissions are
divided in four basic categories:

• Automatic transmissions, CVTs (Continuously Variable Transmissions), Semi-Automatic

transmissions, and DCTs (Dual Clutch Transmissions).

• Automatic Transmissions differ in operation to CVTs or semi-automatics. Auto

transmissions use something called a torque converter, instead of clutch to manage the
relation between engine speeds and transmission gears.

• On the other hand, a semi-automatic transmission facilitates the shift in gear ratios
through a clutch-like setup, which is controlled through electro-hydraulic means, and
not a torque converter.

• This system allows the driver to over-ride auto shifts manually if he so desires, although
the final shifting is still taken care of by the hydraulics.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Introduction

• A DCT or a dual-clutch transmission is an advanced version of a semi-automatic

system that utilizes two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. The system is
capable of shifting gears more quickly than conventional automatic transmission, and
hence has application in cars where driving pleasure and quick shifting response cannot
be compromised. This system costs substantially more than your usual automatic
transmissions.

• Finally, a CVT uses a belt or some other means of torque transmission to allow an infinite
number of gear ratios between two fixed highest and lowest ratios. The flexibility of a CVT
allows it to be tuned for better fuel economy or performance. While auto transmissions
bring along great convenience, there are some disadvantages as well. To start with, auto
transmissions cars are not as responsive as their manual transmission counterparts.

• The shifts are not as quick, and sometimes it takes much longer than you would like to
shift a gear higher or lower. This reduces driving pleasure and the overtaking capabilities
of the car to an extent. Advanced DCTs, especially VW’s DSG have managed to go
around the problem of slow response, and are even better than manual transmissions in
response time. Such systems, however, are expensive

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Introduction

• Apart from slow response, auto transmissions are also known be less fuel efficient than
their manual counterparts. The Engine Control Unit, or the ECU, which is the brain of a
car, isn’t in most cases as intelligent as the human brain to derive the best fuel efficiency
and performance from the engine.

• Modern transmissions have come very close, but such advanced systems are available
only in premium cars and are very expensive. Also, auto transmission variant are Rs
50,000 to 1 lakh more expensive than their manual transmission counterparts, even in
the case of small cars.Mainstream car companies in India are yet to take the automatic
option seriously. Of all the volumes players that we have in the Indian car market, only
Hyundai offers an auto transmission option across its model range. From the Santro, to
the i10, to the i20, every small car from the company comes equipped with an automatic
transmission option.

• Of late, even Maruti has shown intent to offer auto transmission as an option in its cars.
The company launched the AT variant of its A-star a few months back.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Literature Review
Title of the paper Journal & Year Authors Description/Remarks
Semi Innovative Research in • Prasanth N This project is proposed to avoid the necessity of
Automatic Clutch in Heavy Science Engineering and • Arun M pressing the cutch plates while changing gears.
Vehicles Technology - 2014 Balagurubaran R The semi-automatic clutch system comprises a
Sabarish D switch in the gear rod knob. With this switch the
Kirubashankar R driver controls the clutching operation. The
controlling is done with a Propotional Control Valve
and the actuation by a double acting cylinder.

Automatic Multi-Plate International Journal of • Khairnar This study deals with provision of the automatic
clutch control in two Emerging Technology and • PG clutch mechanism in vehicles to facilitate the
wheeler bike Advanced Engineering - • Kute smooth changing of gears.
2015 • AP
• Kavade
• YK
• Gadekar

Design and analysis of International Engineering • Nilkanth G B In automobiles Clutch is one of the most essential
auto disengagement Research Journal - 2015 • Patil S V components. It is located between the gear box
single plate clutch in and the engine. It is also used in the transmission
automatic transmission system of a vehicle to disengage and engage the
and its testing transmission system from the engine. The most
performance important function of the clutch isto initiate the
motion and increase the velocity of the vehicle by
transferring kinetic energy from the engine flywheel.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Gaps in the Literature

• In the above research papers, it is more focussed on automated mechanism in clutch

using torque converter which could be more expensive.

• We are trying to improve this system using electro-pneumatic system.

• In one of the research papers the use of electro-pneumatic system is present but it’s not
clarified.

• By studying the above research papers we feel that further study on the topic is
required.

• In the above studies, The results were not well reported and requires further
investigation

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Problem Definition

• Auto clutch system for car which is mainly developed to match hectic traffic condition
suitable to all kind of cars. The auto clutch converts the manual car into semi-automatic
by pressing a button.

• This is an intelligent electronically controlled mechanism which enables the driver to

select the gears simply by pressing the button on the gear lever and shifting. This
automatically activate the clutch pedal movement in a completely controlled system.
Then the car can be driven by using just the brake and accelerator.

• In traffic when releasing the brake pedal car creeps forward like an automatic. Auto-
clutch takes the fatigue away from having to operate the clutch pedal continuously,
particularly in traffic situations. Auto-clutch is mainly comprised of two units. The first is
electronic control unit controls the second compact electric motor.

• The electric motor is mechanically connected to the clutch to the clutch pedal with a
cable. The accelerator pedal, brake pedal, hand brake and road speed are monitored for
signals which result in automatic activation of the system. The entire system is installed
in the interior compartment of the car.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
•
Objectives

• To gather data and information about the present setup times.

• To complete this mechanization project by keeping the overall costs low.

• To design and fabricate the model to make it easier to repair while maintaining the
simplicity of the design.

• To remove unnecessary parts or components from the model and keep it simple
while improving the model by the end of the project.

• To increase the efficiency of semi-automatic clutch mechanism by studying more

research papers.

• To make the design and fabrication compact.

• To make the fabrication work in any light weight vehicle categeory without
remapping or changing the stock ECU (Electronic Control Unit)

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Methodology
• Step 1: - Intially a mild steel metallic frame was constructed as a support to the
working components.

• Step 2: -  A wheel was bought and a braking disc was designed according to the
measurements of the frame and the wheel.

• Step 3: -  A DC Motor of 16 volts along with a V-belt is used as a driving force for the
wheel.

• Step 4: -  Installed an air tank on the frame to store pressurized air.

• Step 5: - Flow control valve is installed by connecting to air tank

• Step 6: - Installed a solenoid valve, switch control, pneumatic cylineder and brake pedal.

• Step 7: - When the brake pedal is engaged the switch control sends the signal to the
solenoid valve which releases air from the air tank through the control valve to regulate
the flow to pneumatic cylinder which engages the clutch.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Work carried out so far

• Analyzed the review papers and found gaps in the already existing literature.

• After analyzing the gaps we have defined the problem and improvements to be done in
semi-automatic clutch mechanism using pneumatic system.

• Purchased required components and tested for smooth functioning.

• Literature Review is completed and 75% of the review paper is completed.

• We have finalized semi-automatic clutch using pneumatic system as core of the

project.

• Figured out all material properties of wheel, cylinder, and other components of the
project.

• Constructed metallic frame to support the assembly of the components.

• Assembled wheel and braking disc to the wheel.

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B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering Review-I
Work to be done

• Assembly of pneumatic cylinder.

• Assembly of solenoid valve in between the air tank, switch control and pneumatic
cylinder.

• Assembly of brake and Disc wheel.

• Completing the fabrication using all the necessary components.

• Testing and experimental investigation of the fabrication.

• Improving the fabrication by altering if anything is required

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References

• [1]. Arun Kumar N., Srinivasan V., Krishna Kumar P., Analysing the strength of unidirectional
fibre orientations under transverse static load, International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research, v-9, i-22, pp- 7749-7754, 2014.

• [2]. Srinivasan V., Analysis of static and dynamicload on hydrostatic bearing with variable
viscosity and pressure, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, v-6, i-SUPPL.6, pp-4777-
4782, 2013.

• [3]. Srinivasan V., Optimizing air traffic conflict and congestion using genetic algorithm,
Middle - East Journal of Scientific Research, v-20, i-4, pp-456-461, 2014.

• [4]. Praveen R., Achudhan M., Optimization of jute composite as a noise retardant material,
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, v-9, i-22, pp-7627-7632, 2014.

• [5]. Raja Kumar G., Achudhan M., Srinivasa Rao G., Studies on corrosion behaviour of
borated stainless steel(304B) welds, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research,
v-9, i-22, pp-7767-7772, 2014

B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering/Production and Industrial Engineering/ Mechanical with Specialization in Automotive Engineering Review-I/II/Final viva 15