Al-Hussein Bin Talal University

Structural Steel Design

(0504413)
By: Dr. Husam Rabah Alsanat
husam.alsanat@ahu.edu.jo
1st Semester – 2022/2023
Dr. Husam Rabah Alsanat 1
 Course Outline
Method of Delivery: On-Campus–Attendance is required
Time and place: 11:30 -12:30 am, (Room 203)
Pre-requisite: Structural Analysis 2 (0504312)
Main Reference: Steel Construction Manual, 13th edition, AISC 360.
Textbook: Structural Steel Design, 5th edition, Jack C. McCormac.
Student Assessments:
• Course assessment: Quizzes & project (20%),
Mid-exam (30%)
Final Exam (50%)

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 Technology Tools for Class
• E-Learning :
• Lecture notes, Steel manual, captured videos, quizzes, extra examples will be posted to
E-learning.
• Project will be submitted to E-Learning.
• Be sure to check E-learning regularly (Daily!)

• Microsoft Teams:
• Periodic announcements will be given through the class channel

• Students can discuss any questions through the class channel.

• For personal inquiries, please send me an email to

Husam.alsanat@ahu.edu.jo. DO NOT contact me on messenger.
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 Structural Steel Design (0504413)

Introduction to Steel Structures

By: Dr. Husam Rabah Alsanat

husam.alsanat@ahu.edu.jo
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 What is Structural Engineering?

• The science and art of designing structures so that they can safely resist
the forces to which they may be subjected.

• Structural engineering focus on:

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 The Role of Structural Engineer

• Managing the tightrope between safety and economy

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 Steel Structures Definition

❑Let us start with this two questions:

• What do you know about steel structures?

• Have you ever seen a steel structure?

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 Steel Structures Advantages
• High strength
• The high ratio of strength to weight (the strength per
unit weight)
• Excellent ductility and seismic resistance
• Withstand extensive deformation without failure even
under high tensile stress.
• uniformity of material
• Predictability of properties, close to design assumption
• Ease of fabrication and speed of erection TYNE BRIDGE,UK

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 Steel Structures Disadvantages

• Susceptibility to corrosion

• Maintenance costs

• Loss of strength at elevated temperature

• Fireproofing costs

• Susceptibility to buckling

• Fatigue and brittle fracture

• Extra design consideration due to the structure lightweight. Why?

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 Steel Members fabrication

Steel can be formed in one of two ways,

1. Hot-rolled process:
The most common process in which the steel
sections are made from, with hot rolling
using heat.

2. Cold-formed process:
Cold rolling process are used to fabricate the
sections

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 Steel Members
• Steel members are generally produced in two
main fashions:
➢ Plates/Bars, which can be fabricated into a variety
of structural elements
➢ Rolled shapes, such as wide flanged sections,
angles, channels.

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 Steel Design Methodologies
(Limit State Design)

• A limit state is a condition of a structure beyond which it no longer fulfills the relevant design criteria.
• We tend to deal with two general types of limit states:
• Strength/safety

• Failure of one component (P, M, V),

There are two distinct design procedures employed by
• Stability against overturning designers:

• Fracture due to fatigue • Allowable Stress Design (ASD)

• Load & Resistance Factor Design (LRFD).
• Plastic collapse and Brittle Fracture
• Serviceability
• Deformation: excessive load, deflection, cracking
• Motion: Human discomfort and perception (Vibration)
• Corrosion, Fire

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 Allowable Strength Design
• In the ASD method, is obtained by specifying, that the effect of the loads should
produce stresses that is a fraction of the yield stress (Fy / Ω).
• To understand the ASD, Let's use a basic example (design a wooden chair to carry a
person):
• Estimate the maximum weight of a person (say 1.00kN so each leg will carry 0.25kN).
• if the maximum stress that wood material can resist before cracking is Fy = 200 Mpa
• Determine the suitable cross-sectional area for each leg.
• What is the cross-sectional area if we use ASD method (assume factor of safety Ω = 2)
• So what is the maximum load that can be carried by the chair?

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 Allowable Stress Design (ASD)

• Mathematical Description of ASD:

Rn
≥ σ 𝑄𝑖
Ω ASD Drawbacks:
• The safety is applied only to stress level.
Loads are considered to be deterministic (Not
where multiplied by a Safety Factor ).
Rn = Nominal Resistance
𝑄𝑖 = Loads (Dead, live, wind, etc.)
Ω = Resistance factor
Rn /Ω = Allowable resistance

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 Load & Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)

• Mathematical Description of LRFD: If the factored resistances are larger than

the factored loads, the structure is safe!

𝜙Rn ≥ σ 𝑦𝑖 𝑄𝑖 LRFD Load Combinations

Combination 1: 1.4D Where:
where Combination 2: 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5(Lr or S or R) D = dead load
L = live load due to occupancy
Combination 3: 1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or R) + (L or 0.5W)
Rn = Nominal Resistance Lr =roof live load
Combination 4: 1.2D + 1.0W + L + 0.5(Lr or S or R) S = snow load
𝑄𝑖 = Loads (Dead, live, wind, etc.) R = rain or ice load
Combination 5: 1.2D + 1.0E + L + 0.2S
𝑦𝑖 = Load factors W = wind load
Combination 6: 0.9D + 1.0W E = earthquake (seismic load)
𝜙 = Resistance factor Combination 7: 0.9D + 1.0E
𝜙Rn = Factored resistance

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 Steel Construction Manual

The Steel Construction Manual essentially consists of three main

portions:

- Dimensions and material-related values

- Design aids
• Tables and charts to assist engineers during the design process

- Codes and specifications

• Documents which govern the design of steel structures,
elements, and connections.

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 Properties of Structural Steel
• The characteristics of steel that are of the most interest to structural engineers
can be examined by plotting the results of a tensile test. If a test specimen is
subjected to an axial load P, as shown in Figure 1.3a, the stress and strain can
be computed as follows:
where
f = axial tensile stress
A = cross-sectional area
e = axial strain
L = length of specimen
L = change in length

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 Properties of Structural Steel

• These grades are listed in the manual:

▪ For rolled shapes, Table 2-4
▪ For plates, Table 2-5

• Some of the values in this table are listed as

ranges:
▪ What value should be used for design?

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 Steel Sections Dimensions

• The dimensions symbols are graphically

illustrate what each of the values in the table
represent.

• Also, only use decimal values for computations.

• Decimal: design
• Fractional: detailing • i.e. drafting/drawings

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 Properties of Structural Steel

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 On-Class Quiz

• Using the AISC Steel Construction Manual, respond to the questions below (be sure to
include units):
• What is the flange width of a W30x292?
• What is the moment of inertia of a C9x20 about the X-X axis?
• What is the radius of gyration of an L5x5x7/16 about the Z-Z axis?
• What is the warping constant (Cw) for a WT20×147
• What is the yield stress for shapes made of A618 Gr. II steel?
• What is the tensile stress for shapes made of A529 Gr. 55 steel?

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