Experimental Report 6

DETERMINATION OF SOUND WAVELENGTH AND

VELOCITY USING STANDING WAVE PHENOMENON

Name: Nguyễn Quốc Hưng - 20217001 Verification of Instructors

Class: 716770

Group: 3

I. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

Room Temperature = 27oC

Table 1. f = 500±1(Hz)
Trial L1(mm) L2(mm) λ
d1 = L2 -L1 =
2
1 166 509 343
2 168 514 346
3 162 513 351
4 164 509 345
5 168 515 347

√
5
d 1=346,4 (mm) s . d= ∑ ¿¿¿¿
i=1
s .d
S.D≈ =1(mm)
√5
Result of measurement: d 1=346,4 ± 2,1(mm)

Table 2. f = 600±1(Hz)
 Trial L1(mm) L2(mm) λ
d2 = L2 -L1 =
2
1 136 429 293
2 134 430 296
3 133 429 296
4 136 426 290
5 133 428 295

√∑
5
d 2=294 (mm) s . d= ¿¿¿¿
i=1
s .d
S.D≈ =1(mm)
√5
Result of measurement: d ❑2=294 ± 2(mm)

Table 3. f = 700±1(Hz)
Trial L1(mm) L2(mm) λ
d3 = L2 -L1 =
2
1 108 354 246
2 104 354 250
3 105 356 251
4 103 357 254
5 104 355 251

√∑
5
d 3=250,4(mm) s . d= ¿¿¿¿
i=1
s .d
S.D≈ =1(mm)
√5
Result of measurement: d 1=250,4 ± 1,9(mm)
2. Calculation of Average Value and Absolute Error of Wavelength

a. f 1=500 ±1 Hz :
−3 −3
λ 1=2⋅ d 1=2× 346,4 ×1 0 =693 ×1 0 (m)
√
Δ λ1= ( Δ d 1) =√ ( 2.1 ) =2.1 mm=2.1 ×1 0 m
2 2 −3

Hence:

−3
λ 1=(693 ± 2.1)×1 0 ( m)

b. f 2=600 ±1 Hz :
 −3
λ 2=2⋅ d 2=2 ×294=588 ×1 0 (m)
√
Δ λ2= ( Δ d 2) =√ ( 2 ) =2 mm=2 ×1 0 ( m)
2 2 −3

Hence:

λ 2=(588 ± 2) ×1 0−3 ( m)

c. f 3=700 ±1 Hz :
λ 3=2 ⋅d 3=2 ×250,4=500 ×1 0−3 (m)
√
Δ λ3= ( Δ d 3 ) =√ ( 1,9 ) =1,9 mm=1,9× 10 (m)
2 2 −3

Hence:

−3
λ 3=(500 ± 1,9)×1 0 (m)

3. Calculation of Average Value and Absolute Error of Sound Velocity

a. f 1=500 ±1 Hz
−3
v1 =λ1 ⋅f 1 =693× 1 0 × 500=346,4 (m/ s )

√( )( )
Δ λ1 2 Δ f 1 2
√( )( )
2 2
2.1 1
⇒ Δv 1=v 1 + =350 × + =4,8(m/ s)
λ1 f1 693 500
Hence:
v1 =346,4 ± 4,8(m/ s)

b. f 2=600 ±1 Hz
−3
v 2=λ2 ⋅f 2=588× 1 0 × 600=352,8(m/s)

√( )( )
Δ λ2 2 Δ f 2 2
√( )( )
2 2
2 1
⇒ Δv 2=v 2 + =349 × + =5,4 (m/s )
λ2 f2 588 600
Hence:

v 2=358,2± 5,4(m/s)

c. f 3=700 ±1 Hz
−3
v 3=λ3 ⋅ f 3=500 ×1 0 ×700=350,6(m/ s )
 √( )( )
Δ λ3 2 Δ f 3 2
√( ) ( )
2 2
1,9 1
⇒ Δv 3=v 3 + =347 × + =6( m/s)
λ3 f3 500 700
Hence:
v3 =350,6 ±6 (m/s)

4. Theoretical velocity of sound wave and experimental values:

Theoretically, the velocity of sound wave at a temperature T can be calculated as follows:

v=v 0 ⋅ √ 1+ α . T
At room temperature T=27° C : v=332× 1+
√ 27
273
≈348 ¿ m/s¿
In direct comparison with v1 , v 2 , v 3which are measured above, we can conclude that our
experimental values are acceptable since they are approximate to the theoretical value.