Gastric surgeries:

1. Vagotomy:
- The partial or total removal of the Vagus nerve innervating the
stomach
- Depending on the extent of the vagotomy:
- HCl secretion is reduced + gastric emptying slowed
- Dumping syndrome often occurs

2. Billroth I/ gastroduodenostomy
- The pylorus is removed and the distal stomach is anastomosed directly
to the duodenum.
- Why? For treatment of gastric cancer

Results in:
- Smaller stomach= less IF and less HCl
- No spinchter
- Duodenum is shorter= absorption + digestive problems
- Less dumping than Billroth II

3. Billroth II/ gastrojejunostomy

- Partial gastrectomy and the cut end of stomach is closed.
- A opening hole is made in the next section in the small intestine, the
jejunum and the stomach attatched at that opening.
- Why? Complicated peptic ulcer or gastric carcinoma

Results in:
- Steatorrhea
- Weight loss
- Dumping
- Vomiting
- Bacterial overgrowth

4. Roux and Y procedure/ gastric bypass:

- Weight loss surgery, creating a small pouch from the stomach and
connecting the newly created pouch directly to the small intestine.
- Why? Bariatric surgery for weight loss

Results in:
- Smaller stomach
- Spinchter problem
- Absorption problem
 - Can lead to dumping, bowel obstruction, gallstones, ulcers, malnutrition.

5. Pyloroplasty:
- Widen the opening (pylorus) so that stomach can empty into small
intestine (duodenum).
- Why? To treat peptic ulcers, or other problems that may block stomach
opening.
Results in:
- Duodenal reflux

6. Partial gastric resection:

- When a part of the stomach is removed and re-attatched.
- Why? Gastric cancer, ulcer