Amanjot kaur = 15932

FINAL EXAM

Dear Student,

This is your final exam. The exam consists of three sections--section I: MCQs, section II: short
essays, and section III, video analysis. You will have two (2) hours to take the exam. It is an open-
notes and open-book exam. Answer all sections right on examination sheet. For the MCQs
section, you use a highlight for the correct answers.

Please be original. Use the lecture notes and textbook only. Do not rely on any extraneous sources
(Google, the internet or other sources). Use proper grammar and do spell-check.

SECTION I:

1. Populations, according to Malthus, expand geometrically. Food production at best expands

arithmetically. At this rate, population growth rapidly outstrips food supplies.
a)True b) False

2. Carrying capacity is the number of people that can be supported in an area given the available
physical resources and the way that people use those resources.

a)True b) False

3. Population implosion is a way of relating basic information to theories about how the world
operates demographically.

a)True b) False
.
4. _________________is a place where a human lives

a. Habitat
b. Populated place
c. Migratory locale
 d. Condominium

5. Malthus argued that

a. food production increases geometrically while population increases arithmetically.
b. food production stabilizes while population increases.
c. food production lags behind population growth.
d. None of the above.

6. Which statement is false?

a. Malthus did not believe in artificial birth control.
b. Malthus believed that religion would help the poor accept their hardships.
c. Malthus thought preventative checks would reduce the likelihood of positive checks.
d. None of the above, all of the above are true.

7. Mercantilism is based on the assumption that a nation’s wealth was determined by the amount of
precious metals it had in its possession, which were acquired by exporting more goods than were
imported, with the difference (the profit) being stored in precious metals.
a)True b) False

8. Social capillarity is the desire of people to rise on the social scale, to increase their individuality
as well as their personal wealth.
a)True b) False

9. The aim of debunking is to

a. support the conventional wisdom.
b. propose new ideas which support the status quo
c. set the agenda for the power elite
d. challenge the conventional wisdom
10. ________________is the scientific and statistical study of human population.

a. Population explosion. b. Demography.

c. Population implosion. d. Geography.

11. The Rational choice theory proposes that human behavior is the result of individuals making
calculated cost-benefit analyses about how to act and what to do.
a)True b) False

12. According to Karl Marx, Population growth is a symptom rather than the cause of poverty,
crime, starvation resource depletion and pollution.
a) True b) False

13. Which statement is false?

a. The demographic transition is a reversible process.
b. No society returns to high mortality after reaching post-transition.
c. No society returns to high fertility after reaching post-transition.
d. The demographic transition theory has been criticized for proposing that all societies go
through the same demographic transitions stages.

14. Malthus claimed that human beings have two passions, which perennially threaten their survival.
One is the passions for food. Which is the second one? Passion for:
a. aggression.
b. greed.
c. opposite sex.
d. leisure.
15. ____________________(I) on the natural environment equals the product of population (P),
affluence (A) (or per capital consumption) and technology (T) or impact of technology per unit of
consumption

a. Habitat
b. Human Impact
c. Technological Impact
d. Population Impact

16. Natural increase is excess of births over deaths.

a. True b. False

17. Thomas Malthus expected population to increase according to what mathematicians call an
“exponential progression.”
a. True b. False

18. Preventive checks would include abstinence from sexual intercourse and postponing marriage
until after twenty-five years old.
a. True b. False

19. “Population Bomb,” “population explosion,” and “zero population growth” are concepts
employed by
a. Marxist demographers b. Neo-Mathusians
c. Neo-Marxists d. Neo-Functionalists

20 Emile Durkheim was a nineteenth century French sociologist whose main contribution to
population thought was to suggest that
a. a dramatic improvement in the lives of the poor could slow down the rate of reproduction.
b. women prefer fewer children than men, so equal rights for women should lower the birth rate.
c. population growth leads to alternative opportunities for women, thus producing a limitation
of family size.
d. population growth leads to greater societal specialization.
21. Plato’s basic idea about population was that
a. What is good for the goose is good for the gander, too.
b. Development is the best contraceptive.
c. Stability is superior to growth.
d. An only son is a heavy burden.

22. The basic tenet of physiocratic thought, as applied to demography, was that
a. population size depends upon the wealth of the land, which is stimulated by free trade.
b. the "invisible hand" would "keep a lid" on excessive reproduction.
c. wealth was equal to total production minus the wages paid to workers.
d. prosperity and population growth would increase hand in hand.

23) According the lecture, the MiniMax Theory proposes that human beings
a) have the tendency to maximize their pleasure and to minimize their pain.
b) Seek to maximize both their pleasure and their pain
c) Are self-sacrificial and charitable, and therefore don’t consider their pain before helping
others
d) Are always sometimes charitable and other times selfish..

24) According to Malthus, positive checks would include war, famine, pestilence, and disease.
a)True b) False

25) Food production (or lack of it) is a central positive check.

a)True b) False
___________________________________________________________________\
ECTION II (SHORT ESSAYS) STOP! READ THE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY
ANSWER TWO QUESTIONS, NUMBER ONE (1) AND ANY OTHER ONE. UP TO FIFTEEN (15) LINES PER
QUESTION SHOULD BE ENOUGH.

1) “…In fact, 96.8% of the genetic code between blacks and whites is shared, with only a maximum of 0.032
of the genes varying between any white or black person. The variation between whites and Asians is
0.019 (98.1% similarity), and the difference between blacks and Asians is 0.047 (95.3% similarity) …”
Briefly comment. In your commentary, explain why it is said that “Under the skin we are essentially the
same” and “Under the skin we are all African.”
2) Select any one of the group presentations, other than yours and (1) briefly outline the main ideas of the
presentation. (2) List any two adverse/negative impacts of the problem discussed (3) List any two
proposed solutions of the problem.
3) Briefly outline the human impact on planet earth. Give two real life examples
4) What is global environment degradation? Briefly outline the causes, evidences, and progression of global
environmental degradation.
5) “Most variation is within, not between ‘races.’” Briefly comment. Provide two real life examples.
6) “Race is not biological, but racism still exists.” Briefly comment. Provide two real life examples.
7) “It’s not inferiority of the labourer that led to the enslavement of Africans, it was the cheapness of the
labour.”    Briefly comment.  
8) “Human subspecies don’t exist.” Briefly comment. Provide two real life examples.

QUESTION#1 (MANDATORY)

_____ There are no subcategories of a given phylum with this high a degree of

genetic overlap, which has been used by the Human Genome Project and other

academics to refute the validity of scientific racism. This implies that a person

is intelligent enough to identify their race, but even more intelligent if they are

unaware of it. Scientific racism has been refuted by the Human Genome

Project's conclusions and those of a number of academics, at least for the time

being.
The conclusion that "Race cannot be biologically defined" was made when the

human genome project was about to wrap up. Despite variations in racial

makeup and environmental factors, all people have the same DNA because to

our evolutionary history. Errors in DNA replication are to blame for these

differences between people. This is what allows for evolution.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

YOUR ELECTIVE/SELECTED QUESTION_# question number 3

__________ The totality of human actions and habits that have an impact on the delicate ecosystem of the Earth's

surface, both positively and negatively, is known as the human impact on the environment.

1. Globalwarming___ Smaller concentrations of greenhouse gases

including water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane as

well as the combination of nitrogen and oxygen in the Earth's

atmosphere are what contribute to the greenhouse effect. As the Earth

revolves around the sun, this builds a global insulator that retains heat

from the sun and maintains the temperature of the planet.

Example= More climate-vulnerable populations are anticipated to live in

poverty throughout Africa as a result of climate change, particularly in the

West African region where food yields are anticipated to be significantly

damaged. The Sahel may become hungry as a result of this.

2 .DEFORESTATION One significant human activity that has contributed to global

warming is deforestation. It is brought on by human activities like agriculture,

which have significantly reduced the amount of forest cover. Deforestation-

related land erosion alters water systems, displaces species, causes droughts that

make already hot and dry regions increasingly hotter and drier, and fuels

destructive and enduring wildfires. Non-profit organisations and social media are

promoting planting and reforestation even at the individual and community levels

to combat this effect.

SECTION III. VIDEO ANALYSIS

BRIEFLY SUMMARIZE THE VIDEO, RACE: THE POWER OF AN ILLUSION. EPISODE ONE. (UP TO 10 LINES)
STATE THE CENTRAL THESIS OF THE VIDEO (UP TO 1O LINES). STATE ONE LESSON YOU LEARNED FROM
THE VIDEO (UP TO 5 LINES). ALTOGHETHER, UP TO TWENTY-FIVE (25) LINES SHOULD BE ENOUGH.
It's time to remove the systems built on those false principles after generations of American scientists

searching for biological differences among racial groupings to support an imagined hierarchy. Race — The

Power of an Illusion, a 17-year-old video on the topic, was shown at the Berkeley Conversations livestreamed

event where Professor Evelynn Hammonds, the head of the Department of the History of Science at Harvard

University, spoke. She clarified that she did not imply that society should disregard diversity but rather that

race cannot longer be used to determine access to resources and opportunities. The Othering & Belonging

Institute at Berkeley, in conjunction with the School of Public Health and the Centre for Research on Social

Change, hosted the first of three "Race — The Power of an Illusion" events. Professor of bioethics at Berkeley,

Osagie Obasogie, asserted that thinking racially about the world is by definition the domain of white people

since race is a crude social and political construct that does not translate onto human genetic diversity for

population differences.