THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)

LAB WORKSHEETS
Data Analysis
1. Based on the two measured absorbance readings for Aacid, Abase, Abuffer 1,
Abuffer 2 and Abuffer 3, at the three different temperatures, average the measured
values and then correct each absorbance reading by subtracting the blank
correction value.
2. Use equation 13b to calculate a pKa value for each buffer solution at each
temperature (nine pKa values in all).
For example: If you had the following data at 21.8C, Aacid = 0.619, Abase =
0.094, Abuffer = 0.322 and pH of the buffer was 5.75, the pKa value would be
determined as follows:

( Abuffer  Abase) (0.322  0.094)

pKa  pH  log  5.75  log  5.64
( Aacid  Abuffer ) (0.619  0.322)

3. Record all nine pKa values in the Table 2, along with their measured
temperatures. Calculate the average pKa for each temperature.
4. Transfer the average pKa values to Table 3. Convert the temperatures to
Kelvin and complete the table.
5. Graph the average pKa values as a function of 1/T (K-1). Which variable goes
on the x axis? The graph is expected to produce a straight line, based on
equation (16).
6. Answer the following:
a) From the graph of pKa vs. 1/T, determine pKa at 25C.
b) Calculate ΔG for 25C using equation (14). What are the units?
7. Based on your graph, determine the slope. What are the units? Calculate ΔH
based on equation (16).
8. Calculate ΔS using equation (15).
 THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)
LAB WORKSHEETS
 
WORKSHEETS - DO NOT HAND IN

Your blank correction: _________ Virtual Classmate’s blank correction: _________

Table 1. Absorbance readings.

Room
Cold Hot
Temperature
Your Measured
Temperatures (C)
Aacid

average

corrected

Abuffer 1

average

corrected

Virtual Classmate’s
Temperatures (C)
Abuffer 2

average

corrected

Abuffer 3

average

corrected

Abase

average

corrected
 
 THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)
LAB WORKSHEETS
 
pH Readings for Buffered Solutions:

pH1: ___________ pH2: ___________ pH3: ___________

Calculations for pKa of Buffer 1:

Calculations for pKa of Buffer 2:

 
 THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)
LAB WORKSHEETS
 
Calculations for pKa of Buffer 3:

Table 2. Calculated values of pKa.

Room
Cold Hot
Temperature

Temperature (C)

Buffer 1

Buffer 2

Buffer 3

Average

 
 THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)
LAB WORKSHEETS
 
Table 3. Calculation of thermodynamic quantities.
Room
Cold Hot
Temperature
Temperature (K)

Average pKa

1/T (K–1)

1. Based on the above results, construct a graph of average pKa values as a

function of 1/T (K–1).

2. From your graph, determine pKa at 25C. Calculate ΔG at 25C based on
equation (14).

ΔG = ____________________

3. Calculate the slope.

Slope = ____________________
 THERMODYNAMICS (DETERMINATION OF ΔGo, ΔHo & ΔSo)
LAB WORKSHEETS
 
4. Calculate ΔH using equation (16).

ΔH = ____________________

5. Calculate ΔS using equation (15).

ΔS = ____________________

6. Write the chemical equation of the reaction for which you have calculated ΔGo,
ΔHo and ΔSo.