MECHANICS

Prepared By:
MARK ANTHONY R. DACURONG
Physical science Instructor
 EQUATIONS USED IN UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION IN HORIZONTAL DIMENSION:
Equation A: v= d/t

Equation B: vave= vf+vi /2 Where:

vf = final velocity
vi = initial
Equation C: a= vf-vi /t
velocity
vave = average
Equation D: d= (vf+vi /2) t
velocity
d = displacement
Equation E: d= vit + ½ at2 t = time
a = acceleration
Equation F: vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
Equation A: v= d/t

Equation B: vave= vf+vi /2

Equation C: a= vf-vi /t

Equation D: d= (vf+vi /2) t

Equation E: d= vit + ½ at2

Equation F: vf2 = vi 2 + 2ad

SAMPLE PROBLEM #1

Equation A: v= d/t

A runner runs a 200-m dash in 62 seconds. What is his speed in m/s?

Given d= 200 m Solution s = d/t

s = 62 seconds
s = 200 m / 62 s
Unknown s=?
Answer s = 3.226 m/s
Equation s = d/t
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2

Equation A: v= d/t

A boy walks at a speed of 4 km/hr. How much time does he take to walk a distance of
20 km?
Given s = 4 km/hrs Solution t = d / s
d = 20 km
t = 20 km / 4 km/hrs
Unknown t = ?
Equation t = d / s Answer t = 5.000 hrs
SAMPLE PROBLEM #3

Equation A: v= d/t

Mark Anthony travel approximately 102 m/hr. How many meters could Mark Anthony
move in 46 hrs?
Given s = 102 m/hrs Solution d=sxt
t = 46 hrs
d = (102 m/hrs) (46 hrs)
Unknown d = ?
Answer d = 4692 km
Equation d = s x t
SAMPLE PROBLEM #4
Equation C: a= vf-vi /t
A race car accelerates uniformly from 18.5 m/s to 46.1 m/s in 2.47 seconds.
Determine the acceleration of the car.

Given vf = 46.1 m/s Solution a = vf – vi / t

vi = 18.5 m/s
t = 2.47 seconds a = (46.1 m/s - 18.5 m/s)/(2.47 s)

Unknown a = ? a = (27.6 m/s) / (2.47 s)

Equation a = vf – vi / t Answer a = 11.17 m/s2

SAMPLE PROBLEM #5
Equation C: a= vf-vi /t
A bicycle moves from rest to 5 m/s in 5 sec. Compute for the acceleration?

Given vf = 5 m/s Solution a = vf – vi / t

vi = 0
a = (5 m/s – 0) / 5 sec
t = 5 seconds
a = (5 m/s) / 5 sec
Unknown a = ?
Answer a = 1.000 m/s2
Equation a = vf – vi / t
SAMPLE PROBLEM #6
Equation C: a= vf-vi /t
A car uniformly accelerates from rest at 15 ft/s2 for 6 s. What is the final velocity in
ft/s?
Given a = 15 ft/s2 vf = at
Solution
vi = 0
t = 6 seconds vf = (15 ft/s2 ) (6 s)

Unknown vf = ? Answer vf = 90.00 ft/s

Equation a = vf – vi / t
vf = at
SAMPLE PROBLEM #7

Equation D: d= (vf+vi /2) t

A car travelling at 32 m/s skids to a stop in 2.55 s. Determine the skidding distance of
the car.
Given vf = 0 Solution d= (vf+vi /2) t
vi = 32 m/s
t = 2.55 s d= (0 + 32 m/s /2) 2.55 s
d= (16 m/s) (2.55 s)
Unknown d=?
Answer d= 40.80 m
Equation d= (vf+vi /2) t
SAMPLE PROBLEM #8
Equation E: d= vit + ½ at2

A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a time of 5.21 seconds for a
distance of 110 m. Determine the acceleration of the car.
Given d = 110 m Solution d = vit + ½ at2
vi = 0
110 m = (0 m/s)*(5.21 s)+ (0.5) (a) (5.21 s)2
t = 5.21 s
110 m = (0.5) (27.1441 s 2) (a)
Unknown a=?
110 m = (13.57 s2) (a)
Equation d = vit + ½ at2
Answer a = 8.105 m/ s2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #9
Equation E: d= vit + ½ at2

An airplane from rest accelerates on a runway at 3.20 m/s2 for 32.8 s until it finally
takeoff the ground. Determine the distance travelled before takeoff.

Given a = 3.20 m/s2 Solution d = vit + ½ at2

vi = 0 d = (0) (32.8 s) + (0.5) (3.20 m/s2 ) (32.8 s)2
t = 32.8 s
d = (1.6 m/s2) (1075.84 s2 )
Unknown d=?
Answer d = 1721 m
Equation d = vit + ½ at2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #10
Equation E: d= vit + ½ at2

A jeepney from rest accelerates uniformly over a time of 3.25 s and covers a
distance of 15 m. Determine the acceleration of the jeepney.

Given d = 15 m Solution d = vit + ½ at2

vi = 0
15 m = (0 m/s) (3.25 s)+ (0.5) (a) (3.25 s)2
t = 3.25 s
15 m = (0.5) (a) (10.5625 s2)
Unknown a=?
15 m = (5.281 s2) (a)
Equation d = vit + ½ at2 Answer a = 2.840 m/ s2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #11
Equation F: vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
A bike accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 7.10 m/s over a distance of 35.4 m.
Determine the acceleration of the bike.
Given vf = 7.10 m/s Solution vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
vi = 0
(7.10 m/s)2 = (0 m/s)2 + 2 (a) (35.4 m)
d = 35.4 m
50.41 m2/s2 = (70.8 m) (a)
Unknown a=?
Answer a = 0.7120 m/s2
Equation vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
SAMPLE PROBLEM #12
Equation F: vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
It was once recorded that a Jaguar left skid marks that were 290 m in length.
Assuming that the Jaguar skidded to a stop with a constant acceleration of -3.90
m/s2, determine the speed of the Jaguar before it began to skid.
Given vf = 0 m/s Solution vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
a = -3.90 m/s2
d = 290 m (0 m/s)2 = vi2 + (2) (-3.90 m/s2) (290 m)

Unknown vi = ? 0 m2/s2 = vi2 - 2262 m2/s2

-vi2 = - 2262 m2/s2

Equation vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
Answer vi = 47.56 m /s
SAMPLE PROBLEM #13
Equation F: vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
A bullet leaves a rifle with a muzzle velocity of 521 m/s. While accelerating through the
barrel of the rifle, the bullet moves a distance of 0.840 m. Determine the acceleration of
the bullet
Given vf = 521 m/s Solution vf2= vi 2 + 2ad
vi = 0
d = 0.840 m (521 m/s)2 = (0 m/s)2 + 2 (a) (0.840 m)
271, 441 m2/s2 = (1.68 m) (a)
Unknown a = ?
Answer a = 1.616 x 105 m /s2
Equation v 2= v 2 + 2ad
f i
FREE FALLING BODIES
SAMPLE PROBLEM #1
A flea can jump to a vertical height of 0.04 m, find:
a. The initial velocity the pest leaves the ground
b. The time the flea takes to reach its maximum height
Given vf = 0 m/s Solution 𝑣𝑓 2 = 𝑣𝑖 2 + 2𝑎𝑔𝑑
d = 0.04 m 0 = 𝑣𝑖 2 + 2(−9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 )(.04𝑚)
a = −9.8𝑚/𝑠 2
0 = 𝑣𝑖 2 − (19.6𝑚/𝑠 2 )(.04𝑚)
Unknown vi = ?
0 = 𝑣𝑖 2 − 0.748𝑚2 /𝑠 2

0.748𝑚2 /𝑠 2 = 𝑣𝑖 2
Equation 𝑣𝑓 2 = 𝑣𝑖 2 + 2𝑎𝑔𝑑
Answer 0.8854 𝑚/𝑠 = 𝑣𝑖
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2
A flea can jump to a vertical height of 0.04 m, find:
a. The initial velocity the pest leaves the ground
b. The time the flea takes to reach its maximum height
Given vi = 0.8854 𝑚/𝑠 Solution ag = vf−vi /t
vf = 0 m/s
d = 0.04 m −9.8 m/𝑠 2 = (0 m/s) – 0.8854 m/s) / t
a = −9.8𝑚/𝑠 2
−9.8 m/𝑠 2 = – 0.8854 m/s) / t
Unknown t = ? −9.8 m/𝑠 2 (t) = – 0.8854 m/s)
Answer t = 0.09035 s
Equation ag = vf−vi /t
SAMPLE PROBLEM #3
The observation deck of tall skyscraper 370 m above the street. Determine the time required
for a penny to free fall from the deck to the street below.

Given Solution d = vit + ½ agt2

d = 370 m
370 m = (0 m/s) (t)+ 0.5 (9.8 m/s2) (t)2
vi = 0 m/s
a= 9.8 m/s2 370 m = (4.9 m/s2)*(t)2
Unknown 75.51 s2 = t2
t=?
Answer t = 8.690 s
Equation
d = vit + ½ agt2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #4
11. If Michael Jordan has a vertical leap of 1.29 m, then what is his takeoff speed?

Given Solution
vf = 0 m/s vf2 = vi2 + 2agd
a = -9.8 m/s2 (0 m/s)2 = vi2 + (2) (-9.8 m/s2)*(1.29 m)
d = 1.29 m
0 m2/s2 = vi2 - 25.284 m2/s2
Unknown
vi = ? 25.28 m2/s2 = vi2
Answer 5.0283 m/s = vi
Equation
vf2 = vi2 + 2agd
SAMPLE PROBLEM #5
A kangaroo is capable of jumping to a height of 2.62 m. Determine the takeoff speed of the
kangaroo.
Given Solution
vf = 0 m/s vf2 = vi2 + 2agd
d = 2.62 m
a = -9.8 m/s2 (0 m/s)2 = vi2 + 2*(-9.8 m/s2)*(2.62 m)
0 m2/s2 = vi2 - 51.352 m2/s2
Unknown
vi =? 51.35 m2/s2 = vi2
Equation Answer vi = 7.166 m/s
vf2 = vi2 + 2agd
SAMPLE PROBLEM #6
Upton Chuck is riding the Giant Drop at Great America. If Upton free falls for 2.60 seconds, how
far will he fall and what will be his final velocity?
Given Solution
vi = 0 m/s d = vit + ½ agt2
a = (9.8 m/s2) d = (0 m/s)*(2.60 s)+ 0.5*(9.8 m/s2)*(2.60 s)2
t = 2.60 s
d = (4.9 m/s2) (6.76 s2 )
Unknown
vf = ? Answer d = 33.12 m
d=? ag = vf-vi /t vf 2 = vi 2 + 2agd
Equation
9.8 m/s2 = vf – 0 m/s / 2.60 s vf 2 = 0 m/s + (2)(9.8 m/s2)(33.12m)
d = vit + ½ agt2
vf = vi + ag*t Answer vf = 25.48 m/s vf 2 = 0 m/s + (649.152 m2/s2)
vf = 25.48 m/s
SAMPLE PROBLEM #7

A stone is dropped into a deep well and is heard to hit the water 3.41 s after being dropped.
Determine the depth of the well.
Given Solution
vi = 0 m/s d = vit + ½ agt2
t = 3.41 s
a = 9.8 m/s2 d = (0 m/s) (3.41 s)+ 0.5 (9.8 m/s2) (3.41 s)2

Unknown d = (4.9m/s2) (11.6281 s2)

d=? Answer

Equation d = 56.98 m
d = vit + ½ agt2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #8
Jonathan is playing with a ball on top of a building but the ball fell and hits the ground after 2.6
seconds, what is the final velocity of the ball just before it hits the ground and how high is the
building?
Given Solution vf = vi + agt
a = 9.8 m/s2 vf = 0 m/s + (9.8 m/s2) (2.6 s)
t = 2.6 s
Answer vf = 25.48 m/s
vi = 0 m/s
Unknown d = vit + ½ agt2
vf = ?
d=? d = (0 m/s) (2.6 s) + 0.5 (9.8 m/s2) (2.6 s) 2
Equation d = (4.9 m/s2) (6.76 s2 )
vf = vi + agt
Answer d = 33.12 m
d = vit + ½ at2
SAMPLE PROBLEM #9
The Philippine tarsier is capable of jumping to a height of 1.5 m in hunting for food. Determine
the takeoff speed of the tarsier.

Given Solution vf 2 = vi 2 + 2agd

d = 1.5 m
0 m/s = vi 2 + 2 (-9.8 m/s2) (1.5 m)
vf = 0 m/s
a = -9.8 m/s2 0 m/s = vi 2 - 29.4 m2/s2
Unknown 29.4 m2/s2 = vi 2
vi = ? Answer vi = 5.422 m/s
Equation
vf 2 = vi 2 + 2agd