(1) To inform or instruct, as one would as an instructional course leader, and is based on thought processes.

(2) To persuade or motivate to action, as would a politician or salesman, and is based on behavior modification. (3) To inspire, entertain or otherwise elicit feelings and emotions, as would a motivational speaker or stand-up comic, and is based on changing attitudes.

-Key Objectives

Develop an appropriate relationship and rapport with prenatal patients; if possible, counsel about pregnancy prior to conception; determine whether the patient is pregnant and estimate the date of confinement. Identify physiological changes characteristic of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester of pregnancy, including vital signs, skin changes, breast changes, and uterine changes.

-Objectives

Through efficient, focused, data gathering: o Elicit factors that contribute to estimation of date of confinement (e.g., LMP, date of conception/positive pregnancy test, use of birth control, ultrasound findings, physical exam/size of uterus) as well as factors that might alter the expected date of confinement, or might influence the course of the pregnancy (e.g., maternal age). o Identify physiological changes characteristic of pregnancy in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester; determine whether pregnancy is progressing satisfactorily (normal pregnancy symptoms), or complications are present (hyperemesis, pain, bleeding). o In the 2nd trimester, determine maternal weight gain, BP, fetal heart rate and movement, and screening for fetal growth (symphysis - fundus height); whether preterm labor may be present, any bleeding, or urinary symptoms. o In the 3rd trimester, determine the presence of fetal movement, BP, fetal heart rate, maternal weight gain, and determine fetal lie and presentation, and screening for fetal growth. o Diagnose onset of labor. List and interpret critical clinical and laboratory findings which were key in the processes of exclusion, differentiation, and diagnosis: o Discuss current recommendations for prenatal screening offered at initial presentation (rubella status, group B strep, VDRL, hepatitis B antigen, CBC, urinalysis, HIV, Rh status, chlamydia, pap smear, maternal serum screen). o Discuss current recommendations for ultrasound screening in normal pregnancy. o List investigations for a patient with Rh negative blood type and list indications for anti-D globulin.

Discuss recommendations for gestational diabetes and maternal screening in 2nd trimester. Discuss recommendations for screening for proteinuria and glycosuria in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester. Conduct an effective initial plan of management for a patient who is pregnant: o In normal pregnancy, outline nutrition recommendations including for iron and folic acid (pre and post conception). o List potential complications associated with smoking, alcohol in pregnancy (maternal and neonatal). o Counsel patient on safe and unsafe medications during pregnancy, physical and sexual activity, travel, vaccines. o Outline management of urinary tract infections in pregnancy, nausea and vomiting, and constipation. o Outline initial management of a woman with symphyseal fundal height measurement significantly larger or smaller than expected. o Outline initial management of elevated blood pressure. o Outline initial management of bleeding in first, second, or third trimester. o Outline initial management if fetal movements are decreased. o Outline initial management of post dates pregnancy. o Outline initial management of diabetes in pregnancy. o Counsel patient regarding breast-feeding; counsel regarding maternal serum screening. o Select patients in need of specialized care. Back to Top

o o

-Ethics
Consent to Investigation or Treatment Detailed Objectives

To communicate clearly information relevant to informed consent (what a reasonable person would want to know in a given circumstance). To identify reasonable steps to ensure understanding of information: can the patient explain the medical problem and the proposed treatment or test. To determine free choice, and absence of coercion. To recognize the patient's right to refuse or revoke consent without prejudice to subsequent treatment.

Non-pregnant women of childbearing age who may become pregnant should receive all clinically indicated immunizations at least three months prior to conception. This included immunity as a result of disease or immunization to measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, tetanus, diphtheria, poliomyelitis, and varicella. Individuals at high risk for hepatitis A or pneumococcal infections should also receive these immunizations. Immunization during pregnancy may be indicated to protect the mother and fetus. Vaccines may be given to non-immune women during pregnancy when there is a high risk of exposure to infection, the infection is hazardous to mother or fetus, and the immunizing agent is not likely to cause harm. Inactivated virus vaccines, toxoids, and immune globulin

are generally considered safe for pregnant women since there is no evidence that they have harmful effects on the fetus or pregnancy. Nevertheless, it is preferable to delay administration of these medications until the second trimester because a theoretical risk to the fetus cannot be excluded. Genetic testing has ethical obligations to both mother and fetus. Prenatal testing may influence a mother's decision about reproductive options. As a consequence, prenatal counseling must be non-directive, and testing must not be restricted to those willing to have an abortion. Moreover, reproductive decisions must not be coerced on the basis of test results. If the only realistic options for mothers are abortion, selective conception, and childlessness, it is essential that women not be pressured into prenatal diagnosis.

Truth Telling Detailed Objectives

To recognize reasonable right of patient to know relevant information: o purpose and implications of investigations; o diagnosis and prognosis of medical condition; o risks and benefits of treatment; and o health risks to which they are exposed.

http://www.mcc.ca/objectives_online/objectives.pl?lang=english&role=expert&id=80-1

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This section will provide brief description on the various significances of the study given the three categories Educational, Technological and Economic. To students. The proposed study serves the students as their reference or guide in creating their program. It will also help students taking computer related courses to identify the best programming language to use. To teachers. The proposed study will help teachers to have a deeper understanding to the said programming languages. By this study they will come up with easier and powerful program. To future researcher. The proposed study will benefits and help the future researcher as their guide. The study can also open in development of this study.

http://thesisworks.com/2011/case-study-format/significance-study-sample/