SECTIONAL VIEWS

LECTURE 5
Background:
• Initially, it has been studied that internal hidden details of the object are shown in
orthographic views by dashed lines.
• The intensity of the dashed lines depends on the complexity of internal structure of the
object.
• It will become more difficult to visualize the shape of the object as the number of
dashed lines go increasing.
Do you know what is inside it
• Insert an imaginary plane inside the object to get a view of it.
Sectional View:
• The part of the object between the observer and the cutting plane is assumed to be
removed.
• The cut view thus obtained is called the SECTIONAL VIEW.
•
Cutting Plane Line:
• In an isometric view, a sectional plane (Cutting plane) line is indicated by Phantom
Line.
Types of Cutting Planes:
Vertical Section Plane Cutting plane parallel to vertical plane

Horizontal Section Plane Cutting plane parallel to horizontal plane

Profile Section Plane Cutting plane parallel to profile plane

Auxiliary Section Plane Cutting plane inclined to either horizontal or

vertical plane.
1. Auxiliary Inclined Plane:
A plane inclined to horizontal plane and
perpendicular to vertical plane.
2. Auxiliary Vertical Plane:
A plane inclined to vertical plane and
perpendicular to horizontal plane
Oblique Section Plane Cutting plane inclined to both horizontal and
vertical plane
Hatching of Sections:
• The surface created by cutting the object by a section plane is called a “ Section”.
• Sections are indicated by drawing the hatching or section lines.
• These lines are continuous and drawn at the angle of 45° to the principle outlines or the
lines of symmetry of the section.
• The spacing should be uniform and in proportion to the size of the section.
Section Line:

45°
Section Lines for Different Materials:
5 Minutes Exercise:
• Mark the angles.
Types of Sectional Views:
• Sectional Front View:

When an object is cut by a vertical

cutting plane or Auxiliary Vertical
Plane, the front view obtained is
called the Sectional Front View.
• Sectional Top View: • Sectional Side View:

When an object is cut by a When an object is cut by a profile

horizontal cutting plane or cutting plane or Auxiliary Vertical
Auxiliary Inclined Plane, the top Plane or Auxiliary Inclined Plane,
view obtained is called the the front view obtained is called
Sectional Top View. the Sectional Side View.
Methods of Sectioning
• Full Section
• Half Section
• Offset Section
• Revolved Section
• Removed Section
• Aligned Section
Full Section
• The sectional view obtained after removing the half portion of an object through its
centre.
Half Section
• The sectional view obtained by removing the quarter portion by means of two cutting
planes at right angles to each other.
Offset Section
• The sectional view obtained by a cutting plane in a zig-zag way so as to reveal the
maximum details of the object.
Revolved Section
• A revolved section is used to show the
uniform shape of the object from end
to end.
Removed Section
• Removed section is used to show the
variable shape of the object from end
to end.
Aligned Section
• An aligned section is used to show the
shape of features that do not align with
the vertical and horizontal centerlines
of the object.
Class Task:
• Draw a full sectional view
of the CAD Model with
respect to Vertical
Section Plane.