IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

P.M.B 5047 RUMUOLUMENI

PORT HARCOURT

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

A REPORT OF THE STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE

SCHEME (SIWES)

AT

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY NEW LABORATORY

BY

DAVID CHIMEREMEZE NWACHUKWU

U/2020/9031

STUDENT I.T REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

CHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCE, IGNATIUS
AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE
(B.SC.)

COORDINATOR:
DR. FESTUS CHIOMA

APRIL, 2023

i
 DEDICATION

This technical report is dedicated to humanity and the drowning industrial sector of the

nation.

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am grateful to God for protection, knowledge gained, strength and persistence

throughout the industrial training duration. To family, friends and colleagues whose

assistance was a catalyst to this achievement, remain blessed.

iii
 ABSTRACT
Review on the nature of work done and skill acquired during the mandatory (SIWES)
period, is what this report covers. The opportunity was granted by IAUE Chemistry New
Laboratory Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rurmuolumeni P.M.B 5047, Port
Harcourt, Rivers State, between the period of Septemebr, 2022 and March, 2023. The
major activities of the laboratory which determines laboratory proficiency as highlighted
and discussed in this report is, but not limited to Acid-base titration, Test for sample,
Standardization of a solution, Preparation of soap, Preparation of bleach. Furthermore,
there is also an insight in to the process of flash point using some spectroscopic
instrument to determine the properties of some element. In a nutshell, this piece of work
harbor the daily designated activities and my job role. The different apparatus and
working tools discussed in chapter two, the work challenges, experiences gained and few
recommendations at the last chapter as of the work were all based on first hand personal
experience and keen observation.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page - - - - - - - - - - - - i
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - - - ii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - - - - iii
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - - - iv
Table of content - - - - - - - - - - - - v
CHAPTER 1 - Introduction

1.1 Background note on Industrial training - - - - - - - - -

1.2 Brief history and products of the Industry - - - - - - - - -
CHAPTER 2 – IAUE Chemistry Laboratory Industrial Activities
2.1 Nature of activities carried out - - - - - - - - - - -
2.2 Tools and equipment used - - - - - - - - - - -
2.3 Process analysis - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2.4 Relevance of the training to my course of study - - - - - - -
CHAPTER 3 – Interpersonal Observation
3.1 Role of industrial-based supervisor - - - - - - - - - -
3.2 Relationship of students with the industrial-based supervisor, staff and clients. -
CHAPTER 4 – Justification of the Programme
4.1 Advanced knowledge acquisition- - - - - - - - - -
4.2 Avenue for real life challenge encounter - - - - - - - - -
4.3 Technological advancement by creation of specialists - - - - - -
CHAPTER 5 – Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1. Summary - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
5.2 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
5.3 Recommendation - - - - - - - - - - - - -

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 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK

EXPERIENCE

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) also known as Industrial

Training (I.T) is a compulsory skill training programme designed to expose and prepare

students at Nigeria Universities for the Industrial work

Student industrial work experience scheme serve as a smooth transition from classroom

to the world at work and helps in the application of knowledge.

The scheme also affords students the opportunity at familiarizing and exposing

themselves to the needed experience in handling equipment and machinery that are

usually not available in the institution.

Student industrial work experience scheme was designed by the industrial training fund

(ITF) in the year 1973 to solve the problems of lack of adequate proper skills for

employment of tertiary institution graduates by Nigeria industries and to acquaint

students with the skills at handling employees equipment and machinery.

The industrial training fund (ITF) solely founded the scheme during its formative years.

However due to financial constraints, the fund withdraw from the scheme in 1978.

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The federal government knowing the importance of the skill training handed the

management of the scheme to both National Universities Commission (NUC) and the

National Board for technical Education (NBT) in 1979.

The management and implementation of the scheme was however reverted to the I.T.F by

the Federal Government in November 1984, taken over by the industrial training fund in

July 1985 with the funding borne by the Federal Government.

1.2 PURPOSE OF SIWES

The student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) also known as industrial

training (IT) by Nigeria student is a yearly program designed by the institution in

collaboration with the industries to give student the opportunity to gain practical working

experience in their various field of study or area of specialization. It is an effort to bridge

the existing gap between classroom, theories and practical in engineering, education and

other professional programs in the Nigerian tertiary institutions.

It is through industrial training that educational system aims at helping students acquire

skills abilities and competence both mental and physical as well as equip the industries to

live in the society.

1.3 BODIES INVOLVES IN SIWES

There are various bodies involved in the management of SIWES in Nigeria each of them

has its respective roles.

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These bodies work seriously and together to ensure an effective and efficient

administration of the training programme in Nigeria.

1. Federal Government of Nigeria

a. To provide adequate funds to the I.T.F through the Federal Ministry of Trade and

Investment for the scheme.

b. To make it mandatory for all ministries, companies and parastators, to offer places

for the attachment of students in accordance with the provision of decree No. 47 of

1971 as amended in 2011.

2. The Industrial Training Fund (ITF)

a. Organize biennial SIWES national conference and review meetings

b. To formulate policies and guideline on SIWES for distribution of all participating

bodies, institutions and companies involved in the scheme.

c. Regularly organize orientation programmes for students prior to attachment.

d. Receive and process master and placement lists from the institutions through the

supervising agencies i.e. (NUC, NBTE and NCCE).

1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES

1. To provide students with industrial skills and needed experience while the course

of study.

2. To create conditions and circumstances which can be as close as possible to the

actual workflow.

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 3. To prepare specialists who will be ready for any working situation immediately

after graduation.

4. To teach students the technical and methods of working with facilities and

equipment that may not be available within the walls of an educational institution.

5. To give students the ability to try and apply the given knowledge.

The objectives of SIWES Programme are about:

Strengthening future employees such as program is successful attempt to help students to

understand the underlying principles of their future work. After passing the programs, the

student can concentrate on the really necessary factors of this or her work.

1.5 BRIEF HISTORY AND PRODUCTS OF THE INDUSTRY

The IAUE Chemistry Laboratory started at the inception of the College of Education in

August 2, 1971 with one (1) Laboratory Assistant. Presently, the Department of

Chemistry has two well-equipped laboratories with competent lecturers. It also has

skilled and devoted administrative and technical staffs that are always willing to

assist students in their practical classes and teach them on how to make use of laboratory

equipment.

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 CHAPTER 2
IAUE CHEMISTRY LABORATORY ACTIVITIES

2.1. NATURE OF ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT DURING THE TRAINING PROGRAMME

The acid base titration.

Test for sample (Qualitative analysis).

Standardization of a solution.

Preparation of soap.

Preparation of bleach.

Preperation of Air freshener, shampoo, paint, Perfume, Insecticide.

2.3. LABORATORY EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS

2.1 LABORATORY EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS

 Analytical weighing balance

 PH meter

 Hot air drying oven

 Thermometer

 Burette

 Volumetric flask

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  Cylindrical flask

 Compressor

 Test-tube

 Thermometer

 Beaker

 Conical flask

2.3. PROCESS ANALYSIS

 The Acid-Base Titration

Acid-base titration is a technique used in the chemistry to help determine the

concentration of a mixed with an unknown solution. The process involves adding a

known to an unknown solution, until a reaction occurs. Most often this reaction is a

color change. When done correctly and carefully, a titration will yield a very

precise result for Acid-Base calculation, redox reaction, complexation, and many

other calculation.

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 APPARATUS REQUIRED

Retort-stand, Beaker, Conical flask, Pipet, Burette, Indicator, Reagent.

PROCEDURE:

 Clean and rinse all glassware.

 Fill the burette with excess amount of titrant.

 Clamp the burette carefully on the burette stand.

 Tap the burette to remove any air bubbles.

Conduction your titration:

i. Measure out a precise amount of analyt in a clean beaker or flask.

ii. Drop a small amount of color indicator in the beaker.

iii. Add your second chemical if necessary.

iv. Agitate the beaker using a magnetic stir plate.

v. Place the beaker under the burette.

vi. Slowly open the stopcock, so that the titrant, drops out of the burette.

vii. Record you’re your final volume from your burette.

 PREPARATION OF AIR FRESHEINER

Air freshener is an Odor control that comes in liquid form. It is used in our home,

office to emitte unpleasant Odors

Precautions

 Do not Taste Chemical.

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  Put on you PPE.

 Keep out of reach of children.

Chemicals Required:

 Texapone: it is use to remove oil from the perfume frome the surefeace of

the Air freshener.

 Methanol: it is use to dissolve the texapone and make the Air freshener dry

fast when spreed.

 Mentol: it helps to reduce Odor i.e it brings out the fragrance of the Air

freshener.

 Color: it helps to beautify the color of the Air freshener.

Mearsurement for 10L of Airfrehshener

 Texapon……………………….1/16kg

 Methanol……………………..1 Liter

 Mentol………………………..2.5g

 Prefume……………………….400 ml

 Color………………………….5g

PROCEEDURES

1. Pour out the mearsure texapon inside bowl and stair properly.

2. Pour the measure the methanol inside the same bowl and stir properly in order

to get homogeneous mixture mixture.

3. Grind the mentol and pour it into the solution and stir.

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4. Pour the measured perfume and stir properly to get homogeneity.

5. Pour 8liters of water inside the original solution and stir properly.

6. Use the remaining half litre of water to dissolve the color and pour it inside the

solution and stir properly.

PREPARATION OF BLEECH

Bleach is a chemical agent which is used to remove colour, whiten clothes and

disinfect surfaces such as bathrooms, toilet, kitchen, cupboard, floors etc by the

process of oxidation. Oxidizing bleach works by breaking down the chemical

bonds that makes up chromospheres .A chromophore on the other hand is a group

of atoms within a molecule which are responsible for the colour of the molecule. a

chromophore adds colour to a molecule because of the nature of the atoms

involved and the way they are bonded with each other.

Apparatus required:

Face mask, Long sleeves, hand gloves, Wooden turner, 2 Medium bowls.

Ingredient:

Caustic soda 1/2 cup, Soda ash 1 cup, Chlorine 1 cup, Water 5 liters.

Procedure:

1. Get a clean container and add clean water into it.

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 2. Dilute caustic soda in the water (Mix ingredients in an open environment to

avoid inhalation of toxic fumes and wear gloves and protective clothings while

mixing bleach).

3. Add soda ash and mix gently.

4. Measure chlorine and add. Stir till you achieve a homogenous mixture

( chlorine and caustic soda solution will react to form hypochlorites bleach.

5. When that is achieved, cover and keep for 24 hours for the liquid to clearly

separate from suspended particles.

6. Decant to remove impurities then package into different plastic containers with

fitted lids.for home use or for sale.

7. Clearly label and safely store out of reach of children.

 PREPARING A STANDARD SOLUTION

(Standardizing 0.1n of sodium hydroxide NaOH)

Apparatus required:

Retort stand, conical flask, Pipette, Fitter, Measuring cylinder, NaOH, Standard HCL

Solution, Phenolphthalein.

Procedure:

 Dissolve 2g of phenolphthalein indicator powder into 100ml of ethanol and mix

well by shaking

 Dissolve 2g of sodium hydroxide pellets in 500ml distilled water & mix

properly by swirling the flask.

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  Standardize the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, using the standard 0.1N

hydrochloric solution.

 Store the solution in a cool place and use within 6 months.

 Transfer the NaOH into a volumetric flask of 500ml.

 Pour about 400ml distilled water into the flask.

 Attach a cap to the flask and stir to dissolve the pellet in water.

 Swirl the flask until the pellets are dissolved completely.

 Fill the flask with distilled water to make the final volume of 500ml.

 Rotate the flask several times to mix the solution properly.

 Label the flask as expected 0.1N NaOH.

2.4 RELEVANCE OF THE TRAINING TO MY COURSE OF STUDY

The training experience was an extension to the class room knowledge, through

which the practicality of both known and unknown processes, leading to

production was felt. Moreover, the hands-on understanding of procedures, risks

and importance of calculated measures augmented the theoretical knowledge,

granting enough insights in to real life situation. Through the conducted

experiments during the training duration, processes like analysis of P H, weighing of

sample, preparation of stock solution and the likes, was understood on the basis of

real proportion, suitability and primary result acquisition.

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12
 CHAPTER 3

INTERPERSONAL OBSERVATION

3.1 ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL BASE SUPERVISOR

The role of the industrial base supervisor was to assign task to workers, controlling

and supervising the processes in all analysis done.

3.2 STUDENT RELATIONSHIP WITH THE INDUSTRIAL BASED SUPERVISOR,

STAFF AND CLIENT

On my arrival to the organization, I was told that the few workers in the

organization are brilliant, experience skilled men and practical orientated.

The good evidence of co-operative attitude was practically experienced when I was

posted to maintenance department; the supervisor heading the unit exposed me to

basic tools and rules in the laboratory. I was exposed to practical jobs and enough

time was allocated in ensuring I grabbed as much as possible.

Indeed, the co-operation attitude of all I met in IAUE Chemistry laboratory was

worthwhile and I cannot express it completely in words.

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 CHAPTER 4

JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROGRAMME

4.1 ADVANCED KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

I have a vast understanding of quality control which involves carrying out some

laboratory test in order to check of a given specification through physical

properties. In quality control, we assured that some of the chemicals which are not

to be exposed to air, are kept properly.

Practical materials are tested in the laboratory which involves analyzing the

materials, data processing and interpretation which involves comparing with the

specifications and then documentation of the test results.

I also learnt how to conduct various laboratory experiments such as:

(a) The acid-base titration.

(b) Test for sample (qualitative analysis).

(c) Standardization of a solution.

(d) Preparation of soap.

(e) Preparation of bleach.

(f) Preperation of Air freshener, insecticide, Shampoo, Perfume.

4.2 AVENUE FOR REAL LIFE CHALLENGE ENCOUNTER AND ADAPTATION

The challenges below were felt and handled during the training programme:

i) Adaptation to already established culture and core values of the company.

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 ii) Unusual day to day expenses in keeping up during the training period.

iii) Application of strategic measures to meet up with daily target.

4.3 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT BY CREATION OF SPECIALISTS

The SIWES programme serves as a medium to acquire practical skills, needed for

advancement in science and technological field. It is also a requirement for

certification of students in tertiary institution. Trainee students tend to become

specialists to respond to enquiries accurately, clearly and without ambiguity.

The introduction of SIWES scheme in 1974 by Federal Government has helped to bridge

the gap between theory and practice of engineering, technology and science related

disciplines in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.

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 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

The SIWES exercise provides a huge opportunity for individuals in specific field,

to gain practical knowledge and develop skill required in their course of study.

It is relevant to mention that this scheme is aimed at promoting the much desired

technological know-how for the advancement of the nation.

5.2 CONCLUSION

The six months industrial training I spent at New IAUE Chemistry laboratory has

exposed me to a more advanced knowledge in my course of study (chemistry), in

the aspect of practical and analysis. I had a vast understanding on quality control,

quantitative analysis and computation of laboratory test results. Thus, the industrial

training stood as a relevant platform for all students, and must be taken seriously

for professional development prior to graduation.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

(a) The need for institutions to guide their subjects on the major factors to put

into consideration before choosing a place for SIWES programme cannot be

over emphasized. In a nutshell students ought to undergo their industrial

training in an organization or company whose activities are study related,

and will impact positively into the student’s field of study and life.

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(b) More should be done on the supervisory visit to students undergoing SIWES

program by the industrial training fund officials, this is to mitigate laxity and

inculcate in students the spirit of commitment, for knowledge acquisition.

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 REFERENCE

Department of Chemistry New Laboratory, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education,

P.M.B. 5047, Rumuolumeni Port Harcourt.

SIWES Coordinator Dr./Dr. Prince Nna Joe.

IT Supervisor Dr. Festus Chioma.

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