MATH 2350 – PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

SECTION 2

GROUP 5

ASSIGNMENT 1 – HEAT CONDUCTION

LECTURER: ABDUMALIK RAKHIMOV

MEMBERS

MOHAMAD FAIZ FARHAN BIN MOHD NOR 1720433

WAN MOHD AFIFI BIN WAN ABDUL KADIR 1727049

SHUKOR NURRASHED BIN REDZUAN 1717931

AFIQ AZFAR BIN ABDUL RAHMAN 1728817

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

15th NOVEMBER 2019

Assignment 1 MATH2350
Given the heat conduction problem in the rod as follows:

 Length of the rod is equal 8 and heat conductivity coefficient is equal 10.

 The heat flow at the left hand end of the rod equal t and the heat flow at the right
hand end is equal to 0

𝟗𝝅𝒙 𝟏𝟏𝝅𝒙
 At initial time temperature of the rod was as 𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬 + 𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒔 .
𝟖 𝟖

 There is the heat source inside of the rod expressed by the function

( 𝒙 − 𝟖) 𝟐 𝟓
𝟕𝝅𝒙
𝟕𝒄𝒐𝒔 − +
𝟖 𝟏𝟔 𝟒

Solution:

L = 8, K = 10

𝑈𝑡 = 𝐾𝑈𝑥𝑥 + 𝐹 (𝑥, 𝑡)

𝑈𝑥 (0, 𝑡) = 𝑡 = 𝑔(𝑡)
𝑈𝑥 (8, 𝑡) = 0 = ℎ(𝑡)

𝑛𝜋 2 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝜆𝑛 = ( ) , 𝑋𝑛 = cos
8 8

𝟗𝝅𝒙 𝟏𝟏𝝅𝒙
𝑈(𝑥, 0) = 𝟑 𝐜𝐨𝐬 + 𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒔
𝟖 𝟖

𝟕𝝅𝒙 (𝒙 − 𝟖)𝟐 𝟓
𝐹(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 + + 𝒕
𝟖 𝟏𝟔 𝟒

The above equations are non-homogenous. Therefore, the mathematical model must be
converted to homogenous equation where formula 1 that follow all stated conditions are used.

(𝑥−𝐿)2 𝑥2
𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑈 (𝑥, 𝑡) + 𝑔(𝑡) − 2𝐿 ℎ(𝑡)
2𝐿

(𝑥 − 8) 2 𝑥2
𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑈 (𝑥, 𝑡) + (𝑡) − (0)
16 16

2
Transformation – The value U is converted to V by using the formula mentioned above to
get homogenous value. The formula is then substituted with applied condition.

1. Find homogenous boundary condition 𝑉𝑥 (0, 𝑡)

2(0 − 8) 2(0 )
𝑉𝑥 (0, 𝑡) = 𝑈𝑥 (0, 𝑡) + (𝑡) − (0)
16 16

=0−0=0

∴ 𝑉𝑥 (0, 𝑡) = 0

2. Find the second homogenous boundary condition 𝑉𝑥 (8, 𝑡)

2(8 − 8) 2(8 )
𝑉𝑥 (8, 𝑡) = 𝑈𝑥 (8, 𝑡) + (𝑡) − (0)
16 16

=0−0=0

∴ 𝑉𝑥 (8, 𝑡) = 0

3. Find homogenous initial condition, 𝑉(𝑥, 0)

9𝜋𝑥 11𝜋𝑥
𝑉 (𝑥, 0) = 3 cos 8
+ 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 8

4. Find 𝑉𝑡

(𝑥 − 8)2
𝑉𝑡 = 𝑈𝑡 +
16

7𝜋𝑥 (𝑥 − 8)2 5𝑡 (𝑥 − 8)2

𝑉𝑡 = 10𝑈𝑥𝑥 + 7 cos − + +
8 16 4 16

5𝑡 7𝜋𝑥 (𝑥 − 8)2 5𝑡 (𝑥 − 8)2

𝑉𝑡 = 10𝑉𝑥𝑥 − + 7 cos − + +
4 8 16 4 16

7𝜋𝑥
𝑉𝑡 = 10𝑉𝑥𝑥 + 7 cos
8

3
V(x,t) problem

7𝜋𝑥
𝑉𝑡 = 10𝑉𝑥𝑥 + 7 cos
8

𝑉𝑥 (0, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑉𝑥 (8, 𝑡) = 0

9𝜋𝑥 11𝜋𝑥
𝑉 (𝑥, 0) = 3 cos + 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 = 𝑓1 (𝑢, 𝑡)
8 8

From V(x.,t) problem we can know 𝐹17 , 𝑓13 , 𝑓15 with compare to eigen function above :

𝑂 𝑖𝑓 ≠ 7
𝐹1 (𝑢, 𝑡) ⇨ 𝐹17 {
7 𝑖𝑓 = 7

0 𝑖𝑓 ≠ 9,11
𝑓1𝑛 (𝑢, 𝑡) ⇨ 𝑓1𝑛 { 3 𝑖𝑓 = 9
5 𝑖𝑓 = 11

∞
𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡) = ∑ 𝑉𝑛 (𝑡) 𝑐𝑜𝑠
8
𝑛=0

𝑡 𝑛𝜋 2 𝑛𝜋
−10( ) (𝑡−𝜏) 2𝑡
𝑉𝑛 (𝑡) = ∫ 𝐹1𝑛 (𝜏)𝑒 8 𝑑𝜏 + 𝑓1𝑛 𝑒 −10( 8 )
0

Then find 𝑉7 (𝑡), 𝑉9 (𝑡), 𝑉11 (𝑡)

𝑡 7𝜋 2 (𝑡−𝜏)
𝑉7 (𝑡) = ∫ 7 𝑒 −10( 8 ) 𝑑𝜏
0

−245 2
𝑡 𝜋 (𝑡−𝜏)
= 7 ∫0 𝑒 32 𝑑𝜏

−245 2
32 𝜋 𝑡
= 7[ (1 − 𝑒 32 )]
245𝜋 2

−245 2
32 𝜋 𝑡
= (1 − 𝑒 32 )
35𝜋 2

4
 9𝜋 2𝑡
𝑉9 (𝑡) = 3𝑒 −10( 8 )
11𝜋 2
𝑉11 (𝑡) = 5𝑒 −10( 8 ) 𝑡

𝑛𝜋𝑥
Substitute the values in 𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=0 𝑉𝑛 (𝑡 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 8

2
32 −245𝜋2𝑡 7𝜋𝑥 −10(9𝜋) 𝑡 9𝜋𝑥
𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡) = [ ( 1 − 𝑒 32 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ] + [ (3𝑒 8 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ]
35𝜋2 8 8
2
−10(11𝜋) 𝑡 11𝜋𝑥
+ [(5𝑒 8 )𝑐𝑜𝑠 ]
8
Substitute into u(x,t)

(𝑥 − 8)2
𝑉 (𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝑈 (𝑥, 𝑡) + 𝑡
16
2
32 −245𝜋2 𝑡 7𝜋𝑥 −10(9𝜋) 𝑡 9𝜋𝑥
𝑈 (𝑥, 𝑡) = [ ( 1 − 𝑒 32 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ] + [ (3𝑒 8 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ]
35𝜋 2 8 8
11𝜋 2 11𝜋𝑥 (𝑥 − 8)2
−10( ) 𝑡
+ [(5𝑒 8 )𝑐𝑜𝑠 ]− 𝑡
8 16

5
 graph of the temperature at the time 𝒕 = 𝟏
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8
-5
-10
-15
-20
u(x,t)

-25
-30
-35
-40
-45
length,x

Figure 1

graph of the temperature at point 𝒙 = 5

2

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-2

-4
u(x,t)

-6

-8

-10

-12
time,t

Figure 2

6
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