Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics College of Arts and Sciences Dr. Dorra Turki

College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Dr. Dorra Turki

Objectives
 Test Hooke’s Law : the relation between the
force and elongation.
 Measuring the value of the spring constant
static K1 and dynamic K2 and compare results.

Background
An English physicist, he discovered the
relationship between the amount of spring
stretches and the force applied to it.
The force applied (N) The extension (elongation) (m)
Robert Hook’s
 Hook’s law = law of elasticity (1635-1703)

Definition
Elasticity : is the ability of an
object to resume its normal shape
after being stretched or compressed
Elastic Materials: Return to their
original shape when the applied load
is removed.

Definition
Plasticity : is the tendency of an object to
NOT return to their original shape after
deformation ( when the force is removed).
 Plastic Materials: malleable objects
(that can be shaped without breaking). No
deformation is observed up to a certain
limit. Once the load passes this limit,
permanent deformartions are observed.

Definition
Elastic limit
Plastic behaviour

Hook’s law
 If the spring is left at rest at the

equilibrium position then there is no
net force acting on the mass.
 However, if the mass is displaced from

the equilibrium position, the spring
exerts a restoring force tends to
restore the system to equilibrium.

Hook’s law
The formula for a spring is :
𝑭𝑭 = −𝑲𝑲 . 𝜟𝜟𝒀𝒀
F : elastic (restoring ) force
K: Spring constant of proportionality (N/m)
∆y : elongation from equilibrium
(-) The negative sign indicates that the
direction of elongation (x) is always
opposite to the restoring force.

Definition
 Oscillation or Vibration : the movement of an object that
regularly repeats itself about a fixed point, from one position
to another and back to the original position.
 The fixed point, known as the equilibrium position, is where
the oscillating object returns to once the oscillation stops.

Definition
 The time period T of an oscillation is
the time taken for an object to perform
one complete oscillation
 Simple harmonic motion is a type

of periodic motion.
 The motion is periodic : has a
certain frequency and period.

Hook’s law:
(dynamic/harmonic motion)
 Simple harmonic motion: is a type of periodic motion.

 Wavelength: the distance between any two repeated point.
 Amplitude: the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
 Periodic time: is the time of one complete oscillation.
 Frequency: is the number of oscillation per unit time.
Equipment needed
Coil Spring.
Supports.
Clamps.
Weights.
Meter Stick.
Stop Watch.

Part 1 : Static
The spring represent an elastic body

Experimental procedure
Part 1 : Static
 F = - K ∆x
 F = - mg
𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎 = 𝑲𝑲 𝜟𝜟𝒀𝒀
F = - K ∆y
Slope = K1

Part 1 (Static)
1. Mark the position of the spring when its empty. You
will measure the stretching of the spring from this
position.
2. Suspend the mass 50 g on the spring, and read the
spring extension ∆y. Write down your values in the
table.
3. Repeat step 2 for other masses and fill the table.
4. Plot. Using excel, mg versus ∆y. Don’t forget to put
the titles and units on the axes.
5. Calculate the spring constant K2 and its error.
Part 1 (Static)
Object Total Uncertainty of Spring Uncertainty of

Mass m (g) the object Extension ∆y Spring
mass Um(g) (cm) Extension ∆y
(cm)
50
100
150
200
250

Part 1 (Static)
Object Uncertainty Spring Uncertainty Object Uncertainty

Total of the Extension of Spring Weight of Object
Mass m object mass ∆y (m) Extension Fg = Weight
(Kg) Um(Kg) ∆y (m) mg(N) U mg(N)
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
0.250

Part 1 : Static
𝑭𝑭 = 𝑲𝑲 𝜟𝜟𝒀𝒀
Slope = K1 ( Unit ?)

Part 2 : Dynamic
The object oscillate with a frequency

Part 2 : Dynamic
2π
T=
𝒘𝒘
(𝟐𝟐π)𝟐𝟐
Slope =
𝑲𝑲𝟐𝟐

Part 2 : Dynamic
1. Hang the mass of 50 g to the spring, pull it down a small
distance and release it (let it oscillate).
2. Using stopwatch, measure the time of 10 oscillations and
then calculate the periodic time (the time of one
oscillation).
3. Repeat step 2 for the other masses and fill in the table.
4. Plot, using excel,T2 versus m. Don’t forget to put the
titles and units on the axes.
5. Calculate the spring constant K2 and its error.

Part 2 : Dynamic
Object Mass Uncertainty of Time of
m (g) Object Mass m (g) 10Oscillation
t1 U ti
t2 (s) t3 (s)
(s) (s)

Part 2 : Dynamic
Object Ubcertainty Uncertainty Periodic
Time of n Time
Mass m of Object
of Time
time
(Kg) oscillation tav U tav (s)
T2
Mass Um Oscillation (s) T=
(Kg) tav/nosc (s2)
t1 t2 t3 U ti
(s) (s) (s) (s) (s)

Part 2 : Dynamic
(𝟐𝟐π)𝟐𝟐
Slope =
𝑲𝑲𝟐𝟐
K2 = ? ( Unit ?)


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College of Arts and Sciences

Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Dr. Dorra Turki

 Test Hooke’s Law : the relation between the

force and elongation.

 Measuring the value of the spring constant

static K1 and dynamic K2 and compare results.

College of Arts and Sciences

The force applied (N) The extension (elongation) (m)

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

 If the spring is left at rest at the

 However, if the mass is displaced from

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

 Simple harmonic motion is a type

College of Arts and Sciences

 Simple harmonic motion: is a type of periodic motion.

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

Object Total Uncertainty of Spring Uncertainty of

College of Arts and Sciences

Object Uncertainty Spring Uncertainty Object Uncertainty

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Arts and Sciences

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